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Interactive metadiscourse in L1 and L2 English: Evidence from editorials 一、二语英语中的互动元话语——来自社论的证据
IF 0.4 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/topling-2023-0004
Sharif Alghazo, Khulood Al-Anbar, A. R. Altakhaineh, Marwan Jarrah
Abstract This study investigates the use of interactive metadiscourse markers in first language (L1) and second language (L2) English editorials. It also identifies how L1 and L2 editorials differ in the use of these markers. To this end, the study utilizes Hyland’s (2019) model of interactive metadiscourse to analyse – based on a descriptive approach – 80 editorials collected from two highly reputed newspapers: The Guardian and The Jordan Times, distributed evenly. The data were analysed both quantitatively, using SPSS tests to identify significant differences (if any) between the two sets of editorials, and qualitatively to enrich our understanding of the functions of interactive metadiscourse markers in editorials. The analysis revealed that there is no significant difference in the use of interactive metadiscourse markers between the two corpora. However, there is a slight variation in the use of individual interactive markers such as frame markers and evidentials. The findings are discussed in the light of theories of metadiscourse and previous literature. The study provides implications for L2 learning and teaching in terms of how interaction in written discourse is achieved in the L2.
摘要本研究调查了互动元话语标记在第一语言(L1)和第二语言(L2)英语社论中的使用。它还确定了L1和L2社论在使用这些标记方面的差异。为此,该研究利用Hyland(2019)的互动元话语模型,基于描述性方法,分析了从两家知名报纸《卫报》和《约旦时报》收集的80篇社论,这些社论分布均匀。使用SPSS测试对数据进行定量分析,以确定两组社论之间的显著差异(如果有的话),并从定性角度丰富我们对社论中交互元话语标记功能的理解。分析表明,两个语料库在元话语标记的使用上没有显著差异。然而,在使用个别互动标记(如框架标记和证据)方面略有差异。这些发现是结合元话语理论和以往文献进行讨论的。本研究就如何在二语中实现书面语篇中的互动提供了对二语学习和教学的启示。
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引用次数: 0
The Directorate-General for Translation’s gender-neutral English guidelines (1998-2022) 翻译总局中性英语指南(1998-2022)
IF 0.4 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/topling-2023-0001
María López-Medel
Abstract Ten years before the European Parliament adopted the Gender-neutral language in the European Parliament multilingual guidelines (2008), the European Commission’s Directorate-General for Translation had already included a section on this subject in the third edition of its English Style Guide (1998). The original text was later reproduced in other European Union’s style guides, namely the Interinstitutional Style Guide, the European Commission Style Guide and the ephemeral European Commission Guidelines for Inclusive Communication, withdrawn shortly after publication due to political and religious complaints. After a quarter of a century, the guidelines have drifted apart through their respective updates. What are the exact inconsistencies of the current style guides? How do the changes reflect developments in the field of inclusive language? And do the guidelines include gendered terms and expressions relevant for EU linguists? A unified EU policy on linguistic sexism across its languages and institutions expressed in a set of relevant and coherent language guidelines seems vital to enabling and fostering the implementation of non-sexist language as a gender mainstreaming tool in the EU.
在欧洲议会在欧洲议会多语言指南(2008年)中采用性别中立语言的十年前,欧盟委员会翻译总局已经在其第三版英语风格指南(1998年)中包含了关于这一主题的部分。原文后来在其他欧盟风格指南中转载,即《机构间风格指南》、《欧盟委员会风格指南》和《欧盟委员会包容性沟通指南》,但由于政治和宗教方面的抱怨,这些指南在出版后不久就被撤回。经过四分之一个世纪,这些指导方针在各自的更新中渐行渐远。当前的风格指南有哪些不一致之处?这些变化如何反映了包容性语言领域的发展?指南是否包括与欧盟语言学家相关的性别术语和表达?统一的欧盟语言和机构性别歧视政策,以一套相关和连贯的语言指导方针来表达,对于实现和促进非性别歧视语言作为欧盟性别主流化工具的实施至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
(Sub)cultural specificity of fiction simile and the choice of translation strategy 小说明喻的亚文化特性与翻译策略选择
IF 0.4 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/topling-2022-0011
A. Martynyuk, E. Akhmedova
Abstract In this paper, we combine methodological tools of cognitive linguistics and translation studies to establish correlations between translation procedures applied to render English fiction similes into Ukrainian, and the (sub)cultural specificity of the conceptual mappings that license linguistic expression of the similes and prompt translators’ decisions in favour of foreignization or domestication. We revealed five translation procedures (retention, replacement, reduction, omission, and addition) that contribute to foreignization or domestication (complete compulsory or complete optional, and partial compulsory or partial optional). Foreignization presupposes retention of a source-text simile based on a (sub)culture-specific conceptual mapping. Complete compulsory domestication entails replacement, reduction or omission of such a simile. Partial compulsory domestication involves retention of a (sub)culture-specific simile with implicit or explicit explanation of its sense. Complete optional domestication realizes as replacement, reduction or omission of a source-text simile that does not bear any (sub)cultural specificity as well as addition of a simile in the target text to translate a source-text utterance containing no simile. Partial optional domestication implies combining retention of a simile bearing no (sub)cultural specificity with implicit or explicit explanation of its sense.
摘要在本文中,我们结合认知语言学和翻译研究的方法论工具,建立了将英语小说明喻翻译成乌克兰语的翻译程序之间的相关性,以及概念映射的(亚)文化特异性,这些概念映射允许明喻的语言表达,并促使译者做出有利于异化或归化的决定。我们揭示了五种有助于异化或归化的翻译程序(保留、替换、减少、省略和添加)(完全强制或完全可选,以及部分强制或部分可选)。异化以保留源文本明喻为前提,基于特定于(亚)文化的概念映射。完全的强制性本土化需要替换、减少或省略这样的比喻。部分强制归化包括保留一个(亚)文化特定的明喻,并对其意义进行隐含或明确的解释。完全可选的归化实现为替换、减少或省略不具有任何(亚)文化特性的源文本明喻,以及在目标文本中添加明喻,以翻译不包含明喻的源文本话语。部分选择性归化意味着将保留一个没有(亚)文化特征的明喻与对其意义的隐含或显性解释相结合。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of imitation and self-imitation practice on L2 pronunciation progress 模仿和自我模仿练习对二语发音进步的影响
IF 0.4 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/topling-2022-0008
E. Kusz
Abstract The major aim of the current study is to verify whether an interdependence between self-imitation practice and L2 pronunciation improvement in the process of second-language acquisition is stronger than traditional imitation tasks. 35 Polish students of Applied Linguistics (at English level B2+) divided into two groups performed imitation and self-imitation exercises in order to improve their L2 pronunciation skills. Three acoustic parameters were considered, namely, articulation rate, speech rate and average syllable duration. The results of the research have revealed that there is a significant interdependence between L2 pronunciation improvement and self-imitation training in terms of speech rate. The outcomes of the research are in line with Ding et al. (2019), De Meo et al.’s (2013), and Felps et al.’s (2009) assertion that the better the match between learners’ voices and their modified equivalents, the more positive impact there is on L2 pronunciation training.
摘要本研究的主要目的是验证二语习得过程中自我模仿练习与二语发音改善之间的相互依赖性是否比传统的模仿任务更强。35名波兰应用语言学学生(英语水平B2+)分为两组进行模仿和自我模仿练习,以提高他们的第二语言发音技能。考虑了三个声学参数,即发音率、语速和平均音节时长。研究结果表明,在语速方面,二语发音的提高与自我模仿训练之间存在着显著的相互依存关系。研究结果与Ding et al.(2019)、De Meo et al.(2013)和Felps et al.(2009)的观点一致,即学习者的语音与其修改后的对等语音匹配得越好,对二语发音训练的积极影响就越大。
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引用次数: 0
An investigation into the use of metadiscourse in undergraduates’ abstracts in social sciences 元语篇在大学生社会科学摘要中的运用研究
IF 0.4 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/topling-2022-0010
Ruonan Lin, G. Al-Shaibani
Abstract There is very little research on the use of metadiscourse markers in abstracts across different disciplines (especially in a single study) in the research of undergraduates as novice researchers, and little qualitative research has been done on the topic in EFL and ESL contexts altogether. Thus, the purpose of this study is to examine the use of metadiscourse markers in EFL and ESL undergraduates’ abstracts in social sciences across three disciplines (English Language and Communication, Mass Communication, and Psychology) in the Faculty of Social Sciences and Liberal Arts at UCSI University, a Malaysian private university. We adopt Hyland’s (2005) interpersonal model which involves two main categories – interactive metadiscourse and interactional metadiscourse – to analyse all 62 abstracts collected from the 2016 Colloquium held at the faculty. The method used is qualitative to categorize the metadiscourse markers accordingly as well as counting their frequencies. The findings showed that the interactional metadiscourse markers were used nearly twice as often as the interactive discourse markers for the three disciplines, and the most used markers are boosters. The most used interactive metadiscourse markers are transitions, followed by frame markers, evidentials, code glosses, and endophoric markers. The findings can be used by ESL and EFL instructors when teaching students learning argumentative writing and research writing to use metadiscourse markers to make arguments and write proper critiques to reflect their stance and voice. This research adds some insights into this neglected genre of academic discourse at the undergraduate level.
在以本科生为研究新手的研究中,关于不同学科摘要中元话语标记的使用的研究很少(特别是在单一研究中),而且在EFL和ESL语境中对这一主题的定性研究也很少。因此,本研究的目的是考察马来西亚私立大学UCSI大学社会科学与文科学院的英语和ESL本科生在三个学科(英语语言与传播、大众传播和心理学)的社会科学摘要中元话语标记的使用情况。我们采用Hyland(2005)的人际关系模型,该模型涉及两个主要类别——互动元话语和互动元话语——来分析2016年在学院举行的研讨会上收集的所有62篇摘要。本文采用定性的方法对元话语标记进行分类,并对其频率进行统计。研究发现,在三个学科中,交互元话语标记的使用频率几乎是交互话语标记的两倍,其中使用最多的是助推器标记。最常用的交互式元话语标记是过渡,其次是框架标记、证据、代码注释和内源性标记。研究结果可供ESL和EFL教师在教授学生学习议论文写作和研究性写作时使用元话语标记来进行论证,并撰写适当的评论来反映他们的立场和声音。本研究对这种被忽视的本科学术话语类型增加了一些见解。
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引用次数: 0
Studying the vocabulary of reggaeton song lyrics 学习雷鬼音乐歌词词汇
IF 0.4 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/topling-2022-0012
P. Vaňková
Abstract This paper studies the lyrics of reggaeton songs. Reggaeton is a popular genre nowadays, especially among young people. Its songs contain a very rich and sometimes surprising vocabulary. That was the reason for choosing this topic: to understand this genre of songs and their lyrics. Thus the purpose of this paper is to discover the meaning of the words used in the songs of this genre, to clarify the main vocabulary characteristics and to point out to the differences between the Spanish spoken in Latin America and Spain. In the analysis, specialized dictionaries were used to reveal the meaning of particular expressions. Attention was paid to expressions which are different from European Spanish as well as to English borrowings (anglicisms). Fifteen reggaeton songs from three countries (Puerto Rico, Cuba and Colombia) were chosen. Our findings showed that in each group (Puerto Rican, Cuban and Colombian), words typical of each of these countries were used in the songs. Anglicisms were also present, although to a different extent in each group.
摘要本文研究雷鬼歌曲的歌词。Reggaeton是当今流行的流派,尤其是在年轻人中。它的歌曲包含了非常丰富,有时甚至令人惊讶的词汇。这就是选择这个主题的原因:了解这种类型的歌曲及其歌词。因此,本文的目的是发现这一类型歌曲中使用的词语的含义,阐明主要的词汇特征,并指出拉丁美洲和西班牙西班牙语之间的差异。在分析中,使用了专门的词典来揭示特定表达的含义。人们注意到与欧洲西班牙语不同的表达方式以及英语借词(英语化)。来自三个国家(波多黎各、古巴和哥伦比亚)的15首雷鬼歌曲被选中。我们的研究结果表明,在每一组(波多黎各、古巴和哥伦比亚)中,歌曲中都使用了这些国家的典型词汇。圣公会也存在,尽管每组的程度不同。
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引用次数: 0
Glossing an argument: Reformulation and exemplification in L2 Master’s theses 阐释论点:第二语言硕士论文的重新表述与例证
IF 0.4 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/topling-2022-0009
Tereza Guziurová
Abstract Following a large body of research on metadiscourse in academic writing, this paper explores one feature of textual metadiscourse, code glosses, in English L2 academic texts written by Czech university students. The study draws on Hyland’s metadiscourse model (2005), which characterizes code glosses as devices that elaborate propositional meanings by rephrasing or explaining what has been said. Thus, they can help readers understand the writer’s intended meaning or contribute to the formation of persuasive arguments. The corpus consists of 48 English L2 Master’s theses representing three disciplines – linguistics, literature and English language teaching (ELT) methodology, totalling almost 950,000 words. The results are compared with professional writing represented by English L1 research articles from the same disciplines. The findings reveal differences in the frequency and functions of several code glosses, as novice writers are shown to overuse certain devices. The findings also indicate cross-disciplinary variation, as reformulation and exemplification proved to be much more prominent in linguistics and methodology than in literary studies.
在对学术写作中的元话语进行了大量研究之后,本文探讨了捷克大学生英语第二语言学术语篇中的元话语特征——语码注释。该研究借鉴了Hyland的元话语模型(2005),该模型将代码注释描述为通过重新措辞或解释所说内容来阐述命题意义的手段。因此,它们可以帮助读者理解作者的意图或有助于形成有说服力的论点。该语料库包括48篇英语第二语言硕士论文,代表语言学、文学和英语教学(ELT)方法论三个学科,总计近95万字。并将结果与以同一学科的英语母语研究文章为代表的专业写作进行了比较。研究结果揭示了几种代码修饰的频率和功能的差异,因为新手作者被证明过度使用某些设备。研究结果还表明了跨学科的差异,因为重新表述和例证在语言学和方法论中比在文学研究中更为突出。
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引用次数: 0
Forms and functions of self-repetitions in spoken discourse: A corpus linguistics analysis of L1 and L2 English 口语中自我重复的形式与功能——一、二语英语语料库语言学分析
IF 0.4 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/topling-2022-0007
Ilyas Yakut, Fatma Yuvayapan
Abstract Self-repetitions as a compensation strategy potentially have a powerful influence on maintaining communication in L1 and L2 contexts. By subjecting two comparable corpora to contrastive interlanguage analysis, in the present study we explored the use of self-repetitions by L1 speakers of English and Turkish speakers of English and their structural and functional distributions. The results indicated that while L1 English speakers tended to utilize repetitions as fillers, L2 English speakers employed considerably more repetitions as self-initiated self-repairs. The results of the study suggest that, despite being used for different purposes, self-repetition occurs in L1 and L2 English speech indicating that self-repetitions cannot be associated with disfluency as long as they do not hinder the flow of speech. For this reason, raising L2 learners’ awareness might help them prevent breakdowns in L2 communication.
摘要自我重复作为一种补偿策略,可能对在L1和L2语境中保持沟通产生强大影响。本研究通过对两个可比较的语料库进行中介语对比分析,探讨了母语为英语和土耳其语的人使用自我重复的情况及其结构和功能分布。结果表明,一级英语使用者倾向于使用重复作为填充,而二级英语使用者则使用相当多的重复作为自我启动的自我修复。研究结果表明,尽管被用于不同的目的,但一级和二级英语语音中都会出现自我重复,这表明只要自我重复不阻碍语音的流动,就不会与流利性有关。因此,提高二语学习者的意识可能有助于他们防止二语交际中的障碍。
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引用次数: 1
Keep social distance: The linguistic landscape of the major malls in Jeddah amid the COVID-19 pandemic 保持社交距离:新冠肺炎大流行期间吉达主要购物中心的语言景观
IF 0.4 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/topling-2022-0004
N. Lacsina, Aiden Yeh
Abstract This study examines the linguistic landscape of the two major malls in Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, through social distancing posters and signs during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study draws on the conceptual framework of linguistic landscape theory, speech acts and semiotics to unveil language dominance, linguistic messages, image-text relations and poster elements that enforce social distancing. A survey questionnaire, primarily aimed at expats, was also administered to find out how they view and interpret the use of bilingual modes in disseminating the social distancing measures. The semiotic analysis reveals that Arabic and English are used in most of the posters, but Arabic remains the dominant language and the preferred medium of information dissemination. Speech acts analysis shows that representatives and directives facilitate implementation of social distancing. The findings also suggest that semiotic modes and signifiers (inscription and materiality) reinforce the effectiveness of the posters. Overall, the use of Arabic and English reflects the country’s stance on language policy and economic vision for Jeddah to be a truly global city amid the pandemic.
本研究通过2019冠状病毒病大流行期间的社交距离海报和标志,考察了沙特阿拉伯王国吉达两大商场的语言景观。本研究利用语言景观理论、言语行为和符号学的概念框架,揭示了语言优势、语言信息、图像-文本关系和海报元素对社会距离的影响。还进行了一项主要针对外籍人士的调查问卷,以了解他们如何看待和解释在传播社交距离措施时使用双语模式。符号学分析表明,大多数海报使用阿拉伯语和英语,但阿拉伯语仍然是主要语言和首选的信息传播媒介。言语行为分析表明,代表和指示有利于社会距离的实施。研究结果还表明,符号学模式和能指(铭文和物质性)加强了海报的有效性。总体而言,使用阿拉伯语和英语反映了该国在语言政策和经济愿景方面的立场,即吉达在大流行期间成为一个真正的全球城市。
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引用次数: 1
The interpretation module in the framework of the cognitive-discursive model of diachronic plurality in the translation of Shakespeare’s plays 莎士比亚戏剧翻译中历时多元认知话语模式框架下的阐释模块
IF 0.4 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/topling-2022-0001
Yana V. Boiko
Abstract The article offers procedures for the linguistic and cognitive modelling of diachronic plurality in the translation of Shakespeare’s plays. Cognitive-discursive analysis is provided to reveal different interpretations of Shakespeare’s ideas embodied in chronologically distant retranslations produced by Ukrainian translators in different historical periods, namely, by Panteleimon Kulish at the end of the 19th century, Leonid Hrebinka in the 1930s, and Yurii Andrukhovych at the beginning of the 21st century. The research proposes the interpretation module as a component part of the cognitive-discursive model of diachronic plurality in translation, presented as a two-component structure consisting of invariant components such as genre, characters and plot, and variant components including historically different social and cultural contexts of Ukrainian retranslations, different literary styles of the corresponding epochs, and translators’ creative personalities. The research postulates the idea that the linguistic and cognitive modelling procedure of the interpretation module is an effective tool in reconstructing the conceptual content of Shakespeare’s plays in chronologically distant Ukrainian retranslations.
摘要本文为莎士比亚戏剧翻译中历时多元性的语言和认知建模提供了程序。认知话语分析揭示了乌克兰翻译家在不同历史时期,即19世纪末的潘特莱蒙·库利什、20世纪30年代的列昂尼德·赫雷宾卡和21世纪初的尤里·安德鲁霍维奇,对莎士比亚思想的不同解释,体现在按时间顺序遥远的重译中。本研究提出,口译模块是翻译中历时多元认知话语模型的一个组成部分,呈现为一个由体裁、人物和情节等不变成分组成的双成分结构,以及包括乌克兰语重译历史上不同的社会和文化背景的变体成分,不同时代的文学风格,译者的创作个性。该研究假设,口译模块的语言和认知建模程序是在按时间顺序遥远的乌克兰语重译中重建莎士比亚戏剧概念内容的有效工具。
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引用次数: 3
期刊
Topics in Linguistics
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