Pub Date : 2018-04-30DOI: 10.1080/21931674.2018.1463060
Dominik Herzner
Abstract German Schools abroad are a place of transnational education (TNE). The aim of this article is to depict the main historical developments those schools have in common and to provide ideas on how their history can enrich studies on transnational education. Their history from the middle of the nineteenth to the end of the twentieth century shows various effects of TNE on the micro-level because these schools are situated in a bi-national surrounding and have to find their own answers to national, denominational, political or educational questions. Although they are private institutions, they are not independent from the state, because Germany is subsidizing them.
{"title":"A historical account of German schools abroad as providers of transnational education","authors":"Dominik Herzner","doi":"10.1080/21931674.2018.1463060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21931674.2018.1463060","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract German Schools abroad are a place of transnational education (TNE). The aim of this article is to depict the main historical developments those schools have in common and to provide ideas on how their history can enrich studies on transnational education. Their history from the middle of the nineteenth to the end of the twentieth century shows various effects of TNE on the micro-level because these schools are situated in a bi-national surrounding and have to find their own answers to national, denominational, political or educational questions. Although they are private institutions, they are not independent from the state, because Germany is subsidizing them.","PeriodicalId":413830,"journal":{"name":"Transnational Social Review","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129509068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-30DOI: 10.1080/21931674.2018.1463056
Javier A. Carnicer
Abstract This paper discusses the role of transnational family networks for migration and educational trajectories between Brazil and Germany. The affiliation network and migration chain of a transnational family was reconstructed in order to analyze the influence of bonds and social networks within the extended family. Analysis and comparison of individual educational and migration trajectories provide insights into the support and influence of the transnational family network, as well as into orientations and reasons for migration. In most of the cases analyzed here, educational opportunities were an important element of the motivation to migrate. The discussion of the results illustrates how they could contribute to a concept of transnational education.
{"title":"Transnational family and educational trajectories","authors":"Javier A. Carnicer","doi":"10.1080/21931674.2018.1463056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21931674.2018.1463056","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper discusses the role of transnational family networks for migration and educational trajectories between Brazil and Germany. The affiliation network and migration chain of a transnational family was reconstructed in order to analyze the influence of bonds and social networks within the extended family. Analysis and comparison of individual educational and migration trajectories provide insights into the support and influence of the transnational family network, as well as into orientations and reasons for migration. In most of the cases analyzed here, educational opportunities were an important element of the motivation to migrate. The discussion of the results illustrates how they could contribute to a concept of transnational education.","PeriodicalId":413830,"journal":{"name":"Transnational Social Review","volume":"23 37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121596738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-25DOI: 10.1080/21931674.2018.1463058
S. Kesper-Biermann, M. Leung, Vanaja Nethi, Thusinta Somalingam
Transnational Education (TNE) combines two broad terms, “transnational” and “education.” The meaning and purpose of “education” has been forced to evolve to meet the needs of the early twenty-first century with its significant advances in information technology and unprecedented access to knowledge. “Transnational” on the other hand emphasizes the development of cross-border movements of people, institutions, systems and programs that have led to many new phenomena. The guest editors of this special issue come from different academic disciplines and backgrounds. We believe that a more in-depth understanding of the intricate tapestry of TNE requires study from various perspectives including historical, migratory, as well as social work research. Hence, in this issue we have attempted to provide an interdisciplinary view on, and understanding of, Transnational Education (TNE) that includes definitions and perspectives derived from research in education, historical studies, and human geography and migration research. First and foremost, the modern nation state and the modern educational system, which is associated with state regulation, professionally trained teachers, binding curricula and compulsory schooling, only emerged from the beginning of the nineteenth century. The nation-building process and the formation of school institutions are inseparably interwoven. Education is primarily classified as a national endeavor. It is a tool for nation-building and cultural homogenization and for the “creation and reproduction of citizens who carry and continue this project” (Adick, 2005, p. 245; Radtke, 2008). Legitimacy and acknowledgement of educational institutions by nation states always depend on their orientation toward, and integration into a nationally regulated education system. However, in recent times we see that education is increasingly shaped and institutionalized transnationally. Transnationalism is not a modern phenomenon, but looking through a transnational lens is a new approach. The focus topic of this issue is based on a broad understanding of the term “transnational.” According to the Palgrave Dictionary of Transnational History, it refers to “people, ideas, products, processes and patterns that operate over, across, through, beyond, above, under, or in-between polities and societies” or addresses “the flows of people, goods, ideas or processes that stretched over borders” (Iriye & Saunier, 2009). Border-crossing is not limited to crossing nation states but covers a wide range of geographical, political,
跨国教育(TNE)结合了“跨国”和“教育”两个广义术语。“教育”的意义和目的被迫演变，以满足二十一世纪初信息技术的重大进步和前所未有的知识获取的需要。另一方面，“跨国”强调了导致许多新现象的人员、机构、系统和计划的跨境流动的发展。本期特刊的特邀编辑来自不同的学科和背景。我们认为，要更深入地了解错综复杂的TNE织锦，需要从不同的角度进行研究，包括历史、迁徙和社会工作研究。因此，在本期中，我们试图提供一种跨学科的视角来看待和理解跨国教育(TNE)，其中包括来自教育、历史研究、人文地理和移民研究的定义和观点。首先也是最重要的是，现代民族国家和现代教育体系，与国家监管、专业培训的教师、有约束力的课程和义务教育相关联，直到19世纪初才出现。国家建设过程与学校制度的形成有着密不可分的联系。教育主要被归类为国家事业。它是国家建设和文化同质化的工具，也是“承载和继续这个项目的公民的创造和再生产”的工具(Adick, 2005, p. 245;Radtke, 2008)。民族国家对教育机构的合法性和认可度往往取决于它们是否面向并融入国家规范的教育体系。然而，近年来，我们看到教育越来越多地在跨国范围内形成和制度化。跨国主义不是一种现代现象，但从跨国的角度来看是一种新的方法。本期的焦点话题是基于对“跨国”一词的广泛理解。根据《帕尔格雷夫跨国历史词典》(Palgrave Dictionary of Transnational History)，它指的是“在政治和社会之上、跨越、通过、超越、之上、之下或中间运作的人、思想、产品、过程和模式”，或者指的是“跨越国界的人、货物、思想或过程的流动”(Iriye & Saunier, 2009)。跨境并不局限于跨越民族国家，而是涵盖了广泛的地理、政治、
{"title":"Transnational education: teaching and learning across borders. An introduction","authors":"S. Kesper-Biermann, M. Leung, Vanaja Nethi, Thusinta Somalingam","doi":"10.1080/21931674.2018.1463058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21931674.2018.1463058","url":null,"abstract":"Transnational Education (TNE) combines two broad terms, “transnational” and “education.” The meaning and purpose of “education” has been forced to evolve to meet the needs of the early twenty-first century with its significant advances in information technology and unprecedented access to knowledge. “Transnational” on the other hand emphasizes the development of cross-border movements of people, institutions, systems and programs that have led to many new phenomena. The guest editors of this special issue come from different academic disciplines and backgrounds. We believe that a more in-depth understanding of the intricate tapestry of TNE requires study from various perspectives including historical, migratory, as well as social work research. Hence, in this issue we have attempted to provide an interdisciplinary view on, and understanding of, Transnational Education (TNE) that includes definitions and perspectives derived from research in education, historical studies, and human geography and migration research. First and foremost, the modern nation state and the modern educational system, which is associated with state regulation, professionally trained teachers, binding curricula and compulsory schooling, only emerged from the beginning of the nineteenth century. The nation-building process and the formation of school institutions are inseparably interwoven. Education is primarily classified as a national endeavor. It is a tool for nation-building and cultural homogenization and for the “creation and reproduction of citizens who carry and continue this project” (Adick, 2005, p. 245; Radtke, 2008). Legitimacy and acknowledgement of educational institutions by nation states always depend on their orientation toward, and integration into a nationally regulated education system. However, in recent times we see that education is increasingly shaped and institutionalized transnationally. Transnationalism is not a modern phenomenon, but looking through a transnational lens is a new approach. The focus topic of this issue is based on a broad understanding of the term “transnational.” According to the Palgrave Dictionary of Transnational History, it refers to “people, ideas, products, processes and patterns that operate over, across, through, beyond, above, under, or in-between polities and societies” or addresses “the flows of people, goods, ideas or processes that stretched over borders” (Iriye & Saunier, 2009). Border-crossing is not limited to crossing nation states but covers a wide range of geographical, political,","PeriodicalId":413830,"journal":{"name":"Transnational Social Review","volume":"108 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130724655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-02DOI: 10.1080/21931674.2018.1427664
Tao Liu
Abstract This article examines the development of occupational safety and health (OSH) at the transnational and global level, including work-accident insurance and protection against occupational diseases. Through delving into documents and treaties of major international organizations and other secondary literature, I conclude that a transnational labor regime has emerged in the early twentieth century, evolving gradually into a system of global labor protection since the establishment of the International Labour Organization (ILO). This conceptual discovery confirms the thesis of “global institutionalization” and “global isomorphism” raised by neo-institutionalist “world-society” theorists. Moreover, by adding the theoretical angles and methods of transnationalism to the global social policy study, I demonstrate how historical transnational interactions and linkages and Western European advocacy networks have contributed to the global institutionalization of labor protection. The major finding is that the peer-groups of Western European countries, and in particular Germany, have played a key role in global discourses, while the clout of the Bretton Woods institutions and the US in this arena is surprisingly minimal. Finally, this article calls for integrating transnational horizontal ties and interactions into the neo-institutionalist sociological theory.
{"title":"Occupational safety and health as a global challenge: From transnational social movements to a world social policy","authors":"Tao Liu","doi":"10.1080/21931674.2018.1427664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21931674.2018.1427664","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article examines the development of occupational safety and health (OSH) at the transnational and global level, including work-accident insurance and protection against occupational diseases. Through delving into documents and treaties of major international organizations and other secondary literature, I conclude that a transnational labor regime has emerged in the early twentieth century, evolving gradually into a system of global labor protection since the establishment of the International Labour Organization (ILO). This conceptual discovery confirms the thesis of “global institutionalization” and “global isomorphism” raised by neo-institutionalist “world-society” theorists. Moreover, by adding the theoretical angles and methods of transnationalism to the global social policy study, I demonstrate how historical transnational interactions and linkages and Western European advocacy networks have contributed to the global institutionalization of labor protection. The major finding is that the peer-groups of Western European countries, and in particular Germany, have played a key role in global discourses, while the clout of the Bretton Woods institutions and the US in this arena is surprisingly minimal. Finally, this article calls for integrating transnational horizontal ties and interactions into the neo-institutionalist sociological theory.","PeriodicalId":413830,"journal":{"name":"Transnational Social Review","volume":"224 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122483649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-02DOI: 10.1080/21931674.2018.1427679
Angelika Poferl
Abstract The framework of human rights is becoming increasingly central to perceptions of global problems and to demands for transnational solidarity. At the same time, human rights are an object of criticism. In both cases, the term “human rights” is often used with a strong normative and essentialist bias. When viewed through the lens of a sociology of knowing, it proves to be based on implicit, unexamined assumptions. The aim of this paper is to reconstruct these assumptions and to clarify the social meaning of – and need for – human rights in a reflexive, cosmopolitan modernity; it investigates the construction and constitution of human beings as human rights subjects. What makes an individual a human being in the sense in which the term is used in the symbolic language of human rights? What conception of the human (and hence of the social) is inscribed in the patterns of thought, feeling and action underlying the framework of human rights? I argue that the human rights subject represents an ultimate status category and transnational figure of knowledge. It is a post-heroic subject, determined and defined by cosmopolitan entitlements: the ontological state of vulnerability, the cultural primacy of dignity and the fragility of human existence.
{"title":"Cosmopolitan entitlements. The construction and constitution of human beings as human rights subjects","authors":"Angelika Poferl","doi":"10.1080/21931674.2018.1427679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21931674.2018.1427679","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The framework of human rights is becoming increasingly central to perceptions of global problems and to demands for transnational solidarity. At the same time, human rights are an object of criticism. In both cases, the term “human rights” is often used with a strong normative and essentialist bias. When viewed through the lens of a sociology of knowing, it proves to be based on implicit, unexamined assumptions. The aim of this paper is to reconstruct these assumptions and to clarify the social meaning of – and need for – human rights in a reflexive, cosmopolitan modernity; it investigates the construction and constitution of human beings as human rights subjects. What makes an individual a human being in the sense in which the term is used in the symbolic language of human rights? What conception of the human (and hence of the social) is inscribed in the patterns of thought, feeling and action underlying the framework of human rights? I argue that the human rights subject represents an ultimate status category and transnational figure of knowledge. It is a post-heroic subject, determined and defined by cosmopolitan entitlements: the ontological state of vulnerability, the cultural primacy of dignity and the fragility of human existence.","PeriodicalId":413830,"journal":{"name":"Transnational Social Review","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121573414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-02DOI: 10.1080/21931674.2018.1429080
Désirée Bender, Tina Hollstein, C. Schweppe
International retirement migration has become a multifaceted field of research since the end of the twentieth century. The term refers to mobilities in old age to other countries, upon reaching retirement age. It can be unior bidirectional, permanent or temporary (Braun & Recchi, 2008; Schneider, 2010). The findings of previous research on international retirement migration have repeatedly pointed out that it is mainly “amenity-seeking migrants” or “lifestyle migrants” who choose this option upon retirement. Seeking a better quality of life, older people from richer countries relocate to other countries with more pleasant climatic conditions, attractive landscapes and a wide range of recreational activities (Nokielski, 2005). In the past 20 years, many studies have shown that it is often people with an above-average level of income who opt for international retirement migration, often as couples (Gibler, Casado-Díaz, Casado-Díaz, Rodríguez, & Taltavull, 2009; Kaiser, 2011). They are described as “affluent individuals migrating in search of a better way of life” (Benson & O’Reilly, 2009, p. 609). Research has paid particular attention to the migration of older people from Northern and Central European countries to the Mediterranean region, in particular to Spain (Breuer, 2005; Buchta, 2009; Gustafson, 2008; Huber & O'Reilly, 2004; Kaiser, 2011; O’Reilly, 2000). More recently, a new development has been emerging in international retirement migration. Countries that make up the “global South” are increasingly becoming preferred destinations, including countries located in Southeast Asia (Toyota & Xiang, 2012), South America (Dixon, Murray, & Gelatt, 2006; Hayes, 2014, 2015) and Africa (Chege, 2014). An increasing number of countries, especially in Southeast Asia (for example, Malaysia, Thailand, the Philippines) and in Latin America (for instance Costa Rica, Panama, Ecuador, Mexico), have established government programs to promote retirement migration, for example by facilitating visa or residence permits for older people from abroad or by offering tax and price benefits. Apart from some isolated studies, these countries have played a marginal role in retirement migration research to date. Based on our research on international retirement migration of older German-speaking people from European countries, notably from Germany and Switzerland, to Thailand, we show that there are strong empirical indications that, rather than a search for a better lifestyle, these more recent migration processes are often motivated by social and financial problems, along with constraints in the countries of origin, and the older people’s hope to solve or alleviate those problems. Isolated studies confirm this result (see below). Our research, which
{"title":"International retirement migration revisited: From amenity seeking to precarity migration?","authors":"Désirée Bender, Tina Hollstein, C. Schweppe","doi":"10.1080/21931674.2018.1429080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21931674.2018.1429080","url":null,"abstract":"International retirement migration has become a multifaceted field of research since the end of the twentieth century. The term refers to mobilities in old age to other countries, upon reaching retirement age. It can be unior bidirectional, permanent or temporary (Braun & Recchi, 2008; Schneider, 2010). The findings of previous research on international retirement migration have repeatedly pointed out that it is mainly “amenity-seeking migrants” or “lifestyle migrants” who choose this option upon retirement. Seeking a better quality of life, older people from richer countries relocate to other countries with more pleasant climatic conditions, attractive landscapes and a wide range of recreational activities (Nokielski, 2005). In the past 20 years, many studies have shown that it is often people with an above-average level of income who opt for international retirement migration, often as couples (Gibler, Casado-Díaz, Casado-Díaz, Rodríguez, & Taltavull, 2009; Kaiser, 2011). They are described as “affluent individuals migrating in search of a better way of life” (Benson & O’Reilly, 2009, p. 609). Research has paid particular attention to the migration of older people from Northern and Central European countries to the Mediterranean region, in particular to Spain (Breuer, 2005; Buchta, 2009; Gustafson, 2008; Huber & O'Reilly, 2004; Kaiser, 2011; O’Reilly, 2000). More recently, a new development has been emerging in international retirement migration. Countries that make up the “global South” are increasingly becoming preferred destinations, including countries located in Southeast Asia (Toyota & Xiang, 2012), South America (Dixon, Murray, & Gelatt, 2006; Hayes, 2014, 2015) and Africa (Chege, 2014). An increasing number of countries, especially in Southeast Asia (for example, Malaysia, Thailand, the Philippines) and in Latin America (for instance Costa Rica, Panama, Ecuador, Mexico), have established government programs to promote retirement migration, for example by facilitating visa or residence permits for older people from abroad or by offering tax and price benefits. Apart from some isolated studies, these countries have played a marginal role in retirement migration research to date. Based on our research on international retirement migration of older German-speaking people from European countries, notably from Germany and Switzerland, to Thailand, we show that there are strong empirical indications that, rather than a search for a better lifestyle, these more recent migration processes are often motivated by social and financial problems, along with constraints in the countries of origin, and the older people’s hope to solve or alleviate those problems. Isolated studies confirm this result (see below). Our research, which","PeriodicalId":413830,"journal":{"name":"Transnational Social Review","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121623157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-02DOI: 10.1080/21931674.2018.1427665
B. Buschmann
Abstract This article explores matching as a psycho-pedagogical technology of child placement in transnational adoption. Drawing on empirical data and theoretical linkages to governmentality and biopolitics, I argue how the production of transnationally powerful knowledge becomes a crucial strategy in attempts to bridge contingencies, to manage risk and to legitimize action and decision-making. Professional judgment builds on knowledge produced through classification, categorization, flexibilization and redefinition of categories applied to govern bodies and family formation. This entails ethical interventions such as regulating the possibility to choose a desired (ethnicized, gendered, non-/psychologized, non-/medicalized) child available for adoption. Thereby, technologies of guidance are geared towards the assessment of parenting and coping capacities, moral conduct and “intercultural qualification” for adoption. As will be shown, matching becomes a matter of knowing for both professionals and prospective parents.
{"title":"Building on precarious knowledge: The governing of family formation through matching practice in transnational adoption","authors":"B. Buschmann","doi":"10.1080/21931674.2018.1427665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21931674.2018.1427665","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article explores matching as a psycho-pedagogical technology of child placement in transnational adoption. Drawing on empirical data and theoretical linkages to governmentality and biopolitics, I argue how the production of transnationally powerful knowledge becomes a crucial strategy in attempts to bridge contingencies, to manage risk and to legitimize action and decision-making. Professional judgment builds on knowledge produced through classification, categorization, flexibilization and redefinition of categories applied to govern bodies and family formation. This entails ethical interventions such as regulating the possibility to choose a desired (ethnicized, gendered, non-/psychologized, non-/medicalized) child available for adoption. Thereby, technologies of guidance are geared towards the assessment of parenting and coping capacities, moral conduct and “intercultural qualification” for adoption. As will be shown, matching becomes a matter of knowing for both professionals and prospective parents.","PeriodicalId":413830,"journal":{"name":"Transnational Social Review","volume":"28 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129949868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-02DOI: 10.1080/21931674.2018.1427834
B. Haas, A. Repenning
Abstract International volunteering for development programs (V4D) are on the rise. Weltwärts is by far the largest program in Germany, with thousands of participants. These programs constitute transnational arenas of knowledge production, as their networks transcend nation-states boundaries and produce rules, ideas, and knowledge that travel through these networks. V4D programs claim to contribute to knowledge production. In this article, we examine how and where knowledge is created, shaped, and contested within the weltwärts program. To do so, we analyze documents, secondary data, two qualitative case studies, and informal interviews with stakeholders. We draw on postcolonial theory and the literature on transnational knowledge in order to analyze possibilities for transnational knowledge production, as well as its challenges and barriers. We argue that unequal power relations lead to structural underrepresentation of perspectives and knowledge of stakeholders from the global South, despite the good will of numerous stakeholders in the North. However, we also note that stakeholders in the South have started to claim such opportunities for participation and even organize their own spaces of knowledge production and networking. We conclude that developing transnational understandings of concepts like development, decision-making processes in transnational settings must critically reflect upon and overcome postcolonial power structures.
{"title":"Transnational knowledge in volunteering for development – A postcolonial approach to weltwärts","authors":"B. Haas, A. Repenning","doi":"10.1080/21931674.2018.1427834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21931674.2018.1427834","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract International volunteering for development programs (V4D) are on the rise. Weltwärts is by far the largest program in Germany, with thousands of participants. These programs constitute transnational arenas of knowledge production, as their networks transcend nation-states boundaries and produce rules, ideas, and knowledge that travel through these networks. V4D programs claim to contribute to knowledge production. In this article, we examine how and where knowledge is created, shaped, and contested within the weltwärts program. To do so, we analyze documents, secondary data, two qualitative case studies, and informal interviews with stakeholders. We draw on postcolonial theory and the literature on transnational knowledge in order to analyze possibilities for transnational knowledge production, as well as its challenges and barriers. We argue that unequal power relations lead to structural underrepresentation of perspectives and knowledge of stakeholders from the global South, despite the good will of numerous stakeholders in the North. However, we also note that stakeholders in the South have started to claim such opportunities for participation and even organize their own spaces of knowledge production and networking. We conclude that developing transnational understandings of concepts like development, decision-making processes in transnational settings must critically reflect upon and overcome postcolonial power structures.","PeriodicalId":413830,"journal":{"name":"Transnational Social Review","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115902413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-02DOI: 10.1080/21931674.2018.1425069
C. Kam
important source of new light on analyses on state building, constitutional development, and democratization. It is a rich resource vis-à-vis issues pertaining to the evolution of legislation, regulations, and administrative practices on the citizenship status of individuals, as well as the various mechanisms of political participation for citizens. As such, it would be beneficial not only for those with a special interest in the former Yugoslavia, but, more broadly, to legal and social historians or scholars researching issues of citizenship, state building, constitutional development, and democratization.
{"title":"Diaspora and identity: Perspectives on South Asian diaspora","authors":"C. Kam","doi":"10.1080/21931674.2018.1425069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21931674.2018.1425069","url":null,"abstract":"important source of new light on analyses on state building, constitutional development, and democratization. It is a rich resource vis-à-vis issues pertaining to the evolution of legislation, regulations, and administrative practices on the citizenship status of individuals, as well as the various mechanisms of political participation for citizens. As such, it would be beneficial not only for those with a special interest in the former Yugoslavia, but, more broadly, to legal and social historians or scholars researching issues of citizenship, state building, constitutional development, and democratization.","PeriodicalId":413830,"journal":{"name":"Transnational Social Review","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127013171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-02DOI: 10.1080/21931674.2018.1427678
Bettina Mahlert
Abstract All major international development organizations have committed themselves to a pluralistic approach that allows for a diversity of context-specific development paths. In order to be more than a superficial fad, these commitments must be effectively translated into the infrastructure of transnational knowledge stocks. More specifically, only if influential global development indicators are de-Westernized will non-Western contributions to human well-being be statistically accessible. Building on this proposition, the paper analyzes the Human Development Index (HDI) through the lens of Luhmann’s account of modernity, exploring whether the index avoids a Western bias or not. While the background understandings of the HDI offer an innovative approach in this regard, in only one of three indicators that compose the HDI is this approach translated into corresponding numerical measures. Three factors contribute to this mixed result, which could be of more general relevance for understanding how transnational knowledge stocks evolve.
{"title":"Dividing what is particular from what is universal: The Human Development Index in a systems theoretical perspective","authors":"Bettina Mahlert","doi":"10.1080/21931674.2018.1427678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21931674.2018.1427678","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract All major international development organizations have committed themselves to a pluralistic approach that allows for a diversity of context-specific development paths. In order to be more than a superficial fad, these commitments must be effectively translated into the infrastructure of transnational knowledge stocks. More specifically, only if influential global development indicators are de-Westernized will non-Western contributions to human well-being be statistically accessible. Building on this proposition, the paper analyzes the Human Development Index (HDI) through the lens of Luhmann’s account of modernity, exploring whether the index avoids a Western bias or not. While the background understandings of the HDI offer an innovative approach in this regard, in only one of three indicators that compose the HDI is this approach translated into corresponding numerical measures. Three factors contribute to this mixed result, which could be of more general relevance for understanding how transnational knowledge stocks evolve.","PeriodicalId":413830,"journal":{"name":"Transnational Social Review","volume":"305 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134186629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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