Pub Date : 2004-09-01DOI: 10.4048/JKBCS.2004.7.3.154
I. Lee, Joon Jeong, Hang-Seok Chang, Byeong-Woo Park, W. Jung, S. Hong, K. Oh, Y. H. Ryu, H. Lee
Purpose: Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy has become a new standard procedure in the treatment of patients with early breast cancer. Furthermore, many institutions have begun offering the sentinel lymph node biopsy without simultaneous axillary dissection as a possible standard procedure when the SLN was free from tumors. For appropriate intraoperative decision making on the presence of cancer cells in axillary lymph nodes, a fast and accurate method to assess the SLN is required. The authors performed a prospective investigation of the relative merits of rapid cytokeratin immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of the SLN removed during the operations of breast cancer patients. Methods: Between December 2002 and August 2003, 38 patients with T1and T2 breast cancer were enrolled after undergoing successful sentinel lymph node biopsy. A total of 60 sentinel lymph nodes (mean number, 1.58) were biopsied and first examined by hematoxylin-eosin (HE7:154-160)
{"title":"Intraoperative Examination of Sentinel Lymph Nodes Using Rapid Cytokeratin Immunohistochemical Staining in Breast Cancer Patients","authors":"I. Lee, Joon Jeong, Hang-Seok Chang, Byeong-Woo Park, W. Jung, S. Hong, K. Oh, Y. H. Ryu, H. Lee","doi":"10.4048/JKBCS.2004.7.3.154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4048/JKBCS.2004.7.3.154","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy has become a new standard procedure in the treatment of patients with early breast cancer. Furthermore, many institutions have begun offering the sentinel lymph node biopsy without simultaneous axillary dissection as a possible standard procedure when the SLN was free from tumors. For appropriate intraoperative decision making on the presence of cancer cells in axillary lymph nodes, a fast and accurate method to assess the SLN is required. The authors performed a prospective investigation of the relative merits of rapid cytokeratin immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of the SLN removed during the operations of breast cancer patients. Methods: Between December 2002 and August 2003, 38 patients with T1and T2 breast cancer were enrolled after undergoing successful sentinel lymph node biopsy. A total of 60 sentinel lymph nodes (mean number, 1.58) were biopsied and first examined by hematoxylin-eosin (HE7:154-160)","PeriodicalId":414717,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Breast Cancer Society","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123514118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-09-01DOI: 10.4048/JKBCS.2004.7.3.148
Jung Man Kim, Tae Yoon Kim, Dan Song, S. Kim, M. Baek, Moon-Soo Lee, Chang Ho Kim, Seung-Ha Yang, Min-Hyuk Lee, M. Cho
암세포의 침윤과 전이에 세포부착인자(adhesion molecule) 가 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 알려지면서 암의 진행과정 예측에 있어 이들에 대한 관심이 고조되고 있다. 다양한 세포부착분자들에 의한 세포와 세포의 상호작용은 세포 의 기능과 분화에 아주 중요한 역할을 한다. 현재 세포 부착분자는 100가지 이상이 밝혀졌고 그 유전자도 복제 (clon)되어 cadherin, integrin, immunoglobulin superfamily, selectin, CD44 등 5군으로 나누어져 있으며, 이들 각 군의 분자는 생화학적, 유전학적 특징은 다르나, 기능은 서로 연관되어 있다.(1) 세포부착분자 중 cadherin은 가장 중요 한 칼슘-의존성(calcium-dependent) 부착인자로 동종성 상 호작용(homophilic interaction)에 의해 같은 종류의 세포끼 리 부착을 매개하는 단백질이며, 칼슘을 제거하면 트립신 (trypsin)에 의해 분해되는 칼슘-의존성 막 당단백질로, 면 역학적 성질과 분포하고 있는 조직에 따라서 현재 11종류 가 알려져 있다. 그중 E-cadherin은 모든 점막 상피의 세포 경계연에 국한하여 발현하여 상피의 구조를 유지하는 데 중요한 성분으로 이 분자는 세포 사이의 접착제 구실만 하는 것이 아니라, 세포 상호작용을 매개하여 조직의 구 조 형성과 유지, 그리고 태아 형태 발달에 중요한 역할을 한다.(2) 또한 하향조절(down-regulation)에 의해 활성도가 저하되면 상피세포가 서로 분리되어 침윤할 가능성이 높 아진다.(3) E-cadherin 발현의 감소 및 소실이 위암, 유방 암, 방광암, 전립선암, 대장암, 여성 생식기암 등 사람의 여러 암종에서 발견되었다. 이 중 유방암에서 E-cadherin 은 보고자들에 따라 약간의 차이는 있으나 50∼60%에서 발현 감소 및 소실을 보이고 있으며, 유방암에서 E-cadherin 발현의 소실 및 감소와 유형, 분화도, 림프절 전이여부의 관련성에 대한 많은 연구가 있으나 아직 논쟁의 대상이 유방암 환자에서 E-cadherin의 발현 및 임상적 의의
{"title":"Expression of E-cadherin and Clinical Correlation in Patients with Breast Carcinoma","authors":"Jung Man Kim, Tae Yoon Kim, Dan Song, S. Kim, M. Baek, Moon-Soo Lee, Chang Ho Kim, Seung-Ha Yang, Min-Hyuk Lee, M. Cho","doi":"10.4048/JKBCS.2004.7.3.148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4048/JKBCS.2004.7.3.148","url":null,"abstract":"암세포의 침윤과 전이에 세포부착인자(adhesion molecule) 가 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 알려지면서 암의 진행과정 예측에 있어 이들에 대한 관심이 고조되고 있다. 다양한 세포부착분자들에 의한 세포와 세포의 상호작용은 세포 의 기능과 분화에 아주 중요한 역할을 한다. 현재 세포 부착분자는 100가지 이상이 밝혀졌고 그 유전자도 복제 (clon)되어 cadherin, integrin, immunoglobulin superfamily, selectin, CD44 등 5군으로 나누어져 있으며, 이들 각 군의 분자는 생화학적, 유전학적 특징은 다르나, 기능은 서로 연관되어 있다.(1) 세포부착분자 중 cadherin은 가장 중요 한 칼슘-의존성(calcium-dependent) 부착인자로 동종성 상 호작용(homophilic interaction)에 의해 같은 종류의 세포끼 리 부착을 매개하는 단백질이며, 칼슘을 제거하면 트립신 (trypsin)에 의해 분해되는 칼슘-의존성 막 당단백질로, 면 역학적 성질과 분포하고 있는 조직에 따라서 현재 11종류 가 알려져 있다. 그중 E-cadherin은 모든 점막 상피의 세포 경계연에 국한하여 발현하여 상피의 구조를 유지하는 데 중요한 성분으로 이 분자는 세포 사이의 접착제 구실만 하는 것이 아니라, 세포 상호작용을 매개하여 조직의 구 조 형성과 유지, 그리고 태아 형태 발달에 중요한 역할을 한다.(2) 또한 하향조절(down-regulation)에 의해 활성도가 저하되면 상피세포가 서로 분리되어 침윤할 가능성이 높 아진다.(3) E-cadherin 발현의 감소 및 소실이 위암, 유방 암, 방광암, 전립선암, 대장암, 여성 생식기암 등 사람의 여러 암종에서 발견되었다. 이 중 유방암에서 E-cadherin 은 보고자들에 따라 약간의 차이는 있으나 50∼60%에서 발현 감소 및 소실을 보이고 있으며, 유방암에서 E-cadherin 발현의 소실 및 감소와 유형, 분화도, 림프절 전이여부의 관련성에 대한 많은 연구가 있으나 아직 논쟁의 대상이 유방암 환자에서 E-cadherin의 발현 및 임상적 의의","PeriodicalId":414717,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Breast Cancer Society","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128887807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-09-01DOI: 10.4048/JKBCS.2004.7.3.199
D. Sohn, Hyo-Won Lee, Tae Yun Kim, Dan Song, S. Kim, C. Lim, M. H. Lee
Purpose: Hyperthermia treatments (Laser, Macrowave, Microwave, Electromagnetic force, and Ultrasonic heating system etc.) haves been used for the purpose tof destroying the focus part of tumors. Interstitial Laser Photocoagulation (ILP), originally attempted by Bown in 1983, experimentally makes use of Nd:YAG Laser in breast cancer. This study attempted to evaluate the effect of ILP for the fibroadenomas of the breast under the local anesthesia. Methods: From the physical examination findings, breast ultrasonogram, mammogram and Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology of 74 unmarried women patients, diagnosed as having a fibroadenoma, which is a breast benign tumor, who took ILP treatment and could be followed up based on their medical records 62 were examined and analyzed. After checking the accurate positioning of the optical fiber in the tumor, through an ultrasonogram under the local anesthesia, the ILP treatment was conducted using a Diode Laser (Diomed Ltd.). Results: The aaverage age of the patients was 23 years, and the mean sizes of the tumors wereas 1.6 and 1.8 cm on physical examination and 1.8 cm on the ultrasonogram, respectively. There were significant decreases in the clinical and sonographic sizes following the treatment (P<0.05, P< 0.01). From a comparison of the tumor sizes before and after the ILP treatment, the tumor reduction rates from the physical examination and ultrasonogram findings were 92 and 80%, respectively, when the size of the tumors was below 1 cm, and the disappearance rates were 92% and 80%, respectively, when the size of the tumors was below 1 cm. Conclusion: Interstitial laser photocoagulation is a safe, precise, minimally invasive, and cosmetic procedure for the in situ destruction of breast fibroadenomas. (Journal of Korean Breast Cancer Society 2004;7:199-204)
{"title":"Treatment of Breast Fibroadenoma with Interstitial Laser Photocoagulation","authors":"D. Sohn, Hyo-Won Lee, Tae Yun Kim, Dan Song, S. Kim, C. Lim, M. H. Lee","doi":"10.4048/JKBCS.2004.7.3.199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4048/JKBCS.2004.7.3.199","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Hyperthermia treatments (Laser, Macrowave, Microwave, Electromagnetic force, and Ultrasonic heating system etc.) haves been used for the purpose tof destroying the focus part of tumors. Interstitial Laser Photocoagulation (ILP), originally attempted by Bown in 1983, experimentally makes use of Nd:YAG Laser in breast cancer. This study attempted to evaluate the effect of ILP for the fibroadenomas of the breast under the local anesthesia. Methods: From the physical examination findings, breast ultrasonogram, mammogram and Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology of 74 unmarried women patients, diagnosed as having a fibroadenoma, which is a breast benign tumor, who took ILP treatment and could be followed up based on their medical records 62 were examined and analyzed. After checking the accurate positioning of the optical fiber in the tumor, through an ultrasonogram under the local anesthesia, the ILP treatment was conducted using a Diode Laser (Diomed Ltd.). Results: The aaverage age of the patients was 23 years, and the mean sizes of the tumors wereas 1.6 and 1.8 cm on physical examination and 1.8 cm on the ultrasonogram, respectively. There were significant decreases in the clinical and sonographic sizes following the treatment (P<0.05, P< 0.01). From a comparison of the tumor sizes before and after the ILP treatment, the tumor reduction rates from the physical examination and ultrasonogram findings were 92 and 80%, respectively, when the size of the tumors was below 1 cm, and the disappearance rates were 92% and 80%, respectively, when the size of the tumors was below 1 cm. Conclusion: Interstitial laser photocoagulation is a safe, precise, minimally invasive, and cosmetic procedure for the in situ destruction of breast fibroadenomas. (Journal of Korean Breast Cancer Society 2004;7:199-204)","PeriodicalId":414717,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Breast Cancer Society","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134119170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-09-01DOI: 10.4048/JKBCS.2004.7.3.205
Jong Min Kim, Yoon Woo Jang, Min Sung Choi, Dong Wha Lee, S. Cho, Dongho Choi, Kyung Kyu Park, Y. Jang, Jae Joon Kim, C. Moon, Min-Hyuk Lee
유방의 전이성 악성 종양은 전체 유방 악성 종양의 1.3∼ 6.6% 정도로 매우 드문 종양이다.(1) 혈액계 종양과 달리 악성 흑색종은 유방 실질에 나타나는 전이 악종 중 가장 흔한 질환으로, 임상 및 영상적 연구에서 유방암과 매우 비슷한 양상을 나타낸다.(1,2) 악성 흑색종은 약 20%에서 전이가 일어나고, 가장 흔한 전이 병소는 간, 폐, 그리고 뇌이다. 악성 흑색종의 유방 전이는 매우 드물지만 유방 전이를 일으킨 환자의 약 40%는 악성 흑색종의 첫 임상 증상으로 나타난다.(3) 악 성 흑색종의 전이 병소에 대한 외과적 치료는 충분한 절 제변연을 포함하는 광범위 절제가 원칙이다.(1-3) 그러나 실제로 현재까지 악성 흑색종 환자들은 여러 가지 전신적 인 항암화학요법에도 불구하고 대부분 매우 빠르게 전신 적인 전이가 진행되기 때문에 절제가 불가능한 경우가 많 았으며,(1-7) 또한 외과적인 절제가 시행한 경우에도 매우 좋지 못한 예후를 보인 경우가 많았다. 최근 저자들은 49 세 여자 환자에서 좌측 비강에 발생한 악성 흑색종으로 좌측 내상악절제술(medial maxillectomy)을 시행한 뒤 방사 선요법을 시행하던 중 환자의 좌측 유방에서 종물이 발견 되어 조직검사를 시행한바 양측 유방의 악성 흑색종 전이 로 진단된 1예를 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다.
{"title":"Breast Metastases from Malignant Melanoma","authors":"Jong Min Kim, Yoon Woo Jang, Min Sung Choi, Dong Wha Lee, S. Cho, Dongho Choi, Kyung Kyu Park, Y. Jang, Jae Joon Kim, C. Moon, Min-Hyuk Lee","doi":"10.4048/JKBCS.2004.7.3.205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4048/JKBCS.2004.7.3.205","url":null,"abstract":"유방의 전이성 악성 종양은 전체 유방 악성 종양의 1.3∼ 6.6% 정도로 매우 드문 종양이다.(1) 혈액계 종양과 달리 악성 흑색종은 유방 실질에 나타나는 전이 악종 중 가장 흔한 질환으로, 임상 및 영상적 연구에서 유방암과 매우 비슷한 양상을 나타낸다.(1,2) 악성 흑색종은 약 20%에서 전이가 일어나고, 가장 흔한 전이 병소는 간, 폐, 그리고 뇌이다. 악성 흑색종의 유방 전이는 매우 드물지만 유방 전이를 일으킨 환자의 약 40%는 악성 흑색종의 첫 임상 증상으로 나타난다.(3) 악 성 흑색종의 전이 병소에 대한 외과적 치료는 충분한 절 제변연을 포함하는 광범위 절제가 원칙이다.(1-3) 그러나 실제로 현재까지 악성 흑색종 환자들은 여러 가지 전신적 인 항암화학요법에도 불구하고 대부분 매우 빠르게 전신 적인 전이가 진행되기 때문에 절제가 불가능한 경우가 많 았으며,(1-7) 또한 외과적인 절제가 시행한 경우에도 매우 좋지 못한 예후를 보인 경우가 많았다. 최근 저자들은 49 세 여자 환자에서 좌측 비강에 발생한 악성 흑색종으로 좌측 내상악절제술(medial maxillectomy)을 시행한 뒤 방사 선요법을 시행하던 중 환자의 좌측 유방에서 종물이 발견 되어 조직검사를 시행한바 양측 유방의 악성 흑색종 전이 로 진단된 1예를 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다.","PeriodicalId":414717,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Breast Cancer Society","volume":"95 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117217779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-06-01DOI: 10.4048/JKBCS.2004.7.2.65
Kyoung Ju Kim, C. Suh
지난 30년간 조기 유방암의 치료에 많은 변화가 있어 왔다. 유방보존술(breast conserving treatment, BCT)의 치료 성적이 유방절제술과 비교할 때 동일한 생존율을 보이면 서 유방 보존 효과가 큰 것이 여러 III상 무작위 임상 연구 에서 보고됨에 따라,(1-4) 유방보존술은 조기 유방암의 표 준 치료법으로 꾸준히 증가 추세에 있고 한국에서는 전체 유방암의 21%가 유방보존술을 받고 있다.(5) 유방보존술 은 유방보존수술(breast conserving surgery)과 전유방방사선 치료(whole breast radiation therapy)로 이루어지는데 이미 여러 III상 무작위 임상 연구에서 방사선치료가 수술 후 국소 재발을 현저히 낮추는 것으로 밝혀져, 유방보존술에 있어 전유방방사선치료는 필수적인 것으로 생각되고 있 다.(6-9) 하지만 유방보존술이 가능한 유방암 환자의 상당 수에서 유방보존술이 시행되지 않고, 또한 유방보존수술 을 받은 환자들 중에서도 10∼30% 정도가 수술 후 방사 선치료를 받지 않는 것으로 보고되고 있는데 그 이유 중 하나로 지역적인 문제 때문에 수 주일간의 방사선 치료를 받기가 곤란한 경우 유방보존수술 자체가 시행되지 않거 나 유방보존수술 후 방사선 치료가 생략되는 경우가 상당 수인 것으로 생각된다.(10-12) 때문에 5∼6주간의 방사선 치료에 대한 부담으로 유방보존술을 시행받지 못하는 환 자들에 대해서도 유방보존술의 적용을 높이고자 방사선 치료 기간을 줄이려는 노력들이 시도되었고, 그 방법으로 부분유방방사선치료(Partial breast irradiation, PBI)에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되어왔다. 본 논문에서는 부분유방방사 선치료의 여러 방법과 치료 결과에 대해 살펴보고자 한다.
在过去的30年里，早期乳腺癌的治疗发生了很多变化。乳房保存术bct)的治疗成绩和乳房切除术相比,表现出同样的生存率,乳房就保存效果较大的各iii上随机临床研究中报告随着、(1 - 4)乳房保存酒是早期乳腺癌的标准治疗方法都有不断增加的趋势,在韩国,整个乳癌的21%乳房保存正在受到酒。(5)乳房保存酒是乳房保留手术(breast conserving它由surgery和前放射疗法(whole breast radiation therapy)组成，在许多III期随机临床研究中已经发现，放射线治疗可以显著降低手术后的局部复发。乳房保存术中，前放疗被认为是必须的(6-9)，但是有相当一部分乳房癌患者可以进行乳房保存术。也是乳房保存接受手术的患者中,也有10 ~ 30%术后放射线将不接受治疗,他的理由之一因为区域性问题数星期的很难接受放射线治疗乳房保留手术本身尚未实施或乳房保留手术后放射线治疗被省略的情况似乎是相当数的。(10 - 12)因此,5 ~ 6周的放射线对于因治疗负担而不能接受乳房保存术的患者，为了提高乳房保存术的应用，也试图缩短放射线治疗时间，作为其方法，对部分乳房放射线治疗(Partial breast irradiation, PBI)的研究也进行得非常活跃。本论文将介绍部分乳房放射线治疗的多种方法和治疗结果。
{"title":"Partial Breast Irradiation (PBI)","authors":"Kyoung Ju Kim, C. Suh","doi":"10.4048/JKBCS.2004.7.2.65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4048/JKBCS.2004.7.2.65","url":null,"abstract":"지난 30년간 조기 유방암의 치료에 많은 변화가 있어 왔다. 유방보존술(breast conserving treatment, BCT)의 치료 성적이 유방절제술과 비교할 때 동일한 생존율을 보이면 서 유방 보존 효과가 큰 것이 여러 III상 무작위 임상 연구 에서 보고됨에 따라,(1-4) 유방보존술은 조기 유방암의 표 준 치료법으로 꾸준히 증가 추세에 있고 한국에서는 전체 유방암의 21%가 유방보존술을 받고 있다.(5) 유방보존술 은 유방보존수술(breast conserving surgery)과 전유방방사선 치료(whole breast radiation therapy)로 이루어지는데 이미 여러 III상 무작위 임상 연구에서 방사선치료가 수술 후 국소 재발을 현저히 낮추는 것으로 밝혀져, 유방보존술에 있어 전유방방사선치료는 필수적인 것으로 생각되고 있 다.(6-9) 하지만 유방보존술이 가능한 유방암 환자의 상당 수에서 유방보존술이 시행되지 않고, 또한 유방보존수술 을 받은 환자들 중에서도 10∼30% 정도가 수술 후 방사 선치료를 받지 않는 것으로 보고되고 있는데 그 이유 중 하나로 지역적인 문제 때문에 수 주일간의 방사선 치료를 받기가 곤란한 경우 유방보존수술 자체가 시행되지 않거 나 유방보존수술 후 방사선 치료가 생략되는 경우가 상당 수인 것으로 생각된다.(10-12) 때문에 5∼6주간의 방사선 치료에 대한 부담으로 유방보존술을 시행받지 못하는 환 자들에 대해서도 유방보존술의 적용을 높이고자 방사선 치료 기간을 줄이려는 노력들이 시도되었고, 그 방법으로 부분유방방사선치료(Partial breast irradiation, PBI)에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되어왔다. 본 논문에서는 부분유방방사 선치료의 여러 방법과 치료 결과에 대해 살펴보고자 한다.","PeriodicalId":414717,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Breast Cancer Society","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125829068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-06-01DOI: 10.4048/JKBCS.2004.7.2.84
Kui Seon Park, S. Jung
Purpose: Breast carcinomas are highly malignant tumor that the angiogenesis factor, vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptors are overexpressed. To elucidate the role of Angiopoietin-2 (ANG2) and ANG2 receptor Tie-2 in invasive ductal carcinoma, we examined the expression of ANG2, and Tie-2 at the mRNA and protein levels in human breast cancer cell lines and samples. Methods: Total RNA from 22 breast cancer patient biopsies were extracted. ANG2 and Tie-2 mRNA expression was measured by means of reverse transcription-PCR assay. Results: RT-PCR indicated that the ANG2 and Tie-2 mRNA levels in carcinoma samples were significantly higher than those of the adjacent non-neoplastic breast tissues. For ANG2 and Tie-2, 41 of 71 invasive ductal carcinomass (58%) showed high expressions in Immunohistochemistry. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that ANG2 and Tie-2 were expressed by both tumor cells and endothelial elements. Expression in tumor cells were confirmed by studying a panel of human breast carcinoma cell lines cultured by RT-PCR. Our study showed that the ANG2 positivity was correlated with axillary lymph node metastasis among the clinicopathological parameter and confirmed that high expressions of ANG2 correlated highly with the axillary lymph node metastases, histological grade, positive PR status, and age, and Tie-2 expression correlated significantly with the p53 status. Moreover, ANG2 and Tie-2 co-expression correlated significantly with the axillary lymph node metastases, compared with ANG2(-)/Tie-2 (-) and ANG2 (+)/Tie-2 (-) or ANG2 (-)/Tie-2 (+) cases. Conclusion: These findings suggested that ANG2 and Tie-2 might be involved in the progression of invasive ductal carcinomas through autocrine and paracrine signaling and that it may be clinically useful in selecting patients who could benefit from adjuvant treatment by further study. (Journal of Korean Breast Cancer Society 2004;7:84-91) ꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏ
{"title":"Expression and Clinical Significance of Angiopoietin-2 and its Receptor Tie-2 in Invasive Breast Cancer","authors":"Kui Seon Park, S. Jung","doi":"10.4048/JKBCS.2004.7.2.84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4048/JKBCS.2004.7.2.84","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Breast carcinomas are highly malignant tumor that the angiogenesis factor, vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptors are overexpressed. To elucidate the role of Angiopoietin-2 (ANG2) and ANG2 receptor Tie-2 in invasive ductal carcinoma, we examined the expression of ANG2, and Tie-2 at the mRNA and protein levels in human breast cancer cell lines and samples. Methods: Total RNA from 22 breast cancer patient biopsies were extracted. ANG2 and Tie-2 mRNA expression was measured by means of reverse transcription-PCR assay. Results: RT-PCR indicated that the ANG2 and Tie-2 mRNA levels in carcinoma samples were significantly higher than those of the adjacent non-neoplastic breast tissues. For ANG2 and Tie-2, 41 of 71 invasive ductal carcinomass (58%) showed high expressions in Immunohistochemistry. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that ANG2 and Tie-2 were expressed by both tumor cells and endothelial elements. Expression in tumor cells were confirmed by studying a panel of human breast carcinoma cell lines cultured by RT-PCR. Our study showed that the ANG2 positivity was correlated with axillary lymph node metastasis among the clinicopathological parameter and confirmed that high expressions of ANG2 correlated highly with the axillary lymph node metastases, histological grade, positive PR status, and age, and Tie-2 expression correlated significantly with the p53 status. Moreover, ANG2 and Tie-2 co-expression correlated significantly with the axillary lymph node metastases, compared with ANG2(-)/Tie-2 (-) and ANG2 (+)/Tie-2 (-) or ANG2 (-)/Tie-2 (+) cases. Conclusion: These findings suggested that ANG2 and Tie-2 might be involved in the progression of invasive ductal carcinomas through autocrine and paracrine signaling and that it may be clinically useful in selecting patients who could benefit from adjuvant treatment by further study. (Journal of Korean Breast Cancer Society 2004;7:84-91) ꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏ","PeriodicalId":414717,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Breast Cancer Society","volume":"254 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113972124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-06-01DOI: 10.4048/JKBCS.2004.7.2.121
Sangdal Lee
Purpose: Breast augmentation has recently become a common plastic surgical procedure performed in Korea. However, the incidence of re-operation has also increased due to various complications. The purpose of this study is to analyze the complications of primary augmentation mammoplasty and to demonstrate the reasons for reoperations. Methods: Among augmentation mammoplasty cases operated in M.D. Clinic from Jan. 2002 to Jul. 2003, 42 cases of re-operations were reviewed. Age, interim primary operations, used implants, complications and reasons of reoperations and methods of re-operations were retrospectively evaluated. Results: Patients from half of the cases were in their thirties. Almost halves of the patients were operated again within a year. Common reasons of re-operations were complications in shape and physical texture. For shape problems, they commonly complained of upper fullness or double bubble deformity and asymmetry. The author commonly used a periareolar incision (95.2%) and saline bag implants (81.0%) for re-operations. The usual size of the implant was between 151 and 250 cc. In 7 capsular contracture cases, 3 capsulotomy, 3 capsulectomy and 1 case of subpectoral conversion were performed, of which 1 case in capsulotomy and 1 subpectoral conversion recurred. Conclusion: Augmentation mammoplasty is not a simple procedure, making many complications in shape, physical texture, breast functions, and others that is related to breast diseases. For better outcomes in re-operation cases, exact understanding and evaluation of primary complications are essential. (Journal of Korean Breast Cancer Society 2004;7:121-125) ꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏ
{"title":"Complications and Reasons for Dissatisfaction in Augmentation Mammoplasty - Analysis of 42 Cases of Re-operation -","authors":"Sangdal Lee","doi":"10.4048/JKBCS.2004.7.2.121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4048/JKBCS.2004.7.2.121","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Breast augmentation has recently become a common plastic surgical procedure performed in Korea. However, the incidence of re-operation has also increased due to various complications. The purpose of this study is to analyze the complications of primary augmentation mammoplasty and to demonstrate the reasons for reoperations. Methods: Among augmentation mammoplasty cases operated in M.D. Clinic from Jan. 2002 to Jul. 2003, 42 cases of re-operations were reviewed. Age, interim primary operations, used implants, complications and reasons of reoperations and methods of re-operations were retrospectively evaluated. Results: Patients from half of the cases were in their thirties. Almost halves of the patients were operated again within a year. Common reasons of re-operations were complications in shape and physical texture. For shape problems, they commonly complained of upper fullness or double bubble deformity and asymmetry. The author commonly used a periareolar incision (95.2%) and saline bag implants (81.0%) for re-operations. The usual size of the implant was between 151 and 250 cc. In 7 capsular contracture cases, 3 capsulotomy, 3 capsulectomy and 1 case of subpectoral conversion were performed, of which 1 case in capsulotomy and 1 subpectoral conversion recurred. Conclusion: Augmentation mammoplasty is not a simple procedure, making many complications in shape, physical texture, breast functions, and others that is related to breast diseases. For better outcomes in re-operation cases, exact understanding and evaluation of primary complications are essential. (Journal of Korean Breast Cancer Society 2004;7:121-125) ꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏꠏ","PeriodicalId":414717,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Breast Cancer Society","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133806008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-06-01DOI: 10.4048/JKBCS.2004.7.2.111
Seho Park, Seung Il Kim, Byeong-Woo Park, Kyong-Sik Lee
Purpose: With the increase of early breast cancer patients, the number of node negative breast cancer patients is also on the rise. However, reports show that there is a 20∼30% recurrence in node negative breast cancer. Thus, we have attempted to determine the prognostic factors that may affect recurrence and relapse free survival. Methods: From January, 1980, to June, 1999, 1110 node negative breast cancer patients who underwent curative surgery at the Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, were selected. A retrospective study was done to determine the effects of factors, such as operation method, age, size, type, histologic grade, intraductal components, ER, PR, c-erbB-2, number of lymph nodes removed, adjuvant chemotherapy, hormonal therapy and radiation therapy. Results: The mean age was 47.2 years. The median followup period was 88 months. Recurrence occurred in 161 patients. Locoregional recurrence occurred in 64 patients, and systemic recurrence in 129 patients, while 32 patients had both. The 5 years overall survival rate was 93.3%. The rate of locoregional recurrence for a 10 year-period was significantly lower in the mastectomy group compared with that in the breast conservation therapy group (94.7% vs 79.6%, P=0.000). No other prognostic factors except the age affected in locoregional recurrence. There was less systemic recurrence in patients with the age greater than 35, with the histologic grade I, and with the intraductal components greater than 20%. Thus, 10-years distant relapse free survival rates were 87.4% vs 79.8% (P=0.039), 93.5% vs 85.5% (P=0.024), and 94.4% vs 82.0% (P=0.007), respectively. There was no statistical significance in the other prognostic factors that influence systemic recurrence. Conclusion: The patients' age was determined to be an independent prognostic value in the lymph node negative breast cancer. The histologic grade and intraductal components showed to have significance as prognostic factors for systemic recurrence. (Journal of Korean Breast Cancer Society 2004;7:111-120)
目的:随着早期乳腺癌患者的增加，淋巴结阴性乳腺癌患者的数量也呈上升趋势。然而，报告显示，淋巴结阴性乳腺癌有20 ~ 30%的复发率。因此，我们试图确定可能影响复发和无复发生存的预后因素。方法:选取1980年1月~ 1999年6月在延世大学医学院Severance医院行治疗性手术的结阴性乳腺癌患者1110例。回顾性研究手术方式、年龄、肿瘤大小、类型、组织学分级、导管内成分、ER、PR、c-erbB-2、淋巴结切除数、辅助化疗、激素治疗、放疗等因素的影响。结果:患者平均年龄47.2岁。中位随访期为88个月。161例患者出现复发。局部复发64例，全身复发129例，两者均有32例。5年总生存率为93.3%。10年局部复发率，乳房切除术组明显低于保乳治疗组(94.7% vs 79.6%， P=0.000)。除年龄外，其他预后因素不影响局部复发。年龄大于35岁、组织学分级为I级、导管内成分大于20%的患者全身复发率较低。10年无复发生存率分别为87.4% vs 79.8% (P=0.039)、93.5% vs 85.5% (P=0.024)、94.4% vs 82.0% (P=0.007)。其他影响全身复发的预后因素无统计学意义。结论:年龄是判断淋巴结阴性乳腺癌预后的独立指标。组织学分级和导管内成分作为系统性复发的预后因素具有重要意义。(韩国乳腺癌学会杂志2004;7:111-120)
{"title":"Prognostic Factors in Axillary Lymph Node Negative Breast Cancer","authors":"Seho Park, Seung Il Kim, Byeong-Woo Park, Kyong-Sik Lee","doi":"10.4048/JKBCS.2004.7.2.111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4048/JKBCS.2004.7.2.111","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: With the increase of early breast cancer patients, the number of node negative breast cancer patients is also on the rise. However, reports show that there is a 20∼30% recurrence in node negative breast cancer. Thus, we have attempted to determine the prognostic factors that may affect recurrence and relapse free survival. Methods: From January, 1980, to June, 1999, 1110 node negative breast cancer patients who underwent curative surgery at the Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, were selected. A retrospective study was done to determine the effects of factors, such as operation method, age, size, type, histologic grade, intraductal components, ER, PR, c-erbB-2, number of lymph nodes removed, adjuvant chemotherapy, hormonal therapy and radiation therapy. Results: The mean age was 47.2 years. The median followup period was 88 months. Recurrence occurred in 161 patients. Locoregional recurrence occurred in 64 patients, and systemic recurrence in 129 patients, while 32 patients had both. The 5 years overall survival rate was 93.3%. The rate of locoregional recurrence for a 10 year-period was significantly lower in the mastectomy group compared with that in the breast conservation therapy group (94.7% vs 79.6%, P=0.000). No other prognostic factors except the age affected in locoregional recurrence. There was less systemic recurrence in patients with the age greater than 35, with the histologic grade I, and with the intraductal components greater than 20%. Thus, 10-years distant relapse free survival rates were 87.4% vs 79.8% (P=0.039), 93.5% vs 85.5% (P=0.024), and 94.4% vs 82.0% (P=0.007), respectively. There was no statistical significance in the other prognostic factors that influence systemic recurrence. Conclusion: The patients' age was determined to be an independent prognostic value in the lymph node negative breast cancer. The histologic grade and intraductal components showed to have significance as prognostic factors for systemic recurrence. (Journal of Korean Breast Cancer Society 2004;7:111-120)","PeriodicalId":414717,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Breast Cancer Society","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120935455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-06-01DOI: 10.4048/JKBCS.2004.7.2.104
H. Yoon, H. Sohn
유방암 환자의 생존율과 재발의 위험성을 예견하는 유용 한 인자로 종양의 크기, 액와 림프절 전이 정도, 조직학적 유형, 분화도, ER (estrogen receptor)과 PR (progesterone receptor) 발현 등이 있으며, 이 중 액와 림프절 전이 정도가 유방암 환자의 가장 중요한 예후인자로 이용되고 있다.(1,2) 그러나 전이는 림프관 뿐만 아니라 혈관을 통해서도 이루 어질 수 있으며, 종양이 발생한 시점이 오래되었을수록 림 프절 전이의 가능성이 많다. 즉 림프절 전이는 시간의존성 (time-dependent) 예후인자로서 림프절 전이 상태만으로 예 후를 판정하는 것은 한계가 있다. 악성 종양의 예후를 예측 할 수 있는 내인성 인자로 종양의 악성도(virulence)가 중요 하며, 악성도는 종양의 생물학적 특성에 따라 결정된다. 따 라서 유방암 환자에서 예후를 정확히 예측하기 위해서는 종양의 크기나 림프절 전이와 같은 시간의존성 예후인자 뿐만 아니라 내인성 인자에 해당하는 종양의 조직학적 유 형, 분화도, 종양유전자 발현 등의 생물학적 특성이 포함되 어야 한다.(3) 1982년 유방암의 예후 판정을 위해 Nottingham prognostic index (NPI)가 처음으로 소개되었으며,(4) Galea 등(3)에 의 해 1992년 개정되었고, 현재까지 유방암 환자의 예후 판정 및 치료 방향 결정 등에 널리 이용하고 있다. NPI는 유방암 의 예후를 판정하는 데 가장 중요한 인자로 알려진 종양의 크기, 림프절 전이 정도와 조직학적 분화도를 포함하고 있 으며, 상기 세 인자를 종합하여 예후를 추정하였다. Galea 등(3)은 시간의존성 예후인자인 종양의 크기와 림프절 전이 는 상호 연관성이 있으며, 조직학적 분화도는 예후와 연관 이 있다고 하였다. 따라서 종양의 크기, 림프절 전이 정도와 조직학적 분화도를 포함하는 NPI는 유방암 환자에서 장기 생존여부를 판정하는 데 우수한 지표로서 민감도가 90%이 며, 특이성이 50%라고 하였으며, 보조요법 선택, 치료 방법 유방암 조직의 Nottingham 예후지수와 면역조직화학적 예후지수
乳房癌患者的生存率和复发风险的有效因子有肿瘤的大小，液和淋巴结转移的程度，组织学类型，分化程度，ER(前列腺素receptor)和PR (PR)发现等。其中液和淋巴结转移程度是乳腺癌患者最重要的预后因子(1,2)但是转移不仅可以通过淋巴管，还可以通过血管进行，肿瘤发生的时间越长，淋巴结转移的可能性就越大。淋巴结转移是一种时间依赖性预后因子，仅凭淋巴结转移状态判定预后是有限度的。作为预测恶性肿瘤预后的内因因子，肿瘤的恶性程度(virulence)非常重要，恶性程度取决于肿瘤的生物学特性。因此，要准确预测乳腺癌患者的预后情况，不仅需要肿瘤的大小、淋巴结转移等时间依赖性预后因子，还需要内因性因子的肿瘤的组织学类型、分化度、(3) 1982年首次引入Nottingham prognostic index (NPI)以判定乳腺癌的预后，(4)Galea等(3)于1992年修订，至今为止广泛应用于乳腺癌患者的预后判定及治疗方向等方面。NPI包含肿瘤的大小、淋巴结转移程度和组织学分化程度，这是诊断乳腺癌预后的最重要因素，综合上述三个因素推定预后。Galea等(3)认为肿瘤的大小和淋巴结转移是时间依赖性预后因子，组织学分化度与预后有关。因此,肿瘤大小、淋巴结转移程度和组织包括学籍分化也npi的乳腺癌患者在长期的,优秀的指标作为判定생존여부敏感度90%,特别有50%”,辅助疗法,治疗方法选择组织的nottingham乳腺癌预后指数和면역조직화학预后指数
{"title":"The Nottingham and Immunohistochemical Prognostic Index in Breast Carcinomas","authors":"H. Yoon, H. Sohn","doi":"10.4048/JKBCS.2004.7.2.104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4048/JKBCS.2004.7.2.104","url":null,"abstract":"유방암 환자의 생존율과 재발의 위험성을 예견하는 유용 한 인자로 종양의 크기, 액와 림프절 전이 정도, 조직학적 유형, 분화도, ER (estrogen receptor)과 PR (progesterone receptor) 발현 등이 있으며, 이 중 액와 림프절 전이 정도가 유방암 환자의 가장 중요한 예후인자로 이용되고 있다.(1,2) 그러나 전이는 림프관 뿐만 아니라 혈관을 통해서도 이루 어질 수 있으며, 종양이 발생한 시점이 오래되었을수록 림 프절 전이의 가능성이 많다. 즉 림프절 전이는 시간의존성 (time-dependent) 예후인자로서 림프절 전이 상태만으로 예 후를 판정하는 것은 한계가 있다. 악성 종양의 예후를 예측 할 수 있는 내인성 인자로 종양의 악성도(virulence)가 중요 하며, 악성도는 종양의 생물학적 특성에 따라 결정된다. 따 라서 유방암 환자에서 예후를 정확히 예측하기 위해서는 종양의 크기나 림프절 전이와 같은 시간의존성 예후인자 뿐만 아니라 내인성 인자에 해당하는 종양의 조직학적 유 형, 분화도, 종양유전자 발현 등의 생물학적 특성이 포함되 어야 한다.(3) 1982년 유방암의 예후 판정을 위해 Nottingham prognostic index (NPI)가 처음으로 소개되었으며,(4) Galea 등(3)에 의 해 1992년 개정되었고, 현재까지 유방암 환자의 예후 판정 및 치료 방향 결정 등에 널리 이용하고 있다. NPI는 유방암 의 예후를 판정하는 데 가장 중요한 인자로 알려진 종양의 크기, 림프절 전이 정도와 조직학적 분화도를 포함하고 있 으며, 상기 세 인자를 종합하여 예후를 추정하였다. Galea 등(3)은 시간의존성 예후인자인 종양의 크기와 림프절 전이 는 상호 연관성이 있으며, 조직학적 분화도는 예후와 연관 이 있다고 하였다. 따라서 종양의 크기, 림프절 전이 정도와 조직학적 분화도를 포함하는 NPI는 유방암 환자에서 장기 생존여부를 판정하는 데 우수한 지표로서 민감도가 90%이 며, 특이성이 50%라고 하였으며, 보조요법 선택, 치료 방법 유방암 조직의 Nottingham 예후지수와 면역조직화학적 예후지수","PeriodicalId":414717,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Breast Cancer Society","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116534516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-06-01DOI: 10.4048/JKBCS.2004.7.2.126
U. Hwang, H. Yoon, B. Kwak, B. H. Son, S. Ahn, Taik-jong Lee
the advanced breast cancer patients was 37 years. Immediate breast reconstruction consisted of a pedicled TRAM flap (n=24), a insertion of tissue expander (n=4) or direct implant (n=1). Radiotherapy was performed in 16 patients (53.3%) and chemotherapy was conducted without delay in all case. With a median length of follow-up of 36.1 months for 22 patients, who under went the operation until December, 2001, local recurrence was 4.5% (1/22) with successful local treatment, and distant metastasis was 13.7% (3/22). There was no difference in the disease free survival compared to that of the non-reconstruction group (P=0.093). Conclusion: SSM with immediate reconstruction seems safe and effective for patients with advanced breast cancer. However an accurate preoperative assessment of the extent of the disease and discussion for the planning of treatment between surgeon and patient is required.
{"title":"Skin-sparing Mastectomy with Immediate Breast Reconstruction for the Treatment of Advanced Breast Cancer","authors":"U. Hwang, H. Yoon, B. Kwak, B. H. Son, S. Ahn, Taik-jong Lee","doi":"10.4048/JKBCS.2004.7.2.126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4048/JKBCS.2004.7.2.126","url":null,"abstract":"the advanced breast cancer patients was 37 years. Immediate breast reconstruction consisted of a pedicled TRAM flap (n=24), a insertion of tissue expander (n=4) or direct implant (n=1). Radiotherapy was performed in 16 patients (53.3%) and chemotherapy was conducted without delay in all case. With a median length of follow-up of 36.1 months for 22 patients, who under went the operation until December, 2001, local recurrence was 4.5% (1/22) with successful local treatment, and distant metastasis was 13.7% (3/22). There was no difference in the disease free survival compared to that of the non-reconstruction group (P=0.093). Conclusion: SSM with immediate reconstruction seems safe and effective for patients with advanced breast cancer. However an accurate preoperative assessment of the extent of the disease and discussion for the planning of treatment between surgeon and patient is required.","PeriodicalId":414717,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Breast Cancer Society","volume":"138 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129515468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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