Pub Date : 2023-06-29DOI: 10.22378/2313-6197.2023-11-2.285-302
R. Alimov
The aim of the study is to analyze the marginalia texts on the pages of the St. Petersburg copy of Jami al-Tawarikh by Kadyr Ali-Bek. Many notes and commentaries in the margins of this manuscript are contemporaneous to the main text, but there are also some that were made later. Most of the early marginalia are related to the Genealogy of the Turks (Shajara-i Turk) by Abu al-Ghazi Bahadur Khan. The research materials: The research material is the marginalia of the St. Petersburg manuscript which is currently preserved in the Oriental Studies Department of St. Petersburg University Library under No: MsO-59. Results and scientific novelty: This article provides, for the first time, the general characteristics of all marginalia of the manuscript. They are classified according to their thematic character. The article also presents a full translation of the text of the marginalia into Russian. The marginalia can be divided into early and late categories and are attributed to four different authors. Among the marginalia, there are also those that are of some importance for the clarification of confusing moments in the history of the post-Horde states.
{"title":"On the marginalia of the St. Petersburg manuscript of the “Jami al-tawarikh” by Kadyr Ali-bek","authors":"R. Alimov","doi":"10.22378/2313-6197.2023-11-2.285-302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22378/2313-6197.2023-11-2.285-302","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study is to analyze the marginalia texts on the pages of the St. Petersburg copy of Jami al-Tawarikh by Kadyr Ali-Bek. Many notes and commentaries in the margins of this manuscript are contemporaneous to the main text, but there are also some that were made later. Most of the early marginalia are related to the Genealogy of the Turks (Shajara-i Turk) by Abu al-Ghazi Bahadur Khan. The research materials: The research material is the marginalia of the St. Petersburg manuscript which is currently preserved in the Oriental Studies Department of St. Petersburg University Library under No: MsO-59. Results and scientific novelty: This article provides, for the first time, the general characteristics of all marginalia of the manuscript. They are classified according to their thematic character. The article also presents a full translation of the text of the marginalia into Russian. The marginalia can be divided into early and late categories and are attributed to four different authors. Among the marginalia, there are also those that are of some importance for the clarification of confusing moments in the history of the post-Horde states.","PeriodicalId":41481,"journal":{"name":"Zolotoordynskoe Obozrenie-Golden Horde Review","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72509461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-29DOI: 10.22378/2313-6197.2023-11-2.411-428
Maksum M. Akchurin, Z. Sabitov
Research objective: To reveal information about the ruling clans in the Kasimov Khanate based on information from the dastan about Uraz-Muhammad Khan in the work of Kadyr-Ali bek. Research materials: The image of the throne in the dastan about Uraz-Muhammad is the only source about the names of clans among the beks of the Kasimov Khanate. The research uses acts and documents of management and record keeping, legends of the Tatars, genealogical lists, writings of eastern origin, and the results of genetic studies of the Y-chromosome of the beks’ descendants. Results: This article presents the results of long-term research in which, among the Kasimov Tatars, Karachi-beks who participated in the ceremony of enthroning Uraz-Muhammad to the Khan’s throne in 1600 were identified. Their family trees and origins have been explicated. Considering that the Kasimov Karachi-beks were representatives of the well-known Horde clans, we accordingly received an idea of the origin of some of the most powerful aristocratic non-Chingisid clans of the Jochid Ulus era. In addition, some plots on the history of the Meshchera Tatars associated with representatives of the studied clans are considered.
{"title":"Dastan about Uraz-Muhammad Khan from the work of Kadyr-Ali bek as a source about the clans of the tatars of Kasimov","authors":"Maksum M. Akchurin, Z. Sabitov","doi":"10.22378/2313-6197.2023-11-2.411-428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22378/2313-6197.2023-11-2.411-428","url":null,"abstract":"Research objective: To reveal information about the ruling clans in the Kasimov Khanate based on information from the dastan about Uraz-Muhammad Khan in the work of Kadyr-Ali bek. Research materials: The image of the throne in the dastan about Uraz-Muhammad is the only source about the names of clans among the beks of the Kasimov Khanate. The research uses acts and documents of management and record keeping, legends of the Tatars, genealogical lists, writings of eastern origin, and the results of genetic studies of the Y-chromosome of the beks’ descendants. Results: This article presents the results of long-term research in which, among the Kasimov Tatars, Karachi-beks who participated in the ceremony of enthroning Uraz-Muhammad to the Khan’s throne in 1600 were identified. Their family trees and origins have been explicated. Considering that the Kasimov Karachi-beks were representatives of the well-known Horde clans, we accordingly received an idea of the origin of some of the most powerful aristocratic non-Chingisid clans of the Jochid Ulus era. In addition, some plots on the history of the Meshchera Tatars associated with representatives of the studied clans are considered.","PeriodicalId":41481,"journal":{"name":"Zolotoordynskoe Obozrenie-Golden Horde Review","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72700968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-29DOI: 10.22378/2313-6197.2023-11-2.397-410
D. Iskhakov, Z. Tychinskikh
Research objectives: The Kazakh sultan Uraz-Muhammad, who happened to find himself in the territory of the Moscow Tsardom in 1588, was elevated to the throne of the declining Kasimov Khanate in 1600. His arrival in this Turkic enclave yurt, which had been ruled by the Greater Horde dynasty (Sheikh-Avliyar, Shah-Ali, Sain-Bulat, Mustafa-Ali) for a considerable period since 1516, was a political innovation by the Kazakh sultan that remains not fully explained. At that time, representatives of other branches of the Chingisids, such as the significant group of Kuchumoviches (Shibanids), who were likely no less prominent than the Kazakh khans tracing their lineage to the Ordaids or Tukay-Timurids (more recently, primarily to the former), existed in the Moscow Tsardom. The general assessment expressed in the literature that Uraz-Muhammad’s enthronement in Kasimov was an action related to “the further implementation of the eastern policy of the Moscow Tsardom,” according to A.V. Belyakov’s words, lacks sufficient specificity. Therefore, the authors of this article considered it necessary to conduct a more detailed analysis of this issue. Research materials: The authors examined the historiography of the issue of Uraz-Muhammad’s appearance in the Moscow Tsardom, as well as the political situation at the turn of the 16th and 17th centuries in both the state and the Kazakh Khanate. Sources such as Kadyr Ali-bek’s “Jami al-tawarikh,” Siberian chronicles, as well as folk legends and traditions found in G.F. Miller’s work “History of Siberia” and Siberian Tatar local history writings were utilized. Results and novelty of the research: The conducted research allowed us to conclude that Moscow’s choice of a candidate like the Kazakh sultan Uraz-Muhammad for the Kasimov throne in 1600 was dictated by the politico-ideological considerations of the ruling elite of the Moscow Tsardom. These considerations were explained by the new challenges in the field of eastern policy that emerged on the eve of the 16th and 17th centuries, which were of great importance to the Moscow Tsardom.
研究目标:哈萨克苏丹乌拉兹-穆罕默德于1588年碰巧发现自己在莫斯科沙皇王国的领土上，于1600年被提升为衰落的卡西莫夫汗国的王位。自1516年以来，他来到这个由大部落王朝(Sheikh-Avliyar, Shah-Ali, Sain-Bulat, Mustafa-Ali)统治了相当长一段时间的突厥飞地蒙古堡，这是哈萨克斯坦苏丹的一项政治创新，至今仍未得到充分解释。当时，在莫斯科沙皇王国存在着中国其他分支的代表，如重要的库丘莫维奇(什叶派)，他们的地位可能不次于哈萨克可汗，他们的血统可以追溯到鄂尔多斯人或图凯-帖木儿人(最近主要是前者)。根据A.V. Belyakov的说法，文献中表达的总体评价是，乌拉兹-穆罕默德在卡西莫夫的登基是一项与“莫斯科沙皇东方政策的进一步实施”有关的行动，缺乏足够的特异性。因此，本文的作者认为有必要对这个问题进行更详细的分析。研究资料:作者研究了乌拉兹-穆罕默德在莫斯科沙皇国出现的问题的史学，以及16世纪和17世纪初国家和哈萨克汗国的政治局势。卡迪尔·阿里·贝克(Kadyr Ali-bek)的《Jami al-tawarikh》、西伯利亚编年史、G.F.米勒(G.F. Miller)的《西伯利亚历史》(History of Siberia)中发现的民间传说和传统以及西伯利亚鞑靼人的地方历史著作等资料都被利用了。结果和研究的新颖性:进行的研究使我们得出结论，莫斯科选择像1600年哈萨克苏丹乌拉兹-穆罕默德这样的候选人来继承卡西莫夫的王位，是由莫斯科沙皇统治精英的政治意识形态考虑决定的。这些考虑可以用16世纪和17世纪前夕出现的东方政策领域的新挑战来解释，这些挑战对莫斯科沙皇来说非常重要。
{"title":"Political and ideological prerequisites for the enthronement of the Kazakh sultan Uraz-Muhammad in the Kasimov Khanate","authors":"D. Iskhakov, Z. Tychinskikh","doi":"10.22378/2313-6197.2023-11-2.397-410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22378/2313-6197.2023-11-2.397-410","url":null,"abstract":"Research objectives: The Kazakh sultan Uraz-Muhammad, who happened to find himself in the territory of the Moscow Tsardom in 1588, was elevated to the throne of the declining Kasimov Khanate in 1600. His arrival in this Turkic enclave yurt, which had been ruled by the Greater Horde dynasty (Sheikh-Avliyar, Shah-Ali, Sain-Bulat, Mustafa-Ali) for a considerable period since 1516, was a political innovation by the Kazakh sultan that remains not fully explained. At that time, representatives of other branches of the Chingisids, such as the significant group of Kuchumoviches (Shibanids), who were likely no less prominent than the Kazakh khans tracing their lineage to the Ordaids or Tukay-Timurids (more recently, primarily to the former), existed in the Moscow Tsardom. The general assessment expressed in the literature that Uraz-Muhammad’s enthronement in Kasimov was an action related to “the further implementation of the eastern policy of the Moscow Tsardom,” according to A.V. Belyakov’s words, lacks sufficient specificity. Therefore, the authors of this article considered it necessary to conduct a more detailed analysis of this issue. Research materials: The authors examined the historiography of the issue of Uraz-Muhammad’s appearance in the Moscow Tsardom, as well as the political situation at the turn of the 16th and 17th centuries in both the state and the Kazakh Khanate. Sources such as Kadyr Ali-bek’s “Jami al-tawarikh,” Siberian chronicles, as well as folk legends and traditions found in G.F. Miller’s work “History of Siberia” and Siberian Tatar local history writings were utilized. Results and novelty of the research: The conducted research allowed us to conclude that Moscow’s choice of a candidate like the Kazakh sultan Uraz-Muhammad for the Kasimov throne in 1600 was dictated by the politico-ideological considerations of the ruling elite of the Moscow Tsardom. These considerations were explained by the new challenges in the field of eastern policy that emerged on the eve of the 16th and 17th centuries, which were of great importance to the Moscow Tsardom.","PeriodicalId":41481,"journal":{"name":"Zolotoordynskoe Obozrenie-Golden Horde Review","volume":"19 3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78295535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-29DOI: 10.22378/2313-6197.2023-11-2.491-494
L. Giniyatullina
On March 2, 2023, Kazan hosted the International Scientific Conference “View from the Kasimov Khanate. Kadyr Ali-bek: historical memory of the Turkic-Tatar history”. The organizers of this event were the Marjani Institute of History of the Tatarstan Academy of Sciences (Kazan, RF); the Department of Turkology of the Institute of Slavic, Turkic and Circum-Baltic Studies of the Johannes Gutenberg University (Mainz, Germany); the Kasimov Historical and Cultural Museum-Reserve (Kasimov, RF); the International Public Organization “Association of Researchers of the Golden Horde” (Kazan, RF); and the Institute for Research of the Great Steppe (Almaty, Kazakhstan). The conference raised topical issues from the history of the Golden Horde and the post-Horde khanates with particular attention paid to the Kasimov Khanate and its Khan, Uraz-Muhammad. The main focus of the researchers was drawn to the work of Kadyr Ali-bek, his “Jami al-tawarikh”, which is still a valuable source for scholars from a wide range of fields. A presentation for the release of the academic edition of the work of Kadyr Ali-bek and the Z.A. Khisamieva’s book “The language of the dastans of Kadyr Ali-bek” was held within the framework of the conference. To date, the academic publication is the first and only one in which all known lists of “Jami al-tawarikh” by Kadyr Ali-bek are collected, and their archaeographic description is also provided. In addition, this edition contains a critical text, transcription, and translation into Russian of the entire text. The work of Z.A.Khisamieva presents a linguo-textological study of the dastans of the work, owing to which the author was able to confirm that the work was originally written in the Old Tatar language.
{"title":"International Scientific Conference “View from the Kasimov Khanate. Kadyr Ali-bek: historical memory of the Turkic-Tatar history” (Kazan, March 2, 2023)","authors":"L. Giniyatullina","doi":"10.22378/2313-6197.2023-11-2.491-494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22378/2313-6197.2023-11-2.491-494","url":null,"abstract":"On March 2, 2023, Kazan hosted the International Scientific Conference “View from the Kasimov Khanate. Kadyr Ali-bek: historical memory of the Turkic-Tatar history”. The organizers of this event were the Marjani Institute of History of the Tatarstan Academy of Sciences (Kazan, RF); the Department of Turkology of the Institute of Slavic, Turkic and Circum-Baltic Studies of the Johannes Gutenberg University (Mainz, Germany); the Kasimov Historical and Cultural Museum-Reserve (Kasimov, RF); the International Public Organization “Association of Researchers of the Golden Horde” (Kazan, RF); and the Institute for Research of the Great Steppe (Almaty, Kazakhstan). The conference raised topical issues from the history of the Golden Horde and the post-Horde khanates with particular attention paid to the Kasimov Khanate and its Khan, Uraz-Muhammad. The main focus of the researchers was drawn to the work of Kadyr Ali-bek, his “Jami al-tawarikh”, which is still a valuable source for scholars from a wide range of fields. A presentation for the release of the academic edition of the work of Kadyr Ali-bek and the Z.A. Khisamieva’s book “The language of the dastans of Kadyr Ali-bek” was held within the framework of the conference. To date, the academic publication is the first and only one in which all known lists of “Jami al-tawarikh” by Kadyr Ali-bek are collected, and their archaeographic description is also provided. In addition, this edition contains a critical text, transcription, and translation into Russian of the entire text. The work of Z.A.Khisamieva presents a linguo-textological study of the dastans of the work, owing to which the author was able to confirm that the work was originally written in the Old Tatar language.","PeriodicalId":41481,"journal":{"name":"Zolotoordynskoe Obozrenie-Golden Horde Review","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74337176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-29DOI: 10.22378/2313-6197.2023-11-2.258-265
Zamzamiya A. Khisamieva
Research objectives: Examination of the controversial and unresolved linguistic and textual issues in Kadyr Ali-bek’s work “Jami al-tawarikh”. Research materials: For the study, “original” dastans related to the Turkic-Tatar history were utilized. In general, the work consists of three parts: the madhya (eulogy) of Boris Fedorovich Godunov, the translation of part of the work of Rashid al-Din and the dastans about the khans and their protégée Idegei. Results and novelty of the research: In this work, grammatical forms and vocabulary from various dialects of the Turkic-Tatar language are combined. The language used in the original daastans is more formal than colloquial, but it cannot be considered an example of literary style. Regarding the classification of the language of the dastans, it is concluded that the composition is written in Old Tatar language, as indicated by the Tatar vocabulary. When comparing Tatar and Chagatai languages, it is necessary to consider that different traditions were encompassed in the Chagatai classification. Old Tatar language can be attributed to the Chagatai tradition.
{"title":"The work of Kadyr Ali-bek: some debatable aspects","authors":"Zamzamiya A. Khisamieva","doi":"10.22378/2313-6197.2023-11-2.258-265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22378/2313-6197.2023-11-2.258-265","url":null,"abstract":"Research objectives: Examination of the controversial and unresolved linguistic and textual issues in Kadyr Ali-bek’s work “Jami al-tawarikh”. Research materials: For the study, “original” dastans related to the Turkic-Tatar history were utilized. In general, the work consists of three parts: the madhya (eulogy) of Boris Fedorovich Godunov, the translation of part of the work of Rashid al-Din and the dastans about the khans and their protégée Idegei. Results and novelty of the research: In this work, grammatical forms and vocabulary from various dialects of the Turkic-Tatar language are combined. The language used in the original daastans is more formal than colloquial, but it cannot be considered an example of literary style. Regarding the classification of the language of the dastans, it is concluded that the composition is written in Old Tatar language, as indicated by the Tatar vocabulary. When comparing Tatar and Chagatai languages, it is necessary to consider that different traditions were encompassed in the Chagatai classification. Old Tatar language can be attributed to the Chagatai tradition.","PeriodicalId":41481,"journal":{"name":"Zolotoordynskoe Obozrenie-Golden Horde Review","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83989581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-29DOI: 10.22378/2313-6197.2023-11-2.349-370
H. Nagamine
Research objective: This article reviews the structure of Qādir ʻAlī Beg’s historiography and compares it with other Later Jochid sources while considering its historical understanding of the Tuqay Timurids, Shibanids, and Crimean Khanate. In addition, it considers how such texts understood the reorganization of the Jochid Ulus. Research materials: Qādir ‘Alī Beg’s historical understanding is deeply reflected in the order of dāstāns in the original part. Based on the structure and historical understanding of Qādir ʻAlī Beg’s historiography, this article pays attention to the structure of other Later Jochid sources such as: Anonym. Tavārīkh-i Guzīda(-yi) Nuṣrat-nāma, Maḥmūd b. Amīr Walī’s Baḥr al-Asrār fī Manāqib al-Akhyār, Ötämish Ḥājī’s Chingīz-nāma / Qara Tavārīkh, Abu’l-Ghāzī’s Shajara-yi Turk (va Mughūl), and Seyyid Muḥammed Riḍā’s Seven Planets in Report about Tatar Rulers. Results and novelty of the research: In general, the Later Jochid states are called “khanates” by the name of the territory or group they ruled. However, when we look at the structure of the Later Jochid sources, including Qādir ʻAlī Beg’s historiography, the descriptions in the sources further confirm that each state was recognized by its ruling family. Complementing the history and genealogy, the consciousness of belonging to the “Jochids / Jochid Ulus” was preserved, and it is seen that they recognized their belonging to the “Tuqay Timurids” and “Shibanids.” Qādir ʻAlī Beg’s historiography and the other Later Jochid sources have a common historical understanding that the Jochid Ulus was reorganized by the “Tuqay Timurids” and “Shibanids.” This work inherited the tradition of Turkic-Mongolian historiography; in addition, in this respect this work can be positioned as one of the Later Jochid sources. Against the widespread theory that the fall of the “Great Horde” in 1502 was the fall of the Jochid Ulus (Golden Horde), there is a remarkable ongoing argument that the Crimean Khanate claimed to be the successor of the “Great Horde.” On the other hand, from the description of this work and the Shajara-yi Turk, we confirm that no specific information about the Crimean Khanate was brought neither to the Later Jochid states in the east, nor to Kasimov. The relationship between the Crimean Khanate and the other Late Jochid states, the study of historical understanding of the Later Jochid sources and their comparison with the sources of neighboring states is an important issue for future research.
研究目的:本文回顾了Qādir al - Beg史学的结构，并将其与其他后期约希德史料进行了比较，同时考虑了其对图盖帖木儿、什叶派和克里米亚汗国的历史理解。此外，它还考虑了这些文本如何理解约希德乌勒斯的重组。研究资料:Qādir ' al ' Beg的历史认识在原文中以dāstāns的顺序深刻体现。本文在对Qādir阿贝格史学的结构和历史认识的基础上，对《佚名》等《后约希德》史料的结构进行了考察。Tavārīkh-i Guzīda(易建联)νṣrat-nā马,马ḥmūd b。我īr细胞膜ī’s英航ḥr al-Asrār fī男人āqib al-Akhyār, OtamishḤājī’s Chingīznāma / Qara Tavārīkh,阿布'l-Ghāzī’s Shajara-yi土耳其人(va这个ūl),和Seyyidμḥ是国际扶轮ḍā’s七行星汇报鞑靼统治者。研究结果和新颖性:一般来说，后约喜得王朝被称为“汗国”，以其统治的领土或集团的名称命名。然而，当我们看《后期约希德》资料的结构时，包括Qādir的历史编纂，资料中的描述进一步证实了每个国家都被其统治家族所承认。与历史和宗谱相辅相成的是，“约希德人/约希德乌勒斯人”的归属意识被保留下来，可以看出他们承认自己属于“图盖帖木儿人”和“什巴尼人”。Qādir霍·阿尔·贝格的史学和其他后来的约希德史料都有一个共同的历史认识，即约希德乌勒斯是由“图盖帖木儿”和“什叶派”重新组织的。这部作品继承了突厥-蒙古史学的传统;此外，在这方面，这部作品可以定位为后约希得的来源之一。人们普遍认为1502年“大汗国”的灭亡是金帐汗国(Jochid Ulus，金帐汗国)的灭亡，但与此相反，一个引人注目的持续争论是，克里米亚汗国声称自己是“大汗国”的继承者。另一方面，从这部作品的描述和沙加拉-伊土耳其人，我们确认没有关于克里米亚汗国的具体信息被带到东部的后约希德国家，也没有给卡西莫夫。克里米亚汗国与其他后约喜德诸国的关系、对后约喜德史料的历史认识及其与邻国史料的比较研究是未来研究的一个重要问题。
{"title":"Tuqay-Timurids, Shibanids, and the Crimean Khanate in Qādir ʻAlī Beg’s historiography: How did the Later Jochid Sources Understand the Reorganization of the Jochid Ulus?","authors":"H. Nagamine","doi":"10.22378/2313-6197.2023-11-2.349-370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22378/2313-6197.2023-11-2.349-370","url":null,"abstract":"Research objective: This article reviews the structure of Qādir ʻAlī Beg’s historiography and compares it with other Later Jochid sources while considering its historical understanding of the Tuqay Timurids, Shibanids, and Crimean Khanate. In addition, it considers how such texts understood the reorganization of the Jochid Ulus. Research materials: Qādir ‘Alī Beg’s historical understanding is deeply reflected in the order of dāstāns in the original part. Based on the structure and historical understanding of Qādir ʻAlī Beg’s historiography, this article pays attention to the structure of other Later Jochid sources such as: Anonym. Tavārīkh-i Guzīda(-yi) Nuṣrat-nāma, Maḥmūd b. Amīr Walī’s Baḥr al-Asrār fī Manāqib al-Akhyār, Ötämish Ḥājī’s Chingīz-nāma / Qara Tavārīkh, Abu’l-Ghāzī’s Shajara-yi Turk (va Mughūl), and Seyyid Muḥammed Riḍā’s Seven Planets in Report about Tatar Rulers. Results and novelty of the research: In general, the Later Jochid states are called “khanates” by the name of the territory or group they ruled. However, when we look at the structure of the Later Jochid sources, including Qādir ʻAlī Beg’s historiography, the descriptions in the sources further confirm that each state was recognized by its ruling family. Complementing the history and genealogy, the consciousness of belonging to the “Jochids / Jochid Ulus” was preserved, and it is seen that they recognized their belonging to the “Tuqay Timurids” and “Shibanids.” Qādir ʻAlī Beg’s historiography and the other Later Jochid sources have a common historical understanding that the Jochid Ulus was reorganized by the “Tuqay Timurids” and “Shibanids.” This work inherited the tradition of Turkic-Mongolian historiography; in addition, in this respect this work can be positioned as one of the Later Jochid sources. Against the widespread theory that the fall of the “Great Horde” in 1502 was the fall of the Jochid Ulus (Golden Horde), there is a remarkable ongoing argument that the Crimean Khanate claimed to be the successor of the “Great Horde.” On the other hand, from the description of this work and the Shajara-yi Turk, we confirm that no specific information about the Crimean Khanate was brought neither to the Later Jochid states in the east, nor to Kasimov. The relationship between the Crimean Khanate and the other Late Jochid states, the study of historical understanding of the Later Jochid sources and their comparison with the sources of neighboring states is an important issue for future research.","PeriodicalId":41481,"journal":{"name":"Zolotoordynskoe Obozrenie-Golden Horde Review","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79134497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-29DOI: 10.22378/2313-6197.2023-11-2.483-490
I. Izmailov, I. Mirgaleev
Research objectives: To consider the creative path and the main views of V.V. Trepavlov and his influence on the development of ideas about the ethnic history of the peoples of steppe Eurasia and the national policy of Russia during the Middle Ages and early Modern times. Research materials: The authors in the article relied on numerous scientific publications by V.V. Trepavlov, as well as personal impressions of meetings with him in the process of working on various scientific projects and at scientific conferences. Results and novelty of the research: The authors consider the formation of V.V. Trepavlov as a unique specialist who combined excellent source studies and deep knowledge of the history of the steppe peoples of Eurasia from the Mongolian Empire to Imperial Russia with the understanding that these were processes of constant interaction of socio-political and cultural-religious phenomena. His work became an event, because it was distinguished by a strict integrated approach to the problem under study using the entire range of sources, but also by an emphatically scientific approach, avoiding any politicization in every possible way. A stage in the scientific study of the medieval peoples of Eurasia was his work on the Nogai Horde, in which the author presented a complete and exhaustive description of this ethnopolitical formation. He applied this methodology to the study of the formation of a multinational and multi-confessional Russian state and the important role played in these processes by non-Russian peoples, primarily serving Tatars, emphasizing that the tsarist government underwent significant transformations in this process.
{"title":"“The significance of the Golden Horde for the history of Eurasia is no less than the significance of Byzantium”: in memory of Vadim Vintserovich Trepavlov (1960–2023)","authors":"I. Izmailov, I. Mirgaleev","doi":"10.22378/2313-6197.2023-11-2.483-490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22378/2313-6197.2023-11-2.483-490","url":null,"abstract":"Research objectives: To consider the creative path and the main views of V.V. Trepavlov and his influence on the development of ideas about the ethnic history of the peoples of steppe Eurasia and the national policy of Russia during the Middle Ages and early Modern times. Research materials: The authors in the article relied on numerous scientific publications by V.V. Trepavlov, as well as personal impressions of meetings with him in the process of working on various scientific projects and at scientific conferences. Results and novelty of the research: The authors consider the formation of V.V. Trepavlov as a unique specialist who combined excellent source studies and deep knowledge of the history of the steppe peoples of Eurasia from the Mongolian Empire to Imperial Russia with the understanding that these were processes of constant interaction of socio-political and cultural-religious phenomena. His work became an event, because it was distinguished by a strict integrated approach to the problem under study using the entire range of sources, but also by an emphatically scientific approach, avoiding any politicization in every possible way. A stage in the scientific study of the medieval peoples of Eurasia was his work on the Nogai Horde, in which the author presented a complete and exhaustive description of this ethnopolitical formation. He applied this methodology to the study of the formation of a multinational and multi-confessional Russian state and the important role played in these processes by non-Russian peoples, primarily serving Tatars, emphasizing that the tsarist government underwent significant transformations in this process.","PeriodicalId":41481,"journal":{"name":"Zolotoordynskoe Obozrenie-Golden Horde Review","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74009058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-29DOI: 10.22378/2313-6197.2023-11-2.473-482
A. Akhunov
Research objectives: This article is about the study of the Tatar archaeographer G. Rakhim which was dedicated to “Jami‘ al-tawarikh” by Kadyr Ali-bek, and which was published as a separate chapter in the third part of the “History of Tatar Literature”. This work, published in 1922–1923 in Kazan in the Tatar Arabic script, for various reasons was out of the field of view of researchers and until recently inaccessible to a wide range of scientists. Research materials: The scientific work of G. Rakhim, an example of one of the first studies of the Modern period written in the traditions of European historiography, is distinguished by an original approach and depth of study to the undertaken subject. In this text, G. Rakhim analyzes the “Jami al-tawarikh” of Kadyr Ali-bek and makes a number of important conclusions. In general, G. Rakhim’s work has independent significance as an important source for Tatar historiography. Results and novelty of the research: This publication provides a brief overview of G. Rakhim’s research, and also introduces the text of the work itself into scientific circulation for the first time via its translation into Russian.
{"title":"Tatar archaeographer Gali Rakhim on Kadyr Ali-bek’s “Jami‘ al-tawarikh“","authors":"A. Akhunov","doi":"10.22378/2313-6197.2023-11-2.473-482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22378/2313-6197.2023-11-2.473-482","url":null,"abstract":"Research objectives: This article is about the study of the Tatar archaeographer G. Rakhim which was dedicated to “Jami‘ al-tawarikh” by Kadyr Ali-bek, and which was published as a separate chapter in the third part of the “History of Tatar Literature”. This work, published in 1922–1923 in Kazan in the Tatar Arabic script, for various reasons was out of the field of view of researchers and until recently inaccessible to a wide range of scientists. Research materials: The scientific work of G. Rakhim, an example of one of the first studies of the Modern period written in the traditions of European historiography, is distinguished by an original approach and depth of study to the undertaken subject. In this text, G. Rakhim analyzes the “Jami al-tawarikh” of Kadyr Ali-bek and makes a number of important conclusions. In general, G. Rakhim’s work has independent significance as an important source for Tatar historiography. Results and novelty of the research: This publication provides a brief overview of G. Rakhim’s research, and also introduces the text of the work itself into scientific circulation for the first time via its translation into Russian.","PeriodicalId":41481,"journal":{"name":"Zolotoordynskoe Obozrenie-Golden Horde Review","volume":"148 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77369002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-29DOI: 10.22378/2313-6197.2023-11-2.317-334
I. Izmailov
The aim of this study is to identify and determine elements of the social structure of the Ulus of Juchi and Tatar khanates in the 16thaand 17th centuries according to the materials of “Jami al-tawarikh” by Kadyr Ali-bek. Research materials: The article uses a new edition of “Jami al-tawarikh” by Kadyr Ali-bek – the latest academic translation of the “Compendium of chronicles”. Novelty and Results of the Study: “Jami al-tawarikh” is the most important source on the history of the Ulus of Jochi and Tatar khanates at the threshold of the modern era, but also an important testimony on the internal social structure of these states. Kadyr Ali-bek was not only a very high-ranking dignitary and aristocrat, but also a man who knew and recorded how this system functioned in practice. For him, the titulature and many important attributes of power were natural and full of meaning. Viewing this system through his eyes allows us to understand some points that have eluded researchers when analyzing it from other sources. Kadyr Ali-bek’s work mentions the most important elements in the social and class structure of Tatar society in the Ulus of Jochi and Tatar khanates, as well as the mechanisms behind their interaction, such as ruling clans, karachi-beks, atalyk, and emildyash (emildäš) foster-brothers.
{"title":"The social structure of Ulus of Jochi and Turkic-Tatar khanates according to materials of “Jami al-tawarikh” by Kadyr Ali-bek","authors":"I. Izmailov","doi":"10.22378/2313-6197.2023-11-2.317-334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22378/2313-6197.2023-11-2.317-334","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to identify and determine elements of the social structure of the Ulus of Juchi and Tatar khanates in the 16thaand 17th centuries according to the materials of “Jami al-tawarikh” by Kadyr Ali-bek. Research materials: The article uses a new edition of “Jami al-tawarikh” by Kadyr Ali-bek – the latest academic translation of the “Compendium of chronicles”. Novelty and Results of the Study: “Jami al-tawarikh” is the most important source on the history of the Ulus of Jochi and Tatar khanates at the threshold of the modern era, but also an important testimony on the internal social structure of these states. Kadyr Ali-bek was not only a very high-ranking dignitary and aristocrat, but also a man who knew and recorded how this system functioned in practice. For him, the titulature and many important attributes of power were natural and full of meaning. Viewing this system through his eyes allows us to understand some points that have eluded researchers when analyzing it from other sources. Kadyr Ali-bek’s work mentions the most important elements in the social and class structure of Tatar society in the Ulus of Jochi and Tatar khanates, as well as the mechanisms behind their interaction, such as ruling clans, karachi-beks, atalyk, and emildyash (emildäš) foster-brothers.","PeriodicalId":41481,"journal":{"name":"Zolotoordynskoe Obozrenie-Golden Horde Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88731487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-29DOI: 10.22378/2313-6197.2023-11-2.453-462
Z. Sabitov, S. Tuleubayeva
Research objectives: The purpose of this study is to analyze the reliability of Idegei’s “Kureish genealogy” from the “Jami al-tawarikh” by Kadyr Ali-bek and the treatise “On the family of the Yusupov princes”, as well as the reconstruction of Idegei’s genealogy according to all primary sources known to us. Results and novelty of the research: The materials of the study comprise: “Jami al-tawarikh” by Kadyr Ali-bek; the treatise “On the family of the Yusupov princes” which speaks of the Arab origins of Idegei from Baba Tukles Shashty Aziz, a descendant of Caliph Abu Bakr. However, there are other sources about his origin. Most alternative sources refer to him as originating from the Mongol tribe Mangyt, sometimes indicating the subgenus Ak Mangyt. In the Epic of the Forty Batyrs of Crimea, the genealogy is indicated up to a certain Anshibai, the father of Parparia, who is also known as Baba Tukles Shashty Aziz. In previous publications, we have put forward a hypothesis about the origin of Idegei from Yandzhi, the son of Kurmisha, whom we identified with Anshibai. In this article, this hypothesis is argued further and developed on the basis of data from the Arabic source, Zubdat al Fikr. The theory about the origin of Idegei from Emir Chagan of the Mangyt clan, who lived during the Mongol Empire, is substantiated. The subgenus Ak Mangyt (“White Mangyt”) in the Golden Horde could come from Chagan Noyan (a translation of the name that in Mongolian means “white”) from the clan Mangyt. This article also explains where Idegei’s “Kureish genealogy” came from.
研究目的:本研究的目的是分析Idegei从Kadyr Ali-bek的《Jami al-tawarikh》和《On The family of The Yusupov princes》中所述的“Kureish家谱”的可靠性，并根据我们所知的所有第一手资料重建Idegei的家谱。研究结果与新颖性:研究材料包括:Kadyr Ali-bek的《Jami al-tawarikh》;《论尤苏波夫王子家族》一书中提到了Idegei的阿拉伯起源，来自哈里发阿布·贝克尔的后裔巴巴·图克尔·沙什蒂·阿齐兹。然而，关于他的起源还有其他来源。大多数替代来源指他起源于蒙古部落Mangyt，有时表明亚属Ak Mangyt。在《克里米亚的四十巴特尔史诗》中，家谱显示了一个特定的Anshibai, Parparia的父亲，他也被称为Baba Tukles Shashty Aziz。在以前的出版物中，我们提出了一种假说，认为爱德格的起源来自于库尔米沙的儿子延之，我们认为他与安石白是同一人。在本文中，这一假设是进一步论证和发展的基础上，从阿拉伯语来源的数据，Zubdat al Fikr。从蒙古帝国时期Mangyt氏族的埃米尔查干(Emir Chagan)那里得到的关于Idegei起源的理论得到了证实。金帐汗国的Ak Mangyt亚属(“白色Mangyt”)可能来自Mangyt族的Chagan Noyan(蒙古语中这个名字的翻译意思是“白色”)。这篇文章也解释了Idegei的“Kureish genealogy”的来源。
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