Pub Date : 2018-05-07DOI: 10.1163/21540993-00901003
Paul Naylor
This paper explores the conflict between Abdullahi dan Fodio and his nephew, Muhammad Bello, over the origin of their ethnic group, the Torobbe-Fulani. Initially open to his uncle’s theories of an Arabocentric migration narrative, Bello went on to change his views abruptly and undermine his uncle’s work. Through sketching the background to the conflict followed by a close reading of the documents themselves–Abdullahi’s īdāʿ al-nusūkh and Bello’s critical commentary to it, the ḥāshiya –I suggest these documents offer different models for political legitimacy. Prefaced by a critical analysis of the use of the Fodiawa’s Arabic writings in Sokoto historiography, I suggest that future approaches must take into account the political nature of these documents, the specific contexts in which they were produced and the personal relationships of their authors.
{"title":"Abdullahi dan Fodio and Muhammad Bello’s Debate over the Torobbe-Fulani: Case Study for a New Methodology for Arabic Primary Source Material from West Africa","authors":"Paul Naylor","doi":"10.1163/21540993-00901003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/21540993-00901003","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the conflict between Abdullahi dan Fodio and his nephew, Muhammad Bello, over the origin of their ethnic group, the Torobbe-Fulani. Initially open to his uncle’s theories of an Arabocentric migration narrative, Bello went on to change his views abruptly and undermine his uncle’s work. Through sketching the background to the conflict followed by a close reading of the documents themselves–Abdullahi’s īdāʿ al-nusūkh and Bello’s critical commentary to it, the ḥāshiya –I suggest these documents offer different models for political legitimacy. Prefaced by a critical analysis of the use of the Fodiawa’s Arabic writings in Sokoto historiography, I suggest that future approaches must take into account the political nature of these documents, the specific contexts in which they were produced and the personal relationships of their authors.","PeriodicalId":41507,"journal":{"name":"Islamic Africa","volume":"39 1","pages":"34-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78922456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-07DOI: 10.1163/21540993-00901001
Amir Syed, C. C. Stewart
The previous volume of Islamic Africa (vol. 8, 2017), guest-edited by Fallou Ngom and Mustapha H. Kurfi, was devoted to seven essays addressing ʿajami texts in Africa. Like the four articles that follow, they were presented at the 2016 Symposium held in the memory of Professor John O. Hunwick (1936–2015) at Northwestern University, “Sacred Word: Changing Meanings in Textual Cultures of Islamic Africa.”1 The four essays here feature a close analysis of the internal meanings of texts from Islamic Africa.2 The symposium’s emphasis was on research that is now re-shaping our use of Arabic and Arabic-script manuscripts in Africa. Participants were asked to reflect on both Arabic and ʿajami writing (African languages written in the Arabic alphabet), as well as textual analyses. Within those foci, the symposium call-for-papers specified an interest in the meaning and the sanctity of the Word in the lives of African Muslim authors and their communities, and it asked how these may have changed across time. This set of papers highlights some of the most significant contributions that can be obtained from a close-reading
《伊斯兰非洲》的上一卷(2017年第8卷)由Fallou Ngom和Mustapha H. Kurfi客座编辑，专门收录了七篇关于非洲的《雅jami》文本的文章。与下面的四篇文章一样，它们是在2016年西北大学为纪念约翰·o·亨维克教授(1936-2015)而举行的题为“神圣的话语:伊斯兰非洲文本文化中的意义变化”的研讨会上发表的。这里的四篇文章对来自伊斯兰非洲的文本的内在意义进行了细致的分析。2研讨会的重点是现在正在重新塑造我们在非洲使用阿拉伯语和阿拉伯文字手稿的研究。参与者被要求对阿拉伯语和阿拉伯语书写(用阿拉伯字母书写的非洲语言)以及文本分析进行反思。在这些重点中，专题讨论会的征文说明了对非洲穆斯林作家及其社区生活中圣经的意义和神圣性的兴趣，并询问了这些是如何随着时间的推移而变化的。这组论文强调了一些最重要的贡献，可以从仔细阅读中获得
{"title":"From Texts to Meanings: Close Reading of the Textual Cultures of Islamic Africa","authors":"Amir Syed, C. C. Stewart","doi":"10.1163/21540993-00901001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/21540993-00901001","url":null,"abstract":"The previous volume of Islamic Africa (vol. 8, 2017), guest-edited by Fallou Ngom and Mustapha H. Kurfi, was devoted to seven essays addressing ʿajami texts in Africa. Like the four articles that follow, they were presented at the 2016 Symposium held in the memory of Professor John O. Hunwick (1936–2015) at Northwestern University, “Sacred Word: Changing Meanings in Textual Cultures of Islamic Africa.”1 The four essays here feature a close analysis of the internal meanings of texts from Islamic Africa.2 The symposium’s emphasis was on research that is now re-shaping our use of Arabic and Arabic-script manuscripts in Africa. Participants were asked to reflect on both Arabic and ʿajami writing (African languages written in the Arabic alphabet), as well as textual analyses. Within those foci, the symposium call-for-papers specified an interest in the meaning and the sanctity of the Word in the lives of African Muslim authors and their communities, and it asked how these may have changed across time. This set of papers highlights some of the most significant contributions that can be obtained from a close-reading","PeriodicalId":41507,"journal":{"name":"Islamic Africa","volume":"34 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78944119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-07DOI: 10.1163/21540993-00901011
Zachary Valentine Wright
{"title":"Ahmad al-Tijânî de Fès: une sanctuaire soufi aux connexions transnationales , written by Johara Berriane","authors":"Zachary Valentine Wright","doi":"10.1163/21540993-00901011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/21540993-00901011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41507,"journal":{"name":"Islamic Africa","volume":"7 1","pages":"130-132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79177070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-07DOI: 10.1163/21540993-00901007
Benedikt Pontzen
{"title":"Islamic Revivalism in Contemporary Ghana , written by Yunus Dumbe","authors":"Benedikt Pontzen","doi":"10.1163/21540993-00901007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/21540993-00901007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41507,"journal":{"name":"Islamic Africa","volume":"3 4 1","pages":"113-117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79409690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-07DOI: 10.1163/21540993-00901004
J. Dell
Thanks to the work of scholars on both sides of the Atlantic, the orthographic practice known as “ ʿajami ,” or the writing of non-Arabic languages in Arabic script, is better known today than ever before, expanding alongside scholarly efforts to understand it. This article contributes to this renewed interest by examining the first known commentary on the Qur’an written entirely in Wolofal, or Wolof in modified Arabic script. Contra the prevailing populist spirit of contemporary ʿajami scholarship, it argues that ʿajami texts were not always intended for an audience of non-Arabophones. In the case of Mawridu al-ẓamān fī tafsīr al-qurān , a Wolofal commentary written by the Murid scholar Muhammadu Dem (d. 1965), ʿajami techniques were employed to produce a text explicitly intended for a specialized audience already literate in Arabic. Dem’s commentary therefore qualifies the argument that ʿajami texts necessarily reached non-Arabophone audiences.
由于大西洋两岸学者的努力，被称为“阿贾米”的正字法实践，即用阿拉伯字母书写非阿拉伯语的做法，今天比以往任何时候都更加为人所知，随着学术努力的扩大，对它的理解也在不断扩大。这篇文章通过研究第一个完全用沃洛夫语或沃洛夫语修改的阿拉伯文字写的《古兰经》注释，有助于这种重新燃起的兴趣。与当代阿jami学者盛行的民粹主义精神相反，它认为阿jami文本并不总是为非阿拉伯语听众设计的。在Murid学者Muhammadu Dem(1965年)撰写的Wolofal评论《mawrdu al-ẓamān f ' tafs æ r al-qurān》中，采用了《al- jami》的技术，明确地为已经懂阿拉伯语的专业读者编写了一篇文本。因此，Dem的评论证明了《阿jami》文本一定会到达非阿拉伯语听众的论点。
{"title":"Unbraiding the Qu’ran: Wolofal and the Tafsīr Tradition of Senegambia","authors":"J. Dell","doi":"10.1163/21540993-00901004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/21540993-00901004","url":null,"abstract":"Thanks to the work of scholars on both sides of the Atlantic, the orthographic practice known as “ ʿajami ,” or the writing of non-Arabic languages in Arabic script, is better known today than ever before, expanding alongside scholarly efforts to understand it. This article contributes to this renewed interest by examining the first known commentary on the Qur’an written entirely in Wolofal, or Wolof in modified Arabic script. Contra the prevailing populist spirit of contemporary ʿajami scholarship, it argues that ʿajami texts were not always intended for an audience of non-Arabophones. In the case of Mawridu al-ẓamān fī tafsīr al-qurān , a Wolofal commentary written by the Murid scholar Muhammadu Dem (d. 1965), ʿajami techniques were employed to produce a text explicitly intended for a specialized audience already literate in Arabic. Dem’s commentary therefore qualifies the argument that ʿajami texts necessarily reached non-Arabophone audiences.","PeriodicalId":41507,"journal":{"name":"Islamic Africa","volume":"80 1","pages":"55-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80879970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-07DOI: 10.1163/21540993-00901002
Stephanie Zehnle
This paper is devoted to geographical knowledge of the world and the definition of homeland and outland among the elite of the early Sokoto Caliphate (ca. 1800–1840). It argues that with the creation of a territorial jihadist state, geography became an important tool within religious and political discourses because in Sokoto warfare was predicated upon a precise mapping of the “Land of Islam” and the “Land of Unbelief”. The circulation of contradictory accounts about landscapes and rivers in the Sahel via medieval Arabic books, traders, pilgrims and soldiers, will receive special attention. The key argument is that written geographical accounts and cartography from Sokoto were not only restricted by the information available for this task, but also by the characteristics of the genres: texts can express uncertainties about concepts of space, in contrast, cartography requires geographical definition and spatial exactitude. This article is thus dedicated to the analysis of content and form of geographical discourses in the early Sokoto State by the comparison of texts and a map.
{"title":"“Where is My Region?” Geographical Representation and Textuality in Sokoto","authors":"Stephanie Zehnle","doi":"10.1163/21540993-00901002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/21540993-00901002","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is devoted to geographical knowledge of the world and the definition of homeland and outland among the elite of the early Sokoto Caliphate (ca. 1800–1840). It argues that with the creation of a territorial jihadist state, geography became an important tool within religious and political discourses because in Sokoto warfare was predicated upon a precise mapping of the “Land of Islam” and the “Land of Unbelief”. The circulation of contradictory accounts about landscapes and rivers in the Sahel via medieval Arabic books, traders, pilgrims and soldiers, will receive special attention. The key argument is that written geographical accounts and cartography from Sokoto were not only restricted by the information available for this task, but also by the characteristics of the genres: texts can express uncertainties about concepts of space, in contrast, cartography requires geographical definition and spatial exactitude. This article is thus dedicated to the analysis of content and form of geographical discourses in the early Sokoto State by the comparison of texts and a map.","PeriodicalId":41507,"journal":{"name":"Islamic Africa","volume":"1 1","pages":"10-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82939977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-07DOI: 10.1163/21540993-00901008
Albrecht Hofheinz
{"title":"The Arabic Script in Africa: Studies in the Use of a Writing System , edited by Meikal Mumin and Kees Versteegh","authors":"Albrecht Hofheinz","doi":"10.1163/21540993-00901008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/21540993-00901008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41507,"journal":{"name":"Islamic Africa","volume":"1 1","pages":"118-122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88584327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-10-17DOI: 10.1163/21540993-00801011
O. Kane
{"title":"Living Knowledge in West African Islam. The Sufi Community of Ibrahim Niasse, written by Zachary Valentine Wright","authors":"O. Kane","doi":"10.1163/21540993-00801011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/21540993-00801011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41507,"journal":{"name":"Islamic Africa","volume":"50 1","pages":"229-231"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2017-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79211570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-10-17DOI: 10.1163/21540993-00801013
K. Vikør
{"title":"Arabic Literature of Africa: Volume 5. The Writings of Mauritania and the Western Sahara, written by Charles C. Stewart, with Sidi Ahmed Wuld Ahmed Salim","authors":"K. Vikør","doi":"10.1163/21540993-00801013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/21540993-00801013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41507,"journal":{"name":"Islamic Africa","volume":"29 1","pages":"232-236"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2017-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85887886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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