The article considers an algorithm for constructing a virtual model explaining the use of the plane-parallel displacement method for solving metric problems. One of the main tasks of descriptive geometry is the development of spatial thinking among students, the ability to depict spatial forms on a plane in the form of projections and, conversely, to represent a spatial form using flat images (projections). The use of solid-state models develops the ability to mentally reproduce a spatial image of an object of complex shape according to its drawing. 3D computer methods allow solving and investigating problems that cannot be solved by constructive and analytical methods. An accurate and visual source of information about an object becomes its volumetric model, with the help of which the correct solution of the task in the drawing is formed. The material presented in the article will be useful to all students of technical educational institutions.
{"title":"Solutions of metric problems by the method of plane-parallel movement with the use of three-dimensional modeling system Autodesk Inventor","authors":"O. M. Koryagina","doi":"10.33920/pro-2-2211-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/pro-2-2211-05","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers an algorithm for constructing a virtual model explaining the use of the plane-parallel displacement method for solving metric problems. One of the main tasks of descriptive geometry is the development of spatial thinking among students, the ability to depict spatial forms on a plane in the form of projections and, conversely, to represent a spatial form using flat images (projections). The use of solid-state models develops the ability to mentally reproduce a spatial image of an object of complex shape according to its drawing. 3D computer methods allow solving and investigating problems that cannot be solved by constructive and analytical methods. An accurate and visual source of information about an object becomes its volumetric model, with the help of which the correct solution of the task in the drawing is formed. The material presented in the article will be useful to all students of technical educational institutions.","PeriodicalId":415140,"journal":{"name":"Glavnyj mekhanik (Chief Mechanic)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115489754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Yudachev, N. Gordienko, P. A. Monakhov, S. Sitnikov
The article describes programming algorithms for finding and processing a signal. The practical significance of the work is the study of the basics of programming in C and Python. Getting to know the Visual studio integrated programming environment is a popular environment for writing, debugging and compiling code, available for download in the public domain. It also includes most of the libraries used, which simplify writing code. And Anaconda is a distribution for the Python programming language, which includes a set of free libraries, which is also freely available. The interaction of C and Python languages is demonstrated by the example of constructing random variables distributed according to Relley's law using probability theory. Using the C language, the task of calculating data and filling it into an array was performed, Python was used for modeling, constructing histograms and comparing the results obtained with theoretical ones. This work can be used to train students of higher educational institutions for the purpose of familiarization, as well as further used to determine a false alarm used in finding an adaptive threshold for primary signal processing in radar. The syntax of each language and their strengths are considered. Familiarization and study of these programming languages are conducted within the walls of one of the leading engineering universities of the Russian Federation, the Bauman Moscow State Technical University.
{"title":"Programming the Relley distribution","authors":"S. Yudachev, N. Gordienko, P. A. Monakhov, S. Sitnikov","doi":"10.33920/pro-2-2207-06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/pro-2-2207-06","url":null,"abstract":"The article describes programming algorithms for finding and processing a signal. The practical significance of the work is the study of the basics of programming in C and Python. Getting to know the Visual studio integrated programming environment is a popular environment for writing, debugging and compiling code, available for download in the public domain. It also includes most of the libraries used, which simplify writing code. And Anaconda is a distribution for the Python programming language, which includes a set of free libraries, which is also freely available. The interaction of C and Python languages is demonstrated by the example of constructing random variables distributed according to Relley's law using probability theory. Using the C language, the task of calculating data and filling it into an array was performed, Python was used for modeling, constructing histograms and comparing the results obtained with theoretical ones. This work can be used to train students of higher educational institutions for the purpose of familiarization, as well as further used to determine a false alarm used in finding an adaptive threshold for primary signal processing in radar. The syntax of each language and their strengths are considered. Familiarization and study of these programming languages are conducted within the walls of one of the leading engineering universities of the Russian Federation, the Bauman Moscow State Technical University.","PeriodicalId":415140,"journal":{"name":"Glavnyj mekhanik (Chief Mechanic)","volume":"190 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121100144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
When designing structures of mechanisms, it is relevant to solve the problem of controlling their internal forces in order to create adaptive machines that automatically adjust to a sudden, exceeding the calculated, external load. The stress state of a three-disc flat almost instantaneously changeable system is investigated in order to use it in controlled puffs. The change of forces arising in the rods of this system is considered, depending on the control moment of the force and the angles of inclination of each rod. Based on the results of calculations, graphs of changes in internal forces in the rods of an almost instantly changeable system are constructed and recommendations on the design are given.
{"title":"Designing a working quasi-mechanism of controlled tightening based on a three-disc flat almost instantly changeable system","authors":"A. B. Nikishkina, M. Astakhov","doi":"10.33920/pro-2-2207-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/pro-2-2207-05","url":null,"abstract":"When designing structures of mechanisms, it is relevant to solve the problem of controlling their internal forces in order to create adaptive machines that automatically adjust to a sudden, exceeding the calculated, external load. The stress state of a three-disc flat almost instantaneously changeable system is investigated in order to use it in controlled puffs. The change of forces arising in the rods of this system is considered, depending on the control moment of the force and the angles of inclination of each rod. Based on the results of calculations, graphs of changes in internal forces in the rods of an almost instantly changeable system are constructed and recommendations on the design are given.","PeriodicalId":415140,"journal":{"name":"Glavnyj mekhanik (Chief Mechanic)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134029473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Yudachev, N. Gordienko, P. A. Monakhov, S. Sitnikov, D. A. Gordienko
The article describes the results of a study of the characteristics of the accuracy of navigationtime definitions by the consumer's navigation equipment based on the results of practical work under conditions of changes in the sample size of samples from the receiver, the type of global navigation system of the satellite system used, the geometry of the observed constellation of navigation spacecraft, as well as the number of observed navigation spacecraft. The article presents practical calculations of geometric accuracy decreases for various conditions of use. The work was carried out in software developed by the Department of Radioelectronic Systems and Complexes of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University. The practical significance of the work is the study of the basic principles of satellite radio navigation in the conditions of various background conditions; investigation of the influence of changes in the sample size of samples from the receiver, the type of global navigation system of the satellite system used, the geometry of the observed constellation of navigation spacecraft, as well as the number of observed navigation spacecraft on the calculated parameter of geometric decrease in accuracy; application of the acquired knowledge in everyday life. This work can be used not only to train students in the development of electronic devices capable of interacting with global navigation satellite systems and for the organization of laboratory work, but also in the creation and design of real receiving radio navigation devices both in production and within higher education institutions. Familiarization and study of the above software are conducted at the Department of Radioelectronic Systems and Complexes of one of the leading engineering universities of the Russian Federation, Bauman Moscow State Technical University.
{"title":"Investigation of the characteristics of the accuracy of navigation-time definitions by the navigation equipment of the consumer on the example of practical work in various conditions","authors":"S. Yudachev, N. Gordienko, P. A. Monakhov, S. Sitnikov, D. A. Gordienko","doi":"10.33920/pro-2-2207-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/pro-2-2207-04","url":null,"abstract":"The article describes the results of a study of the characteristics of the accuracy of navigationtime definitions by the consumer's navigation equipment based on the results of practical work under conditions of changes in the sample size of samples from the receiver, the type of global navigation system of the satellite system used, the geometry of the observed constellation of navigation spacecraft, as well as the number of observed navigation spacecraft. The article presents practical calculations of geometric accuracy decreases for various conditions of use. The work was carried out in software developed by the Department of Radioelectronic Systems and Complexes of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University. The practical significance of the work is the study of the basic principles of satellite radio navigation in the conditions of various background conditions; investigation of the influence of changes in the sample size of samples from the receiver, the type of global navigation system of the satellite system used, the geometry of the observed constellation of navigation spacecraft, as well as the number of observed navigation spacecraft on the calculated parameter of geometric decrease in accuracy; application of the acquired knowledge in everyday life. This work can be used not only to train students in the development of electronic devices capable of interacting with global navigation satellite systems and for the organization of laboratory work, but also in the creation and design of real receiving radio navigation devices both in production and within higher education institutions. Familiarization and study of the above software are conducted at the Department of Radioelectronic Systems and Complexes of one of the leading engineering universities of the Russian Federation, Bauman Moscow State Technical University.","PeriodicalId":415140,"journal":{"name":"Glavnyj mekhanik (Chief Mechanic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123173672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Gadalov, O. Gubanov, A. Filonovich, I. Vornacheva, P. Shirobokov
The paper considers the effect of modes on the structure of samples and products made of titanium powders obtained by various methods. The results of the conducted research on the pressing and sintering of titanium powders obtained by various production methods are presented. It is shown that the mechanical properties and structure of the finished product depend not only on the production method, the content of impurities and the microstructure of particles, but also on other factors. Recommendations for the use of titanium powders are presented.
{"title":"Influence of heat treatment modes on the structure and properties of titanium powder products","authors":"V. Gadalov, O. Gubanov, A. Filonovich, I. Vornacheva, P. Shirobokov","doi":"10.33920/pro-2-2207-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/pro-2-2207-02","url":null,"abstract":"The paper considers the effect of modes on the structure of samples and products made of titanium powders obtained by various methods. The results of the conducted research on the pressing and sintering of titanium powders obtained by various production methods are presented. It is shown that the mechanical properties and structure of the finished product depend not only on the production method, the content of impurities and the microstructure of particles, but also on other factors. Recommendations for the use of titanium powders are presented.","PeriodicalId":415140,"journal":{"name":"Glavnyj mekhanik (Chief Mechanic)","volume":"179 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120982530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Gadalov, O. Gubanov, A. Filonovich, I. Vornacheva, P. Shirobokov
The article presents information on the study of the effect of small iron and molybdenum additives on the phase composition of a powder alloy based on titanium and nickel. The authors found that the presence of unreacted pure components (titanium and nickel) indicates the incompleteness of the diffusion interaction process and the need to adjust the sintering mode of porous samples. Additives of 2.5% and 4.0% iron, as well as 2% molybdenum act as an inhibitor on the sintering process of porous samples.
{"title":"Investigation of the effect of small iron and molybdenum additives on the phase composition of a titanium and nickel-based powder alloy","authors":"V. Gadalov, O. Gubanov, A. Filonovich, I. Vornacheva, P. Shirobokov","doi":"10.33920/pro-2-2207-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/pro-2-2207-03","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents information on the study of the effect of small iron and molybdenum additives on the phase composition of a powder alloy based on titanium and nickel. The authors found that the presence of unreacted pure components (titanium and nickel) indicates the incompleteness of the diffusion interaction process and the need to adjust the sintering mode of porous samples. Additives of 2.5% and 4.0% iron, as well as 2% molybdenum act as an inhibitor on the sintering process of porous samples.","PeriodicalId":415140,"journal":{"name":"Glavnyj mekhanik (Chief Mechanic)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125693734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Yurenkova, I.N. Bocharova, V. S. Evdokimov, A.M. Shkolenko
The article considers a scientific problem in quantum mechanics related to geometry. The famous German mathematician Mobius A.F. has opened a new page in geometry — one-sided surfaces. The first of these surfaces was named after him: a ribbon (or sheet) Mobius. Almost simultaneously with Mobius, another German mathematician, Listing I., discovered this surface. Later, other one-sided surfaces were discovered. However, it turned out that they are a modification of the Mobius sheet. An example is given of how a modern engineer solved a technical problem in an electronic device by accidentally recalling a Mobius tape. Physicists are still trying to scientifically explain the positive effect in the operation of this electronic device. The observed physical phenomenon is called the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox
{"title":"Geometry and quantum physics in the design of an electronic device","authors":"L. Yurenkova, I.N. Bocharova, V. S. Evdokimov, A.M. Shkolenko","doi":"10.33920/pro-2-2206-08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/pro-2-2206-08","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers a scientific problem in quantum mechanics related to geometry. The famous German mathematician Mobius A.F. has opened a new page in geometry — one-sided surfaces. The first of these surfaces was named after him: a ribbon (or sheet) Mobius. Almost simultaneously with Mobius, another German mathematician, Listing I., discovered this surface. Later, other one-sided surfaces were discovered. However, it turned out that they are a modification of the Mobius sheet. An example is given of how a modern engineer solved a technical problem in an electronic device by accidentally recalling a Mobius tape. Physicists are still trying to scientifically explain the positive effect in the operation of this electronic device. The observed physical phenomenon is called the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox","PeriodicalId":415140,"journal":{"name":"Glavnyj mekhanik (Chief Mechanic)","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125063017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Yurenkova, R. A. Maksutova, D.M. Meleshin, M. Ivanov
The article considers minimal surfaces, the interest in which has not decreased for more than two hundred years. The minimum surface is the surface of zero mean curvature. Initially, soap bubbles and soap films tightening wire contours were examples of such surfaces. Mathematicians were the first to pay attention to these surfaces, among which are names known all over the world: Lagrange, Laplace, Poisson, Steiner, Plateau. Scientists have noticed that the analytical expression of minimal surfaces is found in research in the field of physics and chemistry, which led to discoveries awarded the Nobel Prize. Due to the unusual properties of minimal surfaces, new construction materials have appeared in the technique.
{"title":"Minimal surfaces in science, technology, architecture","authors":"L. Yurenkova, R. A. Maksutova, D.M. Meleshin, M. Ivanov","doi":"10.33920/pro-2-2206-09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/pro-2-2206-09","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers minimal surfaces, the interest in which has not decreased for more than two hundred years. The minimum surface is the surface of zero mean curvature. Initially, soap bubbles and soap films tightening wire contours were examples of such surfaces. Mathematicians were the first to pay attention to these surfaces, among which are names known all over the world: Lagrange, Laplace, Poisson, Steiner, Plateau. Scientists have noticed that the analytical expression of minimal surfaces is found in research in the field of physics and chemistry, which led to discoveries awarded the Nobel Prize. Due to the unusual properties of minimal surfaces, new construction materials have appeared in the technique.","PeriodicalId":415140,"journal":{"name":"Glavnyj mekhanik (Chief Mechanic)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125670261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. I. Soloviev, Sh. I. Jafarova, A. Syritsky, A. M. Alstadt, M. D. Nizamov
Mechanical processing of machine-building parts in most cases is associated with the appearance of burrs, sharp edges, chips. To remove them, various types of equipment and tools are developed and used, a large amount of work is done manually by workers. In this paper, it is proposed to combine finishing and stripping operations performed using adjustable wire tools on multi-purpose machines using robotic manipulators. At the same time, it is proposed to use a system for monitoring the presence of burrs by machine vision processing information using a brightness-geometric model and filtering image pixels by brightness. Two variants of schemes for the organization of promising layouts of a robotic site are proposed to reduce the share of manual labor, expand the functions of robotic manipulators and the widespread use of adjustable wire tools.
{"title":"Promising layouts of the robotic section","authors":"A. I. Soloviev, Sh. I. Jafarova, A. Syritsky, A. M. Alstadt, M. D. Nizamov","doi":"10.33920/pro-2-2206-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/pro-2-2206-03","url":null,"abstract":"Mechanical processing of machine-building parts in most cases is associated with the appearance of burrs, sharp edges, chips. To remove them, various types of equipment and tools are developed and used, a large amount of work is done manually by workers. In this paper, it is proposed to combine finishing and stripping operations performed using adjustable wire tools on multi-purpose machines using robotic manipulators. At the same time, it is proposed to use a system for monitoring the presence of burrs by machine vision processing information using a brightness-geometric model and filtering image pixels by brightness. Two variants of schemes for the organization of promising layouts of a robotic site are proposed to reduce the share of manual labor, expand the functions of robotic manipulators and the widespread use of adjustable wire tools.","PeriodicalId":415140,"journal":{"name":"Glavnyj mekhanik (Chief Mechanic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122204676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Russian President Vladimir Putin signed a decree on strengthening the role of science and technology in solving the most important tasks of the development of society and the country. Taking into account the results achieved during the Year of Science and Technology in the Russian Federation in 2021, the President decided to declare 2022–2031 the Decade of science and Technology in the Russian Federation. As one of the well-known technical universities is ready to solve such important tasks, the rector of Bauman Moscow State Technical University M.V. Gordin told the editor-in-chief about the development, plans and construction of a new campus.
{"title":"Bauman Moscow State Technical University — a forge of personnel for the Decade of Science and Technology","authors":"","doi":"10.33920/pro-2-2206-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/pro-2-2206-01","url":null,"abstract":"Russian President Vladimir Putin signed a decree on strengthening the role of science and technology in solving the most important tasks of the development of society and the country. Taking into account the results achieved during the Year of Science and Technology in the Russian Federation in 2021, the President decided to declare 2022–2031 the Decade of science and Technology in the Russian Federation. As one of the well-known technical universities is ready to solve such important tasks, the rector of Bauman Moscow State Technical University M.V. Gordin told the editor-in-chief about the development, plans and construction of a new campus.","PeriodicalId":415140,"journal":{"name":"Glavnyj mekhanik (Chief Mechanic)","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124730408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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