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A Case Study of the Interaction between NSOs and Practical NPOs: From the Perspective of Collaborative Governance Theory 基于协同治理理论的nso与实践型npo互动案例研究
IF 1 Q4 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Pub Date : 2019-11-05 DOI: 10.1163/18765149-12341358
Xunyu Xiang, Yushan Xu
This paper employed the multi-case study method to explore the interactions between nonprofit support organizations (NSOs): NPI and three practical nonprofit organizations (NPOs) (X, Y, Z), which is incubated by NPI. By applying the analytical framework of collaborative governance, this paper indicates that a well-developed interactive relationship exists between these two organizations, on basis of equality and voluntary. Meanwhile, they shared a mutual goal and maintain an effective interaction. Consequently, it stimulates the building of collaborative network among social organizations.
本文采用多案例研究的方法,探讨了非营利支持组织(NSO)NPI与NPI孵化的三个实践性非营利组织(X、Y、Z)之间的互动关系。本文运用合作治理的分析框架,指出这两个组织在平等和自愿的基础上存在着良好的互动关系。同时,他们有着共同的目标,并保持着有效的互动。因此,它刺激了社会组织之间协作网络的构建。
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引用次数: 1
Joy Of Giving Week Providing Stimulus to Customers and Triggering Response in Terms of Willingness To Pay Under Cause Related Marketing 给予周的乐趣为客户提供刺激,并在与原因相关的营销中引发支付意愿的反应
IF 1 Q4 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Pub Date : 2019-11-05 DOI: 10.1163/18765149-12341357
N. Mekoth, R. Pinto
We conducted a study using an experimental approach and made a comparison of customers’ Willingness To Pay (WTP) during two time frames; one highlighting an event – Joy Of Giving Week (JOGW) and the other; post JOGW (Non-Joy Of Giving Week) not specifically linked to giving. When a time frame highlighting an event is used, it provides a stimulus to the customers which triggers a response in terms of higher WTP. We posit that a time frame highlighting an event can have an impact on customers’ WTP for a product linked to a cause. We present a new facet of Facilitated Giving Form of Cause Related Marketing (CRM).This form offers benefits to three entities: the Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) in terms of increased availability of funds, customers experience a ‘feel good factor’ by purchasing a product of the NGO associated with a cause and, builds the image of the business unit.
我们采用实验方法进行了一项研究,比较了两个时间段内客户的支付意愿(WTP);一幅突出了一个事件——“快乐给予周”(JOGW),另一幅;JOGW(非快乐给予周)与给予没有特别的联系。当使用突出显示事件的时间框架时,它向客户提供刺激,从而触发更高WTP的响应。我们假设,突出事件的时间框架可以影响客户对与某个原因相关的产品的WTP。我们提出了一个新的方面的便利捐赠形式的原因相关营销(CRM)。这种形式为三个实体提供了好处:非政府组织(NGO)在增加资金可用性方面,客户通过购买与事业相关的非政府组织产品而体验到“感觉良好的因素”,并建立业务单位的形象。
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引用次数: 0
Childhood Research Beyond Children: Public Engagement and the Rights of the Child 超越儿童的儿童研究:公众参与与儿童权利
IF 1 Q4 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Pub Date : 2019-11-05 DOI: 10.1163/18765149-12341361
C. Zhang, Jing-yang Wang
With the globalization of technology and the changes of society, the boundaries between childhood and adulthood have become increasingly blurred. Children’s studies begin to re-examine the modern thinking and the binary opposition in childhood research, and propose that in order to adapt to the diversity and continuous influence of childhood, childhood research must look for and effectively use non-dualistic theoretical analysis resources. On the one hand, “actor-network theory” and “complexity theory” have provided such research with a theoretical basis, transcending the perspective of binary opposition, focusing on the long-term effects of childhood on individual public character and the public participation of children. On the other hand, information media technology and community participation play an important role in the building of contemporary childhood, especially for the vulnerable groups of children to gain the ability of public participation and enter the public sector. Childhood research requires a broad theoretical perspective and an interdisciplinary approach. It also requires attention to the processes and mechanisms of how children’s participation influences the acquisition of individual public character. How to effectively use information technology to promote public participation, expand the existing public space and form an effective connection with practical community participation is the key to realizing a “good society” in the future for children.
随着科技的全球化和社会的变化,童年和成年之间的界限变得越来越模糊。儿童研究开始重新审视儿童研究中的现代思维和二元对立,提出为了适应儿童的多样性和持续影响,儿童研究必须寻找并有效利用非二元的理论分析资源。一方面,“行动者网络理论”和“复杂性理论”为此类研究提供了理论依据,超越二元对立的视角,关注童年对个体公共性格和儿童公共参与的长期影响。另一方面,信息媒体技术和社区参与在当代儿童的建设中发挥着重要作用,特别是使弱势群体儿童获得公众参与的能力,进入公共领域。儿童研究需要广阔的理论视野和跨学科的方法。它还需要注意儿童的参与如何影响个人公共性格的获得的过程和机制。如何有效利用信息技术促进公众参与,拓展现有公共空间,与社区实际参与形成有效衔接,是儿童未来实现“美好社会”的关键。
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引用次数: 1
Public Expression of Vulnerable Communities: Grassroots NGOs’ Policy Advocacy Actions and Strategies 弱势群体的公共表达:基层非政府组织的政策倡导行动与策略
IF 1 Q4 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Pub Date : 2018-12-21 DOI: 10.1163/18765149-12341349
C. Zhang
In Western countries, the grassroots NGO coalition plays a significant role in promoting the public expression of vulnerable communities. Grassroots NGO coalition has gradually become the leading actor of national policy advocacy by resources and scale of community members. However, China’s grassroots NGOs coalition face many restrictions regarding organizational resources and political opportunities structure. Firstly, the grassroots NGOs relatively lack professionalism, funding, and other critical organizational resources. Secondly, the grassroots NGOs themselves and their coalition have difficulty obtaining legal status and have no institutional channels for policy expression. This unfavorable situation requires them to innovate ‘alternative’ strategies for public expression. The article finds that the grassroots NGO coalition of vulnerable communities has built up the political legitimacy of advocacy action by absorbing powerful social and political elites. It has also cooperated with international NGO to make up for the lack of internal and external resources, which also can expand the social impact and public attention on policy advocacy. Then, the grassroots NGO coalition selects the existing institutional channel for individuals as an intermediary to contacting government officials, submitting policy proposals. Meanwhile, the grassroots NGO coalition adopts professional elites to build the professionalism and social legitimacy of proposals. National policy advocacy also expands the political opportunities structure of local advocacy by promoting local citizens and grassroots NGOs to conduct social surveys, providing policy templates, and communicating with daily virtual communities. The changing structure offers the possibility for continuous advocacy action.
在西方国家,基层非政府组织联盟在促进弱势社区的公开表达方面发挥着重要作用。基层非政府组织联盟以其资源和社区成员的规模,逐渐成为国家政策倡导的主导力量。然而,我国基层非政府组织联盟在组织资源和政治机会结构上都面临诸多限制。首先,基层非政府组织相对缺乏专业精神、资金和其他关键组织资源。其次,基层非政府组织本身及其联盟难以获得法律地位,也没有政策表达的制度渠道。这种不利的情况要求他们创新公共表达的“替代”策略。文章发现,弱势群体的基层非政府组织联盟通过吸收强大的社会和政治精英,建立了倡导行动的政治合法性。它还与国际非政府组织合作,以弥补内部和外部资源的不足,这也可以扩大社会影响和公众对政策倡导的关注。然后,基层非政府组织联盟为个人选择现有的机构渠道,作为联系政府官员、提交政策建议的中介。同时,基层非政府组织联盟采用专业精英来构建提案的专业性和社会合法性。国家政策倡导还通过促进当地公民和基层非政府组织进行社会调查、提供政策模板以及与日常虚拟社区交流,扩大了地方倡导的政治机会结构。不断变化的结构为持续的宣传行动提供了可能。
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引用次数: 3
The New Strengthened Regulations of INGOs in India and China: Comparative Analysis and Reflections 印度和中国国际非政府组织新强化规则的比较分析与思考
IF 1 Q4 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Pub Date : 2018-12-21 DOI: 10.1163/18765149-12341350
Wenjuan Zhang
While globalization creates an ambitious space for NGOs to play a large role in policy-making and problem-solving the concern about their accountability always remains there. As the biggest developing countries, India and China have attracted lots of international aid and INGOs’ attention. Recently, both have taken serious efforts to regulate or even to control INGOs’ influence in domestic context despite the difference of their political systems. It is worthy of comparative analysis in a nuanced way on their similarities and differences of why and how to regulate. As a reflection, it is also a good moment for relevant stakeholders to re-imagine the global governance and their relevant role.
尽管全球化为非政府组织在决策和解决问题方面发挥重要作用创造了一个雄心勃勃的空间,但对其问责制的担忧始终存在。作为最大的发展中国家,印度和中国吸引了大量国际援助和国际非政府组织的关注。最近,尽管政治制度不同,但双方都认真努力规范甚至控制非政府组织在国内的影响力。值得细致入微地比较分析它们在监管原因和如何监管方面的异同。作为反思,这也是相关利益攸关方重新想象全球治理及其相关作用的好时机。
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引用次数: 1
Policy Environments of Social Enterprise in Taiwan: a Cross-Sectoral Governance Perspective 台湾社会企业的政策环境:跨部门治理视角
IF 1 Q4 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Pub Date : 2018-12-21 DOI: 10.1163/18765149-12341347
Tzu-Shen Yang, Min-Hsiu Chiang
In recent years, social enterprises in Taiwan have experienced a period of growth and are becoming more diversified. At the same time, the government is paying more attention to fostering a policy-friendly environment for their development. Despite growing interest in social enterprises, research on this phenomenon remains limited in Taiwan. Using a cross-sectoral perspective, this study is based on qualitative data from in-depth interviews on social enterprises. There are three main findings, first, the development of Taiwan’s social enterprise policy is deeply affected by different sectors. Second, the roles of the sectors are distinct and there is frequent cross-sectoral cooperation. Third, there is still a gap between the government sector’s and other sectors’ views of the social enterprise policy.
近年来,台湾的社会企业经历了一段成长期,并日趋多元化。与此同时,政府更加重视为他们的发展营造一个政策友好的环境。尽管社会企业的兴趣日益浓厚,但台湾对这一现象的研究仍然有限。本研究采用跨部门视角,基于对社会企业深入访谈的定性数据。主要有三个发现:第一,台湾社会企业政策的发展受到不同部门的深刻影响。第二,各部门的作用不同,跨部门合作频繁。第三,政府部门和其他部门对社会企业政策的看法仍然存在差距。
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引用次数: 2
The Impact of Inter-Departmental Games on Policy Advocacy of Industrial Association – With Technology Incubator Association in City T as a Case Study 跨部门博弈对产业协会政策倡导的影响——以T市科技孵化器协会为例
IF 1 Q4 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Pub Date : 2018-12-21 DOI: 10.1163/18765149-12341348
Zehua Yan
In the China-specific dual management system of social organizations, competent government department’s support for and supervision over industrial associations affect and even determine their political engagement and policy advocacy. By analyzing the technological incubator association in the city of T, this paper finds that when local government departments have overlapping duties and interests, the industrial association, if it can help the disadvantaged department increase the chips for the power and resource game, can receive more attention, support and policy discourse power from that department. Besides, in the local government’s management model, a big enterprise with scale and resource advantages has more chances to communicate and interact with the government department that’s superior to the one in charge of the industrial association, so the industrial association in which this big enterprise is a member can get more attention and support from the competent department, making it more effective in policy advocacy.
在中国特有的社会组织双重管理体系中,政府主管部门对行业协会的支持和监督影响甚至决定了行业协会的政治参与和政策倡导。本文通过对T市技术孵化器协会的分析发现,当地方政府部门职责和利益重叠时,行业协会如果能帮助弱势部门增加权力和资源博弈的筹码,就可以获得该部门更多的关注、支持和政策话语权。此外,在地方政府的管理模式中,具有规模和资源优势的大企业与行业协会主管部门相比,有更多的机会与上级政府部门沟通和互动,因此该大企业所在的行业协会可以得到主管部门的更多关注和支持,使其在政策宣传方面更加有效。
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引用次数: 0
New Institutional Link, Organizational Control and Advocacy of NGOs 非政府组织的新制度联系、组织控制与倡导
IF 1 Q4 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Pub Date : 2018-12-21 DOI: 10.1163/18765149-12341346
Shuoyan Li
How non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in China overcome external control from the state and advocate their mission under the dual-management system? While studies on the bargaining between NGOs and the competent authority mostly emphasize the use of persona connections at individual level, little research focuses on the strategy of how NGOs use institutional factors. This article argues that NGOs could get rid of the external control by creating new institutional links with the government, which provides NGOs more opportunities in advocacy. Based on an in-depth case study, this article takes an environmental NGO in H City of Z Province as an example to illustrate how the organization develops relationships with a new authority. This new institutional link helps the NGO to reduce its dependence on the single authority and enhance its autonomy. The changed power structure ultimately enables the NGO to expand its space for advocacy.
在双重管理体制下,中国的非政府组织如何克服国家的外部控制,倡导自己的使命?虽然对非政府组织与主管当局之间谈判的研究大多强调在个人层面上使用人格联系,但很少有研究关注非政府组织如何使用制度因素的策略。本文认为,非政府组织可以通过与政府建立新的制度联系来摆脱外部控制,这为非政府组织提供了更多的宣传机会。在深入案例研究的基础上,本文以Z省H市的一家环保非政府组织为例,说明该组织如何与新的权威机构发展关系。这种新的机构联系有助于非政府组织减少对单一权力机构的依赖,增强其自主权。权力结构的变化最终使非政府组织能够扩大其宣传空间。
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引用次数: 0
Non-Governmental Organizations in Egypt and Their Participation in Resistance: a Comparison between the Middle Class and the Underclass 埃及的非政府组织及其参与抵抗:中产阶级与下层阶级的比较
IF 1 Q4 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Pub Date : 2018-12-21 DOI: 10.1163/18765149-12341351
Xinyao Zheng, Zongchao Peng
The number of non-governmental organizations in Egypt continued to grow before 2011. The middle class became the main participants in the political movement against Mubarak regime in 2011. However, it could not be attributed to the mobilization by non-governmental organizations. Based on regression analysis results of the questionnaire survey conducted by Arab Barometer in 2011, NGOs’ mobilization of their middle-class members was almost ineffective. As for the underclass, only the charitable organizations had a strong mobilization effect. From the two aspects of consensus mobilization and action mobilization, the paper explains the reasons why non-governmental organizations failed to mobilize their middle-class members and the specific mechanism for charitable organizations to mobilize their underclass members. Egypt’s experience shows that NGOs do not necessarily act as the main driving force of political resistance, which depends on NGOs’ capability of mobilizing their members for consensus and action, and for different social classes, the mobilization effects show great differences.
2011年以前,埃及非政府组织的数量继续增长。中产阶级成为2011年反对穆巴拉克政权的政治运动的主要参与者。但是,这不能归因于非政府组织的动员。根据阿拉伯晴雨表2011年问卷调查的回归分析结果,非政府组织对其中产阶级成员的动员几乎是无效的。对于底层人群,只有慈善组织具有较强的动员作用。本文从共识动员和行动动员两个方面解释了民间组织未能动员其中产阶层成员的原因,以及慈善组织动员其底层成员的具体机制。埃及的经验表明,非政府组织不一定是政治抵抗的主要推动力,这取决于非政府组织动员其成员达成共识和采取行动的能力,而对于不同的社会阶层,动员效果表现出很大的差异。
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引用次数: 0
How Social Media are Changing Nonprofit Advocacy: Evidence from the Crowdfunding Platform in Taiwan 社交媒体如何改变非营利宣传:来自台湾众筹平台的证据
IF 1 Q4 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Pub Date : 2018-12-21 DOI: 10.1163/18765149-12341352
Shulin Zhou, Chien-Liang Kuo
How nonprofit organizations (NPO) utilize social media to engage in advocacy work is regarded as one of the most important challenges in the digital economy era. However, although current studies pay their attention to how NPO react to the prevalence of social media, less focus is paid on how social media help to shape NPO’s practices on advocacy work. To help close the gap between theory and practice, this research explores whether the alignment between NPO’s advocacy practices and features of social media determine the NPO’s usage on social media. In particular, how the crowdfunding platform, an emerging and powerful form of social media, is used by NPO is investigated. Those crowdfunding projects initiated by NPO in FlyingV, the most well-known crowdfunding platform in Taiwan, are taken as the data source for analysis in this paper. The findings reveal that crowdfunding platforms are beneficial to NPO in turns of gaining resources and attracting participants, which then fostering the realization of advocacy activities. As well, the efficiency of crowdfunded projects (or advocacy proposals) is mainly determined by the number of participants (or sponsors). However, based on the findings, it is argued that NPO so far have not realized the power of crowdfunding platforms, thus not yet regarding crowdfunding platforms as key social media or strategic weapons in strengthening their impact or contribution on advocacy work relevant to their missions.
非营利组织如何利用社交媒体从事宣传工作被视为数字经济时代最重要的挑战之一。然而,尽管目前的研究关注的是非营利组织如何应对社交媒体的流行,但很少关注社交媒体如何帮助塑造非营利组织的宣传工作实践。为了缩小理论与实践之间的差距,本研究探讨了非营利组织的倡导实践与社交媒体特征之间的一致性是否决定了非营利机构在社交媒体上的使用。特别是,众筹平台作为一种新兴而强大的社交媒体形式,是如何被NPO使用的。本文以台湾最知名的众筹平台FlyingV中NPO发起的众筹项目为数据来源进行分析。研究结果表明,众筹平台反过来有利于NPO获得资源和吸引参与者,从而促进宣传活动的实现。同样,众筹项目(或宣传提案)的效率主要取决于参与者(或赞助商)的数量。然而,根据调查结果,有人认为,到目前为止,NPO还没有意识到众筹平台的力量,因此还没有将众筹平台视为关键的社交媒体或战略武器,以加强其对与其使命相关的宣传工作的影响或贡献。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
China Nonprofit Review
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