Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.1177/01461079231177691
Nicholas Campbell
This article explores the prohibitions against mixed plowing and sowing (Lev 19:19; Deut 22:10). The proposed interpretation is that these laws are intended to maintain agricultural purity. They prohibit mishandling seeds and using an unclean animal, the donkey, thereby avoiding defilement of the food. This goes against the allegorical interpretations of maintaining the created order or separation from pagan nations. The argument that mixtures belong to God is also critiqued since the texts do not address field confiscation or animal breeding. The agricultural purity interpretation is developed through examination of the grammar of each passage and other agricultural purity passages in the Old Testament.
{"title":"Prohibited Mixtures: Mixed Plowing and Sowing","authors":"Nicholas Campbell","doi":"10.1177/01461079231177691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01461079231177691","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores the prohibitions against mixed plowing and sowing (Lev 19:19; Deut 22:10). The proposed interpretation is that these laws are intended to maintain agricultural purity. They prohibit mishandling seeds and using an unclean animal, the donkey, thereby avoiding defilement of the food. This goes against the allegorical interpretations of maintaining the created order or separation from pagan nations. The argument that mixtures belong to God is also critiqued since the texts do not address field confiscation or animal breeding. The agricultural purity interpretation is developed through examination of the grammar of each passage and other agricultural purity passages in the Old Testament.","PeriodicalId":41921,"journal":{"name":"Biblical Theology Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41697460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.1177/01461079231154592
S. Douglas
In 1 Peter 2 the author utilizes a curious metaphor: “Like newborn infants, long for the pure, spiritual milk, so that by it you may grow into salvation–if indeed you have tasted that the Lord is good” (2.2-3). When this metaphor is disentangled from Pauline and patriarchal assumptions, it can be recognized on its own terms. This article demonstrates that here, despite repetitive obfuscation, the author invites Jesus communities to imagine themselves as newborn babies who nurse from Christ Jesus. Significant implications unfold from this first-century metaphor. While stubbornly resisted for centuries, the implications of the biblical metaphor of nursing from Jesus continue to flow with provocative challenge and sustenance.
{"title":"Newborn Babies and Nursing Jesus (1 Peter 2:2-3): The Petrine Metaphor’s Disruption of Patriarchal Renderings of God and the Child","authors":"S. Douglas","doi":"10.1177/01461079231154592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01461079231154592","url":null,"abstract":"In 1 Peter 2 the author utilizes a curious metaphor: “Like newborn infants, long for the pure, spiritual milk, so that by it you may grow into salvation–if indeed you have tasted that the Lord is good” (2.2-3). When this metaphor is disentangled from Pauline and patriarchal assumptions, it can be recognized on its own terms. This article demonstrates that here, despite repetitive obfuscation, the author invites Jesus communities to imagine themselves as newborn babies who nurse from Christ Jesus. Significant implications unfold from this first-century metaphor. While stubbornly resisted for centuries, the implications of the biblical metaphor of nursing from Jesus continue to flow with provocative challenge and sustenance.","PeriodicalId":41921,"journal":{"name":"Biblical Theology Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41723401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.1177/01461079231154593
P. Goodman
The rivers mentioned in the Bible are often significant. This narrative-exegetical study focuses on the Mesopotamian rivers, along with the Nile and the Jordan, with the latter leading from the Hebrew Bible on into the New Testament. The paper explores the ways in which these rivers convey divine revelation and mission, asking what the rivers say in expressing that revelation and also what the rivers do as part of its drama. A rich mixture of themes emerge: enabling life and reminding of loss; the nature of power, hubris and vulnerability; transition into new beginnings through crossing the rivers and through washing in them; and ultimately hope for a renewed creation through the flow of life-giving divine presence. In a variety of ways - symbolic, instrumental, sacramental and participatory – the rivers speak and act as partners with their creator.
{"title":"Waters that Witness: How the Bible’s Rivers Help Convey its Message","authors":"P. Goodman","doi":"10.1177/01461079231154593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01461079231154593","url":null,"abstract":"The rivers mentioned in the Bible are often significant. This narrative-exegetical study focuses on the Mesopotamian rivers, along with the Nile and the Jordan, with the latter leading from the Hebrew Bible on into the New Testament. The paper explores the ways in which these rivers convey divine revelation and mission, asking what the rivers say in expressing that revelation and also what the rivers do as part of its drama. A rich mixture of themes emerge: enabling life and reminding of loss; the nature of power, hubris and vulnerability; transition into new beginnings through crossing the rivers and through washing in them; and ultimately hope for a renewed creation through the flow of life-giving divine presence. In a variety of ways - symbolic, instrumental, sacramental and participatory – the rivers speak and act as partners with their creator.","PeriodicalId":41921,"journal":{"name":"Biblical Theology Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44883140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.1177/01461079231154591
P. Chia
Who is the husband of Zion in Isaiah 62:5? English modern translations are divided into three different primary readings: ‘your builder’ or ‘God’, ‘your builders’ or ‘foreigners’, and ‘your sons’. This article will weigh on each translation with textual criticism as its tool to seek out this answer.
{"title":"Isaiah 62:5: Who is Zion’s Husband?","authors":"P. Chia","doi":"10.1177/01461079231154591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01461079231154591","url":null,"abstract":"Who is the husband of Zion in Isaiah 62:5? English modern translations are divided into three different primary readings: ‘your builder’ or ‘God’, ‘your builders’ or ‘foreigners’, and ‘your sons’. This article will weigh on each translation with textual criticism as its tool to seek out this answer.","PeriodicalId":41921,"journal":{"name":"Biblical Theology Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44305313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.1177/01461079231155956
D. Bossman
{"title":"Presenting the Issue: Widening the Scope of Biblical Interpretation","authors":"D. Bossman","doi":"10.1177/01461079231155956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01461079231155956","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41921,"journal":{"name":"Biblical Theology Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42592808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.1177/01461079231154588
Olegs Andrejevs
In this article, my goal is to survey the two principal backgrounds for the darkness in Mark 15:33–39, examining the existing objections against their use by the evangelist and reinforcing their likelihood. In discussing the Greco-Roman parallels an attempt will be made to refine the existing pool of parallels, identifying the accounts that are most relevant to Mark 15:33–39. Then, it will be possible to ask whether Joel Marcus’s interpretation of the darkness as demonic (Anchor Bible Commentaries on Mark 1-8 [2000]; Mark 8-16 [2009]) is compatible with these likely backgrounds.
{"title":"The Darkness at Golgotha (Mark 15.33): Exorcizing the Demonic From the Evangelist’s Imagery","authors":"Olegs Andrejevs","doi":"10.1177/01461079231154588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01461079231154588","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, my goal is to survey the two principal backgrounds for the darkness in Mark 15:33–39, examining the existing objections against their use by the evangelist and reinforcing their likelihood. In discussing the Greco-Roman parallels an attempt will be made to refine the existing pool of parallels, identifying the accounts that are most relevant to Mark 15:33–39. Then, it will be possible to ask whether Joel Marcus’s interpretation of the darkness as demonic (Anchor Bible Commentaries on Mark 1-8 [2000]; Mark 8-16 [2009]) is compatible with these likely backgrounds.","PeriodicalId":41921,"journal":{"name":"Biblical Theology Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45473962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.1177/01461079231154589
Robert Setio
Within Christian tradition, particularly Protestant, the ritual of making offerings to the dead (i.e., feeding the dead) is often seen as contrary to Christian faith. Justification for this view is often taken from Deuteronomy 26:14. This verse details a pledge to avoid making offerings to the dead out of loyalty to Yahweh. Thus, I review the academic literature on the rationale behind this pledge to explore whether feeding the dead is contrary to the worship of Yahweh. To this end, I will discuss several studies regarding the ritual of feeding the dead in ancient Israelite society that use archaeological and textual evidence. This paper concludes that feeding the dead and worship of Yahweh are not mutually exclusive, but complementary.
{"title":"Feeding the Dead as a Complementary Practice to Worshipping Yahweh: Deuteronomy 26:14 Revisited","authors":"Robert Setio","doi":"10.1177/01461079231154589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01461079231154589","url":null,"abstract":"Within Christian tradition, particularly Protestant, the ritual of making offerings to the dead (i.e., feeding the dead) is often seen as contrary to Christian faith. Justification for this view is often taken from Deuteronomy 26:14. This verse details a pledge to avoid making offerings to the dead out of loyalty to Yahweh. Thus, I review the academic literature on the rationale behind this pledge to explore whether feeding the dead is contrary to the worship of Yahweh. To this end, I will discuss several studies regarding the ritual of feeding the dead in ancient Israelite society that use archaeological and textual evidence. This paper concludes that feeding the dead and worship of Yahweh are not mutually exclusive, but complementary.","PeriodicalId":41921,"journal":{"name":"Biblical Theology Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46111964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.1177/01461079221133447
Adam G. White
Those attempting to interpret 1 Timothy and Titus face a myriad of uncertainties. No less amongst these is determining the type of the literature that they are. While they are clearly framed as epistles, they do not resemble anything that is known from the Hellenistic literary theorists. What is generally agreed, however, is that the purpose of the two letters is community formation. That is, 1 Timothy and Titus were written to instruct the recipients on various matters of community structure and organisation. Building on this assumption, it is my contention that the two letters share many of the same characteristics as community charters found in similar, contemporary groups. In what follows, 1 Timothy and Titus will be compared side by side with formal charters found in associations as well as in the Essene community, noting the many similarities between them.
{"title":"Setting the Boundaries: Reading 1 Timothy and Titus as Community Charters","authors":"Adam G. White","doi":"10.1177/01461079221133447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01461079221133447","url":null,"abstract":"Those attempting to interpret 1 Timothy and Titus face a myriad of uncertainties. No less amongst these is determining the type of the literature that they are. While they are clearly framed as epistles, they do not resemble anything that is known from the Hellenistic literary theorists. What is generally agreed, however, is that the purpose of the two letters is community formation. That is, 1 Timothy and Titus were written to instruct the recipients on various matters of community structure and organisation. Building on this assumption, it is my contention that the two letters share many of the same characteristics as community charters found in similar, contemporary groups. In what follows, 1 Timothy and Titus will be compared side by side with formal charters found in associations as well as in the Essene community, noting the many similarities between them.","PeriodicalId":41921,"journal":{"name":"Biblical Theology Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42512328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.1177/01461079221133109
Bart B. Bruehler
Recent studies on the dynamics and purposes of storytelling have highlighted the ways that stories employ embodied, affective, and conceptual elements in order to reinforce cultural values and prompt further ethical reflection. These aspects of storytelling are supported and enriched by insights from ancient rhetoricians and contemporary cognitive scientists who have shown how vivid description, mental simulation of embodied activity, and conceptual blending work through our bodies and brains to move us affectively and mentally. The sacred stories of the Bible, strengthened by their divine dimensions and existential issues, work with the same elements to move their audiences. Luke 5:27–39 (Jesus’s encounter with Levi) and Luke 7:11–17 (Jesus raising a widow’s son) are explored as test cases to illuminate the power that embodiment, emotion, simulation, and conceptualization can have in stories that touch upon the sacred, prompting their audiences to ethical reflection and action.
{"title":"Sacred Stories for Human Beings with Bodies and Brains","authors":"Bart B. Bruehler","doi":"10.1177/01461079221133109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01461079221133109","url":null,"abstract":"Recent studies on the dynamics and purposes of storytelling have highlighted the ways that stories employ embodied, affective, and conceptual elements in order to reinforce cultural values and prompt further ethical reflection. These aspects of storytelling are supported and enriched by insights from ancient rhetoricians and contemporary cognitive scientists who have shown how vivid description, mental simulation of embodied activity, and conceptual blending work through our bodies and brains to move us affectively and mentally. The sacred stories of the Bible, strengthened by their divine dimensions and existential issues, work with the same elements to move their audiences. Luke 5:27–39 (Jesus’s encounter with Levi) and Luke 7:11–17 (Jesus raising a widow’s son) are explored as test cases to illuminate the power that embodiment, emotion, simulation, and conceptualization can have in stories that touch upon the sacred, prompting their audiences to ethical reflection and action.","PeriodicalId":41921,"journal":{"name":"Biblical Theology Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49615360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.1177/01461079221133108
D. Bossman
{"title":"Presenting the Issue: The Transformative Power of Religious Imagination","authors":"D. Bossman","doi":"10.1177/01461079221133108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01461079221133108","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41921,"journal":{"name":"Biblical Theology Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46942368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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