S. Ahmad, S. Urus, Sharifah Nazatul Faiza Syed Mustapha Nazri
The Fourth Industrial Revolution (IR 4.0), which is complementary to the technological revolution, has given birth to Financial Technology (Fintech). Numerous advantages are offered by Fintech, yet the adoption rate is still low. This is especially from the employed fresh graduates’ perspectives that are regarded as the computer literate and IT savvy’s group. This research aims to examine the factors that affect the technology acceptance of Fintech payment services. The research attempts to measure the relationships between performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating condition and consumers’ trust with the adoption of Fintech. Based upon the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), the quantitative method was employed via online survey of 179 respondents. The result showed that consumers’ trust had the highest impact on the adoption of Fintech payment services, followed by performance expectancy and effort expectancy. In contrast, facilitating conditions and social influence showed an insignificant relationship with the adoption of Fintech payment services. This finding would enhance the awareness for people to become more open towards the acceptance of Fintech for their daily transactions. Fintech companies are expected to develop into more secure services and design better products in becoming a cashless society. Keywords: UTAUT, consumers’ trust, financial technology, Fintech, Fintech payment services adoption, employed fresh graduates
{"title":"Technology Acceptance of Financial Technology (Fintech) for Payment Services Among Employed Fresh Graduates","authors":"S. Ahmad, S. Urus, Sharifah Nazatul Faiza Syed Mustapha Nazri","doi":"10.24191/apmaj.v16i2-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24191/apmaj.v16i2-02","url":null,"abstract":"The Fourth Industrial Revolution (IR 4.0), which is complementary to the technological revolution, has given birth to Financial Technology (Fintech). Numerous advantages are offered by Fintech, yet the adoption rate is still low. This is especially from the employed fresh graduates’ perspectives that are regarded as the computer literate and IT savvy’s group. This research aims to examine the factors that affect the technology acceptance of Fintech payment services. The research attempts to measure the relationships between performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating condition and consumers’ trust with the adoption of Fintech. Based upon the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), the quantitative method was employed via online survey of 179 respondents. The result showed that consumers’ trust had the highest impact on the adoption of Fintech payment services, followed by performance expectancy and effort expectancy. In contrast, facilitating conditions and social influence showed an insignificant relationship with the adoption of Fintech payment services. This finding would enhance the awareness for people to become more open towards the acceptance of Fintech for their daily transactions. Fintech companies are expected to develop into more secure services and design better products in becoming a cashless society. Keywords: UTAUT, consumers’ trust, financial technology, Fintech, Fintech payment services adoption, employed fresh graduates","PeriodicalId":41923,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Management Accounting Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41713532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zaid Jaradat, Roshaiza Taha, Rosliza Binti Mat Zin, W. Zakaria, R. Aziz
Management Accounting Practices (MAPs) usage among Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) and their implications are examined in this paper. 291 sets of questionnaires were dispersed and six interviews were conducted to gather the data. The usage frequency of individual practices and thematic analysis are deliberated, and the results denote the comparatively low MAPs usage rates among Jordanian SMEs as opposed to those in developed countries. Nonetheless, the reported rates in Jordan are comparable to those in developing countries. Among SMEs, MAPs significantly allow product cost information determination, planning and controlling, and detection of problems. Shortcomings of the traditional system, previous experiments of large companies, and external factors, are considered as the main reasons that motivated SMEs to use MAPs. Insufficient experience, lack of financial resources, and the high costs associated with implementing MAPs are the most crucial reasons that forced SMEs to neglect to use a lot of MAPs. The present study enriches the knowledge of MAPs in the context of SMEs. Also, the significance of MAPs among SME managers is highlighted. Equally, this study should stimulate additional scrutiny and analysis of MAPs amongst SMEs. Keywords: management accounting practices (MAPs), small and mediumsized enterprises (SMEs), Jordan, diffusion of innovations theory
{"title":"The Use And Implications of Management Accounting Practices in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises","authors":"Zaid Jaradat, Roshaiza Taha, Rosliza Binti Mat Zin, W. Zakaria, R. Aziz","doi":"10.24191/apmaj.v16i1-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24191/apmaj.v16i1-10","url":null,"abstract":"Management Accounting Practices (MAPs) usage among Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) and their implications are examined in this paper. 291 sets of questionnaires were dispersed and six interviews were conducted to gather the data. The usage frequency of individual practices and thematic analysis are deliberated, and the results denote the comparatively low MAPs usage rates among Jordanian SMEs as opposed to those in developed countries. Nonetheless, the reported rates in Jordan are comparable to those in developing countries. Among SMEs, MAPs significantly allow product cost information determination, planning and controlling, and detection of problems. Shortcomings of the traditional system, previous experiments of large companies, and external factors, are considered as the main reasons that motivated SMEs to use MAPs. Insufficient experience, lack of financial resources, and the high costs associated with implementing MAPs are the most crucial reasons that forced SMEs to neglect to use a lot of MAPs. The present study enriches the knowledge of MAPs in the context of SMEs. Also, the significance of MAPs among SME managers is highlighted. Equally, this study should stimulate additional scrutiny and analysis of MAPs amongst SMEs. Keywords: management accounting practices (MAPs), small and mediumsized enterprises (SMEs), Jordan, diffusion of innovations theory","PeriodicalId":41923,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Management Accounting Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41821369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of this quantitative study was to evaluate the ability of interactional fairness as a mediator in the relationship between merit-based pay management (such as communication and performance assessment) and organizational commitment. A cross-sectional technique was used to collect 450 useable data of workers from a government-linked company (GLC), who had served more than five years in Selangor and Kuala Lumpur. The outcomes of the Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) path model analysis indicated three important findings. First, communication and performance assessment was significantly correlated with interactional fairness. Second, interactional fairness was significantly correlated with organizational commitment. Third, communication, performance assessment and interactional fairness were significantly correlated with organizational commitment. Statistically, the findings of this study verified that the relationship between communication and performance assessment with organizational commitment is indirectly influenced by interactional fairness. These findings would benefit researchers and organizational management to recognize the importance of merit-based pay management (communication and performance assessment) to nurture employees’ positive feelings, behaviors, and attitudes in an organization. An effective pay management system would likely improve employees’ morale and enhance organizational competitiveness in facing the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic. Keywords: communication, interactional fairness, merit-based pay management, organizational commitment, performance assessment
{"title":"Interactional Fairness as a Mediator Between Merit-Based Pay Management and Organizational Commitment","authors":"M. Razak, Enah Ali","doi":"10.24191/apmaj.v16i1-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24191/apmaj.v16i1-05","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this quantitative study was to evaluate the ability of interactional fairness as a mediator in the relationship between merit-based pay management (such as communication and performance assessment) and organizational commitment. A cross-sectional technique was used to collect 450 useable data of workers from a government-linked company (GLC), who had served more than five years in Selangor and Kuala Lumpur. The outcomes of the Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) path model analysis indicated three important findings. First, communication and performance assessment was significantly correlated with interactional fairness. Second, interactional fairness was significantly correlated with organizational commitment. Third, communication, performance assessment and interactional fairness were significantly correlated with organizational commitment. Statistically, the findings of this study verified that the relationship between communication and performance assessment with organizational commitment is indirectly influenced by interactional fairness. These findings would benefit researchers and organizational management to recognize the importance of merit-based pay management (communication and performance assessment) to nurture employees’ positive feelings, behaviors, and attitudes in an organization. An effective pay management system would likely improve employees’ morale and enhance organizational competitiveness in facing the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic. Keywords: communication, interactional fairness, merit-based pay management, organizational commitment, performance assessment","PeriodicalId":41923,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Management Accounting Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41528761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tourism development has economic benefits, but there also issues related to complex digital marketing and environmental impacts. Nowadays, customers want fast, accurate and friendly responses from the tourism agencies. Hence, the industry must be able to cope with the demands from the clients by using the latest digital technology. Moreover, economic and environmental sustainability are also essential for the long-term tourism resource management. Therefore, this paper explores sustainable tourism in relation to consumer preferences, which ultimately determines economic implications in terms of net value, contributed capital, and employment. Based on the surveys conducted on 75 travel agencies in Europe, it was found that the key factors to destination preferences are (in descending order): customers’ income (67.7%), the exchange rate (63.9%), digital marketing factors (53.4%), respect for the environment (38.6%), and sports activities (33.3%). Keywords: tourism, trip, destination, environment, sport, consumer income
{"title":"Marketing Tourism in the Digital Era and Determinants of Success Factors Influencing Tourist Destinations Preferences","authors":"Mbarek Rahmoun, Yasser Baeshen","doi":"10.24191/apmaj.v16i1-07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24191/apmaj.v16i1-07","url":null,"abstract":"Tourism development has economic benefits, but there also issues related to complex digital marketing and environmental impacts. Nowadays, customers want fast, accurate and friendly responses from the tourism agencies. Hence, the industry must be able to cope with the demands from the clients by using the latest digital technology. Moreover, economic and environmental sustainability are also essential for the long-term tourism resource management. Therefore, this paper explores sustainable tourism in relation to consumer preferences, which ultimately determines economic implications in terms of net value, contributed capital, and employment. Based on the surveys conducted on 75 travel agencies in Europe, it was found that the key factors to destination preferences are (in descending order): customers’ income (67.7%), the exchange rate (63.9%), digital marketing factors (53.4%), respect for the environment (38.6%), and sports activities (33.3%). Keywords: tourism, trip, destination, environment, sport, consumer income","PeriodicalId":41923,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Management Accounting Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47017486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nurul Azlin Azmi, Fazrul Hanim Abd Sata, N. Abdullah, N. H. A. Aziz, I. Ismail
Institutional investors play a significant role as an external watchdog to promote good governance to uphold firm value. The existence of institutional investors as shareholders is able to reduce the agency problem and the costs that arise from shareholder-manager relationship. This study aimed to examine the influence of institutional investors’ shareholdings and firm value among public listed firms in Malaysia. Specifically, it is argued that only pressure-insensitive institutional investors play an active monitoring role to increase a firm’s value, while pressure-sensitive investors, do not. This study employed 595 public listed firms from the main market in Bursa Malaysia for the period 2013 to 2017 (2795 firm-year observations). The results show that the pressure-sensitive and pressure-insensitive investors are positively significant to a firm’s value. These findings revealed that institutional investors in Malaysia play a significant role in increasing a firm’s value. This study will have a significant contribution to firms and the academic literature which states that all types of institutional investors in Malaysia are effectively monitoring their roles as an external corporate governance watchdog. The existence of these investors will be able to promote better governance and increase a firm’s value. Keywords: institutional ownership, pressure-insensitive and pressure sensitive institutional investors, firm’s value
{"title":"Institutional Investors Ownership and Firm Value: Evidence from Malaysia","authors":"Nurul Azlin Azmi, Fazrul Hanim Abd Sata, N. Abdullah, N. H. A. Aziz, I. Ismail","doi":"10.24191/apmaj.v16i1-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24191/apmaj.v16i1-01","url":null,"abstract":"Institutional investors play a significant role as an external watchdog to promote good governance to uphold firm value. The existence of institutional investors as shareholders is able to reduce the agency problem and the costs that arise from shareholder-manager relationship. This study aimed to examine the influence of institutional investors’ shareholdings and firm value among public listed firms in Malaysia. Specifically, it is argued that only pressure-insensitive institutional investors play an active monitoring role to increase a firm’s value, while pressure-sensitive investors, do not. This study employed 595 public listed firms from the main market in Bursa Malaysia for the period 2013 to 2017 (2795 firm-year observations). The results show that the pressure-sensitive and pressure-insensitive investors are positively significant to a firm’s value. These findings revealed that institutional investors in Malaysia play a significant role in increasing a firm’s value. This study will have a significant contribution to firms and the academic literature which states that all types of institutional investors in Malaysia are effectively monitoring their roles as an external corporate governance watchdog. The existence of these investors will be able to promote better governance and increase a firm’s value. Keywords: institutional ownership, pressure-insensitive and pressure sensitive institutional investors, firm’s value","PeriodicalId":41923,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Management Accounting Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47236578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Value Added Taxes increases the cost of living and affect the ability of loan repayments indirectly. The introduction of the Goods and Services Tax (GST) in Malaysia in 2014 had garnered significant attention on its potential negative effects on the property industry. Coincidentally, there is a rise of non-performing non-housing property loans (NPNHLs) consisting of industrial and commercial property loans as GST was introduced and was in effect. The NPNHLs which consists of mainly industrial and commercial property loans faced a steep increase for the first time in 2014, after a long and consistent decline since 2007. From the inception stage of the GST to its effective implementation date, the Malaysian NPNHLs responded with a unique pattern that offers an opportunity for research. Hence, this study aimed to investigate and measure the intervention spill-over effects of GST upon the Malaysian NPNHLs. Utilizing a quasi-experimental design of interruptive time series regression analysis, it was found that there is a close and significant relationship between the implementation of GST and the rise of NPNHLs in Malaysia. The pre and post intervention of the GST regime was found to be in sync with the rise of non-performing non-housing property loans in Malaysia. Keywords: value added tax, goods and services tax, interruptive time series regression, Malaysia
{"title":"Interruptive Time Series Analysis of GST Upon Non-Performing Non-Housing Property Loans: Case Study from Malaysia","authors":"K. Tham, Rosli Said, Y. Adnan","doi":"10.24191/apmaj.v16i1-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24191/apmaj.v16i1-03","url":null,"abstract":"Value Added Taxes increases the cost of living and affect the ability of loan repayments indirectly. The introduction of the Goods and Services Tax (GST) in Malaysia in 2014 had garnered significant attention on its potential negative effects on the property industry. Coincidentally, there is a rise of non-performing non-housing property loans (NPNHLs) consisting of industrial and commercial property loans as GST was introduced and was in effect. The NPNHLs which consists of mainly industrial and commercial property loans faced a steep increase for the first time in 2014, after a long and consistent decline since 2007. From the inception stage of the GST to its effective implementation date, the Malaysian NPNHLs responded with a unique pattern that offers an opportunity for research. Hence, this study aimed to investigate and measure the intervention spill-over effects of GST upon the Malaysian NPNHLs. Utilizing a quasi-experimental design of interruptive time series regression analysis, it was found that there is a close and significant relationship between the implementation of GST and the rise of NPNHLs in Malaysia. The pre and post intervention of the GST regime was found to be in sync with the rise of non-performing non-housing property loans in Malaysia. Keywords: value added tax, goods and services tax, interruptive time series regression, Malaysia","PeriodicalId":41923,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Management Accounting Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45481437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. N. Jaafar, Amirul Afif Muhamat, Norzitah Abdul Karim, Mohd Faizal Basri, Amer Alif Hasmadi
Macroeconomic variables may influence the issuance of Sukuk. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between macroeconomic variables namely Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, inflation, rules of law, corruption of control and political stability. This study used a panel data study consisting of 11 countries that were mostly involved in the issuance of Sukuk. The countries are Bahrain, Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, Kuwait, Malaysia, Pakistan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Turkey and United Arab Emirates. The data was generated from 2006 until 2015 and collected from the authorized sources such as the Islamic Finance Information Services (IFIS), World Development Indicator and World Economic Outlook. This research employed several statistical methods like descriptive statistics, unit root test, and correlation analysis. In order to meet the objective of this research, an econometrics estimation of Pool Ordinary least square model, Fixed Effect Model and Random Effect Model were tested. The output from the Fixed Effect Model indicates that only GDP and control of corruption have a significant relationship to Sukuk issuance. It can be concluded that when the GDP increases, the number of Sukuk issued will increase accordingly. This is also applicable to corruption where better control of corruption will lead to an increase in Sukuk issuance. Therefore, good policies should in place to ensure a conducive economic environment that will encourage participation in the Sukuk market. Keywords: Sukuk, Islamic capital market, macroeconomic, panel data, least square model
{"title":"The Determinants of Sukuk Issuance: Evidence from Top Sukuk Issuing Countries","authors":"M. N. Jaafar, Amirul Afif Muhamat, Norzitah Abdul Karim, Mohd Faizal Basri, Amer Alif Hasmadi","doi":"10.24191/apmaj.v16i1-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24191/apmaj.v16i1-02","url":null,"abstract":"Macroeconomic variables may influence the issuance of Sukuk. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between macroeconomic variables namely Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, inflation, rules of law, corruption of control and political stability. This study used a panel data study consisting of 11 countries that were mostly involved in the issuance of Sukuk. The countries are Bahrain, Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, Kuwait, Malaysia, Pakistan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Turkey and United Arab Emirates. The data was generated from 2006 until 2015 and collected from the authorized sources such as the Islamic Finance Information Services (IFIS), World Development Indicator and World Economic Outlook. This research employed several statistical methods like descriptive statistics, unit root test, and correlation analysis. In order to meet the objective of this research, an econometrics estimation of Pool Ordinary least square model, Fixed Effect Model and Random Effect Model were tested. The output from the Fixed Effect Model indicates that only GDP and control of corruption have a significant relationship to Sukuk issuance. It can be concluded that when the GDP increases, the number of Sukuk issued will increase accordingly. This is also applicable to corruption where better control of corruption will lead to an increase in Sukuk issuance. Therefore, good policies should in place to ensure a conducive economic environment that will encourage participation in the Sukuk market. Keywords: Sukuk, Islamic capital market, macroeconomic, panel data, least square model","PeriodicalId":41923,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Management Accounting Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48313939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study presents the effect of political and social globalisation on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflow in developing countries. The eminence of decomposed globalisation element in the FDI area is argued here. New insights into empirical evidence are offered by dropping economic globalisation as one of the decomposed components. A panel data of 42 developing countries from 1984 until 2016 was used by applying the CSARDL approach. The study is also on the impact of political and social globalisation in developing countries by splitting them into two income stratification: Upper Middle-income Countries and Lower Middle-Income Countries by incorporating financial development as a moderating variable. It documents that political globalisation postulates a U-shaped relationship after addressing the Cross-Sectional Dependence (CD) problem, while social globalisation reverses the U-shaped relationship. It was found that political globalisation and social globalisation are conditional to the level of income rather than the overall developing countries’ stream. Besides, the prominent role of financial development in promoting FDI inflow, especially to income level, was observed. We suggest that developing countries should increase the capacity to absorb political and social globalisation in promoting FDI. Keywords: FDI inflow, globalisation, political globalisation, social globalisation, financial development, CS-ARDL
{"title":"The Influence of Political and Social Globalisation on Foreign Direct Investment Inflow in Developing Countries: The Role of Financial Development as a Moderating Factor","authors":"Marhamah Rafidi, Jamaliah Said, Naila Erum, Farha Ghapar","doi":"10.24191/apmaj.v16i1-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24191/apmaj.v16i1-11","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents the effect of political and social globalisation on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflow in developing countries. The eminence of decomposed globalisation element in the FDI area is argued here. New insights into empirical evidence are offered by dropping economic globalisation as one of the decomposed components. A panel data of 42 developing countries from 1984 until 2016 was used by applying the CSARDL approach. The study is also on the impact of political and social globalisation in developing countries by splitting them into two income stratification: Upper Middle-income Countries and Lower Middle-Income Countries by incorporating financial development as a moderating variable. It documents that political globalisation postulates a U-shaped relationship after addressing the Cross-Sectional Dependence (CD) problem, while social globalisation reverses the U-shaped relationship. It was found that political globalisation and social globalisation are conditional to the level of income rather than the overall developing countries’ stream. Besides, the prominent role of financial development in promoting FDI inflow, especially to income level, was observed. We suggest that developing countries should increase the capacity to absorb political and social globalisation in promoting FDI. Keywords: FDI inflow, globalisation, political globalisation, social globalisation, financial development, CS-ARDL","PeriodicalId":41923,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Management Accounting Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46915709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohamad Mahsun, Nafsiah Mohamed, S. Yusuf, Indrawati Yuhertiana
Fraud Risk Assessment (FRA) is claimed to be an important activity at the audit planning stage in both the private and public sectors. In fact, because of the importance of FRA activities, Auditing Standards (SAS 99, ISA 240, ISSAI 1240) have required auditors to carry out FRAs at the audit planning stage. FRA is considered as the core activity of financial audit planning because of the impact of fraud on the sustainability of an entity, quality of life, and economic growth. This study aimed to determine the practice of FRA in public sector audits and to find out more about the obstacles faced by auditors during the audit process and to find out the causes of these obstacles by considering the approach to the Audit Standards used. This study found that auditors’ performance can be determined based on their complete compliance with audit standards. We have encountered a serious problem that requires firm action from the government or a competent official, namely the auditor’s willingness in preparing the Fraud Risk Assessment Matrix. In addition, we recommend the Audit Standards Board to adopt international public sector auditing standards and disseminate them through training for auditors, students, and professionals. Keywords: fraud risk assessment, public sector audit, auditor competency
{"title":"Investigating Fraud Risks Assessment Practices in Public Sector Audits","authors":"Mohamad Mahsun, Nafsiah Mohamed, S. Yusuf, Indrawati Yuhertiana","doi":"10.24191/apmaj.v16i1-08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24191/apmaj.v16i1-08","url":null,"abstract":"Fraud Risk Assessment (FRA) is claimed to be an important activity at the audit planning stage in both the private and public sectors. In fact, because of the importance of FRA activities, Auditing Standards (SAS 99, ISA 240, ISSAI 1240) have required auditors to carry out FRAs at the audit planning stage. FRA is considered as the core activity of financial audit planning because of the impact of fraud on the sustainability of an entity, quality of life, and economic growth. This study aimed to determine the practice of FRA in public sector audits and to find out more about the obstacles faced by auditors during the audit process and to find out the causes of these obstacles by considering the approach to the Audit Standards used. This study found that auditors’ performance can be determined based on their complete compliance with audit standards. We have encountered a serious problem that requires firm action from the government or a competent official, namely the auditor’s willingness in preparing the Fraud Risk Assessment Matrix. In addition, we recommend the Audit Standards Board to adopt international public sector auditing standards and disseminate them through training for auditors, students, and professionals. Keywords: fraud risk assessment, public sector audit, auditor competency","PeriodicalId":41923,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Management Accounting Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46234267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper analyses the level of compliance of financial disclosure with accounting standards of the Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic Financial Institutions (AAOIFI) and its determinants in Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) Islamic banks. Based on 40 Islamic banks in seven MENA countries over the period 2010-2016, the authors used a disclosure index to measure the compliance level and the effect of governance characteristics and the Sharia Board on the extent of compliance with the AAOIFI accounting standards. Results show a high level of compliance (67%). Using the Feasible General Least Square Regression, we found that the presence of women on the board of directors, the reputation of the Sharia Board, and the cross membership of Sharia Board members are key determinants of compliance. While independence of board of directors is significantly associated to reduced financial disclosure. The research contributes to the literature on accounting and the Islamic banking sector. These findings will be useful for regulatory authorities to better- understand the accounting disclosure practices of Islamic banks. Although findings are encouraging, the sample is limited only to banks. Future researches could deal with a larger sample and review other disclosure items to ensure compliance with the AAOIFI standards. Few empirical studies have explored the determinants of compliance with the AAOIFI standards for Islamic banks in MENA countries. Therefore, this work complements and enriches the research in the field in the MENA region. Keywords: financial disclosure, AAOIFI compliance, Islamic banks, governance characteristics, Sharia board
{"title":"Compliance and Determinants of the AAOIFI Financial Standards: Evidence from the MENA Region","authors":"Oumayma Bechihi, S. Boumediene, Olfa Nafti","doi":"10.24191/apmaj.v16i1-09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24191/apmaj.v16i1-09","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyses the level of compliance of financial disclosure with accounting standards of the Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic Financial Institutions (AAOIFI) and its determinants in Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) Islamic banks. Based on 40 Islamic banks in seven MENA countries over the period 2010-2016, the authors used a disclosure index to measure the compliance level and the effect of governance characteristics and the Sharia Board on the extent of compliance with the AAOIFI accounting standards. Results show a high level of compliance (67%). Using the Feasible General Least Square Regression, we found that the presence of women on the board of directors, the reputation of the Sharia Board, and the cross membership of Sharia Board members are key determinants of compliance. While independence of board of directors is significantly associated to reduced financial disclosure. The research contributes to the literature on accounting and the Islamic banking sector. These findings will be useful for regulatory authorities to better- understand the accounting disclosure practices of Islamic banks. Although findings are encouraging, the sample is limited only to banks. Future researches could deal with a larger sample and review other disclosure items to ensure compliance with the AAOIFI standards. Few empirical studies have explored the determinants of compliance with the AAOIFI standards for Islamic banks in MENA countries. Therefore, this work complements and enriches the research in the field in the MENA region. Keywords: financial disclosure, AAOIFI compliance, Islamic banks, governance characteristics, Sharia board","PeriodicalId":41923,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Management Accounting Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41620843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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