Renewable Energy最新文献

{"title":"Reassessing renewability and carbon-neutrality of photovoltaic systems in China: From factory-level evaluation based on the most complete and current inventories to national scale implications","authors":"Yilin Li ,&nbsp;Mingkai Liu ,&nbsp;Guoqian Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2026.125294","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.renene.2026.125294","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite the rapid expansion of photovoltaic systems under China's dual carbon goals, quantitative assessments of their nonrenewable energy savings and carbon mitigation benefits, grounded in the most comprehensive and up-to-date inventories, remain scarce. By compiling a high-resolution inventory that includes previously overlooked equipment, material and service inputs, this study evaluates performances of a representative photovoltaic plant newly constructed in Tibet from climate and economic perspectives, and scales up results to the national scale by integrating 8969 operating plant-specific data across China. Results reveal that the latest photovoltaic system has achieved exceptionally high levels of renewability (92.28 %) and carbon neutrality (90.31 %) compared to standard supercritical coal-fired power plants. The macro-level picture shows that photovoltaic plants built nationwide have offset 2.04 % of China's total carbon emissions by 2020, with projected cumulative benefits from planned solar PV deployment by 2050 contributing 27.48 %–69.34 % toward the national carbon neutrality goal. Correspondingly, the avoided climate-driven economic damages during 2010–2020 were comparable to government's investments in photovoltaic systems related incentive policies. These results can help us formulate geospatially heterogeneous policies to make full use of the benefits obtained by solar PV systems in planning carbon neutralization roadmap, achieving environmental sustainability, economic viability and the trade-offs between them.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":419,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy","volume":"261 ","pages":"Article 125294"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146035731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A hybrid deep learning framework for day-ahead PV forecasting using coarse-grained weather data","authors":"Xuhui Hu,&nbsp;Huimin Li,&nbsp;Chen Si,&nbsp;Yue Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2026.125306","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.renene.2026.125306","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate day-ahead photovoltaic forecasting is critical for grid reliability and market operations, especially when high-resolution weather data are unavailable. Existing models often suffer reduced accuracy or data leakage risks when handling coarse-grained meteorological inputs. This work proposes a novel deep learning framework that enhances photovoltaic forecasting performance using low-resolution weather data while explicitly avoiding information leakage during decomposition. The proposed method combines three key components: (1) a Similar-Day Reconstruction strategy that identifies and ranks past weather-photovoltaic profiles using multi-segment weighted similarity matching; (2) a dual-branch prediction module that separates trend and volatility modelling, where Multi-variable Variational Mode Decomposition is used for trend extraction in a leakage-free manner; and (3) a Multi-Stream Learning Convolutional Network that fuses Long Short-Term Memory networks, Convolutional Neural Networks, residual, and attention pathways to capture multi-scale temporal features. Final forecasts are generated through weighted integration of both branches. Extensive experiments on three photovoltaic datasets demonstrate that the proposed approach outperforms benchmark models (e.g., Long Short-Term Memory networks, Transformer) across multiple weather conditions. It maintains robust prediction accuracy despite low-granularity weather inputs. The framework demonstrates strong generalization, methodological rigor in avoiding information leakage, and practical value for real-world photovoltaic forecasting applications where high-resolution weather data may be unavailable.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":419,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy","volume":"261 ","pages":"Article 125306"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146035739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptive short-time frequency support for doubly-fed wind turbines with enhanced frequency nadir and accelerated speed recovery","authors":"Jiandong Duan ,&nbsp;Yu Zhang ,&nbsp;Jiaxin Tao ,&nbsp;Zhifan Li ,&nbsp;He Ni ,&nbsp;Yaping Deng","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2026.125305","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.renene.2026.125305","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High wind penetration reduces system inertia and challenges frequency stability. This paper proposes an adaptive short-time frequency support strategy for doubly fed induction generators (DFIGs) that raises the frequency nadir during the support stage and accelerates rotor-speed recovery while mitigating the secondary frequency drop (SFD). Firstly, a rate of change of frequency based disturbance factor is introduced to adaptive scale the power-increment trajectory to the disturbance severity, and an exponential recovery trajectory is employed to smooth power withdrawal and prevent SFD. Secondly, under explicit wind turbine safety constraints, the strategy aims to maximize frequency nadir improvement while minimizing recovery time. The strategy is validated on an RT-LAB real-time platform across multiple load disturbances, wind penetrations, and wind speeds. Results show that, relative to existing methods, the proposed strategy increases the frequency nadir by up to 0.3Hz and shortens rotor speed recovery time by up to 18.8s, while preserving wind turbine operational safety offering practical insights for applications in high-renewable power systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":419,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy","volume":"261 ","pages":"Article 125305"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146035660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Model-based province-level projections of residential PV lifecycle emissions under trade-old-for-new policies in China (2020–2050)","authors":"Jiahan Luo ,&nbsp;Lei Chen ,&nbsp;Yushu Chen ,&nbsp;Guotian Cai","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2026.125279","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.renene.2026.125279","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Residential photovoltaic (PV) systems are central to China's decarbonization, yet aging assets threaten long-term mitigation. This study quantifies the impact of Trade-Old-for-New (TON) policies on the lifecycle carbon outcomes of residential photovoltaic systems across China from 2020 to 2050. A province-level modeling framework is employed, projecting PV adoption, tracking retirements via Weibull lifetimes, and computing lifecycle emissions with dynamic emission factors and recycling credits, spatial dynamics are summarized with standard deviational ellipse metrics, and scenarios compare complete replacement, progressive replacement, and static retirement. Results reveal pronounced heterogeneity, eastern provinces contribute over 60 % of cumulative reductions; Hebei and Shandong achieve up to 789 % and 232 % greater reductions under complete replacement versus a static retirement baseline, and spatial coverage expands by 134.6 % by 2050 as TON diffuses westward. Recycling accounts for 30–35 % of lifecycle savings under TON, while its absence would lower national mitigation by over 30 %. The novelty lies in endogenizing TON with certified recycling within the lifecycle boundary, delivering spatiotemporal trajectories that isolate the incremental mitigation from replacement policy. The findings prioritize provinces with aging fleets and high grid-emission factors and suggest allocating about a significant portion of policy support to certified recycling, providing actionable levers for carbon neutrality pathway.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":419,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy","volume":"261 ","pages":"Article 125279"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146035740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy harvesting characteristics of flapping turbines using non-sinusoidal trajectories","authors":"Yalei Bai ,&nbsp;Huimin Yao ,&nbsp;Min Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2026.125304","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.renene.2026.125304","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;This study constructs a flapping motion model with an elliptic equation based non-sinusoidal trajectory through numerical simulation, systematically investigating the influence mechanisms of heaving and pitching amplitudes, reduced frequency, and non-sinusoidal parameters on energy extraction performance. The results reveal that when the non-sinusoidal parameter &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;S&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; is set to &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;1.4&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, the pitching amplitude &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;θ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; to &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;90&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;°&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, the heaving amplitude &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;h&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; to &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0.25&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, and the reduced frequency &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;f&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;∗&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; to &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0.16&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, the energy extraction efficiency reaches &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;53.7&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;%&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, representing a &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;17.6&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;%&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; improvement over the optimal sinusoidal trajectory and approaching the Betz theoretical limit. The study indicates that non-sinusoidal trajectories can overcome the operational constraints of heaving and pitching amplitudes through parametric optimization. Specifically, sawtooth-like trajectories are better suited for small-amplitude conditions (&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;h&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;/&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;c&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;&lt;&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;θ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;≥&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;100&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;°&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;), while square-wave trajectories exhibit superior performance under large-amplitude conditions (&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;h&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;/&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;c&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;&gt;&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;θ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;&lt;&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;100&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;°&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;). Moreover, the reduced frequency maintains a high-efficiency regime (&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;η&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;&gt;&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;50&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;%&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;) within an extended range of &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0.12&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; to &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0.2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;. Through vortices dynamics analysis, four characteristic vorticity patterns are identified, revealing that the formation of a reverse Kármán vortex street is strongly correlated with high energy extraction efficiency. An evaluation criterion about the effective angle of attack &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;α&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;e&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; is established, demonstrating that high-efficiency energy harvesting is achievable when &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;|&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;α&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;e&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;|&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; ranges between &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0.4&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; to &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0.65&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow","PeriodicalId":419,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy","volume":"261 ","pages":"Article 125304"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146035743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing non-equilibrium carrier concentration via thickness engineering in Py-COF/CdS S-scheme heterojunctions for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution","authors":"Lei Zhao ,&nbsp;Haiyang Wu ,&nbsp;Fuqing Zhang ,&nbsp;Xuan He ,&nbsp;Xing Du ,&nbsp;Weixin Li ,&nbsp;Daheng Wang ,&nbsp;Wei Fang ,&nbsp;Hui Chen ,&nbsp;Zhen Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2026.125302","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.renene.2026.125302","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rational design of S-scheme heterojunctions aims to leverage the built-in electric field (BEF) for efficient charge separation, yet the optimize the non-equilibrium carrier concentration in the heterojunction remains underexplored. Herein, we construct S-Scheme heterojunctions Py-COF/CdS and systematically investigate the correlation between CdS layer thickness and carrier dynamics, emphasizing carrier drift-diffusion balance under BEF. Theoretical and experimental analyses reveal that optimizing CdS thickness in S-Scheme heterojunction to match the depletion-layer width (for solid-solid/solution interfaces) can minimize bulk diffusion length, thereby maximizing non-equilibrium carrier concentration. When the bulk diffusion length for charges is optimized to approach zero, carrier extraction efficiency peaks due to BEF-dominated drift transport, yielding the highest charge carrier concentration for SF5, which was around 1.2-fold increase than that of SF1 and SF8. The enhanced hydrogen evolution rate was also achieved to 10.50 mmol h⁻¹ g⁻¹ with a 19.2 % apparent quantum efficiency. This work establishes, for the first time, a thickness-dependent carrier regulation framework, bridging the gap between delicate material design and non-equilibrium kinetics for high-performance photocatalytic systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":419,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy","volume":"261 ","pages":"Article 125302"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146035735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PEFT-based large language model for wind power forecasting and risk-tunable energy scheduling in microgrids","authors":"Zuqing Zheng ,&nbsp;Zhaoyang Dong ,&nbsp;Yuechuan Tao ,&nbsp;Tong Li ,&nbsp;Xinlei Wang ,&nbsp;Guo Chen ,&nbsp;Junhua Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2026.125297","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.renene.2026.125297","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing penetration of uncertain wind power in microgrids challenges scheduling, security, and reliability. To enhance forecast performance, this paper proposes a new method utilizing a large language model (LLM) with parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) technique, specifically Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) for wind power forecasting. Leveraging LLMs’ superior pattern recognition and contextual understanding capabilities, the historical wind power data, meteorological inputs, and relevant context are used in text-based prompts via a supervised instruction fine-tuning strategy. This enables the model to capture complex dependencies and predict future output. Building on the LLM forecasts, a data-driven, risk-tunable uncertainty set based on the Wasserstein distance is developed to characterize forecast errors. This set incorporates the operator’s risk preference. It feeds a robust optimization framework for microgrid scheduling, enabling optimization at varying risk levels. The prompt-optimized LLM forecasting model achieves a 37.99% reduction in mean squared error versus traditional LSTM on the target dataset. Furthermore, the derived risk-tunable uncertainty set enables a robust optimization framework, validated on a modified IEEE 39-bus system, that reduces operational cost by about 5.53% compared to the traditional robust method and improves computational efficiency by about 94.96% versus stochastic optimization, maintaining an effective conservatism-efficiency balance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":419,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy","volume":"261 ","pages":"Article 125297"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146035734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance evaluation of reanalysis models for upsampling of solar irradiance and wind speed data","authors":"Kevin Danila ,&nbsp;Jan Vollmer ,&nbsp;Philip Kunz","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2026.125301","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.renene.2026.125301","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The transition to renewable energy sources is a cornerstone of modern energy system transformation. Yet, the integration of solar and wind power remains challenging due to limited availability of high-resolution time series data. Accurate modeling and forecasting of renewable energy generation are essential for grid stability, and the effective deployment of technologies such as water electrolysis. However, most available datasets are provided at coarse temporal resolutions, which restricts their utility for dynamic system analysis and hinders the development of robust operational strategies. This study addresses this critical gap by evaluating the performance of reanalysis models and introducing a statistical upsampling approach that generates data with 1-min resolution from reanalysis data with 1-h resolution using a first-order Markov chain Monte Carlo method. The method is validated against measured data. The normalized root-mean-square error of the simulated data is less than 10% and the mean intra-hour standard deviation differs from 4.8% to 9.1% compared to measured values for solar irradiance and wind speed. The generated data facilitates the optimization of system operation, and enhances the planning of sector-coupled infrastructures. Ultimately, this approach enables reliable integration of renewable energy despite limited data availability and thus contributes to the advancement of the sustainable energy transition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":419,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy","volume":"261 ","pages":"Article 125301"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145975993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Macroscopic spray characteristics of methanol fuel enhanced by ducted fuel injection technology in single-hole injectors","authors":"Tao Chen ,&nbsp;Yiyang Dai ,&nbsp;Peijin Liu ,&nbsp;Yiqiang Pei ,&nbsp;Minshuo Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2026.125303","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.renene.2026.125303","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Green methanol, a renewable and potentially carbon-neutral fuel, combines significant life-cycle carbon reduction with compatibility to existing fuel infrastructure. However, strategies to optimize its spray and combustion processes remain underexplored. Ducted fuel injection (DFI) is an emerging spray combustion strategy that can improve mixing of fuel with air and decrease exhaust emissions, yet its applicability to methanol has not been systematically investigated. This study presents the first experimental investigation of DFI for methanol, aiming to clarify its spray behavior and underlying flow mechanisms. This study systematically investigates the effects of injection pressure and two duct configurations—a straight duct with a 2 mm inner diameter (ST2) and a convergent–divergent duct with a 4.5 mm outlet diameter (CD4.5)—on methanol spray morphology, flow perturbations, and macroscopic spray characteristics, in comparison with conventional free spray (FR) conditions. Flow disturbance analysis revealed that the ST2 duct spray induced moderate unsteady perturbations along the spray boundary, leading to a slight increase in local turbulence intensity. In contrast, the CD4.5 duct spray significantly amplified unsteady flow structures, generating a broader region of elevated fluctuating values, which is favorable for enhancing fuel–air mixing. At 80 MPa injection pressure, the ST2 duct spray exhibited nearly a 50 % increase in spray cone angle and enhanced spray tip penetration by about 3.43 %–9.76 % relative to the FR spray. The CD4.5 duct spray, on the other hand, resulted in a 117.26 % increase in spray cone angle but reduced spray tip penetration by 12.91 %–13.56 %. This study provides the first validation of the applicability of DFI technology to methanol fuel, delivering quantitative evidence that can inform injector optimization and foster the development of combustion systems with enhanced efficiency and reduced emissions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":419,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy","volume":"261 ","pages":"Article 125303"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146035824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative study on green methanol production: Energy, exergy, economy and environment","authors":"Baoxin Niu ,&nbsp;Jingang Yao ,&nbsp;Guanyi Chen ,&nbsp;Beibei Yan ,&nbsp;Zhanjun Cheng ,&nbsp;Weiming Yi ,&nbsp;Jian Li ,&nbsp;Lingyu Tai ,&nbsp;Obie Farobie ,&nbsp;Paolo De Filippis ,&nbsp;Benedetta De Caprariis","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2026.125286","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.renene.2026.125286","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although methanol (MeOH) is increasingly recognized as a promising low-carbon fuel for decarbonizing the shipping industry, comprehensive comparisons of CO₂-neutral production pathways remain scarce. Given that shipping currently accounts for about 3 % of global anthropogenic carbon emissions, projected to rise to 5–8 % by 2050 without mitigation, identifying efficient and sustainable MeOH production methods is critical. This study analyzed three CO₂-neutral MeOH production processes: natural gas steam reforming, biomass gasification and biogas reforming, using Aspen Plus simulations to calculate mass and energy balances, with energy, exergy, economic and environmental assessments for 500 kg h⁻¹ production. Material flow analysis shows that all three pathways require feedstock inputs of similar magnitude, with natural gas reforming using the least and biomass/biogas slightly more. Steam demand varies more noticeably, as biogas reforming requires substantially less than the other routes. Despite these differences, energy and exergy efficiencies remain comparable at roughly 49–51 %. Natural gas reforming is currently the most economical option, while biomass- and biogas-based routes hold longer-term promise as renewable feedstock costs decrease. Environmentally, biogas reforming achieves the greatest emissions reduction (61.7 %), followed by biomass gasification (51.4 %), underscoring their advantages for low-carbon MeOH production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":419,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy","volume":"261 ","pages":"Article 125286"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146035820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}