Pub Date : 2025-02-03DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2025.122588
Anjan Kumar Sahu , Mantu Kumar Mahalik
The ramifications of income inequality have sparked significant interest among energy policymakers and academia, leading them to explore its influence on renewable energy consumption. While prior research has investigated the rapport between income disparity and clean energy demand, the moderating role of the opportunity (intergenerational mobility) available has been largely overlooked. This study proposes that the connection between economic inequality and renewable energy consumption depends on the level of intergenerational mobility. This study utilizes newly developed intergenerational mobility data from the Global Database on Intergenerational Mobility (GDIM) released by the World Bank to test the hypothesis. The empirical investigation uses the system-generalized method of moments (GMM) covering 37 OECD economies from 1995 to 2019. The outcomes reveal a positive moderating role of intergenerational mobility on renewable energy demand. This finding implies that societies with lower intergenerational mobility may experience a more pronounced adverse effect of income inequality on clean energy consumption than societies with higher intergenerational mobility. The findings highlight the need for stakeholders to develop targeted initiatives that enhance intergenerational mobility and bridge the income gap, fostering equitable access to renewable energy technologies.
{"title":"The linkage between income inequality, opportunity and renewable energy demand: Panel evidence from OECD economies","authors":"Anjan Kumar Sahu , Mantu Kumar Mahalik","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2025.122588","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.renene.2025.122588","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The ramifications of income inequality have sparked significant interest among energy policymakers and academia, leading them to explore its influence on renewable energy consumption. While prior research has investigated the rapport between income disparity and clean energy demand, the moderating role of the opportunity (intergenerational mobility) available has been largely overlooked. This study proposes that the connection between economic inequality and renewable energy consumption depends on the level of intergenerational mobility. This study utilizes newly developed intergenerational mobility data from the Global Database on Intergenerational Mobility (GDIM) released by the World Bank to test the hypothesis. The empirical investigation uses the system-generalized method of moments (GMM) covering 37 OECD economies from 1995 to 2019. The outcomes reveal a positive moderating role of intergenerational mobility on renewable energy demand. This finding implies that societies with lower intergenerational mobility may experience a more pronounced adverse effect of income inequality on clean energy consumption than societies with higher intergenerational mobility. The findings highlight the need for stakeholders to develop targeted initiatives that enhance intergenerational mobility and bridge the income gap, fostering equitable access to renewable energy technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":419,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 122588"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143350658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2024.122096
Lingzhi Zhang , Ruifeng Shi , Jin Ning , Limin Jia , Kwang Y. Lee
The reciprocal advancement of energy and transportation serves as a foundation for and accelerates the continuity of human civilization and technological development. The transportation sector represents a substantial proportion of energy consumption, thus, making the optimization of transportation assets and the greening of energy utilization are critical strategies for achieving dual carbon targets. This study addresses the deficiencies in performance assessment methodologies for self-sufficient energy systems in road transportation by proposing a Reliability, Availability, Maintainability, Safety (RAMS) assessment framework and corresponding indicator system that incorporates "source-load" uncertainties. Analysis of operational modes enables to determine the overall system performance. Initially, the study establishes the system architecture for self-sufficient energy systems in road transportation, complemented by a "source-storage-load" component model. Subsequently, 13 RAMS assessment indicators are developed incorporating uncertainties, and a RAMS assessment framework is presented. To mitigate the impact of uncertainties on system evaluations, the Latin Hypercube Sampling method and synchronous back-substitution scenario reduction technique are employed.
Finally, utilizing the Gela section of the Jing-Zang Expressway, China, as a case study, the validity of the proposed RAMS indicators and methods is assessed by comparing the operational results of three distinct modes, grouped by with and without hydrogen storage systems, and with and without gas turbines, across the four seasons. The findings indicate that, with increased system configurations with hydrogen storage systems and gas turbines, enhancements of 96.77 %, 88.57 %, 85.71 %, and 71.43 % in RAMS performance were obtained in spring, summer, autumn, and winter, respectively. Seasonal analysis demonstrates that the system performs optimally in summer and autumn, with minimal variation, followed by spring, and exhibits the lowest performance in winter.
{"title":"RAMS assessment methodology for road transport self-contained energy systems considering source-load dual uncertainty","authors":"Lingzhi Zhang , Ruifeng Shi , Jin Ning , Limin Jia , Kwang Y. Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2024.122096","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.renene.2024.122096","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The reciprocal advancement of energy and transportation serves as a foundation for and accelerates the continuity of human civilization and technological development. The transportation sector represents a substantial proportion of energy consumption, thus, making the optimization of transportation assets and the greening of energy utilization are critical strategies for achieving dual carbon targets. This study addresses the deficiencies in performance assessment methodologies for self-sufficient energy systems in road transportation by proposing a Reliability, Availability, Maintainability, Safety (RAMS) assessment framework and corresponding indicator system that incorporates \"source-load\" uncertainties. Analysis of operational modes enables to determine the overall system performance. Initially, the study establishes the system architecture for self-sufficient energy systems in road transportation, complemented by a \"source-storage-load\" component model. Subsequently, 13 RAMS assessment indicators are developed incorporating uncertainties, and a RAMS assessment framework is presented. To mitigate the impact of uncertainties on system evaluations, the Latin Hypercube Sampling method and synchronous back-substitution scenario reduction technique are employed.</div><div>Finally, utilizing the Gela section of the Jing-Zang Expressway, China, as a case study, the validity of the proposed RAMS indicators and methods is assessed by comparing the operational results of three distinct modes, grouped by with and without hydrogen storage systems, and with and without gas turbines, across the four seasons. The findings indicate that, with increased system configurations with hydrogen storage systems and gas turbines, enhancements of 96.77 %, 88.57 %, 85.71 %, and 71.43 % in RAMS performance were obtained in spring, summer, autumn, and winter, respectively. Seasonal analysis demonstrates that the system performs optimally in summer and autumn, with minimal variation, followed by spring, and exhibits the lowest performance in winter.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":419,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 122096"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143143327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2024.122113
Qi Peng , Daifeng Li , Xiaoqin Sun , Jie Li , Yaping Zhou , Liping Zeng
In this work, a synthetical photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) system incorporating phase change materials (PCMs), metal fin and heat exchange pipe was proposed. The influences of fluid flow velocity, PCMs thickness and heat exchange pipe position on the photovoltaic/thermal characteristics were investigated. The work demonstrated that the average photovoltaic conversion efficiency for the synthetical PV system (PV/T-PCM) respectively increased by 40.4 %, 9.8 %, and 10.1 %, compared with the traditionary PV, PV-PCM and PV/T systems. Meanwhile, the all-day output electric energy of PV/T-PCM system also enhanced by 205.85, 71 W·h and 50.2 W·h, respectively. Increasing water flow velocity from 0.02 m/s to 1 m/s led to a maximum increase of 1.91 % in the average photovoltaic conversion efficiency, 9.14 % in the average photothermal conversion efficiency and 2.12 % in the all-day output electric energy. The PV/T-PCM system owning 35 mm thick PCMs reached the highest average photovoltaic conversion efficiency of 11.26 %. The highest photothermal conversion efficiency of 70.7 % was reached in system with 45 mm thick PCMs. The average photovoltaic and photothermal conversion efficiencies for PV/T-PCM system respectively enhanced by 3.91 % and 11.08 % by optimizing the distance between heat exchange pipes and PV back plate.
{"title":"Experimental and numerical investigation on photovoltaic/thermal characteristics of an integrated PV/T-PCM system with metal fin and heat exchange pipe","authors":"Qi Peng , Daifeng Li , Xiaoqin Sun , Jie Li , Yaping Zhou , Liping Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2024.122113","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.renene.2024.122113","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, a synthetical photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) system incorporating phase change materials (PCMs), metal fin and heat exchange pipe was proposed. The influences of fluid flow velocity, PCMs thickness and heat exchange pipe position on the photovoltaic/thermal characteristics were investigated. The work demonstrated that the average photovoltaic conversion efficiency for the synthetical PV system (PV/T-PCM) respectively increased by 40.4 %, 9.8 %, and 10.1 %, compared with the traditionary PV, PV-PCM and PV/T systems. Meanwhile, the all-day output electric energy of PV/T-PCM system also enhanced by 205.85, 71 W·h and 50.2 W·h, respectively. Increasing water flow velocity from 0.02 m/s to 1 m/s led to a maximum increase of 1.91 % in the average photovoltaic conversion efficiency, 9.14 % in the average photothermal conversion efficiency and 2.12 % in the all-day output electric energy. The PV/T-PCM system owning 35 mm thick PCMs reached the highest average photovoltaic conversion efficiency of 11.26 %. The highest photothermal conversion efficiency of 70.7 % was reached in system with 45 mm thick PCMs. The average photovoltaic and photothermal conversion efficiencies for PV/T-PCM system respectively enhanced by 3.91 % and 11.08 % by optimizing the distance between heat exchange pipes and PV back plate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":419,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 122113"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143143328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2024.122129
Hairong Zheng , Sikai Wang , Tingting Zhang
The continuous rise in global economic policy uncertainty (EPU) and geopolitical risk (GPR) has intensified market volatility, altered investor preferences, impacted capital flows, and complicating the risk spillover between green bonds and energy markets. Existing research has not adequately addressed the impact of different uncertainties on risk contagion or analyzed the risk contagion characteristics between sub-markets. Therefore, this study first establishes a GARCH-MIDAS model that simultaneously considers EPU and GPR. Secondly, it breaks through the traditional binary risk research framework by employing a D-Copula model to characterize the nonlinear dependence between green bonds and various sub-markets. To achieve this, a new GARCH-MIDAS-D-Copula- CoVaR model was developed to dynamically describe the characteristics of risk spillover.The results show that the impact of different energy sub-markets on green bonds varies significantly, with the overall energy market exhibiting weaker risk spillover effects compared to individual sub-markets. Focusing on the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, this study reveals the risk spillover characteristics between green bonds and energy markets during different periods, providing a new perspective for studying the risk spillover relationship between the two markets.
{"title":"Dynamic risk spillovers between green bonds and energy markets: New evidence from the GARCH-MIDAS-D-Copula-CoVaR approach considering uncertainties","authors":"Hairong Zheng , Sikai Wang , Tingting Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2024.122129","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.renene.2024.122129","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The continuous rise in global economic policy uncertainty (EPU) and geopolitical risk (GPR) has intensified market volatility, altered investor preferences, impacted capital flows, and complicating the risk spillover between green bonds and energy markets. Existing research has not adequately addressed the impact of different uncertainties on risk contagion or analyzed the risk contagion characteristics between sub-markets. Therefore, this study first establishes a GARCH-MIDAS model that simultaneously considers EPU and GPR. Secondly, it breaks through the traditional binary risk research framework by employing a D-Copula model to characterize the nonlinear dependence between green bonds and various sub-markets. To achieve this, a new GARCH-MIDAS-D-Copula- CoVaR model was developed to dynamically describe the characteristics of risk spillover.The results show that the impact of different energy sub-markets on green bonds varies significantly, with the overall energy market exhibiting weaker risk spillover effects compared to individual sub-markets. Focusing on the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, this study reveals the risk spillover characteristics between green bonds and energy markets during different periods, providing a new perspective for studying the risk spillover relationship between the two markets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":419,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 122129"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143143342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2024.121994
William Chung, Chenyu Li
APEC has collectively agreed to two energy-related goals. One aims to double the proportion of modern renewable energy (RE) in the energy mix by 2030 compared to 2010. This study intends to assess the performance of individual APEC members in five objectives. They are (1) the current renewables share of APEC, (2) the individual member's performance in the development of renewables, (3) the individual member's contribution to the APEC renewable goal, (4) the drivers of the growth of the renewable shares of APEC, and (5) if the goal would be achieved. For objective (2), we use the simple differencing method. For objectives (3)–(5), we employ the Log Mean Divisia Index method. Results show that Chile emerged as the top performer in increasing RE share in Solar and Wind, while Australia led in the total volume of modern renewables. The top two contributors are China and the USA, in that order. In terms of different renewables, Wind was the most significant contributor. Hydro was the second-largest contributor to APEC's renewable share increase until 2017. After 2017, Solar overtook Hydro to become the second-largest contributor. The result of a simple regression analysis suggests that the goal can be achieved by 2028.
{"title":"Performance evaluations of the goal of APEC's doubling the modern renewables proportion in 2021","authors":"William Chung, Chenyu Li","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2024.121994","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.renene.2024.121994","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>APEC has collectively agreed to two energy-related goals. One aims to double the proportion of modern renewable energy (RE) in the energy mix by 2030 compared to 2010. This study intends to assess the performance of individual APEC members in five objectives. They are (1) the current renewables share of APEC, (2) the individual member's performance in the development of renewables, (3) the individual member's contribution to the APEC renewable goal, (4) the drivers of the growth of the renewable shares of APEC, and (5) if the goal would be achieved. For objective (2), we use the simple differencing method. For objectives (3)–(5), we employ the Log Mean Divisia Index method. Results show that Chile emerged as the top performer in increasing RE share in Solar and Wind, while Australia led in the total volume of modern renewables. The top two contributors are China and the USA, in that order. In terms of different renewables, Wind was the most significant contributor. Hydro was the second-largest contributor to APEC's renewable share increase until 2017. After 2017, Solar overtook Hydro to become the second-largest contributor. The result of a simple regression analysis suggests that the goal can be achieved by 2028.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":419,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 121994"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143144139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2024.122164
Biao Li , Heping Xie , Licheng Sun , Tianyi Gao , Entong Xia , Bowen Liu , Jun Wang , Xiting Long
Cascading utilization is an effective strategy for enhancing the efficiency of geothermal power generation. This study proposes a novel dual-loop ORC-LNG system integrated with geothermal power generation and LNG cold energy recovery to efficiently exploit both geothermal and LNG cold energy. Energy, exergy, and thermo-economic models, along with an optimization framework combining NSGA-II and entropy-weighted TOPSIS, were developed. Advanced exergy analysis was employed to elucidate the interaction mechanisms between components and assess the optimization potential. The results indicate that the maximum net output power and thermal efficiency of the proposed system were 294.1 kW and 34.2 %, respectively, representing increases of 43.3 % and 63.7 % in thermal efficiency and net output power compared to the dual-loop ORC system. The thermodynamic performance was found to improve when working fluids with lower specific heat capacities and latent heats of vaporization were selected, as net output power was more sensitive to the working fluid flow rate. Additionally, the study revealed that the avoidable endogenous exergy destruction in the dual-loop ORC and dual-loop ORC-LNG systems was 38.2 % and 23.4 %, respectively, while unavoidable exogenous exergy destruction was primarily attributed to the irreversibility of heat transfer.
{"title":"Advanced exergy analysis and multi-objective optimization of dual-loop ORC utilizing LNG cold energy and geothermal energy","authors":"Biao Li , Heping Xie , Licheng Sun , Tianyi Gao , Entong Xia , Bowen Liu , Jun Wang , Xiting Long","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2024.122164","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.renene.2024.122164","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cascading utilization is an effective strategy for enhancing the efficiency of geothermal power generation. This study proposes a novel dual-loop ORC-LNG system integrated with geothermal power generation and LNG cold energy recovery to efficiently exploit both geothermal and LNG cold energy. Energy, exergy, and thermo-economic models, along with an optimization framework combining NSGA-II and entropy-weighted TOPSIS, were developed. Advanced exergy analysis was employed to elucidate the interaction mechanisms between components and assess the optimization potential. The results indicate that the maximum net output power and thermal efficiency of the proposed system were 294.1 kW and 34.2 %, respectively, representing increases of 43.3 % and 63.7 % in thermal efficiency and net output power compared to the dual-loop ORC system. The thermodynamic performance was found to improve when working fluids with lower specific heat capacities and latent heats of vaporization were selected, as net output power was more sensitive to the working fluid flow rate. Additionally, the study revealed that the avoidable endogenous exergy destruction in the dual-loop ORC and dual-loop ORC-LNG systems was 38.2 % and 23.4 %, respectively, while unavoidable exogenous exergy destruction was primarily attributed to the irreversibility of heat transfer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":419,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 122164"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143144315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2024.122098
Jangwon Suh
The solar roofs of electric vehicles (EVs) can generate electricity and provide various socioenvironmental benefits. However, the adoption of solar roofs is hampered by low practicality and utility to consumers. Therefore, this study explored the economic feasibility of EV solar roofs in Korea. Assuming a 20-year usage period for a solar roof with 204 Wp capacity, the current conditions of charging unit price (CUP) of 0.252 USD/kWh, and discount rate (DR) of 3.5 % in Korea were applied. The analysis showed an economic benefit in the present value of USD 687.87 and net present value of −312 USD, indicating it was not economically viable. However, sensitivity analysis revealed that a solar roof option will be feasible if both CUP increased and DR decreased satisfying conditions (e.g., 120 %&1.0 % or 140 %&2.5 %), respectively. A 10 % increase in CUP and a 1 % decrease in DR reduces the payback period (PBP) of the solar roof by approximately two years. Additionally, differences in the PBP were observed when using monthly capacity factor data instead of annual data. The underlying causes and potential solutions of the extended PBP were discussed. This study can provide primary information on the practical worth of solar roof options for rational consumer decision-making.
{"title":"Economic analysis of a solar roof as an optional extra to electric vehicles in Korea: A case study","authors":"Jangwon Suh","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2024.122098","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.renene.2024.122098","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The solar roofs of electric vehicles (EVs) can generate electricity and provide various socioenvironmental benefits. However, the adoption of solar roofs is hampered by low practicality and utility to consumers. Therefore, this study explored the economic feasibility of EV solar roofs in Korea. Assuming a 20-year usage period for a solar roof with 204 W<sub>p</sub> capacity, the current conditions of charging unit price (CUP) of 0.252 USD/kWh, and discount rate (DR) of 3.5 % in Korea were applied. The analysis showed an economic benefit in the present value of USD 687.87 and net present value of −312 USD, indicating it was not economically viable. However, sensitivity analysis revealed that a solar roof option will be feasible if both CUP increased and DR decreased satisfying conditions (e.g., 120 %&1.0 % or 140 %&2.5 %), respectively. A 10 % increase in CUP and a 1 % decrease in DR reduces the payback period (PBP) of the solar roof by approximately two years. Additionally, differences in the PBP were observed when using monthly capacity factor data instead of annual data. The underlying causes and potential solutions of the extended PBP were discussed. This study can provide primary information on the practical worth of solar roof options for rational consumer decision-making.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":419,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 122098"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143144296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2024.122071
Junwei Yang , Lingting Meng , Xiangjun Wang , Hua Yang
This study aims to analyze the applicability of the turbulence model constants obtained through data assimilation on various airfoils in stall conditions, thereby offering the potential for computational resource savings. Through the wind tunnel experiments and published test data at Reynolds numbers ranging from the order of 105 to 106, the ensemble Kalman filter method was proposed to optimize the constants of the SA (Spalart-Allmaras) model, and its efficacy was validated. The assimilated constants obtained from YA-21 and S809 airfoils were applied separately to other airfoils with similar separation degrees for comparative analysis of their assimilation effects. Based on this, the influence of each model constant on numerical simulation was explored, and the pressure distributions were compared before and after assimilation as well as on other airfoils. Additionally, the impact of variations in airfoil thickness and Reynolds number on assimilated results was investigated. The results suggest that the constants that impact assimilation outcomes appreciably under stall conditions pertain to production and diffusion terms. When the Reynolds numbers are on the order of 105, assimilated constants derived from the 21 % thickness airfoil exhibited optimization effects on the NACA4415 and S809 airfoil, providing a more accurate depiction of separated flow over an airfoil than the original constants conditions. The optimization effect persisted when the Reynolds number reached the order of 106. As the primary factor in the production term, Cb1 became sensitive to changes in Reynolds number exceeding other constants. However, the applicability of thick airfoils is slightly degenerated. Thicker airfoils are more susceptible to changes in the constants of the production and diffusion terms, which makes the assimilated constants need to be applied with caution. These findings demonstrate the feasibility of the mentioned approach, suggesting that assimilated constants from a medium-thickness airfoil can be partially used to replace the self-assimilated constants of other airfoils.
{"title":"Research on data assimilation approach of wind turbine airfoils in stall conditions","authors":"Junwei Yang , Lingting Meng , Xiangjun Wang , Hua Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2024.122071","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.renene.2024.122071","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to analyze the applicability of the turbulence model constants obtained through data assimilation on various airfoils in stall conditions, thereby offering the potential for computational resource savings. Through the wind tunnel experiments and published test data at Reynolds numbers ranging from the order of 10<sup>5</sup> to 10<sup>6</sup>, the ensemble Kalman filter method was proposed to optimize the constants of the SA (Spalart-Allmaras) model, and its efficacy was validated. The assimilated constants obtained from YA-21 and S809 airfoils were applied separately to other airfoils with similar separation degrees for comparative analysis of their assimilation effects. Based on this, the influence of each model constant on numerical simulation was explored, and the pressure distributions were compared before and after assimilation as well as on other airfoils. Additionally, the impact of variations in airfoil thickness and Reynolds number on assimilated results was investigated. The results suggest that the constants that impact assimilation outcomes appreciably under stall conditions pertain to production and diffusion terms. When the Reynolds numbers are on the order of 10<sup>5</sup>, assimilated constants derived from the 21 % thickness airfoil exhibited optimization effects on the NACA4415 and S809 airfoil, providing a more accurate depiction of separated flow over an airfoil than the original constants conditions. The optimization effect persisted when the Reynolds number reached the order of 10<sup>6</sup>. As the primary factor in the production term, <em>C</em><sub>b1</sub> became sensitive to changes in Reynolds number exceeding other constants. However, the applicability of thick airfoils is slightly degenerated. Thicker airfoils are more susceptible to changes in the constants of the production and diffusion terms, which makes the assimilated constants need to be applied with caution. These findings demonstrate the feasibility of the mentioned approach, suggesting that assimilated constants from a medium-thickness airfoil can be partially used to replace the self-assimilated constants of other airfoils.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":419,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 122071"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143143403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2024.122122
Shuaibo Xia , Cai Shen , Jiale Lin , Maolin Tu , Chin-Ping Tan , Ling-Zhi Cheong
The absorption process of Aspergillus oryzae lipase (AOL) onto the surface of ZIF-8 was elucidated using molecular dynamic (MD) simulation. AOL are absorbed onto the surface of ZIF-8 via hydrogen bonding, electrostatic and van der Waals interaction with minimal changes to its native configurations. Unlike free AOL, AOL@ZIF-8 can maintain its structure in simulated methanol solutions. To verify the results from MD simulation, AOL was immobilized onto ZIF-8 (AOL@ZIF-8: immobilization efficiency of 64.71 % and a protein loading of 57.36 mg/g) and characterized using SEM, FTIR, and XRD. As compared to free AOL, AOL@ZIF-8 demonstrated higher transesterification activity with an activity recovery of 106.18 %. In agreement with MD simulations, AOL@ZIF-8 exhibited enhanced stability in wide range of pH and under presence of alcohol solution. AOL@ZIF-8 can be used to catalyze transesterification of used cooking oil for production of biodiesel (FAME content of 81.19 %).
{"title":"Enhanced methanol tolerance of ZIF-8-immobilized Aspergillus oryzae lipase for biodiesel production from used cooking oil","authors":"Shuaibo Xia , Cai Shen , Jiale Lin , Maolin Tu , Chin-Ping Tan , Ling-Zhi Cheong","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2024.122122","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.renene.2024.122122","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The absorption process of <em>Aspergillus oryzae</em> lipase (AOL) onto the surface of ZIF-8 was elucidated using molecular dynamic (MD) simulation. AOL are absorbed onto the surface of ZIF-8 via hydrogen bonding, electrostatic and van der Waals interaction with minimal changes to its native configurations. Unlike free AOL, AOL@ZIF-8 can maintain its structure in simulated methanol solutions. To verify the results from MD simulation, AOL was immobilized onto ZIF-8 (AOL@ZIF-8: immobilization efficiency of 64.71 % and a protein loading of 57.36 mg/g) and characterized using SEM, FTIR, and XRD. As compared to free AOL, AOL@ZIF-8 demonstrated higher transesterification activity with an activity recovery of 106.18 %. In agreement with MD simulations, AOL@ZIF-8 exhibited enhanced stability in wide range of pH and under presence of alcohol solution. AOL@ZIF-8 can be used to catalyze transesterification of used cooking oil for production of biodiesel (FAME content of 81.19 %).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":419,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 122122"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143144300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2024.122110
Mustafa Meriç Aksen , Hossein Seyedzadeh , Mehrshad Gholami Anjiraki , Jonathan Craig , Kevin Flora , Christian Santoni , Fotis Sotiropoulos , Ali Khosronejad
Tidal and riverine flows are viable energy sources for consistent energy production. Installing and operating marine hydrokinetic (MHK) turbines requires assessing any potential impact of debris accumulation on turbine performance and sediment transport. More specifically, MHK devices may alter the natural sediment transport processes and cause debris accumulation, disrupting the natural sediment dynamic. In turn, these processes could affect the turbine’s performance. We carried out a series of large-eddy simulations coupled with bed morphodynamics, introducing various debris loads lodged on the upstream face of a utility-scale turbine tower. The objective is to systematically investigate the impact of debris accumulation on the performance and hydro- and morpho-dynamics interactions of the horizontal-axis MHK turbine under rigid and live bed conditions. To that end, we (1) employed the actuator line and surface methods for modeling turbine blades and the nacelle, respectively, (2) directly resolved individual logs, and (3) solved the Exner equation to obtain the instantaneous bed deformation of the live bed. Our analysis revealed that while the spinning rotor amplifies scour around the pile, debris accumulation modifies the sediment dynamics of the system. Also, it found that morphodynamic processes accelerate the wake recovery, slightly enhancing the turbine’s performance.
{"title":"Large eddy simulation of a utility-scale horizontal axis turbine with woody debris accumulation under live bed conditions","authors":"Mustafa Meriç Aksen , Hossein Seyedzadeh , Mehrshad Gholami Anjiraki , Jonathan Craig , Kevin Flora , Christian Santoni , Fotis Sotiropoulos , Ali Khosronejad","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2024.122110","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.renene.2024.122110","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tidal and riverine flows are viable energy sources for consistent energy production. Installing and operating marine hydrokinetic (MHK) turbines requires assessing any potential impact of debris accumulation on turbine performance and sediment transport. More specifically, MHK devices may alter the natural sediment transport processes and cause debris accumulation, disrupting the natural sediment dynamic. In turn, these processes could affect the turbine’s performance. We carried out a series of large-eddy simulations coupled with bed morphodynamics, introducing various debris loads lodged on the upstream face of a utility-scale turbine tower. The objective is to systematically investigate the impact of debris accumulation on the performance and hydro- and morpho-dynamics interactions of the horizontal-axis MHK turbine under rigid and live bed conditions. To that end, we (1) employed the actuator line and surface methods for modeling turbine blades and the nacelle, respectively, (2) directly resolved individual logs, and (3) solved the Exner equation to obtain the instantaneous bed deformation of the live bed. Our analysis revealed that while the spinning rotor amplifies scour around the pile, debris accumulation modifies the sediment dynamics of the system. Also, it found that morphodynamic processes accelerate the wake recovery, slightly enhancing the turbine’s performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":419,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 122110"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143143335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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