Pub Date : 2026-03-24DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5c15458
Guoxian Wang,Mei Xue,Jinyu Wang,Zishu Wang,Beixing Li,Li Zhang,Wei Mu,Feng Liu
Genetic differentiation of the succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) subunit C in Fusarium spp. contributes to significant variations in the efficacy of succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI) fungicides against these pathogens. However, the structural states of the two SDH conformations in mitochondria and their binding modes with SDHI fungicides are still unknown. Based on SDH activity and qRT-PCR assay, we confirmed that the SDH of "C2" conformation in Fusarium pseudograminearum is a constitutively expressed type, while that of "C1" conformation is an inducibly expressed type.Through molecular docking, the difference in binding affinity between SDHI fungicides and the two conformations also proves to be a key factor contributing to the variations in toxicity of SDHI fungicides against F. pseudograminearum. These results established that SDHI fungicides induce the expression of SDH of "C1" conformation, which leads to weak binding between SDHI fungicides and the target, thereby resulting in variations in the toxicity of SDHI fungicides.
{"title":"The Induction of Succinate Dehydrogenase of \"C1\" Conformation and the Difference in Its Binding to Fungicides Lead to the Variation in Toxicity of SDHI Fungicides Against Fusarium pseudograminearum.","authors":"Guoxian Wang,Mei Xue,Jinyu Wang,Zishu Wang,Beixing Li,Li Zhang,Wei Mu,Feng Liu","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.5c15458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5c15458","url":null,"abstract":"Genetic differentiation of the succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) subunit C in Fusarium spp. contributes to significant variations in the efficacy of succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI) fungicides against these pathogens. However, the structural states of the two SDH conformations in mitochondria and their binding modes with SDHI fungicides are still unknown. Based on SDH activity and qRT-PCR assay, we confirmed that the SDH of \"C2\" conformation in Fusarium pseudograminearum is a constitutively expressed type, while that of \"C1\" conformation is an inducibly expressed type.Through molecular docking, the difference in binding affinity between SDHI fungicides and the two conformations also proves to be a key factor contributing to the variations in toxicity of SDHI fungicides against F. pseudograminearum. These results established that SDHI fungicides induce the expression of SDH of \"C1\" conformation, which leads to weak binding between SDHI fungicides and the target, thereby resulting in variations in the toxicity of SDHI fungicides.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147502416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Microbial lignin valorization is promising, yet the heterogeneity of aromatic compounds generated from lignin depolymerization remains a significant challenge. Here, we engineered Sphingobium lignivorans SYK-6 to funnel aromatic mixtures in black liquor from oxygen-soda-anthraquinone pulping into the polymer building block 2-pyrone-4,6-dicarboxylic acid (PDC). In softwood (Japanese cedar) black liquor, rich in guaiacyl-type aromatics, a PDC hydrolase gene-deficient strain (ΔligI) achieved a 135% (mol/mol) PDC yield based on identified compounds, suggesting conversion of unidentified aromatics, potentially including oligomers. Hardwood (birch) black liquor contains abundant syringyl-type aromatics metabolized via branched pathways in SYK-6. By identifying a previously unidentified catabolism gene (desY) and disrupting ligI, ligM, and desY, we redirected metabolic flux toward PDC, obtaining a 91% (mol/mol) PDC yield from syringic acid and 62% from birch black liquor. These results demonstrate the strong potential of engineered SYK-6 for efficient PDC production from diverse lignin streams through biological funneling.
{"title":"Platform Potential of Sphingobium lignivorans SYK-6 for Lignin Valorization via Biological Funneling.","authors":"Naofumi Kamimura,Mina Endo,Banri Nakamura,Takuya Akiyama,Ryo Kato,Mitsuru Kawazoe,Masaya Fujita,Takuma Araki,Yuzo Suzuki,Tsuyoshi Michinobu,Yuichiro Otsuka,Masaya Nakamura,Eiji Masai","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.5c16625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5c16625","url":null,"abstract":"Microbial lignin valorization is promising, yet the heterogeneity of aromatic compounds generated from lignin depolymerization remains a significant challenge. Here, we engineered Sphingobium lignivorans SYK-6 to funnel aromatic mixtures in black liquor from oxygen-soda-anthraquinone pulping into the polymer building block 2-pyrone-4,6-dicarboxylic acid (PDC). In softwood (Japanese cedar) black liquor, rich in guaiacyl-type aromatics, a PDC hydrolase gene-deficient strain (ΔligI) achieved a 135% (mol/mol) PDC yield based on identified compounds, suggesting conversion of unidentified aromatics, potentially including oligomers. Hardwood (birch) black liquor contains abundant syringyl-type aromatics metabolized via branched pathways in SYK-6. By identifying a previously unidentified catabolism gene (desY) and disrupting ligI, ligM, and desY, we redirected metabolic flux toward PDC, obtaining a 91% (mol/mol) PDC yield from syringic acid and 62% from birch black liquor. These results demonstrate the strong potential of engineered SYK-6 for efficient PDC production from diverse lignin streams through biological funneling.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147502419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pseudomonas aeruginosa poses a significant threat to food safety. The P. aeruginosa pqs quorum sensing system regulates spoilage potential. Using natural QS-targeting compounds to attenuate virulence represents a promising approach to mitigating bacterial contamination and spoilage. This study screened traditional Chinese medicine monomers and identified berberine as a pqs system inhibitor. Berberine reduced P. aeruginosa 2-heptyl-3-hydroxy-4(1H)-quinolone (PQS) production, pyocyanin biosynthesis, biofilm formation, and motility without affecting bacterial growth. Genetic analysis revealed that berberine targets transcriptional regulator PqsR to suppress the pqs system in a dose-dependent manner. Structural modeling predicted a direct interaction between berberine and PqsR, as confirmed by microscale thermophoresis. Site-directed mutagenesis identified Ile236 as the key residue mediating this interaction. In infection models, berberine treatment mitigated P. aeruginosa-induced plant tissue decay and bacterial damage in human cells. These findings establish berberine as a potent pqs inhibitor that targets PqsR, underscoring its potential for controlling food spoilage and contamination risk.
{"title":"Berberine: A Natural pqs System Inhibitor in Pseudomonas aeruginosa for Foodborne Infection Control","authors":"Wanqing Ning,Zhaoren Wang,Yicheng Wang,Guangping Liu,Jing Zeng,Yanfeng Wang,Renjun Mao,Duo Cao,Juanli Cheng,Jinshui Lin","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.5c13958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5c13958","url":null,"abstract":"Pseudomonas aeruginosa poses a significant threat to food safety. The P. aeruginosa pqs quorum sensing system regulates spoilage potential. Using natural QS-targeting compounds to attenuate virulence represents a promising approach to mitigating bacterial contamination and spoilage. This study screened traditional Chinese medicine monomers and identified berberine as a pqs system inhibitor. Berberine reduced P. aeruginosa 2-heptyl-3-hydroxy-4(1H)-quinolone (PQS) production, pyocyanin biosynthesis, biofilm formation, and motility without affecting bacterial growth. Genetic analysis revealed that berberine targets transcriptional regulator PqsR to suppress the pqs system in a dose-dependent manner. Structural modeling predicted a direct interaction between berberine and PqsR, as confirmed by microscale thermophoresis. Site-directed mutagenesis identified Ile236 as the key residue mediating this interaction. In infection models, berberine treatment mitigated P. aeruginosa-induced plant tissue decay and bacterial damage in human cells. These findings establish berberine as a potent pqs inhibitor that targets PqsR, underscoring its potential for controlling food spoilage and contamination risk.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":"90 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147506317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-24DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5c13492
Jie Gao,Wenkang Li,Wanze Zhang,Xin Zhang,Dongjie Bao,Hua Jin,Jing Xu
In this study, rutin-loaded hollow nanoparticles were fabricated via the antisolvent method using wheat alcohol-soluble proteins (WASPs) as the encapsulating material and were further modified by rhamnolipids (Rha), propylene glycol alginate (PGA), and tannic acid (TA) to enhance their drug-carrying properties and stability. Optimal encapsulation efficiency was achieved at a protein–rutin mass ratio of 20:1, based on particle size and encapsulation analysis. The stability of the nanoparticles under various environmental conditions (pH, temperature, ionic strength, and redispersion) was systematically evaluated, and bioactive release was investigated by using an in vitro digestion model. Results showed that Ru-HGNPs, Ru-Rha-HGNPs, Ru-PGA-HGNPs, and Ru-TA-HGNPs effectively improved the stability of rutin in different environments, protected it from gastric acid degradation, and enhanced its slow release and absorption in the intestine, significantly increasing bioaccessibility. This study provides a novel, safe, stable, and high-encapsulation nanodelivery system for hydrophobic active ingredients.
{"title":"Modification of Gliadin with Rha/PGA/Ta for Rutin-Loaded Hollow Nanoparticles: Preparation, Properties, and In Vitro Digestion","authors":"Jie Gao,Wenkang Li,Wanze Zhang,Xin Zhang,Dongjie Bao,Hua Jin,Jing Xu","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.5c13492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5c13492","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, rutin-loaded hollow nanoparticles were fabricated via the antisolvent method using wheat alcohol-soluble proteins (WASPs) as the encapsulating material and were further modified by rhamnolipids (Rha), propylene glycol alginate (PGA), and tannic acid (TA) to enhance their drug-carrying properties and stability. Optimal encapsulation efficiency was achieved at a protein–rutin mass ratio of 20:1, based on particle size and encapsulation analysis. The stability of the nanoparticles under various environmental conditions (pH, temperature, ionic strength, and redispersion) was systematically evaluated, and bioactive release was investigated by using an in vitro digestion model. Results showed that Ru-HGNPs, Ru-Rha-HGNPs, Ru-PGA-HGNPs, and Ru-TA-HGNPs effectively improved the stability of rutin in different environments, protected it from gastric acid degradation, and enhanced its slow release and absorption in the intestine, significantly increasing bioaccessibility. This study provides a novel, safe, stable, and high-encapsulation nanodelivery system for hydrophobic active ingredients.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147506325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-24DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5c17203
Xiaohui Wu,Mengru Wang,Xinwen Zhang,Zhitong Zhou,Yanan Wang,Jianghua Li,Guocheng Du,Jian Chen,Xiao Liu
Throughout their life cycle, animal protein production processes generate 15-24% of global greenhouse gas emissions and consume 29% of the total water footprint of the agricultural sector worldwide. While it has been acknowledged that alternative proteins (plant, microbial, and insect proteins) can lessen the damage that animal proteins cause to the environment, the possible sustainability-related risks associated with the alternative protein processing technologies currently are still obvious, which could be eliminated through low-carbon technological innovations. Here, we examine the recent technological developments and future directions for accelerating the green transition that aim to address these issues in a cradle-to-grave fashion, with particular attention on whole-component utilization and waste-to-protein conversion pathways, while focusing on sustainability challenges and solutions within a circular bioeconomy framework. Their impacts on the Sustainable Development Goals in the United Nations Agenda 2030 were further discussed, particularly with regard to natural resources, energy, and environmental impacts.
{"title":"Toward the Next-Generation of Alternative Protein Production from Sustainability-Oriented Technological Revolution.","authors":"Xiaohui Wu,Mengru Wang,Xinwen Zhang,Zhitong Zhou,Yanan Wang,Jianghua Li,Guocheng Du,Jian Chen,Xiao Liu","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.5c17203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5c17203","url":null,"abstract":"Throughout their life cycle, animal protein production processes generate 15-24% of global greenhouse gas emissions and consume 29% of the total water footprint of the agricultural sector worldwide. While it has been acknowledged that alternative proteins (plant, microbial, and insect proteins) can lessen the damage that animal proteins cause to the environment, the possible sustainability-related risks associated with the alternative protein processing technologies currently are still obvious, which could be eliminated through low-carbon technological innovations. Here, we examine the recent technological developments and future directions for accelerating the green transition that aim to address these issues in a cradle-to-grave fashion, with particular attention on whole-component utilization and waste-to-protein conversion pathways, while focusing on sustainability challenges and solutions within a circular bioeconomy framework. Their impacts on the Sustainable Development Goals in the United Nations Agenda 2030 were further discussed, particularly with regard to natural resources, energy, and environmental impacts.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":"10 34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147502421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The extensive use of broad-spectrum conventional pesticides has led to ecological damage and raised food safety concerns, necessitating sustainable agricultural alternatives. Biobased nanoemulsions (BBNEs) are nanoemulsions (NEs) that incorporate biobased active compounds and oils, combined with natural or biodegradable conventional surfactants, offering a promising solution. Recent studies have demonstrated the efficacy of BBNEs in effective pest management while protecting ecosystems. Despite the successful laboratory-scale validation of BBNEs, their field potential remains untapped. This review aims to provide a detailed overview of the performance, environmental impact, and regulatory aspects of BBNEs, while offering a roadmap to the effective implementation in sustainable agriculture. This work bridges the gap between theory and practice, which highlights the potential of BBNEs to revolutionize pest management while preserving ecological health.
{"title":"Bionanoemulsions for Precision Pest Control: A Smart Delivery System.","authors":"Thilina-Nilupul Kalubowilage,Shengxin Guo,Wishwajith Kandegama,Jian Wu","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.5c11756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5c11756","url":null,"abstract":"The extensive use of broad-spectrum conventional pesticides has led to ecological damage and raised food safety concerns, necessitating sustainable agricultural alternatives. Biobased nanoemulsions (BBNEs) are nanoemulsions (NEs) that incorporate biobased active compounds and oils, combined with natural or biodegradable conventional surfactants, offering a promising solution. Recent studies have demonstrated the efficacy of BBNEs in effective pest management while protecting ecosystems. Despite the successful laboratory-scale validation of BBNEs, their field potential remains untapped. This review aims to provide a detailed overview of the performance, environmental impact, and regulatory aspects of BBNEs, while offering a roadmap to the effective implementation in sustainable agriculture. This work bridges the gap between theory and practice, which highlights the potential of BBNEs to revolutionize pest management while preserving ecological health.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147495206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-23DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5c14199
Junjie Wei,Jiahao Hong,Wanjun Li,Di Zhu,Lan-Tu Xiong,Zi-Ning Cui
This study designed and synthesized 33 novel imidazole ethanol derivatives and evaluated their efficacy against plant bacterial diseases. Most compounds exhibited excellent antibacterial activity. Particularly, compound D11 showed potent in vitro activity against Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae (EC50 = 0.51 μg/mL), surpassing bismerthiazol (EC50 = 3.84 μg/mL). In vivo, D11 effectively controlled rice bacterial leaf blight, with protective and curative effects of 82.8% and 73.1% at 200 μg/mL, both exceeding those of bismerthiazol (56.1% and 52.2%). Mechanistic investigations demonstrated that D11 induces elevated levels of reactive oxygen species, suppresses and compromises the cellular integrity of Xoo, and concurrently downregulates the expression of associated virulence factors, thereby implying a potential multitarget mechanism of action. Notably, D11 exhibits favorable selectivity toward nontarget organisms (earthworms and silkworms). These findings highlight D11 as a promising, environmentally friendly, and highly effective candidate for managing rice bacterial leaf blight.
{"title":"Study on the Inhibitory Activity and Mechanism of Imidazole Ethanol Derivatives against Rice Bacterial Leaf Blight.","authors":"Junjie Wei,Jiahao Hong,Wanjun Li,Di Zhu,Lan-Tu Xiong,Zi-Ning Cui","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.5c14199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5c14199","url":null,"abstract":"This study designed and synthesized 33 novel imidazole ethanol derivatives and evaluated their efficacy against plant bacterial diseases. Most compounds exhibited excellent antibacterial activity. Particularly, compound D11 showed potent in vitro activity against Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae (EC50 = 0.51 μg/mL), surpassing bismerthiazol (EC50 = 3.84 μg/mL). In vivo, D11 effectively controlled rice bacterial leaf blight, with protective and curative effects of 82.8% and 73.1% at 200 μg/mL, both exceeding those of bismerthiazol (56.1% and 52.2%). Mechanistic investigations demonstrated that D11 induces elevated levels of reactive oxygen species, suppresses and compromises the cellular integrity of Xoo, and concurrently downregulates the expression of associated virulence factors, thereby implying a potential multitarget mechanism of action. Notably, D11 exhibits favorable selectivity toward nontarget organisms (earthworms and silkworms). These findings highlight D11 as a promising, environmentally friendly, and highly effective candidate for managing rice bacterial leaf blight.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147495059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ene-reductases (ERs) are FMN- and NAD(P)H-dependent oxidoreductases that catalyze the stereoselective alkene double bond reduction. Recent advances in structural and synthetic biology have deepened our insights into their catalytic mechanisms and promoted molecular modification strategies. This review summarizes ERs' dynamic structural regulation, directed evolution, immobilization techniques, and applications in drug synthesis and environmental remediation. It highlights the impacts of conformational changes on catalytic selectivity, photoenzyme cooperative systems, and AI-assisted design, providing theoretical references for further research. Emerging promising approaches include low-cost immobilization, continuous-flow processes, and multifield coupling catalytic systems, while future research will focus on light-driven systems, coenzyme regeneration, non-natural radical reactions, and microbial cell factories.
{"title":"Advances in Ene-Reductase Engineering: Dynamic Structure, Catalytic System Innovation, and Green Application Prospects.","authors":"Mengya Qin,Danni Yuan,Qinglan Yao,Xinwen Hu,Jie Cheng,Xuefei Zhu,Qiang Yong,Chenhuan Lai,Caoxing Huang,Yingjie Du","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.5c14585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5c14585","url":null,"abstract":"Ene-reductases (ERs) are FMN- and NAD(P)H-dependent oxidoreductases that catalyze the stereoselective alkene double bond reduction. Recent advances in structural and synthetic biology have deepened our insights into their catalytic mechanisms and promoted molecular modification strategies. This review summarizes ERs' dynamic structural regulation, directed evolution, immobilization techniques, and applications in drug synthesis and environmental remediation. It highlights the impacts of conformational changes on catalytic selectivity, photoenzyme cooperative systems, and AI-assisted design, providing theoretical references for further research. Emerging promising approaches include low-cost immobilization, continuous-flow processes, and multifield coupling catalytic systems, while future research will focus on light-driven systems, coenzyme regeneration, non-natural radical reactions, and microbial cell factories.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147502423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pectin is a biologically and commercially important polysaccharide with a variety of applications. Carbohydrate-binding modules (CBMs) are commonly used polysaccharide-binding proteins that facilitate research on both polysaccharides and carbohydrate-active enzymes. In this study, we conducted a structure-based approach to CBM gene mining and applied it to identify previously undiscovered CBMs in more than 10000 pectin lyase sequences. Six new CBMs targeting pectic polysaccharides were identified, with the Ka values ranging from ∼105 M-1 to ∼106 M-1. These six proteins demonstrate diverse binding capabilities toward diverse pectic polysaccharides. The sequence novelty and defined function of the six proteins reveal new CBM families. This represents the largest number of novel CBM families identified to date for a single type of polysaccharide. The novel CBMs enrich the toolbox of pectin-binding proteins, and this approach is a promising route for the future discovery of new CBM families.
{"title":"Structure-Based Gene Mining and Characterization of Pectin-Specific Carbohydrate-Binding Modules: Discovery of Novel CBM Families.","authors":"Guanchen Liu,Menghui Sun,Hao Wang,Xuanwei Mei,Guangning Chen,Yuying Zhang,Jiajing Li,Yaoguang Chang,Changhu Xue","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.5c13335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5c13335","url":null,"abstract":"Pectin is a biologically and commercially important polysaccharide with a variety of applications. Carbohydrate-binding modules (CBMs) are commonly used polysaccharide-binding proteins that facilitate research on both polysaccharides and carbohydrate-active enzymes. In this study, we conducted a structure-based approach to CBM gene mining and applied it to identify previously undiscovered CBMs in more than 10000 pectin lyase sequences. Six new CBMs targeting pectic polysaccharides were identified, with the Ka values ranging from ∼105 M-1 to ∼106 M-1. These six proteins demonstrate diverse binding capabilities toward diverse pectic polysaccharides. The sequence novelty and defined function of the six proteins reveal new CBM families. This represents the largest number of novel CBM families identified to date for a single type of polysaccharide. The novel CBMs enrich the toolbox of pectin-binding proteins, and this approach is a promising route for the future discovery of new CBM families.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147495057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ZmbHLH164, a drought-induced nuclear bHLH transcription factor identified via transcriptomic screening in a drought-tolerant maize line, functions as a positive regulator of drought tolerance. Heterologous overexpression in tobacco elevated abscisic acid (ABA) levels, accelerated stomatal closure, reduced water loss, enhanced osmolyte accumulation, and suppressed reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation under drought. RNA-seq and qRT-PCR confirmed upregulation of ABA biosynthesis and signaling genes. Conversely, the zmbhlh164 maize loss-of-function mutant displayed severe wilting, chlorosis, and physiological deterioration under water deficit. These integrated findings demonstrate that ZmbHLH164 enhances drought resilience primarily through ABA-mediated stomatal regulation and activation of antioxidant/osmotic adjustment pathways, establishing its value as a candidate gene for molecular breeding of drought-resilient crops.
{"title":"ZmbHLH164, a Drought-Induced bHLH Transcription Factor from Maize, Confers Enhanced Drought Tolerance in Transgenic Tobacco and Modulates Abscisic Acid-Related Gene Expression.","authors":"Mengyao Li,Qiuyang Zhao,Pengjing Zhang,Zongliang Xia","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.5c13542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5c13542","url":null,"abstract":"ZmbHLH164, a drought-induced nuclear bHLH transcription factor identified via transcriptomic screening in a drought-tolerant maize line, functions as a positive regulator of drought tolerance. Heterologous overexpression in tobacco elevated abscisic acid (ABA) levels, accelerated stomatal closure, reduced water loss, enhanced osmolyte accumulation, and suppressed reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation under drought. RNA-seq and qRT-PCR confirmed upregulation of ABA biosynthesis and signaling genes. Conversely, the zmbhlh164 maize loss-of-function mutant displayed severe wilting, chlorosis, and physiological deterioration under water deficit. These integrated findings demonstrate that ZmbHLH164 enhances drought resilience primarily through ABA-mediated stomatal regulation and activation of antioxidant/osmotic adjustment pathways, establishing its value as a candidate gene for molecular breeding of drought-resilient crops.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":"148 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147502424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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