Zearalenone (ZEN) is a mycotoxin that induces hepatic oxidative injury by promoting ROS accumulation and compromising antioxidant defenses. Transcriptomic profiling revealed xanthine oxidase (XOD) as a key mediator. Structure-based molecular docking identified polydatin (PD) from Polygonum cuspidatum as a potent XOD inhibitor with strong binding affinity. Biochemical assays confirmed PD’s XOD inhibition. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that PD significantly attenuated ZEN-induced oxidative stress, reduced ROS generation, and improved pathological markers of liver injury, with optimal efficacy at low concentrations. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed PD forms a stable complex with XOD. Concurrently, PD activated the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, enhancing SOD and GSH-Px expression while reducing lipid peroxidation. These findings demonstrate that PD mitigates ZEN hepatotoxicity through dual mechanisms: direct XOD inhibition and enhancement of endogenous antioxidant capacity, supporting its therapeutic potential.
{"title":"Polydatin Attenuates Zearalenone-Induced Hepatic Oxidative Injury through Dual Inhibition of Xanthine Oxidase and Activation of Nrf2 Antioxidant Pathway","authors":"Yufei Cao,Yiqiang Zhang,Boran Zhou,Yingxue Zhang,Xu Han,Xinyuan Luan,Yu Wang,Hongjing Zhao","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.5c14968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5c14968","url":null,"abstract":"Zearalenone (ZEN) is a mycotoxin that induces hepatic oxidative injury by promoting ROS accumulation and compromising antioxidant defenses. Transcriptomic profiling revealed xanthine oxidase (XOD) as a key mediator. Structure-based molecular docking identified polydatin (PD) from Polygonum cuspidatum as a potent XOD inhibitor with strong binding affinity. Biochemical assays confirmed PD’s XOD inhibition. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that PD significantly attenuated ZEN-induced oxidative stress, reduced ROS generation, and improved pathological markers of liver injury, with optimal efficacy at low concentrations. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed PD forms a stable complex with XOD. Concurrently, PD activated the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, enhancing SOD and GSH-Px expression while reducing lipid peroxidation. These findings demonstrate that PD mitigates ZEN hepatotoxicity through dual mechanisms: direct XOD inhibition and enhancement of endogenous antioxidant capacity, supporting its therapeutic potential.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147506290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-25DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5c13266
Marco Greco,Giulia Caminada,Daniele Coculo,Vincenzo Lionetti
The intensification of agro-industrial production has led to a heavy reliance on chemical pesticides, raising significant environmental and health concerns. Sustainable alternatives can be found in the plant kingdom, which employs complex defense mechanisms against pests and phytopathogens, including the biosynthesis and release of antimicrobial and immune elicitor compounds. However, the increasing demand for plant-based foods limits their extraction and commercial use. Agro-industrial factories generate large amounts of underutilized plant-based waste, whose management poses significant challenges. Agro-industrial byproducts accumulate high concentrations of bioactive molecules that are retrieved through green extraction methods that show promising results for controlling pests and phytopathogens. The repurposing of plant-based agro-industrial byproducts for biopesticides and vaccines for plant development can offer crucial help in the implementation of the circular economy, resilient agricultural systems, and sustainable crop protection.
{"title":"From Waste to Defense: Agro-Industrial Byproducts as Sources of Biopesticides and Bioelicitors for Crop Protection","authors":"Marco Greco,Giulia Caminada,Daniele Coculo,Vincenzo Lionetti","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.5c13266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5c13266","url":null,"abstract":"The intensification of agro-industrial production has led to a heavy reliance on chemical pesticides, raising significant environmental and health concerns. Sustainable alternatives can be found in the plant kingdom, which employs complex defense mechanisms against pests and phytopathogens, including the biosynthesis and release of antimicrobial and immune elicitor compounds. However, the increasing demand for plant-based foods limits their extraction and commercial use. Agro-industrial factories generate large amounts of underutilized plant-based waste, whose management poses significant challenges. Agro-industrial byproducts accumulate high concentrations of bioactive molecules that are retrieved through green extraction methods that show promising results for controlling pests and phytopathogens. The repurposing of plant-based agro-industrial byproducts for biopesticides and vaccines for plant development can offer crucial help in the implementation of the circular economy, resilient agricultural systems, and sustainable crop protection.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":"270 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147506292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-25DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5c15357
Chunmiao Sun,Ziheng Meng,Xue Li,Boyuan Cao,Arina Nur Faidah,Chuanwang Cao,Lili Sun
Neuropeptide F (NPF) plays a crucial role in regulating various physiological processes in insects. In this study, the NPF and its receptor (NPFR) genes were successfully cloned from Lymantria dispar. It was confirmed that NPFR is located on the membrane of HEK293T cells and can be specifically activated by NPF. RNA interference-mediated silencing of the NPF/NPFR genes significantly inhibited larval feeding and growth, reduced carbohydrate and lipid reserves, and severely impaired male reproductive capacity by decreasing the number of normal sperm bundles and sperm motility. Exogenous injection of NPF-derived short peptides effectively promoted feeding behavior and increased nutrient accumulation. Our results suggest that the NPF signaling pathway during the larval stage not only regulates nutrient metabolism but also affects adult reproductive function. These findings provide an important theoretical basis for developing environmentally friendly pest control strategies targeting neuropeptide signaling.
{"title":"Neuropeptide F Signaling Regulates Feeding and Male Fertility in Lymantria dispar","authors":"Chunmiao Sun,Ziheng Meng,Xue Li,Boyuan Cao,Arina Nur Faidah,Chuanwang Cao,Lili Sun","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.5c15357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5c15357","url":null,"abstract":"Neuropeptide F (NPF) plays a crucial role in regulating various physiological processes in insects. In this study, the NPF and its receptor (NPFR) genes were successfully cloned from Lymantria dispar. It was confirmed that NPFR is located on the membrane of HEK293T cells and can be specifically activated by NPF. RNA interference-mediated silencing of the NPF/NPFR genes significantly inhibited larval feeding and growth, reduced carbohydrate and lipid reserves, and severely impaired male reproductive capacity by decreasing the number of normal sperm bundles and sperm motility. Exogenous injection of NPF-derived short peptides effectively promoted feeding behavior and increased nutrient accumulation. Our results suggest that the NPF signaling pathway during the larval stage not only regulates nutrient metabolism but also affects adult reproductive function. These findings provide an important theoretical basis for developing environmentally friendly pest control strategies targeting neuropeptide signaling.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147506289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-25DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6c01144
Shuqi Jia,Songyi Lin,Qiaozhen Liu,Shuya Wang,Xiuhan Chen,Na Sun
High sugar intake is associated with an increased allergic disease risk, though the mechanisms are unclear. This study used a tropomyosin-sensitized mouse model to compare the effects of sucrose, fructose, glucose, and mixed sugars. All sugars exacerbated allergic reactions, with sucrose having the most pronounced effect, characterized by elevated histamine levels and upregulated expression of pro-inflammatory factors. Sucrose intake significantly downregulated expression of zonula occludens-1 and occludin, and increased intestinal permeability. Further analysis demonstrated that sucrose intake enriched pro-inflammatory bacteria, resulting in intestinal microecology imbalance. Nontargeted metabolomics identification showed that sucrose intake caused significant changes in 238 metabolites, with over 70% exhibiting a downward trend. Tryptophan metabolism was notably suppressed, and the key metabolites like tryptophol and kynurenic acid were down-regulated. Additionally, arginine and proline metabolism were also inhibited. These findings provide new understanding of the mechanisms by which high sugar consumption exacerbates allergic diseases.
{"title":"Multiomics Perspective to Analyze the Mechanism by Which Dietary Sugar Aggravates Tropomyosin-Induced Allergic Reactions: The Key Role of Intestinal Microbiota Imbalance and Metabolic Disorders","authors":"Shuqi Jia,Songyi Lin,Qiaozhen Liu,Shuya Wang,Xiuhan Chen,Na Sun","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.6c01144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.6c01144","url":null,"abstract":"High sugar intake is associated with an increased allergic disease risk, though the mechanisms are unclear. This study used a tropomyosin-sensitized mouse model to compare the effects of sucrose, fructose, glucose, and mixed sugars. All sugars exacerbated allergic reactions, with sucrose having the most pronounced effect, characterized by elevated histamine levels and upregulated expression of pro-inflammatory factors. Sucrose intake significantly downregulated expression of zonula occludens-1 and occludin, and increased intestinal permeability. Further analysis demonstrated that sucrose intake enriched pro-inflammatory bacteria, resulting in intestinal microecology imbalance. Nontargeted metabolomics identification showed that sucrose intake caused significant changes in 238 metabolites, with over 70% exhibiting a downward trend. Tryptophan metabolism was notably suppressed, and the key metabolites like tryptophol and kynurenic acid were down-regulated. Additionally, arginine and proline metabolism were also inhibited. These findings provide new understanding of the mechanisms by which high sugar consumption exacerbates allergic diseases.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147506286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Volatile terpenoids are pivotal to fruit aroma and serve as the major aroma-donating volatiles in litchi aril, yet their biosynthetic mechanisms remain largely unknown. By profiling 24 litchi cultivars, we identified 14 key terpenoids (e.g., caryophyllene, geraniol, and d-limonene) that classify cultivars into light and strong aroma groups. A genome-wide screening identified 46 LcTPS genes, with LcTPS39 showing the highest aril expression and functioning as a caryophyllene synthase. Transcriptomic and promoter analyses revealed a strong correlation between transcription factors LcCDF3 and LcTPS39. Subsequent in vitro and in vivo assays confirmed that LcCDF3 directly binds and activates the LcTPS39 promoter. Furthermore, overexpression of LcCDF3 in litchi callus and tomato fruits significantly enhanced caryophyllene production. Collectively, this study comprehensively characterizes litchi aril volatile terpenoids and elucidates a novel LcCDF3-LcTPS39 regulatory module controlling caryophyllene biosynthesis, offering valuable insights for the genetic improvement of fruit aroma.
{"title":"LcCDF3-LcTPS39 Regulatory Module Positively Regulates Caryophyllene Biosynthesis to Shape the Floral-Fruity Aroma of Litchi Aril.","authors":"Zhuoyi Liu,Yimeng Wang,Ke Ma,Zidi He,Zhiqi Li,Hang Zhang,Yanshan Zhang,Minglei Zhao,Xingshuai Ma,Jianguo Li","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.5c10744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5c10744","url":null,"abstract":"Volatile terpenoids are pivotal to fruit aroma and serve as the major aroma-donating volatiles in litchi aril, yet their biosynthetic mechanisms remain largely unknown. By profiling 24 litchi cultivars, we identified 14 key terpenoids (e.g., caryophyllene, geraniol, and d-limonene) that classify cultivars into light and strong aroma groups. A genome-wide screening identified 46 LcTPS genes, with LcTPS39 showing the highest aril expression and functioning as a caryophyllene synthase. Transcriptomic and promoter analyses revealed a strong correlation between transcription factors LcCDF3 and LcTPS39. Subsequent in vitro and in vivo assays confirmed that LcCDF3 directly binds and activates the LcTPS39 promoter. Furthermore, overexpression of LcCDF3 in litchi callus and tomato fruits significantly enhanced caryophyllene production. Collectively, this study comprehensively characterizes litchi aril volatile terpenoids and elucidates a novel LcCDF3-LcTPS39 regulatory module controlling caryophyllene biosynthesis, offering valuable insights for the genetic improvement of fruit aroma.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147502418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-24DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6c03740
Nianwu He, Xiaolong Shi, Yan Zhao, Lingmin Tian, Dongying Wang, Xingbin Yang
{"title":"Correction to \"Inhibitory Effects and Molecular Mechanisms of Selenium-Containing Tea Polysaccharides on Human Breast Cancer MCF-7 Cells\".","authors":"Nianwu He, Xiaolong Shi, Yan Zhao, Lingmin Tian, Dongying Wang, Xingbin Yang","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.6c03740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.6c03740","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147502829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-24DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5c13129
Lijun Zhang,Yuhan Song,Meiyan Chen,Chunyu Hu,Wanru Wang,Xunbo Zhou,Xiaoqin Hao,Xingtan Zhang,Xiping Yang
The evaluation of the kernel oil content and fatty acid composition in maize is crucial for understanding maize nutrition. This study utilized an association population of 278 inbred lines and a F2 population of 229 individuals to identify candidate genes for 8 kernel weight and oil traits. By employing two genome-wide association study (GWAS) models, the K model and Q+K model, key SNP loci and candidate genes were identified. A total of 10 pleiotropic quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were discovered that collectively encompassed 82 candidate genes. Notably, the SAD gene catalyzed the conversion of stearoyl-acyl carrier protein (ACP) to oleoyl-ACP, playing a crucial role in regulating the content of unsaturated fatty acids in plants. Three candidate genes were identified through three methods (GWAS, QTL mapping, and RNA-seq), with the FALDH gene playing a role in regulating the grain oil content. Through the integration of GWAS analysis and QTL mapping, one stable QTL related to the oil content (qOC5) and one stable QTL related to arachidic acid (qAA9) were identified. Among them, the FAE2 gene was located in qAA9, which plays a crucial role in regulating the fatty acid content in plants. Additionally, the gene TT12, identified through a combination of GWAS and RNA-seq analyses, has been found to play a pivotal role in seed development. Overall, these findings provide a foundation for deeper insights into the genetic mechanisms underlying maize oil traits and offer valuable insights for molecular marker-assisted breeding.
{"title":"Integrating GWAS, QTL Mapping, and RNA-seq to Identify Candidate Genes for Kernel Weight and Oil Traits in Maize (Zea mays ssp. mays).","authors":"Lijun Zhang,Yuhan Song,Meiyan Chen,Chunyu Hu,Wanru Wang,Xunbo Zhou,Xiaoqin Hao,Xingtan Zhang,Xiping Yang","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.5c13129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5c13129","url":null,"abstract":"The evaluation of the kernel oil content and fatty acid composition in maize is crucial for understanding maize nutrition. This study utilized an association population of 278 inbred lines and a F2 population of 229 individuals to identify candidate genes for 8 kernel weight and oil traits. By employing two genome-wide association study (GWAS) models, the K model and Q+K model, key SNP loci and candidate genes were identified. A total of 10 pleiotropic quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were discovered that collectively encompassed 82 candidate genes. Notably, the SAD gene catalyzed the conversion of stearoyl-acyl carrier protein (ACP) to oleoyl-ACP, playing a crucial role in regulating the content of unsaturated fatty acids in plants. Three candidate genes were identified through three methods (GWAS, QTL mapping, and RNA-seq), with the FALDH gene playing a role in regulating the grain oil content. Through the integration of GWAS analysis and QTL mapping, one stable QTL related to the oil content (qOC5) and one stable QTL related to arachidic acid (qAA9) were identified. Among them, the FAE2 gene was located in qAA9, which plays a crucial role in regulating the fatty acid content in plants. Additionally, the gene TT12, identified through a combination of GWAS and RNA-seq analyses, has been found to play a pivotal role in seed development. Overall, these findings provide a foundation for deeper insights into the genetic mechanisms underlying maize oil traits and offer valuable insights for molecular marker-assisted breeding.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147502417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-24DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5c17070
Huan Li,Chen-Ning Zhang,Ya-Hong Wang,Ruo-Cheng Sheng,Ying Liu,Dan-Dan Zhang,Dylan P. G. Short,Krishna V. Subbarao,Feng-Mao Chen,Jie-Yin Chen
Fungal ergosterol biosynthesis relies on electron carriers to activate substrates, and thus, they are recognized as targets for fungicides. In this study, we demonstrated that a cytoplasm-localized cytochrome b5-like progesterone binding protein, VdPBP1, participated in vegetative growth, virulence, and metabolism of membrane components in Verticillium dahliae, especially ergosterol biosynthesis. As a stress sensor, its protein level was dose-dependently inhibited by terbinafine. VdPBP1 directly interacted with squalene epoxidase VdERG1 on the lipid droplets. Supplementing hemin and enhancing cytochrome P450 reductase system partly restored ergosterol metabolism and susceptibility phenotypes of VdPBP1 mutants suggesting that electron input of VdPBP1 is crucial for maintaining VdERG1 expression and terbinafine tolerance. Structurally, terbinafine was immersed in VdPBP1’s heme-binding region, which was essential for electron transfer rather than VdPBP1/VdERG1 interaction. These results not only revealed a new adaptor of ergosterol biosynthesis and drug resistance in V. dahliae but also provide a feasible control strategy for cotton Verticillium wilt.
{"title":"Cytochrome b5-Like Protein VdPBP1 Mediates Electron Transfer in Ergosterol Pathway to Confer Terbinafine Resistance of Verticillium dahliae","authors":"Huan Li,Chen-Ning Zhang,Ya-Hong Wang,Ruo-Cheng Sheng,Ying Liu,Dan-Dan Zhang,Dylan P. G. Short,Krishna V. Subbarao,Feng-Mao Chen,Jie-Yin Chen","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.5c17070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5c17070","url":null,"abstract":"Fungal ergosterol biosynthesis relies on electron carriers to activate substrates, and thus, they are recognized as targets for fungicides. In this study, we demonstrated that a cytoplasm-localized cytochrome b5-like progesterone binding protein, VdPBP1, participated in vegetative growth, virulence, and metabolism of membrane components in Verticillium dahliae, especially ergosterol biosynthesis. As a stress sensor, its protein level was dose-dependently inhibited by terbinafine. VdPBP1 directly interacted with squalene epoxidase VdERG1 on the lipid droplets. Supplementing hemin and enhancing cytochrome P450 reductase system partly restored ergosterol metabolism and susceptibility phenotypes of VdPBP1 mutants suggesting that electron input of VdPBP1 is crucial for maintaining VdERG1 expression and terbinafine tolerance. Structurally, terbinafine was immersed in VdPBP1’s heme-binding region, which was essential for electron transfer rather than VdPBP1/VdERG1 interaction. These results not only revealed a new adaptor of ergosterol biosynthesis and drug resistance in V. dahliae but also provide a feasible control strategy for cotton Verticillium wilt.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147506295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Static metabolic regulation during microbial synthesis of polyphenolic compounds leads to tyrosol accumulation, inducing cellular toxicity and growth inhibition. Dynamic regulation effectively alleviates the imbalance between cell growth and production; yet, a tyrosol-responsive dynamic system for yeast adaptive regulation remains unreported. In this study, endogenous tyrosol-responsive promoters were mined via transcriptomics, and the optimal promoter PYOR153W was identified. Subsequently, a novel tyrosol-responsive biosensor composed of the responsive promoter and CRISPR/dSpCas9-VPR was designed to dynamically regulate green fluorescent protein (GFP) expression and hydroxytyrosol biosynthesis, respectively. This strategy successfully enhanced hydroxytyrosol production by 1.53-fold with negligible tyrosol accumulation. Furthermore, this dynamic system improved strain robustness during longer yeast fermentation periods, and the hydroxytyrosol titer increased to 4.26 g/L in a 5 L bioreactor. Our findings establish the first tyrosol-responsive biosensor in yeast and provide a framework for the efficient biosynthesis of high-value tyrosol derivatives.
{"title":"Engineering a Tyrosol-Responsive Dynamic System in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for Adaptive Regulation of Hydroxytyrosol Biosynthesis.","authors":"Haitao Hu,Ruru Sun,Qixiao Zhai,Wei Zhao,Ruijin Yang,Xiaomei Lyu","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.5c14532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5c14532","url":null,"abstract":"Static metabolic regulation during microbial synthesis of polyphenolic compounds leads to tyrosol accumulation, inducing cellular toxicity and growth inhibition. Dynamic regulation effectively alleviates the imbalance between cell growth and production; yet, a tyrosol-responsive dynamic system for yeast adaptive regulation remains unreported. In this study, endogenous tyrosol-responsive promoters were mined via transcriptomics, and the optimal promoter PYOR153W was identified. Subsequently, a novel tyrosol-responsive biosensor composed of the responsive promoter and CRISPR/dSpCas9-VPR was designed to dynamically regulate green fluorescent protein (GFP) expression and hydroxytyrosol biosynthesis, respectively. This strategy successfully enhanced hydroxytyrosol production by 1.53-fold with negligible tyrosol accumulation. Furthermore, this dynamic system improved strain robustness during longer yeast fermentation periods, and the hydroxytyrosol titer increased to 4.26 g/L in a 5 L bioreactor. Our findings establish the first tyrosol-responsive biosensor in yeast and provide a framework for the efficient biosynthesis of high-value tyrosol derivatives.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147502420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-24DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5c17254
Flinn O’Hara,Alexandra Cremades,Na Xie,Erik L. Roldán,Miltan Chandra Roy,Sandipa Gautam,Mamoudou Setamou,Amar Chittiboyina,Troy D. Anderson,Lukasz L. Stelinski,Daniel R. Swale
Huanglongbing (HLB), caused by the phloem-restricted bacterium Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (C. Las), is vectored by the Asian citrus psyllid (ACP) and threatens global citrus production. We demonstrate that VU041 (C19H20F3N3O), a small-molecule inhibitor of inward rectifier potassium (Kir) channels, provides a dual-mechanism approach to management of Huanglongbing (HLB) disease by combining acute toxicity with antifeedant activity. Topical and tarsal contact bioassays revealed that VU041 induced rapid mortality to ACP (24 h LD50 = 25 ng/insect) and reduced salivary gland secretion to suppress feeding behaviors. In semifield acquisition assays on C. Las-infected citrus, foliar application of VU041 significantly reduced both ACP survival (up to 96% at 365 ppb) and C. Las acquisition in surviving ACP. Combined, these results indicate that VU041 represents a promising chemical lead for developing insecticides that simultaneously kill ACP vectors and block pathogen acquisition at sublethal concentrations, representing a potentially transformative approach to reducing HLB-mediated losses in citrus production.
{"title":"Inward Rectifier Potassium (Kir) Channel Inhibitors Protect Citrus from the Asian Citrus Psyllid by Inducing Toxicity and Inhibition of Feeding","authors":"Flinn O’Hara,Alexandra Cremades,Na Xie,Erik L. Roldán,Miltan Chandra Roy,Sandipa Gautam,Mamoudou Setamou,Amar Chittiboyina,Troy D. Anderson,Lukasz L. Stelinski,Daniel R. Swale","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.5c17254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5c17254","url":null,"abstract":"Huanglongbing (HLB), caused by the phloem-restricted bacterium Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (C. Las), is vectored by the Asian citrus psyllid (ACP) and threatens global citrus production. We demonstrate that VU041 (C19H20F3N3O), a small-molecule inhibitor of inward rectifier potassium (Kir) channels, provides a dual-mechanism approach to management of Huanglongbing (HLB) disease by combining acute toxicity with antifeedant activity. Topical and tarsal contact bioassays revealed that VU041 induced rapid mortality to ACP (24 h LD50 = 25 ng/insect) and reduced salivary gland secretion to suppress feeding behaviors. In semifield acquisition assays on C. Las-infected citrus, foliar application of VU041 significantly reduced both ACP survival (up to 96% at 365 ppb) and C. Las acquisition in surviving ACP. Combined, these results indicate that VU041 represents a promising chemical lead for developing insecticides that simultaneously kill ACP vectors and block pathogen acquisition at sublethal concentrations, representing a potentially transformative approach to reducing HLB-mediated losses in citrus production.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147506294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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