Pub Date : 2024-06-28DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c04228
Wen-Kai Liu, Bing-Mei Su, Xin-Qi Xu, Lian Xu, Juan Lin
Hydroxytyrosol, a naturally occurring compound with antioxidant and antiviral activity, is widely applied in the cosmetic, food, and nutraceutical industries. The development of a biocatalytic approach for producing hydroxytyrosol from simple and readily accessible substrates remains a challenge. Here, we designed and implemented an effective biocatalytic cascade to obtain hydroxytyrosol from 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde and l-threonine via a four-step enzymatic cascade composed of seven enzymes. To prevent cross-reactions and protein expression burden caused by multiple enzymes expressed in a single cell, the designed enzymatic cascade was divided into two modules and catalyzed in a stepwise manner. The first module (FM) assisted the assembly of 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde and l-threonine into (2S,3R)-2-amino-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxypropanoic acid, and the second module (SM) entailed converting (2S,3R)-2-amino-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxypropanoic acid into hydroxytyrosol. Each module was cloned into Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) and engineered in parallel by fine-tuning enzyme expression, resulting in two engineered whole-cell catalyst modules, BL21(FM01) and BL21(SM13), capable of converting 30 mM 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde to 28.7 mM hydroxytyrosol with a high space–time yield (0.88 g/L/h). To summarize, the current study proposes a simple and effective approach for biosynthesizing hydroxytyrosol from low-cost substrates and thus has great potential for industrial applications.
{"title":"Multienzymatic Cascade for Synthesis of Hydroxytyrosol via Two-Stage Biocatalysis","authors":"Wen-Kai Liu, Bing-Mei Su, Xin-Qi Xu, Lian Xu, Juan Lin","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.4c04228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.4c04228","url":null,"abstract":"Hydroxytyrosol, a naturally occurring compound with antioxidant and antiviral activity, is widely applied in the cosmetic, food, and nutraceutical industries. The development of a biocatalytic approach for producing hydroxytyrosol from simple and readily accessible substrates remains a challenge. Here, we designed and implemented an effective biocatalytic cascade to obtain hydroxytyrosol from 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde and <span>l</span>-threonine via a four-step enzymatic cascade composed of seven enzymes. To prevent cross-reactions and protein expression burden caused by multiple enzymes expressed in a single cell, the designed enzymatic cascade was divided into two modules and catalyzed in a stepwise manner. The first module (FM) assisted the assembly of 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde and <span>l</span>-threonine into (2<i>S</i>,3<i>R</i>)-2-amino-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxypropanoic acid, and the second module (SM) entailed converting (2<i>S</i>,3<i>R</i>)-2-amino-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxypropanoic acid into hydroxytyrosol. Each module was cloned into <i>Escherichia coli</i> BL21 (DE3) and engineered in parallel by fine-tuning enzyme expression, resulting in two engineered whole-cell catalyst modules, BL21(FM01) and BL21(SM13), capable of converting 30 mM 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde to 28.7 mM hydroxytyrosol with a high space–time yield (0.88 g/L/h). To summarize, the current study proposes a simple and effective approach for biosynthesizing hydroxytyrosol from low-cost substrates and thus has great potential for industrial applications.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141463723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Flupyradifurone (FPF) is considered the latest generation of neonicotinoid insecticides. Here, we investigated the toxicity and ecological risk of FPF and its aerobic transformation products (TPs) to aquatic species using the method of prediction. We found that FPF exhibited moderate or high toxicity to some aquatic species. The 5% hazardous concentration of FPF was 3.84 μg/L for aquatic organisms. We obtained 91 aerobic TPs for FPF, and almost half of FPF TPs exhibited toxicity to fish or Daphnia. Eleven of the TPs of FPF exhibited a high or moderate risk to aquatic ecosystems. All FPF TPs with high and moderate risks contained a 6-chloropyridine ring structure, indicating that the derivant of a pyridine ring exhibits potential risks to aquatic ecosystems. Our results provide insight into the potential risk of FPF to aquatic ecosystems and could be used to help set criteria to control pollution caused by FPF.
{"title":"Prediction of Potential Risk for Flupyradifurone and Its Transformation Products to Hydrobionts","authors":"Chao Shen, Xinglu Pan, Xiaohu Wu, Jun Xu, Yongquan Zheng, Fengshou Dong","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.4c03004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.4c03004","url":null,"abstract":"Flupyradifurone (FPF) is considered the latest generation of neonicotinoid insecticides. Here, we investigated the toxicity and ecological risk of FPF and its aerobic transformation products (TPs) to aquatic species using the method of prediction. We found that FPF exhibited moderate or high toxicity to some aquatic species. The 5% hazardous concentration of FPF was 3.84 μg/L for aquatic organisms. We obtained 91 aerobic TPs for FPF, and almost half of FPF TPs exhibited toxicity to fish or <i>Daphnia</i>. Eleven of the TPs of FPF exhibited a high or moderate risk to aquatic ecosystems. All FPF TPs with high and moderate risks contained a 6-chloropyridine ring structure, indicating that the derivant of a pyridine ring exhibits potential risks to aquatic ecosystems. Our results provide insight into the potential risk of FPF to aquatic ecosystems and could be used to help set criteria to control pollution caused by FPF.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141464002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Numerous studies have highlighted the potential of Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) fermentation of whey proteins for alleviating allergies. Nonetheless, the impact of LAB-derived metabolites on whey proteins antigenicity during fermentation remains uncertain. Our objective was to elucidate the impact of small molecular metabolites on the antigenicity of α-lactalbumin (α-LA) and β-lactoglobulin (β-LG). Through metabolomic analysis, we picked 13 bioactive small molecule metabolites from Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus DLPU F-36 for coincubation with α-LA and β-LG, respectively. The outcomes revealed that valine, arginine, benzoic acid, 2-keto butyric acid, and glutaric acid significantly diminished the sensitization potential of α-LA and β-LG, respectively. Moreover, chromatographic analyses unveiled the varying influence of small molecular metabolites on the structure of α-LA and β-LG, respectively. Notably, molecular docking underscored that the primary active sites of α-LA and β-LG involved in protein binding to IgE antibodies aligned with the interaction sites of small molecular metabolites. In essence, LAB-produced metabolites wield a substantial influence on the antigenic properties of whey proteins.
{"title":"Modulating Whey Proteins Antigenicity with Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus DLPU F-36 Metabolites: Insights from Spectroscopic and Molecular Docking Studies","authors":"Zhao Zhang, YunPeng Xu, Xinling Li, Lei Chi, Yue Li, Chao Xu, Guangqing Mu, Xuemei Zhu","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.3c08874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.3c08874","url":null,"abstract":"Numerous studies have highlighted the potential of Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) fermentation of whey proteins for alleviating allergies. Nonetheless, the impact of LAB-derived metabolites on whey proteins antigenicity during fermentation remains uncertain. Our objective was to elucidate the impact of small molecular metabolites on the antigenicity of α-lactalbumin (α-LA) and β-lactoglobulin (β-LG). Through metabolomic analysis, we picked 13 bioactive small molecule metabolites from <i>Lactobacillus delbrueckii</i> subsp. <i>bulgaricus</i> DLPU F-36 for coincubation with α-LA and β-LG, respectively. The outcomes revealed that valine, arginine, benzoic acid, 2-keto butyric acid, and glutaric acid significantly diminished the sensitization potential of α-LA and β-LG, respectively. Moreover, chromatographic analyses unveiled the varying influence of small molecular metabolites on the structure of α-LA and β-LG, respectively. Notably, molecular docking underscored that the primary active sites of α-LA and β-LG involved in protein binding to IgE antibodies aligned with the interaction sites of small molecular metabolites. In essence, LAB-produced metabolites wield a substantial influence on the antigenic properties of whey proteins.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141463683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-28DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c03049
Qi Pan, Shi-Jiang Yu, Shuang Lei, Shao-Hui Zhang, Li-Li Ding, Liu Liu, Si-Chen Li, Xue-Feng Wang, Bing-Hai Lou, Chun Ran
Insecticide susceptibility is mainly determined by the insect host, but symbiotic bacteria are also an important affecting factor. In this study, we investigate the relationship between the structure of gut bacterial symbionts and insecticide susceptibility in Diaphorina citri, the important carrier of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas), the causal agent of Huanglongbing (HLB). Our results indicated that antibiotic treatment significantly increased the susceptibility of D. citri to bifenthrin and thiamethoxam, and significantly decreased the relative abundance of Wolbachia and Profftella, enzyme activities of CarEs, and expression level of multiple CarE genes. The relative loads of Wolbachia and Profftella were positively correlated with DcitCCE13, DcitCCE14, DcitCCE15, and DcitCCE16. RNAi and prokaryotic expression revealed that DcitCCE15 is associated with bifenthrin metabolism. These results revealed that bacterial symbionts might regulate DcitCCE15 expression, which is involved in the susceptibility of D. citri to bifenthrin.
{"title":"Bacterial Symbionts Contribute to Insecticide Susceptibility of Diaphorina citri via Changing the Expression Level of Host Detoxifying Genes","authors":"Qi Pan, Shi-Jiang Yu, Shuang Lei, Shao-Hui Zhang, Li-Li Ding, Liu Liu, Si-Chen Li, Xue-Feng Wang, Bing-Hai Lou, Chun Ran","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.4c03049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.4c03049","url":null,"abstract":"Insecticide susceptibility is mainly determined by the insect host, but symbiotic bacteria are also an important affecting factor. In this study, we investigate the relationship between the structure of gut bacterial symbionts and insecticide susceptibility in <i>Diaphorina citri</i>, the important carrier of <i>Candidatus</i> Liberibacter asiaticus (<i>C</i>Las), the causal agent of Huanglongbing (HLB). Our results indicated that antibiotic treatment significantly increased the susceptibility of <i>D. citri</i> to bifenthrin and thiamethoxam, and significantly decreased the relative abundance of <i>Wolbachia</i> and Profftella, enzyme activities of CarEs, and expression level of multiple CarE genes. The relative loads of <i>Wolbachia</i> and Profftella were positively correlated with <i>DcitCCE13</i>, <i>DcitCCE14</i>, <i>DcitCCE15</i>, and <i>DcitCCE16</i>. RNAi and prokaryotic expression revealed that <i>DcitCCE15</i> is associated with bifenthrin metabolism. These results revealed that bacterial symbionts might regulate <i>DcitCCE15</i> expression, which is involved in the susceptibility of <i>D. citri</i> to bifenthrin.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141463584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-28DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c01008
Nesma Elhadad, S. C. de Campos Zani, C. B. Chan, Jianping Wu
Egg white hydrolysates (EWH) and ovotransferrin-derived peptides have distinct beneficial effects on glucose metabolism. This research aims to investigate whether ovalbumin hydrolysates (OVAHs), without ovotransferrin can improve insulin signaling pathway in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. Two types of ovalbumin hydrolysates were produced, either using thermoase (OVAT), or thermoase + pepsin (OVATP). Both OVAHs-supplemented groups exhibited lower body weight gain (P < 0.001) and enhanced oral glucose tolerance (P < 0.05) compared with HFD. Moreover, diet supplementation with either hydrolysate increased the insulin-stimulated activation of protein kinase B (AKT) and insulin receptor β (IRβ) (P < 0.0001) in skeletal muscle. In conclusion, OVAHs improved glucose tolerance and insulin-dependent signaling pathway in HFD-fed mice.
{"title":"Ovalbumin Hydrolysates Enhance Skeletal Muscle Insulin-Dependent Signaling Pathway in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice","authors":"Nesma Elhadad, S. C. de Campos Zani, C. B. Chan, Jianping Wu","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.4c01008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.4c01008","url":null,"abstract":"Egg white hydrolysates (EWH) and ovotransferrin-derived peptides have distinct beneficial effects on glucose metabolism. This research aims to investigate whether ovalbumin hydrolysates (OVAHs), without ovotransferrin can improve insulin signaling pathway in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. Two types of ovalbumin hydrolysates were produced, either using thermoase (OVAT), or thermoase + pepsin (OVATP). Both OVAHs-supplemented groups exhibited lower body weight gain (<i>P</i> < 0.001) and enhanced oral glucose tolerance (<i>P</i> < 0.05) compared with HFD. Moreover, diet supplementation with either hydrolysate increased the insulin-stimulated activation of protein kinase B (AKT) and insulin receptor β (IRβ) (<i>P</i> < 0.0001) in skeletal muscle. In conclusion, OVAHs improved glucose tolerance and insulin-dependent signaling pathway in HFD-fed mice.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141463651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-28DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00516
Sara Schlachter, Klaudia Tadus, Roland Weiss, Elisabeth Reiter, Irmengard Strnad, Margit Cichna-Markl, Stefano D’Amico
The prohibition of processed animal proteins (PAPs) has been relaxed gradually since 2007. The official control method for PAPs in feedingstuff, a combination of light microscopy (LM) followed by PCR, is no longer sufficient. Thus, a targeted LC–MS/MS method was developed, which enables a tissue-specific distinction between egg and dairy products, gelatine, and PAPs derived from blood or muscle tissue of the species ruminants, pigs, poultry, and fish. Tissue-specific proteins were analyzed after tryptic digestion to peptides with high-resolution ESI-QTOF-MS. A targeted method was developed based on untargeted proteomics approaches and the selection of specific peptides (45 unique peptides in total). Proficiency testing of blank and spiked samples revealed excellent results for trueness and selectivity. Furthermore, sensitivity was achieved at a level of 0.1% (w/w) for assessed peptides. Summing up, the developed method seems to be suitable for routine analysis after verification by ring trials.
{"title":"Simultaneous Determination of Animal Products from Ruminant, Pig, Poultry, and Fish in Feedingstuff by Targeted High-Resolution LC–MS/MS","authors":"Sara Schlachter, Klaudia Tadus, Roland Weiss, Elisabeth Reiter, Irmengard Strnad, Margit Cichna-Markl, Stefano D’Amico","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00516","url":null,"abstract":"The prohibition of processed animal proteins (PAPs) has been relaxed gradually since 2007. The official control method for PAPs in feedingstuff, a combination of light microscopy (LM) followed by PCR, is no longer sufficient. Thus, a targeted LC–MS/MS method was developed, which enables a tissue-specific distinction between egg and dairy products, gelatine, and PAPs derived from blood or muscle tissue of the species ruminants, pigs, poultry, and fish. Tissue-specific proteins were analyzed after tryptic digestion to peptides with high-resolution ESI-QTOF-MS. A targeted method was developed based on untargeted proteomics approaches and the selection of specific peptides (45 unique peptides in total). Proficiency testing of blank and spiked samples revealed excellent results for trueness and selectivity. Furthermore, sensitivity was achieved at a level of 0.1% (w/w) for assessed peptides. Summing up, the developed method seems to be suitable for routine analysis after verification by ring trials.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141463581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A new fusicoccane diterpenoid, harziaderma A (1), two novel harziane diterpenoids, harzianones G and H (2 and 3), one revised harziane diterpenoid (4), and two known diterpenoids (5 and 6) were isolated from the fungus Trichoderma harzianum and established via NMR, HRESIMS, Mo2(OAc)4-induced circular dichroism (ICD) and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. It is worth noting that compound 1 represents the first instance of a fusicoccane-type diterpenoid derived from T. harzianum. The structure of furanharzianone B was revised to 4 via careful spectroscopic analyses. Additionally, compounds 2 and 5 could suppress the overall growth of the foodborne bacterial pathogen Bacillus cereus. Compound 4 showed a moderate suppressive impact on NO generation in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated RAW 264.7 cells. The discoveries from the current study not only expanded the structural variety of diterpenoids isolated from T. harzianum but also laid a robust foundation for the development of harziane diterpenoids as anti-foodborne pathogen agents.
通过核磁共振、HRESIMS、Mo2(OAc)4 诱导的圆二色性（ICD）和电子圆二色性（ECD）计算，从真菌哈茨真菌（Trichoderma harzianum）中分离出了一种新的 fusicoccane 二萜类化合物--哈茨真菌 A（1）、两种新的哈茨二萜类化合物--哈茨酮 G 和 H（2 和 3）、一种修正的哈茨二萜类化合物（4）以及两种已知的二萜类化合物（5 和 6）。值得注意的是，化合物 1 是首次从哈茨蘑菇中提取的呋喃杂环庚烷类二萜化合物。通过仔细的光谱分析，呋喃哈嗪酮 B 的结构被修正为 4。此外，化合物 2 和 5 还能抑制食源性细菌病原体蜡样芽孢杆菌的整体生长。化合物 4 对脂多糖（LPS）处理的 RAW 264.7 细胞中 NO 的生成有适度的抑制作用。本研究的发现不仅扩大了从哈茨藻中分离出的二萜化合物的结构种类，还为开发哈茨二萜化合物作为抗食源性病原体制剂奠定了坚实的基础。
{"title":"Diterpenoids with Antibacterial Activities from the Fungus Trichoderma harzianum","authors":"Alan Bao, Xian Xia, Hao Wang, Qin Li, Chunmei Chen, Yonghui Zhang, Hucheng Zhu","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00067","url":null,"abstract":"A new fusicoccane diterpenoid, harziaderma A (<b>1</b>), two novel harziane diterpenoids, harzianones G and H (<b>2</b> and <b>3</b>), one revised harziane diterpenoid (<b>4</b>), and two known diterpenoids (<b>5</b> and <b>6</b>) were isolated from the fungus <i>Trichoderma harzianum</i> and established via NMR, HRESIMS, Mo<sub>2</sub>(OAc)<sub>4</sub>-induced circular dichroism (ICD) and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. It is worth noting that compound <b>1</b> represents the first instance of a fusicoccane-type diterpenoid derived from <i>T. harzianum</i>. The structure of furanharzianone B was revised to <b>4</b> via careful spectroscopic analyses. Additionally, compounds <b>2</b> and <b>5</b> could suppress the overall growth of the foodborne bacterial pathogen <i>Bacillus cereus</i>. Compound <b>4</b> showed a moderate suppressive impact on NO generation in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated RAW 264.7 cells. The discoveries from the current study not only expanded the structural variety of diterpenoids isolated from <i>T. harzianum</i> but also laid a robust foundation for the development of harziane diterpenoids as anti-foodborne pathogen agents.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141463710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-27DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c01303
Ignacio Fernández-Pastor, Victor González-Menéndez, Ignacio González, Rachel Serrano, Thomas A. Mackenzie, Guillermo Benítez, Manuel Casares-Porcel, Olga Genilloud, Fernando Reyes
A study targeting novel antifungal metabolites identified potent in vitro antifungal activity against key plant pathogens in acetone extracts of Streptomyces sp. strain CA-296093. Feature-based molecular networking revealed the presence in this extract of antimycin-related compounds, leading to the isolation of four new compounds: escuzarmycins A–D (1–4). Extensive structural elucidation, employing 1D and 2D NMR, high-resolution mass spectrometry, Marfey’s analysis, and NOESY correlations, confirmed their structures. The bioactivity of these compounds was tested against six fungal phytopathogens, and compounds 3 and 4 demonstrated strong efficacy, particularly against Zymoseptoria tritici, with compound 3 exhibiting the highest potency (EC50: 11 nM). Both compounds also displayed significant antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea and Colletotrichum acutatum, with compound 4 proving to be the most potent. Despite moderate cytotoxicity against the human cancer cell line HepG2, compounds 3 and 4 emerge as promising fungicides for combating Septoria tritici blotch, anthracnose, and gray mold.
{"title":"Escuzarmycins A–D, Potent Biofungicides to Control Septoria tritici Blotch","authors":"Ignacio Fernández-Pastor, Victor González-Menéndez, Ignacio González, Rachel Serrano, Thomas A. Mackenzie, Guillermo Benítez, Manuel Casares-Porcel, Olga Genilloud, Fernando Reyes","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.4c01303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.4c01303","url":null,"abstract":"A study targeting novel antifungal metabolites identified potent <i>in vitro</i> antifungal activity against key plant pathogens in acetone extracts of <i>Streptomyces</i> sp. strain CA-296093. Feature-based molecular networking revealed the presence in this extract of antimycin-related compounds, leading to the isolation of four new compounds: escuzarmycins A–D (<b>1</b>–<b>4</b>). Extensive structural elucidation, employing 1D and 2D NMR, high-resolution mass spectrometry, Marfey’s analysis, and NOESY correlations, confirmed their structures. The bioactivity of these compounds was tested against six fungal phytopathogens, and compounds <b>3</b> and <b>4</b> demonstrated strong efficacy, particularly against <i>Zymoseptoria tritici</i>, with compound <b>3</b> exhibiting the highest potency (EC<sub>50</sub>: 11 nM). Both compounds also displayed significant antifungal activity against <i>Botrytis cinerea</i> and <i>Colletotrichum acutatum</i>, with compound <b>4</b> proving to be the most potent. Despite moderate cytotoxicity against the human cancer cell line HepG2, compounds <b>3</b> and <b>4</b> emerge as promising fungicides for combating <i>Septoria tritici</i> blotch, anthracnose, and gray mold.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141464058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-27DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00364
Dejiang Xue, Shuai Jiang, Hui He, René Lametsch, Miao Zhang, Chunbao Li
Hemoglobin is an excellent source of iron supplements, and its hydrolyzate spontaneously binds iron during digestion and promotes iron absorption in vivo. However, the underlying mechanisms of what peptides bind and how they bind iron ions remain unclear. This study prepared the porcine hemoglobin hydrolyzate through enzymatic hydrolysis and acid treatment and investigated the mechanisms of hemoglobin hydrolyzate on iron absorption through the determination of iron levels in dietary intervention mice, iron binding site analyses, peptide digestion analyses, molecular simulation docking, and INT407 cell validation. The results showed that ingestion of the hemoglobin hydrolyzate diets increased iron levels in the blood of mice, accompanied by the upregulation of duodenal iron circulation-related genes such as ferritin, PCBP1, and HP. Carboxyl, imidazole groups, and aromatic amino acid residues were iron binding sites of hemoglobin hydrolyzate during digestion. VDEVGGEA and VDEVGGE were found to involve the spontaneous and efficient binding of hemoglobin hydrolyzate to iron ions in the intestinal cavity. In particular, the DEVGGE peptide was the typical sequence for hemoglobin hydrolytic peptides to exert iron binding activity.
{"title":"Hemoglobin Hydrolyzate Promotes Iron Absorption in the Small Intestine through Iron Binding Peptides","authors":"Dejiang Xue, Shuai Jiang, Hui He, René Lametsch, Miao Zhang, Chunbao Li","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00364","url":null,"abstract":"Hemoglobin is an excellent source of iron supplements, and its hydrolyzate spontaneously binds iron during digestion and promotes iron absorption in vivo. However, the underlying mechanisms of what peptides bind and how they bind iron ions remain unclear. This study prepared the porcine hemoglobin hydrolyzate through enzymatic hydrolysis and acid treatment and investigated the mechanisms of hemoglobin hydrolyzate on iron absorption through the determination of iron levels in dietary intervention mice, iron binding site analyses, peptide digestion analyses, molecular simulation docking, and INT407 cell validation. The results showed that ingestion of the hemoglobin hydrolyzate diets increased iron levels in the blood of mice, accompanied by the upregulation of duodenal iron circulation-related genes such as ferritin, PCBP1, and HP. Carboxyl, imidazole groups, and aromatic amino acid residues were iron binding sites of hemoglobin hydrolyzate during digestion. VDEVGGEA and VDEVGGE were found to involve the spontaneous and efficient binding of hemoglobin hydrolyzate to iron ions in the intestinal cavity. In particular, the DEVGGE peptide was the typical sequence for hemoglobin hydrolytic peptides to exert iron binding activity.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141463699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-27DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c01792
Sherri B Turnipseed, Jessica P Rafson, Christine R Casey
Antibiotic residues may be present in fruit products from trees that were treated to combat bacterial diseases such as citrus greening or blight. A liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) method was developed for the simultaneous determination and identification of streptomycin, kasugamycin, penicillin, and oxytetracycline residues in fruit. Samples were extracted with acidic methanol and separation was optimized for a hydrophilic interaction LC column. A Q-Exactive HRMS instrument was used to obtain product ion spectra for analyte identification. Quantitation was performed with matrix-extracted calibration curves and internal standard correction. The method was tested on many different types of fruit. In general, fortified samples demonstrated acceptable recoveries (82-116%) and reproducibility (<15% RSD). Method detection limits for these analytes were well below the established US EPA tolerance levels. It was also possible to analyze the fruit extracts prepared using this method for additional chemical contaminants using LC-HRMS.
{"title":"Determination and Identification of Antibiotic Residues in Fruits Using Liquid Chromatography-High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (LC-HRMS).","authors":"Sherri B Turnipseed, Jessica P Rafson, Christine R Casey","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.4c01792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.4c01792","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antibiotic residues may be present in fruit products from trees that were treated to combat bacterial diseases such as citrus greening or blight. A liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) method was developed for the simultaneous determination and identification of streptomycin, kasugamycin, penicillin, and oxytetracycline residues in fruit. Samples were extracted with acidic methanol and separation was optimized for a hydrophilic interaction LC column. A Q-Exactive HRMS instrument was used to obtain product ion spectra for analyte identification. Quantitation was performed with matrix-extracted calibration curves and internal standard correction. The method was tested on many different types of fruit. In general, fortified samples demonstrated acceptable recoveries (82-116%) and reproducibility (<15% RSD). Method detection limits for these analytes were well below the established US EPA tolerance levels. It was also possible to analyze the fruit extracts prepared using this method for additional chemical contaminants using LC-HRMS.</p>","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141453729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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