Purpose: Fungal infections are becoming more and more important because of increasing numbers of immunosuppressed patients. Nonetheless, waterborne fungi are associated with variety of health related conditions. Fungi in the aquatic ecosystem perform essential functions in biogeochemical cycles. However, knowledge of fungal communities associated to a particular aquatic ecosystem is important. In the present study, we seek to investigate the fungal distribution and diversity in Ikwe Pond, located in Eket. Methodology: A total of thirty different water points were sampled using 30 thoroughly washed 0.50L sterile plastic containers and cultured on SDA plates with 1ml of dilution factors 10-3 and 10-6 used as inoculums. Six fungal species namely Candida tropicalis, Aspergillus niger. Cryptococcus sp, Absidia sp, Geotricium sp, were isolated from the 30 sampling points. Findings: Upstream recorded a total of 27 spores, midstream had 14 spores while downstream recorded 8 spores. Also the colony count revealed that upstream had the highest number of fungal spores count. Clearly, the upstream (59.3%) and the midstream (78.6%) sampling points were dominated by Aspergillus niger while the downstream water column was dominated by Candida tropicalis (50%). Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: In many countries, there has been little focus on the occurrence of fungi in water which can lead to severe health related issues but with monitoring on the frequency and distribution of fungi in our waters, this perceived health related complications can be checked.
{"title":"Diversity and Distribution of Fungi Associated with “Ikwe Pond” Water Source: Their Impact on Water Quality and Human Health","authors":"E. O. Mbong, E. Edem, Sajjad Hussain, M. Ntekpe","doi":"10.47604/ijes.1773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47604/ijes.1773","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Fungal infections are becoming more and more important because of increasing numbers of immunosuppressed patients. Nonetheless, waterborne fungi are associated with variety of health related conditions. Fungi in the aquatic ecosystem perform essential functions in biogeochemical cycles. However, knowledge of fungal communities associated to a particular aquatic ecosystem is important. In the present study, we seek to investigate the fungal distribution and diversity in Ikwe Pond, located in Eket. \u0000Methodology: A total of thirty different water points were sampled using 30 thoroughly washed 0.50L sterile plastic containers and cultured on SDA plates with 1ml of dilution factors 10-3 and 10-6 used as inoculums. Six fungal species namely Candida tropicalis, Aspergillus niger. Cryptococcus sp, Absidia sp, Geotricium sp, were isolated from the 30 sampling points. \u0000Findings: Upstream recorded a total of 27 spores, midstream had 14 spores while downstream recorded 8 spores. Also the colony count revealed that upstream had the highest number of fungal spores count. Clearly, the upstream (59.3%) and the midstream (78.6%) sampling points were dominated by Aspergillus niger while the downstream water column was dominated by Candida tropicalis (50%). \u0000Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: In many countries, there has been little focus on the occurrence of fungi in water which can lead to severe health related issues but with monitoring on the frequency and distribution of fungi in our waters, this perceived health related complications can be checked.","PeriodicalId":42145,"journal":{"name":"Catrina-The International Journal of Environmental Sciences","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75727842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The study aimed at establishing the economic loss caused by Human - wildlife conflict amongst small scale farmers and government. To achieving the purpose, the research was mainly guided by three objectives. To estimate the economic value of damage in agriculture, to estimate the economic value related with control by killing of problematic animals and effectiveness of response strategies in addressing Human - wildlife conflict. Methodology: The study utilised descriptive research design where primary data was collected from key informants by applying semi-structured interview guide using convenient sampling. Purposive sampling during focus group discussion meetings using focus group discussion guides was administered in Human - wildlife conflict hot spot areas. The researcher further used secondary data to gain more understanding and gather adequate information about the area of study. Therefore, 70% of the affected households from Department of National Parks and Wildlife Human - wildlife conflict SMART raw data was used. Subsequently, Descriptive Statistics, using averages and totals to analyse quantitative data, was used while qualitative data was analysed using Content and Thematic Analysis. Findings: The summary of the results showed that economic damage in agriculture was quite enormous affecting farmers with K180, 317.00 being the highest in the damage range of 25-50 percent. Regarding the estimation on economic value related with problematic animal control by killing, it was established that the government of Zambia incurred huge revenue loss amounting to K 4,318,049.86 if such animals or trophies were sold. On the effectiveness of response strategies, the majority of the participants stated that few measures were put in place to solve Human – wildlife conflict. In Zambia, several researchers and scholars have reviewed Human – wildlife conflict phenomena. However, there has been no study that has sought to establish economic implication on small scale farmers and revenue loss to the government through control by killing of problematic animals. This study therefore seeks to fill this knowledge gap looking at estimation of economic implications of Human – wildlife conflict in the study area. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The results of this study could influence formulation of appropriate mitigation measures and policies for wildlife conservation and revenue recovery from controlled by killed of such animals in Zambia.
{"title":"Economic Implication of Human - wildlife conflict in Lupande Game Management Area – Mambwe District, Eastern Province","authors":"Chilembo Morgan, P. Nyanga","doi":"10.47604/ijes.1758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47604/ijes.1758","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The study aimed at establishing the economic loss caused by Human - wildlife conflict amongst small scale farmers and government. To achieving the purpose, the research was mainly guided by three objectives. To estimate the economic value of damage in agriculture, to estimate the economic value related with control by killing of problematic animals and effectiveness of response strategies in addressing Human - wildlife conflict. \u0000Methodology: The study utilised descriptive research design where primary data was collected from key informants by applying semi-structured interview guide using convenient sampling. Purposive sampling during focus group discussion meetings using focus group discussion guides was administered in Human - wildlife conflict hot spot areas. The researcher further used secondary data to gain more understanding and gather adequate information about the area of study. Therefore, 70% of the affected households from Department of National Parks and Wildlife Human - wildlife conflict SMART raw data was used. Subsequently, Descriptive Statistics, using averages and totals to analyse quantitative data, was used while qualitative data was analysed using Content and Thematic Analysis. \u0000Findings: The summary of the results showed that economic damage in agriculture was quite enormous affecting farmers with K180, 317.00 being the highest in the damage range of 25-50 percent. Regarding the estimation on economic value related with problematic animal control by killing, it was established that the government of Zambia incurred huge revenue loss amounting to K 4,318,049.86 if such animals or trophies were sold. On the effectiveness of response strategies, the majority of the participants stated that few measures were put in place to solve Human – wildlife conflict. In Zambia, several researchers and scholars have reviewed Human – wildlife conflict phenomena. However, there has been no study that has sought to establish economic implication on small scale farmers and revenue loss to the government through control by killing of problematic animals. This study therefore seeks to fill this knowledge gap looking at estimation of economic implications of Human – wildlife conflict in the study area. \u0000Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The results of this study could influence formulation of appropriate mitigation measures and policies for wildlife conservation and revenue recovery from controlled by killed of such animals in Zambia.","PeriodicalId":42145,"journal":{"name":"Catrina-The International Journal of Environmental Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76244838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The majority of district-level carbon stock estimates for the local forests are obsolete and incomplete. Because of this, decisions made by policymakers have an impact on forest regions. This study establishes some baseline information for estimates of the above-ground carbon stocks in the nearby Kanonge forest. Methodology: The use of a sequential explanatory design allowed the quantitative data to be collected and analysed first, and the qualitative data to be collected and analysed later to explain why the variables identified in the first phase are significant predictors of the aboveground carbon stocks. As a result, 15 sample plots were used in the forest, 286 households were sampled on villages within 5km radius to the forest, 8 key informants were sampled from Forestry Department, 8 from Ministry of Agriculture, 10 village head persons and 10 forest users. The quantitative data was collected using forest inventories and household surveys while qualitative data was collected using key informants’ interviews. The allometric equations were used to analyse forest inventory data, logistic regression was used to analyse household survey data and the key informant interviews were analysed using thematic analysis. Findings: The results show that, the above ground biomass and carbon stock were 276.19 ± 7.41 and 155.76 ± 4.18 t ha-1 respectively. The logistic regression results shows that Forest products use, farm size, household size and forest clearing where the significant predictors of the reduction of the aboveground carbon stocks. The results further reveals that there is inadequate intersectoral coordination at district and local level. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Further study should be done to find strategies to sustain carbon stocks in the forest while maintaining the use of the forest by the local communities. This study provides accurate estimates of forest and tree carbon stocks and supports in the development of the district integrated plan in accordance with decentralized policy. This information can therefore be used at the district and federal levels in various carbon programs like REDD+, offering the district the chance to participate in the fight against climate change and global warming.
目的:大多数地区一级的当地森林碳储量估算是过时的和不完整的。正因为如此，决策者做出的决定会对森林地区产生影响。这项研究为估计附近Kanonge森林的地上碳储量建立了一些基线信息。方法:使用顺序解释设计允许首先收集和分析定量数据，然后收集和分析定性数据，以解释为什么在第一阶段确定的变量是地上碳储量的重要预测因子。结果，在森林中使用了15个样地，在森林半径5公里内的村庄抽样286户，从林业部门抽样8人，从农业部抽样8人，从村长和森林使用者中抽样10人。定量数据是通过森林清查和住户调查收集的，而定性数据是通过关键举报人访谈收集的。森林清查数据采用异速生长方程分析，入户调查数据采用logistic回归分析，关键信息者访谈采用专题分析。结果表明:柽柳地上生物量和碳储量分别为276.19±7.41和155.76±4.18 t ha-1;logistic回归结果表明，林产品利用、农场规模、家庭规模和森林砍伐是地上碳储量减少的显著预测因子。结果进一步表明，地区和地方一级的部门间协调不足。对理论、实践和政策的独特贡献:应进一步研究寻找维持森林碳储量的战略，同时保持当地社区对森林的利用。这项研究提供了对森林和树木碳储量的准确估计，并支持根据分散政策制定地区综合计划。因此，这些信息可以在地区和联邦一级用于各种碳计划，如REDD+，为该地区提供参与应对气候变化和全球变暖的机会。
{"title":"Estimation of the Aboveground Carbon Stock in Kanonge Local Forest of Kaputa District in Northern Province, Zambia","authors":"A. Nyirenda","doi":"10.47604/ijes.1757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47604/ijes.1757","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The majority of district-level carbon stock estimates for the local forests are obsolete and incomplete. Because of this, decisions made by policymakers have an impact on forest regions. This study establishes some baseline information for estimates of the above-ground carbon stocks in the nearby Kanonge forest. \u0000Methodology: The use of a sequential explanatory design allowed the quantitative data to be collected and analysed first, and the qualitative data to be collected and analysed later to explain why the variables identified in the first phase are significant predictors of the aboveground carbon stocks. As a result, 15 sample plots were used in the forest, 286 households were sampled on villages within 5km radius to the forest, 8 key informants were sampled from Forestry Department, 8 from Ministry of Agriculture, 10 village head persons and 10 forest users. The quantitative data was collected using forest inventories and household surveys while qualitative data was collected using key informants’ interviews. The allometric equations were used to analyse forest inventory data, logistic regression was used to analyse household survey data and the key informant interviews were analysed using thematic analysis. \u0000Findings: The results show that, the above ground biomass and carbon stock were 276.19 ± 7.41 and 155.76 ± 4.18 t ha-1 respectively. The logistic regression results shows that Forest products use, farm size, household size and forest clearing where the significant predictors of the reduction of the aboveground carbon stocks. The results further reveals that there is inadequate intersectoral coordination at district and local level. \u0000Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Further study should be done to find strategies to sustain carbon stocks in the forest while maintaining the use of the forest by the local communities. This study provides accurate estimates of forest and tree carbon stocks and supports in the development of the district integrated plan in accordance with decentralized policy. This information can therefore be used at the district and federal levels in various carbon programs like REDD+, offering the district the chance to participate in the fight against climate change and global warming.","PeriodicalId":42145,"journal":{"name":"Catrina-The International Journal of Environmental Sciences","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87965341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The land administration system in Nigeria has undergone changes over the years. The quest for a sustainable land administration system is borne out of the interest associated with land ownership. This study investigates the dynamics and issues that affect the land administration system in the south-south geopolitical zone, of Nigeria. Methodology: A survey research method was used in the study. Registered practicing planners constituted the study population and the data for the study were gathered using a questionnaire and secondary data. There were 522 registered practicing town, planners, in the south-south geo-political region at the time of this study and the researchers adopted a census of all the planners as participants in the study. However, only 414 of the censused population correctly filled out and returned copies of the questionnaire. Both qualitative and quantitative tools were used in analyzing the data. Findings: This study demonstrates that political interference, cultural practice, institutional frameworks, finance, existing laws, data quality, manpower and adoption of standards threaten the land administration system in south south geopolitical zone, of Nigeria. However, the financial constraint has the highest mean score of 3.40 and ranks first among the various challenges while data quality scored 2.97 and ranked 7th position among the several issues confronting the land administration system. As revealed by the study, institutional framework and existing laws in the land both ranked 6th position with a mean score of 3.18. The study empirically showed that there is no significant difference in the challenges of land administration systems in by states since the p-value (0.372) is greater than the critical level of alpha (0.05). Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: To enhance the smooth administration of land in Nigeria, the study recommended that government should adequately fund the agencies that are statutorily saddled with the responsibility of designing land administration systems to guarantee interest in land and promote urban development.
{"title":"Dynamics and Issues in Land Administration Systems in South South Cities, Nigeria","authors":"M. Mbee, T. Joseph","doi":"10.47604/ijes.1729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47604/ijes.1729","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The land administration system in Nigeria has undergone changes over the years. The quest for a sustainable land administration system is borne out of the interest associated with land ownership. This study investigates the dynamics and issues that affect the land administration system in the south-south geopolitical zone, of Nigeria. \u0000Methodology: A survey research method was used in the study. Registered practicing planners constituted the study population and the data for the study were gathered using a questionnaire and secondary data. There were 522 registered practicing town, planners, in the south-south geo-political region at the time of this study and the researchers adopted a census of all the planners as participants in the study. However, only 414 of the censused population correctly filled out and returned copies of the questionnaire. Both qualitative and quantitative tools were used in analyzing the data. \u0000Findings: This study demonstrates that political interference, cultural practice, institutional frameworks, finance, existing laws, data quality, manpower and adoption of standards threaten the land administration system in south south geopolitical zone, of Nigeria. However, the financial constraint has the highest mean score of 3.40 and ranks first among the various challenges while data quality scored 2.97 and ranked 7th position among the several issues confronting the land administration system. As revealed by the study, institutional framework and existing laws in the land both ranked 6th position with a mean score of 3.18. The study empirically showed that there is no significant difference in the challenges of land administration systems in by states since the p-value (0.372) is greater than the critical level of alpha (0.05). \u0000Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: To enhance the smooth administration of land in Nigeria, the study recommended that government should adequately fund the agencies that are statutorily saddled with the responsibility of designing land administration systems to guarantee interest in land and promote urban development.","PeriodicalId":42145,"journal":{"name":"Catrina-The International Journal of Environmental Sciences","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88140763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.21608/cat.2022.114258.1115
S. Hany, E. Shendi, H. Monsef, Ebtehal Mohamed, Scot E. Smith
{"title":"Geotechnical Evaluation of Soil for the Suitability of Urban Planning Purposes, Western Bitter Lakes, Suez Canal Region, Egypt","authors":"S. Hany, E. Shendi, H. Monsef, Ebtehal Mohamed, Scot E. Smith","doi":"10.21608/cat.2022.114258.1115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/cat.2022.114258.1115","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42145,"journal":{"name":"Catrina-The International Journal of Environmental Sciences","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73419600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.21608/cat.2022.274373
M. Aly, M. El-Gammal, A. El-Zeiny, Mervat Mossad
Watershed management is critical to sustainable development. The topographical, and hydrogeomor-phological conditions in the western part of the Luxor region give rise to sudden floods. The purpose of the present study is to map the flood hazard zones in the western part of Luxor by using: 1- linear Watershed Index Model (LWIM) through the identification of 24 morphometric parameters; 2- DEM, as input to the GIS environment, using the Arc hydro-Tool; 3- Remote sensing (RS), is built into GIS to detect LU /LC via supervised classification of Landsat images, for the year 1991/2021, and Dreanig density (Dd) maps; 4-Integration of LWIM, Dd, and LU/LC maps. Results indicated that agricultural land increased by approximately (292.7 km 2 ), while urbanization increased by (43 km 2 ) between 1991 and 2021, expanding toward the western structure plateau. This study concluded that flood areas west of Luxor are confined to the desert area west of cities Luxor - Arment, and Isna. These areas represent 13.25 % of the hazard flooding zones. The study proposed to establish small dams with diversion channels in the way of the mainstream channels with high orders 4 th and directed the water of flood to new canals which joined with the main canals in the study area, re-design of the desert zone west of Luxor.
流域管理对可持续发展至关重要。卢克索地区西部的地形和水文地貌条件导致了突发性洪水的发生。本研究的目的是利用1-线性流域指数模型(LWIM)，通过识别24个形态计量参数，绘制卢克索西部洪水危险区;2- DEM，作为GIS环境的输入，使用Arc hydro-Tool;3 .遥感(RS)，通过1991/2021年Landsat图像的监督分类和dream density (Dd)地图，内置在GIS中以检测LU /LC;集成LWIM, Dd和LU/LC地图。结果表明:1991 ~ 2021年，农业用地增加约292.7 km 2，城市化面积增加约43 km 2，并向西部构造高原扩展;本研究认为，卢克索以西的洪涝区仅限于卢克索-阿门特和伊斯纳以西的沙漠地区。这些地区占洪水危险区的13.25%。本研究提出在高阶4号干渠的道路上修建带有导流渠道的小水坝，将洪水引向与研究区主渠连接的新渠道，重新设计卢克索以西的沙漠地带。
{"title":"Flood Hazard Mapping in Western Luxor, Egypt using Remote Sensing and Spatial Analyses","authors":"M. Aly, M. El-Gammal, A. El-Zeiny, Mervat Mossad","doi":"10.21608/cat.2022.274373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/cat.2022.274373","url":null,"abstract":"Watershed management is critical to sustainable development. The topographical, and hydrogeomor-phological conditions in the western part of the Luxor region give rise to sudden floods. The purpose of the present study is to map the flood hazard zones in the western part of Luxor by using: 1- linear Watershed Index Model (LWIM) through the identification of 24 morphometric parameters; 2- DEM, as input to the GIS environment, using the Arc hydro-Tool; 3- Remote sensing (RS), is built into GIS to detect LU /LC via supervised classification of Landsat images, for the year 1991/2021, and Dreanig density (Dd) maps; 4-Integration of LWIM, Dd, and LU/LC maps. Results indicated that agricultural land increased by approximately (292.7 km 2 ), while urbanization increased by (43 km 2 ) between 1991 and 2021, expanding toward the western structure plateau. This study concluded that flood areas west of Luxor are confined to the desert area west of cities Luxor - Arment, and Isna. These areas represent 13.25 % of the hazard flooding zones. The study proposed to establish small dams with diversion channels in the way of the mainstream channels with high orders 4 th and directed the water of flood to new canals which joined with the main canals in the study area, re-design of the desert zone west of Luxor.","PeriodicalId":42145,"journal":{"name":"Catrina-The International Journal of Environmental Sciences","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86269130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.21608/cat.2022.286900
Basma M. Sheta, Israa El-Qenawy, H. El-Gammal
{"title":"Utilization of birds of different mating system behavior and feeding habits as a bioindicator for urbanization lead pollution","authors":"Basma M. Sheta, Israa El-Qenawy, H. El-Gammal","doi":"10.21608/cat.2022.286900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/cat.2022.286900","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42145,"journal":{"name":"Catrina-The International Journal of Environmental Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84716599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.21608/cat.2022.277040
M. Kamel, A. Fouda, S. Rashwan, Osama Marei
Carbon steel is very important because it is widely used in many industrial and engineering fields, such as oil and gas. However, engineering materials accounted for 85% of yearly steel production due to their accessibility and affordability. As a result of strict environmental rules and a growing ecological consciousness among scientists, "green" ways to minimize corrosion have been created. In the current study, burghul extract is demonstrated to be an effective corrosion inhibitor and was utilized as an environmentally acceptable anti-corrosive material for carbon steel in a 1M HCl solution. The effectiveness of mitigation methods such as mass loss, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, frequency modulation, and potentiodynamic polarization (PP) was calculated. Meanwhile, dispersion X-ray (EDX) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) methods were used to analyze surfaces. Results obtained showed that temperature and extract concentration both affect how effective the mitigation is. The inhibition is attributed to the development of a protective layer that slows the dissolution of carbon steel at its surface. The Langmuir model was validated by the adsorption of burghul extract on steel. The adsorption of the extract affected both anodic and cathodic reactions. Tafel curves showed that burghul is a mixed inhibitor. The Nyquist curves confirmed that the burghul extract prevents the disintegration of steel in acidic media without changing the dissolution reaction mechanism. By using ATR-FTIR analysis and SEM inspection, the burghul extract's adsorption on the metal carbon steel was verified. A maximum inhibitory efficacy of 95% was reached at 313 K using 300 ppm of the Burghul extract, which is thought to be a promising result.
{"title":"Burghul Plant Extract as a Green Corrosion Inhibitor for Carbon Steel in Hydrochloric Acid Solution","authors":"M. Kamel, A. Fouda, S. Rashwan, Osama Marei","doi":"10.21608/cat.2022.277040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/cat.2022.277040","url":null,"abstract":"Carbon steel is very important because it is widely used in many industrial and engineering fields, such as oil and gas. However, engineering materials accounted for 85% of yearly steel production due to their accessibility and affordability. As a result of strict environmental rules and a growing ecological consciousness among scientists, \"green\" ways to minimize corrosion have been created. In the current study, burghul extract is demonstrated to be an effective corrosion inhibitor and was utilized as an environmentally acceptable anti-corrosive material for carbon steel in a 1M HCl solution. The effectiveness of mitigation methods such as mass loss, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, frequency modulation, and potentiodynamic polarization (PP) was calculated. Meanwhile, dispersion X-ray (EDX) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) methods were used to analyze surfaces. Results obtained showed that temperature and extract concentration both affect how effective the mitigation is. The inhibition is attributed to the development of a protective layer that slows the dissolution of carbon steel at its surface. The Langmuir model was validated by the adsorption of burghul extract on steel. The adsorption of the extract affected both anodic and cathodic reactions. Tafel curves showed that burghul is a mixed inhibitor. The Nyquist curves confirmed that the burghul extract prevents the disintegration of steel in acidic media without changing the dissolution reaction mechanism. By using ATR-FTIR analysis and SEM inspection, the burghul extract's adsorption on the metal carbon steel was verified. A maximum inhibitory efficacy of 95% was reached at 313 K using 300 ppm of the Burghul extract, which is thought to be a promising result.","PeriodicalId":42145,"journal":{"name":"Catrina-The International Journal of Environmental Sciences","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74396083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.21608/cat.2023.163080.1144
Lamis Ibrahim, A. Saleh, M. Ammar, M. Helmy, Hoda Abd El-Hamid
{"title":"Weed communities of field crops in the Newly Reclaimed lands of Suez Canal region, Egypt","authors":"Lamis Ibrahim, A. Saleh, M. Ammar, M. Helmy, Hoda Abd El-Hamid","doi":"10.21608/cat.2023.163080.1144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/cat.2023.163080.1144","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42145,"journal":{"name":"Catrina-The International Journal of Environmental Sciences","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77345542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vertical electrical sounding, 2-D tomography and hydrogeochemical analysis was applied to investigate dumpsite leachate plume generation, migration and its impact on the surrounding soil and groundwater aquifer at a municipality in the Western Niger Delta. Twelve vertical electrical sounding (VES) was investigated using the Mini-Res Resistivity Meter with the Schlumberger array. The VES survey result was interpreted with Winglink software. Five hand-dug well water and 5 tap/borehole water samples was collected for hydrogeochemical analysis using the sterile plain bottles and 1-litre plastic bottles. Resistivity results delineated 5 layers of lateritic topsoil, sandy clay, fine coarse-sand, medium coarse-sand and coarse sand. The VES and 2-D tomography mapped and identified 2 distinct zones viz:zone of low resistivity of 91Ωm and 394Ωm at depth of 5m to >28m indicating area of leachate contaminant plume and zone of high resistivity value of 422Ωm and 5102Ωm suspected to be dumpsite gases such as NH3, CH4, SO2 and CO2. The 2-D resistivity imaging also revealed that the generated dumpsite leachate contaminant plume was migrating from the Northern part of the burrow-pit dumpsite towards its Eastern part and to the Northern part of the dumpsite at Scot road/Sakponba road. Hydrogeochemical parameter results showed that colour, pH, iron, Lead and coliform bacteria exceeded permissible standard indicating that the leachate plume has migrated to the groundwater aquifer. Closed municipal landfill whose base is made of concrete and paved surfaces should be adopted in the area to prevent leaching of poisonous substances into groundwater aquifer.
{"title":"2-D RESISTIVITY IMAGING AND HYDROGEOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS FOR LEACHATE MIGRATION AT DUMPSITES IN SOUTH-SOUTH NIGERIA","authors":"C. Irunkwor, N. Abanjo","doi":"10.47604/ijes.1615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47604/ijes.1615","url":null,"abstract":"Vertical electrical sounding, 2-D tomography and hydrogeochemical analysis was applied to investigate dumpsite leachate plume generation, migration and its impact on the surrounding soil and groundwater aquifer at a municipality in the Western Niger Delta. Twelve vertical electrical sounding (VES) was investigated using the Mini-Res Resistivity Meter with the Schlumberger array. The VES survey result was interpreted with Winglink software. Five hand-dug well water and 5 tap/borehole water samples was collected for hydrogeochemical analysis using the sterile plain bottles and 1-litre plastic bottles. Resistivity results delineated 5 layers of lateritic topsoil, sandy clay, fine coarse-sand, medium coarse-sand and coarse sand. The VES and 2-D tomography mapped and identified 2 distinct zones viz:zone of low resistivity of 91Ωm and 394Ωm at depth of 5m to >28m indicating area of leachate contaminant plume and zone of high resistivity value of 422Ωm and 5102Ωm suspected to be dumpsite gases such as NH3, CH4, SO2 and CO2. The 2-D resistivity imaging also revealed that the generated dumpsite leachate contaminant plume was migrating from the Northern part of the burrow-pit dumpsite towards its Eastern part and to the Northern part of the dumpsite at Scot road/Sakponba road. Hydrogeochemical parameter results showed that colour, pH, iron, Lead and coliform bacteria exceeded permissible standard indicating that the leachate plume has migrated to the groundwater aquifer. Closed municipal landfill whose base is made of concrete and paved surfaces should be adopted in the area to prevent leaching of poisonous substances into groundwater aquifer.","PeriodicalId":42145,"journal":{"name":"Catrina-The International Journal of Environmental Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77807771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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