Pub Date : 2021-07-29DOI: 10.21608/cat.2021.196712
Reem M. Abdel-Galel, S. Elbanna, F. Semida
Most of the human food resources depend on honeybees; they are the most efficient pollinators that contribute to our ecosystem stability, biodiversity and crop productivity. Honeybees’ foraging behavior is affected by many environmental factors. Daytime, ambient temperature and food availability (nectar and pollen) are the most influencing factors on foraging behavior. Many ecological studies were done to study this behavior, in addition to its seasonal and monthly abundance. In this study, honeybees’ foraging activities, as well as their seasonal and monthly abundance were studied and evaluated. The study was run during the period of 12/2017-11/2018. All beekeeping managements were provided to retain the colony in good condition during the period of the experiment. The obtained results revealed that honeybees have a bimodal daily foraging activity pattern with morning and afternoon peaks. The daily activity pattern of honeybees showed a significant correlation with the measured temperature. Meanwhile, the seasonal abundance of forager bees changed significantly among different seasons with the highest abundance peak during spring. Results also suggest that the honeybees’ activity had a microclimatic window of opportunity for ambient temperatures within which foraging flight can be continued, where their forage temperature was fallen within the range of 20°C to 28°C.
{"title":"Foraging rhythm of honeybees Apis mellifera in Ismailia, Egypt","authors":"Reem M. Abdel-Galel, S. Elbanna, F. Semida","doi":"10.21608/cat.2021.196712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/cat.2021.196712","url":null,"abstract":"Most of the human food resources depend on honeybees; they are the most efficient pollinators that contribute to our ecosystem stability, biodiversity and crop productivity. Honeybees’ foraging behavior is affected by many environmental factors. Daytime, ambient temperature and food availability (nectar and pollen) are the most influencing factors on foraging behavior. Many ecological studies were done to study this behavior, in addition to its seasonal and monthly abundance. In this study, honeybees’ foraging activities, as well as their seasonal and monthly abundance were studied and evaluated. The study was run during the period of 12/2017-11/2018. All beekeeping managements were provided to retain the colony in good condition during the period of the experiment. The obtained results revealed that honeybees have a bimodal daily foraging activity pattern with morning and afternoon peaks. The daily activity pattern of honeybees showed a significant correlation with the measured temperature. Meanwhile, the seasonal abundance of forager bees changed significantly among different seasons with the highest abundance peak during spring. Results also suggest that the honeybees’ activity had a microclimatic window of opportunity for ambient temperatures within which foraging flight can be continued, where their forage temperature was fallen within the range of 20°C to 28°C.","PeriodicalId":42145,"journal":{"name":"Catrina-The International Journal of Environmental Sciences","volume":"94 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80667254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-13DOI: 10.21608/cat.2021.204488
R. Shahda, M. El-Bana, Mona El Bous, M. Zaghloul
Studying the factors affecting plants distribution is important for designing a sound management under both current and expected climate change. The present study aims to assess the distribution of Pluchea dioscoridis (L.) DC. and the main environmental factors affecting it along a gradient of aridity. Twenty-two stands distributed latitudinal were surveyed where vegetation was investigated and soil samples were collected and analyzed. A significant difference between soil characteristics at the studied stands was detected. Sixty-two species (34 perennials and 28 annuals) belong to thirty-one families were identified with Asteraceae, Chenopodiaceae and Poaceae as the most represented families. Therophytes followed by Chamaephytes are the highest recorded life forms. The highest represented chorotype elements are the Mediterranean (37.3%) followed by Saharo-Sindian (35.6%). TWINSPAN analysis identified three vegetation assemblages. Each one is connected with at least one main climate region and associated species. The Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) showed that water content, chlorides, NaCl, potassium, sodium, calcium, clay and organic matter are the most effective edaphic factors, while precipitation, relative humidity, dew point, temperature, minimum and maximum temperature are the most effective climatic factors on P. dioscoridis distribution. In conclusion, the results revealed that P. dioscoridis able to survive under a wide range of edaphic and climatic conditions. Its distribution is mainly affected positively by water-related and negatively by salinity factors. So, it is expected that distribtution of P. dioscoridis would be affected by any increase in aridity under the anticipated climate change.
{"title":"Distribution of Pluchea dioscoridis plant community types in relation to the combined effect of soil and climate","authors":"R. Shahda, M. El-Bana, Mona El Bous, M. Zaghloul","doi":"10.21608/cat.2021.204488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/cat.2021.204488","url":null,"abstract":"Studying the factors affecting plants distribution is important for designing a sound management under both current and expected climate change. The present study aims to assess the distribution of Pluchea dioscoridis (L.) DC. and the main environmental factors affecting it along a gradient of aridity. Twenty-two stands distributed latitudinal were surveyed where vegetation was investigated and soil samples were collected and analyzed. A significant difference between soil characteristics at the studied stands was detected. Sixty-two species (34 perennials and 28 annuals) belong to thirty-one families were identified with Asteraceae, Chenopodiaceae and Poaceae as the most represented families. Therophytes followed by Chamaephytes are the highest recorded life forms. The highest represented chorotype elements are the Mediterranean (37.3%) followed by Saharo-Sindian (35.6%). TWINSPAN analysis identified three vegetation assemblages. Each one is connected with at least one main climate region and associated species. The Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) showed that water content, chlorides, NaCl, potassium, sodium, calcium, clay and organic matter are the most effective edaphic factors, while precipitation, relative humidity, dew point, temperature, minimum and maximum temperature are the most effective climatic factors on P. dioscoridis distribution. In conclusion, the results revealed that P. dioscoridis able to survive under a wide range of edaphic and climatic conditions. Its distribution is mainly affected positively by water-related and negatively by salinity factors. So, it is expected that distribtution of P. dioscoridis would be affected by any increase in aridity under the anticipated climate change.","PeriodicalId":42145,"journal":{"name":"Catrina-The International Journal of Environmental Sciences","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84755823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-12DOI: 10.21608/CAT.2020.122753
F. Ibraheem, Eman M. El-Ghareeb
In this study, the effects of sufficient and deficient soil N on the growth and physiology performance of maize inbreds (B73, Mo17, Sids7 and Sids63) and hybrids (B73 × Mo17 and Sids7 × Sids63) were simultaneously monitored. This was done at rapid growth phase to have better understanding of the inbred/hybrid growth and physiological relationships. B73 and Sids7 maintained superior growth over Mo17 and Sids63. Their superiority was associated with larger leaf area, lower SLA, high levels of photosynthetic pigment, sucrose, ammonia-N, amino-N, total N and NUE under both N treatments. Hybrids surpassed their parental inbreds in growth and leaf features under the same N rates. Sids7 × Sid63 had higher biomass and faster growth rate than B73 × Mo17 and its superiority was associated with higher leaf area, smaller SLA and greater leaf N. N limitation reduced growth and physiological components in all genotypes, although at significantly different magnitudes. In contrast, limited N induced different levels of starch accumulation in all genotypes indicating variable degrees of disruption of source-sink relationships. The improved growth of B73, Sids7 and the hybrids under sufficient and limited N supply is shaped by a combination of larger leaf area, smaller SLA, higher leaf N, efficient resource utilization, and maintaining proper source-sink relations.
{"title":"Growth and physiological responses of maize inbreds and their related hybrids under sufficient and deficient soil nitrogen","authors":"F. Ibraheem, Eman M. El-Ghareeb","doi":"10.21608/CAT.2020.122753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/CAT.2020.122753","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the effects of sufficient and deficient soil N on the growth and physiology performance of maize inbreds (B73, Mo17, Sids7 and Sids63) and hybrids (B73 × Mo17 and Sids7 × Sids63) were simultaneously monitored. This was done at rapid growth phase to have better understanding of the inbred/hybrid growth and physiological relationships. B73 and Sids7 maintained superior growth over Mo17 and Sids63. Their superiority was associated with larger leaf area, lower SLA, high levels of photosynthetic pigment, sucrose, ammonia-N, amino-N, total N and NUE under both N treatments. Hybrids surpassed their parental inbreds in growth and leaf features under the same N rates. Sids7 × Sid63 had higher biomass and faster growth rate than B73 × Mo17 and its superiority was associated with higher leaf area, smaller SLA and greater leaf N. N limitation reduced growth and physiological components in all genotypes, although at significantly different magnitudes. In contrast, limited N induced different levels of starch accumulation in all genotypes indicating variable degrees of disruption of source-sink relationships. The improved growth of B73, Sids7 and the hybrids under sufficient and limited N supply is shaped by a combination of larger leaf area, smaller SLA, higher leaf N, efficient resource utilization, and maintaining proper source-sink relations.","PeriodicalId":42145,"journal":{"name":"Catrina-The International Journal of Environmental Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79278749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-01DOI: 10.21608/CAT.2020.28662.1054
Jelan Mofeed
Despite the great importance of pharmaceutical products in our daily life, they have negative effects on the environment; where it may threatens many non-target organisms. The present study provides an integrated framework of contribution to understanding the toxicity of three commonly used pharmaceutical products (amoxicillin, naproxen and tramadol) on the micro-green alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata. The impact of pharmaceutical pollution on aquatic organisms can be evaluated by assessing its physiological response. The alga was exposed to sub-lethal concentrations (LC10, LC25 and LC50) of each tested pharmaceutical to determine its impact on growth behavior, pigments, total lipids, protein and carbohydrate contents. The obtained results clarified that, exposure to the pharmaceuticals by their sub-lethal concentrations mostly resulted in a decrease in cell density up to 66.25% by amoxicillin and 37.24% by tramadol within LC50, although exposure to low naproxen concentration promoted cell density (up to 21.7%) after 24h. Amoxicillin (67.74 97.44%) followed by tramadol (59.6793.55%) significantly reduced the content of the pigment after 96h but in a different manner, however except within LC50, naproxen induced both carotenoids (4.5511.61%) and chlorophyll-a (1.54 9.23%) during the first 24h. The tested pharmaceuticals also reducing protein, carbohydrates and total lipid content of P.subcapitata at the end of the experiment by ratios up to 96.7, 86.2 and 74.9% respectively. Due to the dramatic effects of pharmaceuticals on the aquatic non-target organisms all new pharmaceutical products must undergo an environmental risk assessment test during and after the development of the product to obtain marketing approval.
{"title":"Effects of Three Commonly Used Pharmaceutical products on Biochemical parameters of the Micro-alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (Under Laboratory Conditions)","authors":"Jelan Mofeed","doi":"10.21608/CAT.2020.28662.1054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/CAT.2020.28662.1054","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the great importance of pharmaceutical products in our daily life, they have negative effects on the environment; where it may threatens many non-target organisms. The present study provides an integrated framework of contribution to understanding the toxicity of three commonly used pharmaceutical products (amoxicillin, naproxen and tramadol) on the micro-green alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata. The impact of pharmaceutical pollution on aquatic organisms can be evaluated by assessing its physiological response. The alga was exposed to sub-lethal concentrations (LC10, LC25 and LC50) of each tested pharmaceutical to determine its impact on growth behavior, pigments, total lipids, protein and carbohydrate contents. The obtained results clarified that, exposure to the pharmaceuticals by their sub-lethal concentrations mostly resulted in a decrease in cell density up to 66.25% by amoxicillin and 37.24% by tramadol within LC50, although exposure to low naproxen concentration promoted cell density (up to 21.7%) after 24h. Amoxicillin (67.74 97.44%) followed by tramadol (59.6793.55%) significantly reduced the content of the pigment after 96h but in a different manner, however except within LC50, naproxen induced both carotenoids (4.5511.61%) and chlorophyll-a (1.54 9.23%) during the first 24h. The tested pharmaceuticals also reducing protein, carbohydrates and total lipid content of P.subcapitata at the end of the experiment by ratios up to 96.7, 86.2 and 74.9% respectively. Due to the dramatic effects of pharmaceuticals on the aquatic non-target organisms all new pharmaceutical products must undergo an environmental risk assessment test during and after the development of the product to obtain marketing approval.","PeriodicalId":42145,"journal":{"name":"Catrina-The International Journal of Environmental Sciences","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80111340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-01DOI: 10.12816/CAT.2020.19477.1034
D. Radwan, A. El-Shabasy
Abstract: This study aims to compare five species of Heliotropium collected from Jazan region, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. This comparison was carried out on basis of morphology, pigments content, proteins, total phenolics, flavonoids as well as their antioxidant activity. According to similarity matrix and cluster analysis, H. longiflorum and H. zeylanicum were closely related while H. pterocarpum and H. zeylanicum were distantly related species. The variation in pigments content of the five studied species of Heliotropium was obvious. H. zeylanicum recorded the highest content of pigments while H. bacciferum was the lowest. Moreover, H. jizanense and H. pterocarpum had almost similar pigments content. Proteins, phenolics and flavonoids showed noticeable variation among the tested species. In other words, H. zeylanicum and H. bacciferum had the highest contents of proteins, phenolics and flavonoids and H. jizanense had lowest and the difference was significant. Meanwhile, the total antioxidant activity was variable among species. Higher antioxidant activity was detected in H. zeylanicum (93%) and H. bacciferum (84%) while H. pterocarpum (34.5%).
{"title":"Comparative analysis of five Heliotropium species in phenotypic correlations, biochemical constituents and antioxidant properties","authors":"D. Radwan, A. El-Shabasy","doi":"10.12816/CAT.2020.19477.1034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/CAT.2020.19477.1034","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: This study aims to compare five species of Heliotropium collected from Jazan region, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. This comparison was carried out on basis of morphology, pigments content, proteins, total phenolics, flavonoids as well as their antioxidant activity. According to similarity matrix and cluster analysis, H. longiflorum and H. zeylanicum were closely related while H. pterocarpum and H. zeylanicum were distantly related species. The variation in pigments content of the five studied species of Heliotropium was obvious. H. zeylanicum recorded the highest content of pigments while H. bacciferum was the lowest. Moreover, H. jizanense and H. pterocarpum had almost similar pigments content. Proteins, phenolics and flavonoids showed noticeable variation among the tested species. In other words, H. zeylanicum and H. bacciferum had the highest contents of proteins, phenolics and flavonoids and H. jizanense had lowest and the difference was significant. Meanwhile, the total antioxidant activity was variable among species. Higher antioxidant activity was detected in H. zeylanicum (93%) and H. bacciferum (84%) while H. pterocarpum (34.5%).","PeriodicalId":42145,"journal":{"name":"Catrina-The International Journal of Environmental Sciences","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87564609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-01DOI: 10.21608/CAT.2020.24051.1042
G. Gabr, M. Masood, E. Radwan, K. Radwan, Aml Zaki Ghoenim
The bivalves have capability to accumulate the toxicant substances as heavy metals in their body tissues, therefore, they might be used as a good bio-indicators of water contamination. The present work aimed to measure the concentration of Cd, Cu, Pb, Mn, and Zn in the soft tissues of Ruditapes decussatus which collected between December 2018 and February 2019 from two sites of Mediterranean Sea. One from Alexandrian Port (Site I) and the other from Port Said (Site II), Egypt, as well as to estimate the potential physiological change of the clam affected by these pollutants. Samples from Site I gives comparatively higher water salinity and metals concentration in soft tissues. The statistical analysis shows significant increase in the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) while superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase were found decreased in the R. decussatus soft tissue collected from Site I. The correlation coefficient of physicochemical parameters, heavy metals and oxidative stress biomarkers in Site I shows that glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase have positive correlation with acetylcholinesterase (r=0.912) and (r=0.929), respectively. SOD, on the other hand, was having negative correlation with MDA (r= -0.886). The reported values in this study are considered as basic data in monitor of the anthropogenic activities in future along the coast, as well as it is starter point in assessment of pollution that maybe effect on the aquatic organisms in the Mediterranean marine environment.
{"title":"Potential Effects of Heavy Metals Bioaccumulation on Oxidative stress Enzymes of Mediterranean clam Ruditapes decussatus","authors":"G. Gabr, M. Masood, E. Radwan, K. Radwan, Aml Zaki Ghoenim","doi":"10.21608/CAT.2020.24051.1042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/CAT.2020.24051.1042","url":null,"abstract":"The bivalves have capability to accumulate the toxicant substances as heavy metals in their body tissues, therefore, they might be used as a good bio-indicators of water contamination. The present work aimed to measure the concentration of Cd, Cu, Pb, Mn, and Zn in the soft tissues of Ruditapes decussatus which collected between December 2018 and February 2019 from two sites of Mediterranean Sea. One from Alexandrian Port (Site I) and the other from Port Said (Site II), Egypt, as well as to estimate the potential physiological change of the clam affected by these pollutants. Samples from Site I gives comparatively higher water salinity and metals concentration in soft tissues. The statistical analysis shows significant increase in the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) while superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase were found decreased in the R. decussatus soft tissue collected from Site I. The correlation coefficient of physicochemical parameters, heavy metals and oxidative stress biomarkers in Site I shows that glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase have positive correlation with acetylcholinesterase (r=0.912) and (r=0.929), respectively. SOD, on the other hand, was having negative correlation with MDA (r= -0.886). The reported values in this study are considered as basic data in monitor of the anthropogenic activities in future along the coast, as well as it is starter point in assessment of pollution that maybe effect on the aquatic organisms in the Mediterranean marine environment.","PeriodicalId":42145,"journal":{"name":"Catrina-The International Journal of Environmental Sciences","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89757026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. El-Sonbati, Omnya El-Battrawy, Ebtsam Elawadly, T. Hegazy
This study aims to characterize the dairy industry wastewater and evaluate the efficiency of chemical coagulation and advanced oxidation process (AOPs) as pretreatment techniques. A composite sample was collected from diary industry plant at New Damietta City on March 2018 and characterized for some physicochemical parameters to check the pollution potential of the effluents. Due to the high content of total suspended solids, chemical coagulation/precipitation process using lime, alum/lime and alum/polyacrylamide was applied for pretreatment of the collected sample and the optimum conditions were determined. Moreover, chemical coagulation using alum/lime followed by AOPs with Fenton’s reagent was also assessed. The results showed that the concentration of COD is 112000 mg/L while for BOD is 78000 mg/L. In addition, the removal percentage of oil and grease, COD, total phosphorous (TP) and total Khejdal (TKN) by Fenton’s reaction after treatment with alum-lime are 86, 85, 99.35 and 99.03 %, respectively compared with that achieved by alum-lime (86.82, 73.11, 91.8 and 54.93 %, respectively). It was concluded that combining chemical coagulation/precipitation and AOPs was effective for the pretreatment of high organic load dairy wastewater.
{"title":"Pretreatment of High Organic Load Dairy Industry Wastewater by Chemical Coagulation and Advanced Oxidation Processes","authors":"M. El-Sonbati, Omnya El-Battrawy, Ebtsam Elawadly, T. Hegazy","doi":"10.21608/CAT.2020.94172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/CAT.2020.94172","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to characterize the dairy industry wastewater and evaluate the efficiency of chemical coagulation and advanced oxidation process (AOPs) as pretreatment techniques. A composite sample was collected from diary industry plant at New Damietta City on March 2018 and characterized for some physicochemical parameters to check the pollution potential of the effluents. Due to the high content of total suspended solids, chemical coagulation/precipitation process using lime, alum/lime and alum/polyacrylamide was applied for pretreatment of the collected sample and the optimum conditions were determined. Moreover, chemical coagulation using alum/lime followed by AOPs with Fenton’s reagent was also assessed. The results showed that the concentration of COD is 112000 mg/L while for BOD is 78000 mg/L. In addition, the removal percentage of oil and grease, COD, total phosphorous (TP) and total Khejdal (TKN) by Fenton’s reaction after treatment with alum-lime are 86, 85, 99.35 and 99.03 %, respectively compared with that achieved by alum-lime (86.82, 73.11, 91.8 and 54.93 %, respectively). It was concluded that combining chemical coagulation/precipitation and AOPs was effective for the pretreatment of high organic load dairy wastewater.","PeriodicalId":42145,"journal":{"name":"Catrina-The International Journal of Environmental Sciences","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76119616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-01DOI: 10.21608/CAT.2020.20921.1036
Rawhia H. Ramadan, Abla D. Abdel-Meguid, M. Emara
Green synthesis of silver and chitosan nanoparticles have been achieved using Nerium.oleander and Aloe vera leaf extract as reducing agents. The formation of nanoparticles was quantified by UV-vis spectroscopy of wave length from 200-700. TEM, XRD and FTIR were used for characterization. The present investigation was carried out to assess the activity of antioxidant enzymes, SOD, CAT, GPx and GST in third instar larvae of Musca domestica under the effect of methanol leaf extract, synthesized silver and chitosan nanoparticles and the LC50 was used for biochemical assay. The activity of antioxidant enzymes in M. domestica larvae were varied with the time where an increase in SOD activity was recorded after 24hrs in methanol extract and AgNPs treated larvae, then decreased again after 48hrs. In CsNPs treated larvae, SOD induced a continuously decreased activity at all times of investigation. CAT activity followed the same trend of SOD. After 48hrs of treatment the activity of GPs was significantly decreased in all treated groups, at 1% and 5% level of significance in larvae treated with chitosan Nerium and chitosan A. vera, respectively. After an increase in GST activity at 24hrs, a decrease was noticed after 48hrs. From the present study, the use of N. oleander and A. vera as methanol crude extracts to synthesize silver and chitosan nanoparticles could be a new approach for the control of house flies.
{"title":"Effects of synthesized silver and chitosan nanoparticles using Nerium oleander and Aloe vera on antioxidant enzymes in Musca domestica","authors":"Rawhia H. Ramadan, Abla D. Abdel-Meguid, M. Emara","doi":"10.21608/CAT.2020.20921.1036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/CAT.2020.20921.1036","url":null,"abstract":"Green synthesis of silver and chitosan nanoparticles have been achieved using Nerium.oleander and Aloe vera leaf extract as reducing agents. The formation of nanoparticles was quantified by UV-vis spectroscopy of wave length from 200-700. TEM, XRD and FTIR were used for characterization. The present investigation was carried out to assess the activity of antioxidant enzymes, SOD, CAT, GPx and GST in third instar larvae of Musca domestica under the effect of methanol leaf extract, synthesized silver and chitosan nanoparticles and the LC50 was used for biochemical assay. The activity of antioxidant enzymes in M. domestica larvae were varied with the time where an increase in SOD activity was recorded after 24hrs in methanol extract and AgNPs treated larvae, then decreased again after 48hrs. In CsNPs treated larvae, SOD induced a continuously decreased activity at all times of investigation. CAT activity followed the same trend of SOD. After 48hrs of treatment the activity of GPs was significantly decreased in all treated groups, at 1% and 5% level of significance in larvae treated with chitosan Nerium and chitosan A. vera, respectively. After an increase in GST activity at 24hrs, a decrease was noticed after 48hrs. From the present study, the use of N. oleander and A. vera as methanol crude extracts to synthesize silver and chitosan nanoparticles could be a new approach for the control of house flies.","PeriodicalId":42145,"journal":{"name":"Catrina-The International Journal of Environmental Sciences","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82743489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-01DOI: 10.12816/CAT.2020.27080.1049
Jelan Mofeed
Bardawil Lagoon is a source of wildlife and high-quality fish, so, it is imperative that it should be subject to continuous monitoring of both water quality and the phytoplankton composition. Samples were collected from ten sites representing different habitats of the lagoon, from summer 2017 to spring 2018. The water properties were determined; noticeable low concentrations of dissolved inorganic nutrients were recorded. A total of 106 species belonging to six groups were recorded, among them Bacillariophyta (69 species) and Dinophyta (26 species). The obtained results clarify that Bacillariophytes prevailed in the eastern sites of Bardawil; on the contrary, Dinophytes occupied the sovereignty in the western sites of the lagoon. The most abundant Bacillariophytes were Licmophora gracilis, Gyrosigma acuminatum, Fragilaria construens, and Nitzschia sigmoidea; which formed more than 50% of total abounded diatoms. While, Protoperidinium leonis, Prorocentrum gracile and Protoperidinium granii were the dominant Dinophytes, giving it maximum at El-Rewak. From reviewing previous studies on the lagoon, it becomes clear that the phytoplankton composition varied widely from previously recorded, including the dominant species and their rates of sovereignty, which reflected economically on its fish productivity. Besides, the water quality in Bardawil fluctuated from slightly-polluted to moderately-polluted according to the diversity index, as a result of the recent, noticeable increase in human activities, especially fishing, which will be in turn reflected in the environment. Therefore, continuous follow-up through ecological assessment and monitoring studies of Bardawil became an urgent necessity.
{"title":"Monitoring for the abundance and distribution of phytoplankton along the hypersaline Bardawil Lagoon, in Northern Sinai, Egypt (Multivariate Analysis Approach)","authors":"Jelan Mofeed","doi":"10.12816/CAT.2020.27080.1049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/CAT.2020.27080.1049","url":null,"abstract":"Bardawil Lagoon is a source of wildlife and high-quality fish, so, it is imperative that it should be subject to continuous monitoring of both water quality and the phytoplankton composition. Samples were collected from ten sites representing different habitats of the lagoon, from summer 2017 to spring 2018. The water properties were determined; noticeable low concentrations of dissolved inorganic nutrients were recorded. A total of 106 species belonging to six groups were recorded, among them Bacillariophyta (69 species) and Dinophyta (26 species). The obtained results clarify that Bacillariophytes prevailed in the eastern sites of Bardawil; on the contrary, Dinophytes occupied the sovereignty in the western sites of the lagoon. The most abundant Bacillariophytes were Licmophora gracilis, Gyrosigma acuminatum, Fragilaria construens, and Nitzschia sigmoidea; which formed more than 50% of total abounded diatoms. While, Protoperidinium leonis, Prorocentrum gracile and Protoperidinium granii were the dominant Dinophytes, giving it maximum at El-Rewak. From reviewing previous studies on the lagoon, it becomes clear that the phytoplankton composition varied widely from previously recorded, including the dominant species and their rates of sovereignty, which reflected economically on its fish productivity. Besides, the water quality in Bardawil fluctuated from slightly-polluted to moderately-polluted according to the diversity index, as a result of the recent, noticeable increase in human activities, especially fishing, which will be in turn reflected in the environment. Therefore, continuous follow-up through ecological assessment and monitoring studies of Bardawil became an urgent necessity.","PeriodicalId":42145,"journal":{"name":"Catrina-The International Journal of Environmental Sciences","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81549941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-01DOI: 10.21608/CAT.2020.21724.1038
A. Nwachukwu, B. Ephraim, N. Nwachukwu, C. Uwa
Time series datasets have been used to study the variability in Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) concentration and the effect of atmospheric Oxygen (O2) on their emission from a VOC contaminated site in the US. The datasets were logged by means of an in-borehole gas monitor, the Gasclam (Ionscience, UK). Graphical illustrations of the data show both the VOC concentration and O2 to be temporally variable. However, to determine how much control O2 has on the variability in VOC concentration, Regression Analysis was used. The result shows VOC concentration and O2 to have negative correlations of 0.7134, 0.0058, 0.4558, 0.4105, 0.8162, 0.0982 in boreholes A, C, E, G, I, K respectively. This analysis shows O2 to be the dominant control on the variability in and therefore emission of VOC concentration two (A and I) of the six monitored boreholes in this site. Being the only borehole with the highest negative R2 value, borehole I was reanalysed and the R2 considered over different periods of rising and falling limb O2 with the result showing that O2 was the dominant control on VOC concentrations during 90% of the entire monitoring period. The dominant controls in the variability of VOC concentration in the remaining boreholes need be determined. This is because, understanding their controls will help to predict how VOC concentration will change in future. Also, given that VOC can be dangerous even at trace concentrations; this site is recommended for remediation.
{"title":"The Effect of Atmospheric Oxygen on the Emission of Volatile Organic Compounds from Contaminated Sites","authors":"A. Nwachukwu, B. Ephraim, N. Nwachukwu, C. Uwa","doi":"10.21608/CAT.2020.21724.1038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/CAT.2020.21724.1038","url":null,"abstract":"Time series datasets have been used to study the variability in Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) concentration and the effect of atmospheric Oxygen (O2) on their emission from a VOC contaminated site in the US. The datasets were logged by means of an in-borehole gas monitor, the Gasclam (Ionscience, UK). Graphical illustrations of the data show both the VOC concentration and O2 to be temporally variable. However, to determine how much control O2 has on the variability in VOC concentration, Regression Analysis was used. The result shows VOC concentration and O2 to have negative correlations of 0.7134, 0.0058, 0.4558, 0.4105, 0.8162, 0.0982 in boreholes A, C, E, G, I, K respectively. This analysis shows O2 to be the dominant control on the variability in and therefore emission of VOC concentration two (A and I) of the six monitored boreholes in this site. Being the only borehole with the highest negative R2 value, borehole I was reanalysed and the R2 considered over different periods of rising and falling limb O2 with the result showing that O2 was the dominant control on VOC concentrations during 90% of the entire monitoring period. The dominant controls in the variability of VOC concentration in the remaining boreholes need be determined. This is because, understanding their controls will help to predict how VOC concentration will change in future. Also, given that VOC can be dangerous even at trace concentrations; this site is recommended for remediation.","PeriodicalId":42145,"journal":{"name":"Catrina-The International Journal of Environmental Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89528958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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