Science Bulletin最新文献

Understanding wetland change is critical to establishing and implementing international conservation and management conventions. With such knowledge, supporting sustainable development, making management decisions, improving policies, and conducting scientific research become possible. However, consistent information on changes in Chinese wetlands has been unavailable. We applied the hybrid object-based and hierarchical classification approach to ∼53,000 scenes of Landsat images acquired between 1980 and 2020 and created a national wetland mapping product (China_Wetlands) for six periods (e.g., 1980, 1990, 2000, 2010, 2015, and 2020). China_Wetlands revealed diverse changes in Chinese wetlands and their trajectories in response to climate change and human impacts over the past four decades. Specifically, there was a substantial shrinkage in wetland area before 2015, with a small rebound between 2015 and 2020. The net loss was ∼60.9 × 10³ km², which represents 12 % of the area in 1980. However, the loss of natural wetlands was hidden by human-made wetland gain with an offset of 15.6 × 10³ km². Additionally, the expansion of surface water extent approximately 14.0 × 10³ km² obscured the loss of vegetated wetlands. Wetland loss in hotspot areas (e.g., Sanjiang Plain and Yangtze River Delta) should not be neglected. The sustainable management and effective conservation of wetlands in China should target wetland areas, landscape structures, and small wetlands delivering important ecosystem services. Moreover, the conversion of wetland types and the invasion of alien species need to be monitored and regulated. China_Wetlands will be a critical wetland dataset for ecological research and the assessment of national and global environmental objectives (e.g., the United Nation's sustainable development goals).

The dendrite and corrosion issues still remain for zinc anodes. Interface modification of anodes has been widely used for stabilizing zinc anodes. However, it is still quite challenging for such modification to simultaneously suppress zinc dendrites and corrosion issues. Herein, we propose a new strategy of buried interface engineering to effectively stabilize Zn anodes, in which a zincophilic Sn layer is buried by a corrosion-resistant ZnS layer (SZS). The buried Sn layer has a strong adsorption energy towards Zn atoms, which accelerates the nucleation of Zn atoms and induces smooth deposition. Meanwhile, the outer ZnS layer protects the newly deposited zinc layer from the corrosion by the electrolyte. As a result, the SZS@Zn symmetric cell demonstrates stable cycling for over 280 h compared to Bare Zn (41 h) at a high current of 10 mA cm^-2 and a high areal capacity of 10 mAh cm^-2. Besides, SZS@Zn//MnO₂ full cells also achieve enhanced long-term cycling stability of 63.6% for 1000 cycles at a high rate of 10 C, compared to Bare Zn (47.2%). This work provides a new strategy of buried interface for the rational design of highly stable metal anodes for other metal batteries.

Photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) generation is largely subject to the sluggish conversion kinetics of the superoxide radical (O₂^⋅-) intermediate, which has relatively low reactivity and requires high energy. Here, we present a lattice-strain strategy to accelerate the conversion of O₂^⋅- to highly active singlet oxygen(¹O₂) by optimizing the distance between two adjacent active sites, thereby stimulating H₂O₂ generation via low-barrier oxygen-oxygen coupling. As the initial demonstration, the defect-induced strain in ZnIn₂S₄ nanosheet optimizes the distance of two adjacent Zn sites from 3.85 to 3.56 Å, resulting in that ZnIn₂S₄ with 0.7% compressive strain affords 3086.00 μmol g^-1 h^-1 yield of H₂O₂ with sacrificial agent. This performance is attributed to the strain-induced enhancement of electron coupling between the compressed adjacent Zn sites, which promotes low-barrier oxygen-oxygen coupling to active ¹O₂ intermediate. This finding paves the way for atomic-scale manipulation of reactive sites, offering a promising approach for efficient H₂O₂ photosynthesis.