Science Bulletin最新文献

Combination therapy is a widely used clinical strategy to enhance treatment efficacy against solid tumors. However, the diversity of medicinal drugs and the complexity of in vivo delivery processes present significant challenges for the rational selection and efficient delivery of drug combinations. As a proof of concept, we herein developed an omics-based high-throughput drug screening platform, pharmacotranscriptomic signature enrichment analysis (PSEA), for the prediction of drug combinations of resiquimod (R848) to improve macrophage-mediated cancer immunotherapy. By comparing the critical transcriptional signatures of R848 with chemical perturbation signatures from the LINCS database, PSEA identified mitoxantrone (MIT) as a promising candidate. We then engineered an MIT/R848 co-loaded hydrogel (MIT/R848@Gel) and tested its therapeutic effect in multiple tumor models including the MMTV-PyMT transgenic mouse tumor and VX2 rabbit tumor. Local injection of MIT/R848@Gel not only suppressed the growth of primary tumors but also potently inhibited tumor recurrence and metastasis by eliciting durable and robust systemic antitumor immune responses, resulting in long-term remission in a high percentage of animals. Transcriptional and flow cytometry results indicated that MIT/R848@Gel remarkably reprogrammed immunosuppressive macrophages toward an antitumor phenotype and effectively activated the antitumor effect of cytotoxic T cells. This study establishes a novel framework integrating omics-driven drug discovery with localized combination therapy for enhanced cancer immunotherapy.

Recent experimental advances have uncovered fractional Chern insulator (FCI) states in twisted MoTe₂ (tMoTe₂) systems under zero magnetic field. Understanding the interaction effects on topological phases within realistic model presents a significant theoretical challenge. Here, we construct a moiré superlattice model tailored for tMoTe₂ and conduct investigations using state-of-the-art tensor-network methods. Our ground-state calculations reveal a rich variety of interaction-driven and filling-dependent topological phases, including FCIs, Chern insulators, and generalized Wigner crystals, which are revealed in recent experiments. For FCI state, dynamical simulations uncover a single-particle excitation continuum with a finite charge gap, reflecting the fractionalized charge excitations. Finite-temperature calculations further determine characteristic charge activation and ferromagnetic transition temperatures, reconciling existing experimental discrepancies. Furthermore, using this realistic lattice model, we predict the presence of quantum anomalous Hall crystals exhibiting integer Hall conductivity at fractional fillings in tMoTe₂. By integrating ground-state, finite-temperature, and dynamical analyses, our work establishes a comprehensive framework for understanding correlated topological phases in tMoTe₂ and related moiré systems.

While intramolecular cyclization effectively modulates photoelectronic properties of multi-resonance (MR)-thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters, simultaneous narrowing full width at half maxima (FWHM) of spectra and accelerating reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) remain a formidable challenge. Here, we introduce a phosphorus-carbon-bridged cyclization in MR skeletons to synergistically suppress high-frequency molecular vibrations via skeleton rigidification and enhance spin-orbital coupling through introducing heavy-atom effects. Implementing this approach, two blue emitters, phenylphosphine oxide-bridged (BCzBN-PO) and phenylphosphine sulfide-bridged (BCzBN-PS), are developed and exhibit emission peaks at 467 and 474 nm with FWHMs of 19 and 18 nm, respectively. Moreover, benefiting from the additional heavy atom effect of sulfur complementing that of phosphorus, BCzBN-PS achieved a kRISC of 8.5 × 10⁵ s^-1, nearly 8-fold higher than that of BCzBN-PO (1.1 × 10⁵ s^-1). In the non-sensitized device architecture, both emitters exhibited narrowband emission with a FWHM < 30 nm and a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) > 20%. Notably, BCzBN-PS, leveraging its higher upconversion rate, demonstrated a superior maximum EQE and lower efficiency roll-off. Furthermore, in the TADF-sensitized device configuration, the organic light-emitting diodes further validated the enhanced upconversion efficiency-evidenced by BCzBN-PS delivering a higher maximum EQE than BCzBN-PO (43.0% vs. 41.2%) and a reduced efficiency roll-off (30.1% vs. 25.9% at 1000 cd m^-2). This work establishes a molecular engineering paradigm that balances color purity and exciton utilization efficiency, paving new avenues for high-performance narrowband electroluminescence.

Secondary organic aerosols (SOA), a major constituent of fine particulate matter (PM_2.5), influence atmospheric chemistry, climate, and public health. However, their formation processes remain insufficiently represented in atmospheric models due to their complexity. Here, we investigate SOA formation from representative aromatic hydrocarbons (toluene, m-xylene, and 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene) under varying precursor concentrations using controlled smog chamber experiments. Leveraging high-resolution mass spectrometry and machine learning approaches, we demonstrate that oxidation capacity (characterized by the cumulative OH exposure), modulated by precursor concentration, is the primary driver of SOA yield. A key and novel finding is that at lower precursor concentrations (∼10 ppb), which are more representative of real atmospheric conditions, the enhanced OH exposure per molecule promotes more efficient multigenerational oxidation. This process favors the production of low-volatility organic compounds, thereby substantially increasing SOA formation compared to that at higher precursor concentrations. These findings, validated by the machine learning analysis, provide mechanistic insights into SOA evolution and underscore the need for improved representation of multigenerational oxidation in atmospheric models to enhance air quality and climate predictions.

Thermal management smart windows can regulate indoor temperature by adjusting the intensity or spectral distribution of incoming solar radiation. This functionality helps reduce the energy demand of heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems, thereby contributing to energy conservation, emission reduction, and the achievement of carbon neutrality. Thermochromic hydrogels, with their intrinsic temperature responsiveness, broadband optical modulation capability, facile tunability, and low cost, have become ideal thermochromic materials for thermal management smart windows. This review focuses on thermochromic hydrogels for thermal management smart windows and introduces the research progress of intrinsic thermochromic hydrogels and their thermal management smart windows from the perspectives of chemical modification strategies and physical modification strategies. Then, the research progress of composite thermochromic hydrogels and their applications in thermal management smart windows is systematically reviewed, with particular emphasis on the incorporation of photothermal conversion fillers and thermochromic components. Moreover, current challenges and potential improvement strategies of thermochromic hydrogels for thermal management smart windows are identified and discussed. The aim of this review is to systematically summarize the optimization strategies for thermochromic hydrogels in thermal management smart windows and to provide guidance for future in-depth research, thereby promoting the advancement and application of thermochromic hydrogels for smart windows.