Pub Date : 2021-02-08DOI: 10.32067/GIE.2021.35.01.03
N. J. Gonçalves, Beatriz Pereira, João Meirinhos, M. Pires, Isabel Vasconcelos, J. Martins, Antônio Ginjeira
Aim: The purpose of the present case report is to document the root canal retreatment of two mandibular first molars with a previously unnoticed MMC. Summary: Mandibular molars may present a third root canal in the mesial root, defined as middle mesial root canal. This challenging anatomical variation should not be disregarded by the clinicians in order to minimize the possibility of an endodontic failure. This paper reports two cases of non-surgical endodontic retreatment of the mandibular first molar in which this complexity of the root canal system was missed in the first treatment, which may help to explain the treatment failure resulting in a periapical diagnosis of asymptomatic and symptomatic apical periodontitis in the first and second case, respectively. Key learning points: The use of magnification, with the dental operating microscope, and of ultrasonic tips was of the utmost importance in locating this additional root canal orifice. Both cases were able to achieve a successful outcome only after a correct chemical-mechanical disinfection and three-dimensional obturation of all identifiable anatomy.
{"title":"Mandibular first molar root canal retreatment with the presence of a missed middle mesial root canal: a report of two cases","authors":"N. J. Gonçalves, Beatriz Pereira, João Meirinhos, M. Pires, Isabel Vasconcelos, J. Martins, Antônio Ginjeira","doi":"10.32067/GIE.2021.35.01.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32067/GIE.2021.35.01.03","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The purpose of the present case report is to document the root canal retreatment of two mandibular first molars with a previously unnoticed MMC. \u0000Summary: Mandibular molars may present a third root canal in the mesial root, defined as middle mesial root canal. This challenging anatomical variation should not be disregarded by the clinicians in order to minimize the possibility of an endodontic failure. This paper reports two cases of non-surgical endodontic retreatment of the mandibular first molar in which this complexity of the root canal system was missed in the first treatment, which may help to explain the treatment failure resulting in a periapical diagnosis of asymptomatic and symptomatic apical periodontitis in the first and second case, respectively. \u0000Key learning points: \u0000 \u0000The use of magnification, with the dental operating microscope, and of ultrasonic tips was of the utmost importance in locating this additional root canal orifice. \u0000Both cases were able to achieve a successful outcome only after a correct chemical-mechanical disinfection and three-dimensional obturation of all identifiable anatomy.","PeriodicalId":42221,"journal":{"name":"Giornale Italiano di Endodonzia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75404971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-08DOI: 10.32067/GIE.2021.35.01.08
Sandra Radaic, Eduardo Mansur Kadi, Karla G. Ferreira, Livia Neri, Adriana Souza de Jesus, M. Frozoni
Aim: Root canal instrumentation might lead to extrusion of debris and irrigants, leading to postoperative pain and compromised outcomes. Several factors might impact extrusion during root canal instrumentation, including the flow rate in which the irrigant solution is applied inside the root canal. The aim of this study was to assess the extrusion of irrigants and debris with different flow rates of 0.9% saline solution. Matherials and Methods: Thirty mandibular premolars presenting single roots and straight root canals were used in this study. The roots were standardized in 17 mm and inserted in Eppendorf tubes. A 1.5% agar gel was placed inside the tube that involved the roots, while the coronal part of the roots was kept visible. The combination of tube and agar gel was weighted. Then, the specimens were randomly distributed to 3 different groups (n=10) according to the flow rate of the irrigation: Control Group (CG) 5 mL/min, High Flow rate Group (HG) 10 mL/min, and Ultra-High flow rate (UG) 60 mL/min. The canals were instrumented with a Reciproc Blue instrument size 25.08 up to the length of the root, following the manufacturer guidelines. After the instrumentation, the roots were removed and the tube and agar were weighted again. The difference between the final weight and the initial weight represented the total amount extruded beyond the apex. For statistical analysis, the ANOVA test (post-hoc Bonferroni) was used at P>0.05. Results: The mean weight of the extruded debris and irrigants for CG, HG, and UG was respectively 0.0079 ± 0.0087, 0.0110 ± 0.0093, and 0.0083 ± 0.0091. There were no statistically significant differences among the groups. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that the flow rate of irrigants does not impact the extrusion of debris and irrigants.
{"title":"The impact of different flow rate on apically extruded debris and irrigants","authors":"Sandra Radaic, Eduardo Mansur Kadi, Karla G. Ferreira, Livia Neri, Adriana Souza de Jesus, M. Frozoni","doi":"10.32067/GIE.2021.35.01.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32067/GIE.2021.35.01.08","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: Root canal instrumentation might lead to extrusion of debris and irrigants, leading to postoperative pain and compromised outcomes. Several factors might impact extrusion during root canal instrumentation, including the flow rate in which the irrigant solution is applied inside the root canal. The aim of this study was to assess the extrusion of irrigants and debris with different flow rates of 0.9% saline solution. \u0000Matherials and Methods: Thirty mandibular premolars presenting single roots and straight root canals were used in this study. The roots were standardized in 17 mm and inserted in Eppendorf tubes. A 1.5% agar gel was placed inside the tube that involved the roots, while the coronal part of the roots was kept visible. The combination of tube and agar gel was weighted. Then, the specimens were randomly distributed to 3 different groups (n=10) according to the flow rate of the irrigation: Control Group (CG) 5 mL/min, High Flow rate Group (HG) 10 mL/min, and Ultra-High flow rate (UG) 60 mL/min. The canals were instrumented with a Reciproc Blue instrument size 25.08 up to the length of the root, following the manufacturer guidelines. After the instrumentation, the roots were removed and the tube and agar were weighted again. The difference between the final weight and the initial weight represented the total amount extruded beyond the apex. For statistical analysis, the ANOVA test (post-hoc Bonferroni) was used at P>0.05. \u0000Results: The mean weight of the extruded debris and irrigants for CG, HG, and UG was respectively 0.0079 ± 0.0087, 0.0110 ± 0.0093, and 0.0083 ± 0.0091. There were no statistically significant differences among the groups. \u0000Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that the flow rate of irrigants does not impact the extrusion of debris and irrigants.","PeriodicalId":42221,"journal":{"name":"Giornale Italiano di Endodonzia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75191333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-08DOI: 10.32067/GIE.2021.35.01.05
J. D. Bronzato, A. Corrêa, B. Gomes, C. C. Ferraz
Aim: This study has evaluated the residual effect of NaOCl on resin-pulp chamber dentin bond strength after 7 and 14 days, using a three-step etch-and-rinse adhesive system. Methodology: Forty pulp chamber dentin from bovine incisors crowns were randomly allocated to one of the following groups: G1, immersion in 0.9% saline solution for 30 minutes (control); G2, immersion in 5.25% NaOCl for 30 minutes; G3, immersion in 5.25% NaOCl for 30 minutes and stored for 7 days; and G4, immersion in 5.25% NaOCl for 30 minutes and stored for 14 days. After restoration, the dentin/resin interface was tested by microtensile bond strength and failure mode was analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy. Data were analyzed by ANOVA followed by Tukey. Results: G1 had higher bond strength than the rest of the groups. There were no statistically significant differences among G2, G3, and G4 (p>0.05). Conclusions: The adverse effect of NaOCl on bond strength persisted even after 14 days after exposure.
{"title":"Residual Effect of Sodium Hypochlorite on Pulp Chamber Dentin Adhesion","authors":"J. D. Bronzato, A. Corrêa, B. Gomes, C. C. Ferraz","doi":"10.32067/GIE.2021.35.01.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32067/GIE.2021.35.01.05","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: This study has evaluated the residual effect of NaOCl on resin-pulp chamber dentin bond strength after 7 and 14 days, using a three-step etch-and-rinse adhesive system. \u0000Methodology: Forty pulp chamber dentin from bovine incisors crowns were randomly allocated to one of the following groups: G1, immersion in 0.9% saline solution for 30 minutes (control); G2, immersion in 5.25% NaOCl for 30 minutes; G3, immersion in 5.25% NaOCl for 30 minutes and stored for 7 days; and G4, immersion in 5.25% NaOCl for 30 minutes and stored for 14 days. After restoration, the dentin/resin interface was tested by microtensile bond strength and failure mode was analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy. Data were analyzed by ANOVA followed by Tukey. \u0000Results: G1 had higher bond strength than the rest of the groups. There were no statistically significant differences among G2, G3, and G4 (p>0.05). \u0000Conclusions: The adverse effect of NaOCl on bond strength persisted even after 14 days after exposure.","PeriodicalId":42221,"journal":{"name":"Giornale Italiano di Endodonzia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79364572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-26DOI: 10.32067/GIE.2020.34.02.09
S. Brunini, Mariana S. Yamashita, Mayara O. Babolin, L. F. Tomazinho
Aim: This study compared the ability of instruments XP Clean and Easy Clean to remove the calcium hydroxide paste from simulated internal root resorptions. Methodology: Thirty freshly extracted human lower incisors were sectioned through the long axis after biomechanical preparation with ProTaper files. On each half, a defect simulating an internal resorption was fabricated on the middle root canal third using a round bur. One week after insertion of calcium hydroxide paste, the teeth were divided into three groups according to the technique employed: G1-Conventional irrigation; G2-XP Clean and G3-Easy Clean. Each instrument was used in three cycles of 20 seconds, followed by renewal with 2 ml of irrigant. Thereafter, the specimens were analyzed on a stereoscopic magnifying glass to analyze the removal of dressing material. Results: Similar performance was observed for both methods employed, even though the rates of absence of removal were higher for the group Easy Clean compared to the group XP Clean. Conclusions: The XP Clean presented better results in removing the calcium hydroxide paste compared to Easy Clean, with statistically significant difference.
{"title":"Analysis of the ability of XP Clean and easy clean files to remove Calcium Hydroxide paste from simulated internal tooth resorptions","authors":"S. Brunini, Mariana S. Yamashita, Mayara O. Babolin, L. F. Tomazinho","doi":"10.32067/GIE.2020.34.02.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32067/GIE.2020.34.02.09","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: This study compared the ability of instruments XP Clean and Easy Clean to remove the calcium hydroxide paste from simulated internal root resorptions. \u0000Methodology: Thirty freshly extracted human lower incisors were sectioned through the long axis after biomechanical preparation with ProTaper files. On each half, a defect simulating an internal resorption was fabricated on the middle root canal third using a round bur. One week after insertion of calcium hydroxide paste, the teeth were divided into three groups according to the technique employed: G1-Conventional irrigation; G2-XP Clean and G3-Easy Clean. Each instrument was used in three cycles of 20 seconds, followed by renewal with 2 ml of irrigant. Thereafter, the specimens were analyzed on a stereoscopic magnifying glass to analyze the removal of dressing material. \u0000Results: Similar performance was observed for both methods employed, even though the rates of absence of removal were higher for the group Easy Clean compared to the group XP Clean. \u0000Conclusions: The XP Clean presented better results in removing the calcium hydroxide paste compared to Easy Clean, with statistically significant difference.","PeriodicalId":42221,"journal":{"name":"Giornale Italiano di Endodonzia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85280903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-26DOI: 10.32067/GIE.2020.34.02.02
F. D. A. Gomes, S. R. Xavier, C. Ferreira, F. G. Pappen
Root canal treatment of an immature tooth is a significant challenge because of the size of the canal, the thin and fragile dentin walls, and the large open apex. The present report describes a clinical case of apical surgery with a 3-year clinical and radiographic follow-up in an immature permanent maxillary central incisor with persistent apical periodontitis caused by a foreign body in the periapical tissues. Surgical endodontic treatment should be seen as the best choice for treating persistent apical periodontitis. This treatment can manage the infection source and provide a direct hermetic seal of the apical area.
{"title":"Management of an unusual foreign body in periapical tissues of immature permanent maxillary central incisor","authors":"F. D. A. Gomes, S. R. Xavier, C. Ferreira, F. G. Pappen","doi":"10.32067/GIE.2020.34.02.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32067/GIE.2020.34.02.02","url":null,"abstract":"Root canal treatment of an immature tooth is a significant challenge because of the size of the canal, the thin and fragile dentin walls, and the large open apex. The present report describes a clinical case of apical surgery with a 3-year clinical and radiographic follow-up in an immature permanent maxillary central incisor with persistent apical periodontitis caused by a foreign body in the periapical tissues. Surgical endodontic treatment should be seen as the best choice for treating persistent apical periodontitis. This treatment can manage the infection source and provide a direct hermetic seal of the apical area.","PeriodicalId":42221,"journal":{"name":"Giornale Italiano di Endodonzia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81240841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-26DOI: 10.32067/GIE.2020.34.02.17
R. Pace, Luca Di Nasso, L. Tauro, A. Nizzardo, G. Pagavino, V. Giuliani
Aim: A material with an acidic pH and desiccating action (HybenX) has been generated to destroy the dental biofilm. This study aims to investigate the effect of HybenX used as an irrigating solution, estimating its efficacy in the elimination of the smear layer and rating how it may influence dentinal erosion. Methodology: One hundred extracted, single-rooted, human teeth were used. Five groups were made in a random way (n=20), considering the type of irrigant used at the end of the instrumentation with ProTaper Gold sequence SX – F4: Group A (NaOCl), Group B (NaOCl – EDTA 17%), Group C (NaOCl - EDTA 17% - NaOCl), Group D (NaOCl - HybenX), Group E (NaOCl - HybenX - NaOCl). The amount of the smear layer and the erosion were evaluated according to the Torabinejad method using a scanning electron microscope. A Kruskal-Wallis test was performed at each portion (i.e. apical, middle, coronal) and overall for both smear layer removal and erosion variables. A multiple comparison analysis was implemented as well within each portion and overall for both variables. Results: The difference in debris removal at all three levels of the canals was statistically significant, comparing the five treatment groups (p<.0001). The statistic test showed a statistically significant greater erosion overall between group A and the other four groups (p<.0001). Conclusions: Under the conditions of the present study, the use of a combination of NaOCl and HybenX, efficiently removes smear layer and produces a lower degree of erosion if compared with 17% EDTA.
{"title":"Analysis of dentinal erosion and removing smear layer of different irrigation protocols: an in vitro study","authors":"R. Pace, Luca Di Nasso, L. Tauro, A. Nizzardo, G. Pagavino, V. Giuliani","doi":"10.32067/GIE.2020.34.02.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32067/GIE.2020.34.02.17","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: A material with an acidic pH and desiccating action (HybenX) has been generated to destroy the dental biofilm. This study aims to investigate the effect of HybenX used as an irrigating solution, estimating its efficacy in the elimination of the smear layer and rating how it may influence dentinal erosion. \u0000Methodology: One hundred extracted, single-rooted, human teeth were used. Five groups were made in a random way (n=20), considering the type of irrigant used at the end of the instrumentation with ProTaper Gold sequence SX – F4: Group A (NaOCl), Group B (NaOCl – EDTA 17%), Group C (NaOCl - EDTA 17% - NaOCl), Group D (NaOCl - HybenX), Group E (NaOCl - HybenX - NaOCl). The amount of the smear layer and the erosion were evaluated according to the Torabinejad method using a scanning electron microscope. A Kruskal-Wallis test was performed at each portion (i.e. apical, middle, coronal) and overall for both smear layer removal and erosion variables. A multiple comparison analysis was implemented as well within each portion and overall for both variables. \u0000Results: The difference in debris removal at all three levels of the canals was statistically significant, comparing the five treatment groups (p<.0001). The statistic test showed a statistically significant greater erosion overall between group A and the other four groups (p<.0001). \u0000Conclusions: Under the conditions of the present study, the use of a combination of NaOCl and HybenX, efficiently removes smear layer and produces a lower degree of erosion if compared with 17% EDTA.","PeriodicalId":42221,"journal":{"name":"Giornale Italiano di Endodonzia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84117639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-26DOI: 10.32067/GIE.2020.34.02.01
V. Rueda-Ibarra, Brissa Itzel Jiménez-Valdés, Hugo Eduardo García-García, U. Velazquez-Enriquez, S. E. Lucas-Rincón, Sandra Aremy López-Gómez, C. Medina-Solís
Aim: Root canal treatment is aimed at curing or preventing periapical periodontitis. This study aimed to radiographically evaluate the remission of periapical lesions after root canal treatment. Materials and Methods: An observational, longitudinal, ambispective (retrospective and prospective) and comparative (before and after) study at the endodontic clinic of the Autonomous University of State of Mexico was realized. Nineteen patients were included who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. A periapical x-ray of follow-up and evolution was performed in the period February–June 2017 and compared with the initial radiograph. The periapical root status was evaluated using the periapical index (PAI) described by Orstavik et al., in 1986. Results: 36.8% were male and 63.2% female. The mean age was 40.31±12.75 years. The mean number of days elapsed between the initial radiograph and the control radiograph was 618.42±102.38. The comparison of the initial and final periapical state of all teeth was favorable; in all, a positive change in the periapical lesion was observed (p=0.0001). Conclusions: The root canal treatment in the sample studied reduces apical periodontitis with a high rate of success, allowing the periradicular tissues of the dental organs to recover their state of health. In developing countries, like Mexico, root canal treatment is a procedure that demonstrates effectiveness at 2 years after it is done. This kind of treatments is recommended to preserve the teeth in the Mexican population.
{"title":"Using the Periapical Index to evaluate the healing of periapical lesions after root canal treatment","authors":"V. Rueda-Ibarra, Brissa Itzel Jiménez-Valdés, Hugo Eduardo García-García, U. Velazquez-Enriquez, S. E. Lucas-Rincón, Sandra Aremy López-Gómez, C. Medina-Solís","doi":"10.32067/GIE.2020.34.02.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32067/GIE.2020.34.02.01","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: Root canal treatment is aimed at curing or preventing periapical periodontitis. This study aimed to radiographically evaluate the remission of periapical lesions after root canal treatment. \u0000Materials and Methods: An observational, longitudinal, ambispective (retrospective and prospective) and comparative (before and after) study at the endodontic clinic of the Autonomous University of State of Mexico was realized. Nineteen patients were included who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. A periapical x-ray of follow-up and evolution was performed in the period February–June 2017 and compared with the initial radiograph. The periapical root status was evaluated using the periapical index (PAI) described by Orstavik et al., in 1986. \u0000Results: 36.8% were male and 63.2% female. The mean age was 40.31±12.75 years. The mean number of days elapsed between the initial radiograph and the control radiograph was 618.42±102.38. The comparison of the initial and final periapical state of all teeth was favorable; in all, a positive change in the periapical lesion was observed (p=0.0001). \u0000Conclusions: The root canal treatment in the sample studied reduces apical periodontitis with a high rate of success, allowing the periradicular tissues of the dental organs to recover their state of health. In developing countries, like Mexico, root canal treatment is a procedure that demonstrates effectiveness at 2 years after it is done. This kind of treatments is recommended to preserve the teeth in the Mexican population.","PeriodicalId":42221,"journal":{"name":"Giornale Italiano di Endodonzia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76381069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-26DOI: 10.32067/GIE.2020.34.02.04
Sherif Al-Hassan Abdo Heidar, S. Saber, Somaya Eissa, S. El-Ashry
Aim: To investigate and compare the antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of Chlorhexidine Digluconate functionalized Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles and silver Nanoparticles as intracanal medicaments on a mature E. faecalis biofilm model in root canals of extracted teeth. Methodology: Sixty-eight human maxillary central incisors were mechanically prepared, sterilized, infected with E. faecalis, and then incubated for 28 days under anaerobic conditions to develop a mature E. faecalis biofilm. Eight teeth were used to monitor biofilm formation and maturation over the incubation period with field emission scanning electron microscopy (Fe SEM), while the other 60 teeth were divided into two experimental groups (n=20) in which 2% chlorhexidine digluconate functionalized hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (Group A) and 0.02% silver nanoparticles (group B) were used as intra canal medications, and two control groups (n=10). The positive control group (Group C) was used to check for bacterial viability throughout the experiment, while the negative control group (Group D) was used to check for sterility of the procedures. Finally, bacterial samples were collected and analyzed quantitively by culture counts and qualitatively by real time PCR (RTQ-PCR). Results: RTQ-PCR detected E. faecalis DNA in all groups except for the negative control group. The mean values of E. faecalis DNA detected in groups A, B and C were 99.6 ng/mL, 67.1 ng/mL , 2797.4 ng/mL respectively. Statistical analysis of these results showed that both treatment groups presented statistically significantly lower mean values of E. faecalis DNA quantities compared to the positive control group. However, there was no statistically significant difference between them (P<.05). Conclusions: Chlorhexidine Digluconate functionalized Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles and silver nanoparticles demonstrated an effective antimicrobial activity against mature E. faecalis biofilms.
{"title":"Antibacterial potential of nano-particulate intracanal medications on a mature E. faecalis biofilm in an ex-vivo model","authors":"Sherif Al-Hassan Abdo Heidar, S. Saber, Somaya Eissa, S. El-Ashry","doi":"10.32067/GIE.2020.34.02.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32067/GIE.2020.34.02.04","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To investigate and compare the antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of Chlorhexidine Digluconate functionalized Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles and silver Nanoparticles as intracanal medicaments on a mature E. faecalis biofilm model in root canals of extracted teeth. \u0000Methodology: Sixty-eight human maxillary central incisors were mechanically prepared, sterilized, infected with E. faecalis, and then incubated for 28 days under anaerobic conditions to develop a mature E. faecalis biofilm. Eight teeth were used to monitor biofilm formation and maturation over the incubation period with field emission scanning electron microscopy (Fe SEM), while the other 60 teeth were divided into two experimental groups (n=20) in which 2% chlorhexidine digluconate functionalized hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (Group A) and 0.02% silver nanoparticles (group B) were used as intra canal medications, and two control groups (n=10). The positive control group (Group C) was used to check for bacterial viability throughout the experiment, while the negative control group (Group D) was used to check for sterility of the procedures. Finally, bacterial samples were collected and analyzed quantitively by culture counts and qualitatively by real time PCR (RTQ-PCR). \u0000Results: RTQ-PCR detected E. faecalis DNA in all groups except for the negative control group. The mean values of E. faecalis DNA detected in groups A, B and C were 99.6 ng/mL, 67.1 ng/mL , 2797.4 ng/mL respectively. Statistical analysis of these results showed that both treatment groups presented statistically significantly lower mean values of E. faecalis DNA quantities compared to the positive control group. However, there was no statistically significant difference between them (P<.05). \u0000Conclusions: Chlorhexidine Digluconate functionalized Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles and silver nanoparticles demonstrated an effective antimicrobial activity against mature E. faecalis biofilms.","PeriodicalId":42221,"journal":{"name":"Giornale Italiano di Endodonzia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82771344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-26DOI: 10.32067/GIE.2020.34.02.07
M. Pires, Beatriz Pereira, J. Fagulha, João Meirinhos, S. Quaresma, J. Martins
Aim: Report on the successful endodontic management of 4 permanent maxillary molars with a C-shape configuration of the root canal system. Summary: Even though C-shaped anatomies are more commonly described in the mandibular molars, its occurrence in permanent maxillary molars has also been reported. Complexity of the root canal system may pose a difficulty in achieving proper chemo-mechanical debridement, and consequently jeopardize the success of endodontic therapy. Additional dedicated armamentarium can help the clinician recognize, assess, plan and better manage such complex configurations. Key learning points Although of rare prevalence, clinicians must be aware and recognize the possible existence of a C-shaped root canal configuration in both first and second permanent maxillary molars. This anatomy can be attributed to an embryologic alteration that leads to the non-division of roots during the root formation stage of tooth formation. Further studies on the prevalence of the C-shaped configuration in permanent maxillary molars may contribute to a better understanding and, consequently, proper management of this morphology. Specific tools, such as the dental operating microscope and specific ultrasonic tips, as well as additional means of enhancing chemical debridement, are essential for the correct management of these intricate anatomies and appear to positively impact outcome of root canal treatment.
{"title":"Endodontic management of maxillary permanent molar C-shaped morphology","authors":"M. Pires, Beatriz Pereira, J. Fagulha, João Meirinhos, S. Quaresma, J. Martins","doi":"10.32067/GIE.2020.34.02.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32067/GIE.2020.34.02.07","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: Report on the successful endodontic management of 4 permanent maxillary molars with a C-shape configuration of the root canal system. \u0000Summary: Even though C-shaped anatomies are more commonly described in the mandibular molars, its occurrence in permanent maxillary molars has also been reported. Complexity of the root canal system may pose a difficulty in achieving proper chemo-mechanical debridement, and consequently jeopardize the success of endodontic therapy. Additional dedicated armamentarium can help the clinician recognize, assess, plan and better manage such complex configurations. \u0000Key learning points \u0000 \u0000Although of rare prevalence, clinicians must be aware and recognize the possible existence of a C-shaped root canal configuration in both first and second permanent maxillary molars. \u0000This anatomy can be attributed to an embryologic alteration that leads to the non-division of roots during the root formation stage of tooth formation. \u0000Further studies on the prevalence of the C-shaped configuration in permanent maxillary molars may contribute to a better understanding and, consequently, proper management of this morphology. \u0000Specific tools, such as the dental operating microscope and specific ultrasonic tips, as well as additional means of enhancing chemical debridement, are essential for the correct management of these intricate anatomies and appear to positively impact outcome of root canal treatment.","PeriodicalId":42221,"journal":{"name":"Giornale Italiano di Endodonzia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79844585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-26DOI: 10.32067/GIE.2020.34.02.16
E. Gaviolli, Matheus Rubens da Silva, Alexandra Graunke, L. A. Chisini, F. H. Sande, R. Carvalho
Aim: This study evaluated the effect of a root dentin deproteinization protocol on the bond strength of fiber post cemented with self-adhesive resin cement. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four single-rooted teeth were randomly divided into two groups (n=12), as follows: G1 - cementation with self-adhesive resin cement RelyX U200 (3M/ESPE) according to manufacturer's instructions; G2 - treatment of root dentin with phosphoric acid at 37% for 15 s followed by sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) at 5% for 5 minutes, and post cementation according to manufacturer's instructions. A light-emitting diode (LED) unit was used for photoactivation and after 24h at 37 °C in absolute humidity, teeth were sectioned into slices of 1 mm divided by different root thirds (cervical, middle and apical) and submitted to the push-out bond strength test. Two-criteria ANOVA was used to determine the statistical significance between groups (p<0.05). Results: No statistical difference in bond strength between group cemented as manufacturer's instructions and group submitted to deproteinization was detected (p>0.05). As well as there was no statistical difference between the different root thirds evaluated (p>0.05). Conclusions: The deproteinization protocol proposed was not able to improve the bond strength of self-adhesive cement to root dentin.
{"title":"Effect of a root dentin deproteinization protocol on self-adhesive cementation of fiber posts","authors":"E. Gaviolli, Matheus Rubens da Silva, Alexandra Graunke, L. A. Chisini, F. H. Sande, R. Carvalho","doi":"10.32067/GIE.2020.34.02.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32067/GIE.2020.34.02.16","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: This study evaluated the effect of a root dentin deproteinization protocol on the bond strength of fiber post cemented with self-adhesive resin cement. \u0000Materials and Methods: Twenty-four single-rooted teeth were randomly divided into two groups (n=12), as follows: G1 - cementation with self-adhesive resin cement RelyX U200 (3M/ESPE) according to manufacturer's instructions; G2 - treatment of root dentin with phosphoric acid at 37% for 15 s followed by sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) at 5% for 5 minutes, and post cementation according to manufacturer's instructions. A light-emitting diode (LED) unit was used for photoactivation and after 24h at 37 °C in absolute humidity, teeth were sectioned into slices of 1 mm divided by different root thirds (cervical, middle and apical) and submitted to the push-out bond strength test. Two-criteria ANOVA was used to determine the statistical significance between groups (p<0.05). \u0000Results: No statistical difference in bond strength between group cemented as manufacturer's instructions and group submitted to deproteinization was detected (p>0.05). As well as there was no statistical difference between the different root thirds evaluated (p>0.05). \u0000Conclusions: The deproteinization protocol proposed was not able to improve the bond strength of self-adhesive cement to root dentin.","PeriodicalId":42221,"journal":{"name":"Giornale Italiano di Endodonzia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84282922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：