Pub Date : 2021-04-07DOI: 10.32067/GIE.2021.35.01.13
E. Saberi, Farshid Gholami, Arezoo Pirhaji, Elahe Shahreki
Aim: This in vitro study aimed to assess the cytotoxic effects of different intracanal medicaments on the co-culture of dental mesenchymal stem cells. Materials and Methods: The Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells (PDLSCs) and the stem cells of the apical papilla (SCAPs) were isolated from a human teeth. The cells were passaged and underwent mono-culture and co-culture. The cells were then exposed to different concentrations of calcium hydroxide/chlorhexidine, calcium hydroxide/distilled water, double antibiotic paste/ chlorhexidine, and double antibiotic paste/distilled water. The cytotoxicity and cell viability was evaluated and data were analyzed by independent t-test, ANOVA, and Tukey’s test (alpha=0.05). Results: The viability of PDLSCs in co-culture was higher than that in mono-culture following exposure to different concentrations of medicaments. However, when distilled water was used as the vehicle for intracanal medicaments, the viability of SCAPs in mono-culture was higher than that in co-culture. In use of DAP/CHX, the viability of SCAP in co-culture was higher than that in mono-culture (P=0.000). This difference was not significant in exposure of SCAP to DAP/CHX (P>0.05). Conclusions: Generally, the viability of PDLSCs in co-culture was higher than that in mono-culture, and distilled water was a better vehicle than CHX for intracanal medicaments.
{"title":"In vitro cytotoxic effects of different intracanal medicaments on the co-culture of dental mesenchymal stem cells using the MTT assay","authors":"E. Saberi, Farshid Gholami, Arezoo Pirhaji, Elahe Shahreki","doi":"10.32067/GIE.2021.35.01.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32067/GIE.2021.35.01.13","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: This in vitro study aimed to assess the cytotoxic effects of different intracanal medicaments on the co-culture of dental mesenchymal stem cells. \u0000Materials and Methods: The Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells (PDLSCs) and the stem cells of the apical papilla (SCAPs) were isolated from a human teeth. The cells were passaged and underwent mono-culture and co-culture. The cells were then exposed to different concentrations of calcium hydroxide/chlorhexidine, calcium hydroxide/distilled water, double antibiotic paste/ chlorhexidine, and double antibiotic paste/distilled water. The cytotoxicity and cell viability was evaluated and data were analyzed by independent t-test, ANOVA, and Tukey’s test (alpha=0.05). \u0000Results: The viability of PDLSCs in co-culture was higher than that in mono-culture following exposure to different concentrations of medicaments. However, when distilled water was used as the vehicle for intracanal medicaments, the viability of SCAPs in mono-culture was higher than that in co-culture. In use of DAP/CHX, the viability of SCAP in co-culture was higher than that in mono-culture (P=0.000). This difference was not significant in exposure of SCAP to DAP/CHX (P>0.05). \u0000Conclusions: Generally, the viability of PDLSCs in co-culture was higher than that in mono-culture, and distilled water was a better vehicle than CHX for intracanal medicaments.","PeriodicalId":42221,"journal":{"name":"Giornale Italiano di Endodonzia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77696457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-07DOI: 10.32067/GIE.2021.35.01.10
Daniela Peressoni Vieira Schuldt, L. F. R. Garcia, C. Teixeira, Beatriz Dulcineia Mendes Souza, Julia Menezes Savaris, E. A. Bortoluzzi
Aim: This study evaluated the effect of different concentrations of propylene glycol (PG) on the dimensional change (DC), compressive strength (CS), solubility and pH of MTA. Methodology: Groups were formed according to the proportion of distilled water (DW) and PG in MTA manipulation: G1 (100% DW); G2 (80% DW+20% PG); G3 (50% DW+50% PG); G4 (20% DW+80% PG). The tests were guided by ISO and BSI standards. DC and CS tests were performed after 24 h and 30 days of samples storage in water. In the solubility test, rings filled with the cements were weighed after setting and after 7 days. The pH was measured after 3 and 24 h, and 30 days. The data were analyzed with the ANOVA, Tukey’s and Paired t tests (a=5%). Results: After 24 h and 30 days, the DC and CS were similar among groups, except the CS for G3 in 30 days. After 7 days, G1 gained weight when hydrated, differing from G3 and G4 (p<0.05). When weighed dehydrated, G2 was different from the other groups (p<0.05). After 3 h, G1 had lower pH values in comparison with G2, G3 and G4 (p<0.05). At the 24-h period, G2 had higher pH values than G1 and G2 (p<0.05). After 7 days, there was no difference among groups. Conclusions: PG did not affect the MTA dimensional change and compressive strength (except for G3). However, PG reduced MTA solubility (G2) and increased its pH after 3 hours.
{"title":"Effect of different concentrations of propylene glycol on the physical-chemical properties of MTA","authors":"Daniela Peressoni Vieira Schuldt, L. F. R. Garcia, C. Teixeira, Beatriz Dulcineia Mendes Souza, Julia Menezes Savaris, E. A. Bortoluzzi","doi":"10.32067/GIE.2021.35.01.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32067/GIE.2021.35.01.10","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: This study evaluated the effect of different concentrations of propylene glycol (PG) on the dimensional change (DC), compressive strength (CS), solubility and pH of MTA. \u0000Methodology: Groups were formed according to the proportion of distilled water (DW) and PG in MTA manipulation: G1 (100% DW); G2 (80% DW+20% PG); G3 (50% DW+50% PG); G4 (20% DW+80% PG). The tests were guided by ISO and BSI standards. DC and CS tests were performed after 24 h and 30 days of samples storage in water. In the solubility test, rings filled with the cements were weighed after setting and after 7 days. The pH was measured after 3 and 24 h, and 30 days. The data were analyzed with the ANOVA, Tukey’s and Paired t tests (a=5%). \u0000Results: After 24 h and 30 days, the DC and CS were similar among groups, except the CS for G3 in 30 days. After 7 days, G1 gained weight when hydrated, differing from G3 and G4 (p<0.05). When weighed dehydrated, G2 was different from the other groups (p<0.05). After 3 h, G1 had lower pH values in comparison with G2, G3 and G4 (p<0.05). At the 24-h period, G2 had higher pH values than G1 and G2 (p<0.05). After 7 days, there was no difference among groups. \u0000Conclusions: PG did not affect the MTA dimensional change and compressive strength (except for G3). However, PG reduced MTA solubility (G2) and increased its pH after 3 hours.","PeriodicalId":42221,"journal":{"name":"Giornale Italiano di Endodonzia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85029276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-07DOI: 10.32067/GIE.2021.35.01.19
Merve Özgüven Akbulut, Yağız Özbay, A. Erdemir
Aim: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of various irrigation activation methods applied after post space preparation on the push-out bond strengths of fiber posts to root canal dentin. Materials and methods: Twenty maxillary central incisor teeth were prepared and root-filled. Following the preparation of the post spaces, the teeth were randomly allocated to 5 groups (n=4) based on the irrigation activation method. Post spaces were irrigated with 2.5% NaOCl and 17% EDTA and various irrigation activation techniques were applied in each group as follow. Group 1: conventional syringe irrigation (CSI); Group 2: manual-dynamic activation (MDA); Group 3: negative apical pressure (EndoVac); Group 4: passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) and Group 5: Er,Cr:YSGG laser. Subsequent to fiber post placement, the samples were transversally sectioned and push-out tests were applied for measurement of the bond strength of fiber posts. Results: Irrigation activation with Er,Cr:YSGG laser, EndoVac and PUI resulted higher push-out bond strength in comparison to MDA and CSI (P<.05). Conclusions: Irrigation activation with EndoVac, PUI and Er,Cr:YSGG laser provides superior bonding strength for fiber posts. gth for fiber posts.
{"title":"Comparison of various irrigation activation procedures after post space preparation on push-out bond strength of fiber posts: an in vitro study","authors":"Merve Özgüven Akbulut, Yağız Özbay, A. Erdemir","doi":"10.32067/GIE.2021.35.01.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32067/GIE.2021.35.01.19","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of various irrigation activation methods applied after post space preparation on the push-out bond strengths of fiber posts to root canal dentin. \u0000Materials and methods: Twenty maxillary central incisor teeth were prepared and root-filled. Following the preparation of the post spaces, the teeth were randomly allocated to 5 groups (n=4) based on the irrigation activation method. Post spaces were irrigated with 2.5% NaOCl and 17% EDTA and various irrigation activation techniques were applied in each group as follow. Group 1: conventional syringe irrigation (CSI); Group 2: manual-dynamic activation (MDA); Group 3: negative apical pressure (EndoVac); Group 4: passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) and Group 5: Er,Cr:YSGG laser. Subsequent to fiber post placement, the samples were transversally sectioned and push-out tests were applied for measurement of the bond strength of fiber posts. \u0000Results: Irrigation activation with Er,Cr:YSGG laser, EndoVac and PUI resulted higher push-out bond strength in comparison to MDA and CSI (P<.05). \u0000Conclusions: Irrigation activation with EndoVac, PUI and Er,Cr:YSGG laser provides superior bonding strength for fiber posts. \u0000gth for fiber posts.","PeriodicalId":42221,"journal":{"name":"Giornale Italiano di Endodonzia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78930694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-03DOI: 10.32067/GIE.2021.35.01.21
R. Castagnola, Rosalba Diana, M. Colangeli, C. Panzetta, L. Marigo, N. Grande, G. Plotino
Aim: This ex vivo study aims to compare the accuracy of two electronic apex locators, Wirele-X (Forum Engineering Technologies Ltd., Israel), tested in two modalities, alone and connected to the display screen and Dentaport ZX (J. Morita, Tokyo, Japan) in determining the working length. Methodology: 15 single-rooted teeth were selected for this study. The actual microscopic working length was measured using a size 10 K-file that was advanced until the tip of the file could be visualized just within the apical foramen under a stereomicroscope. Then each tooth was placed into the alginate to simulate the clinical conditions. Wirele-X and Dentaport ZX were used according manufacturer’s instructions. Three measurements were performed for each tooth and each apex locator and modality and differences between the electronic and actual working lengths were calculated. Positive values indicated measurements that extruded beyond the apical foramen, while negative values indicated measurements that were short of the apical foramen. Means and standard deviation were calculated and the statistical analysis was performed using One-way ANOVA and Tukey tests (P<0.05). Results: The difference between electronic and actual working length was 0.05±0.34 mm for Wirele-X alone, 0.003±0.37 mm for Wirele-X connected to the display screen and 0.08±0.35 mm for Dentaport ZX. No statistical differences were found among Wirele-X alone, Wirele-X connected to the display screen and Dentaport ZX (p>0.05). Conclusions: Wirele-X in both modalities and Dentaport ZX showed a high accuracy in determining working length and were accurate to within ±0.5 mm, without any statistical differences among them.
{"title":"Effectiveness of a new electronic apex locator in two modalities in detecting the working length: an ex vivo study","authors":"R. Castagnola, Rosalba Diana, M. Colangeli, C. Panzetta, L. Marigo, N. Grande, G. Plotino","doi":"10.32067/GIE.2021.35.01.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32067/GIE.2021.35.01.21","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: This ex vivo study aims to compare the accuracy of two electronic apex locators, Wirele-X (Forum Engineering Technologies Ltd., Israel), tested in two modalities, alone and connected to the display screen and Dentaport ZX (J. Morita, Tokyo, Japan) in determining the working length. \u0000Methodology: 15 single-rooted teeth were selected for this study. The actual microscopic working length was measured using a size 10 K-file that was advanced until the tip of the file could be visualized just within the apical foramen under a stereomicroscope. Then each tooth was placed into the alginate to simulate the clinical conditions. Wirele-X and Dentaport ZX were used according manufacturer’s instructions. Three measurements were performed for each tooth and each apex locator and modality and differences between the electronic and actual working lengths were calculated. Positive values indicated measurements that extruded beyond the apical foramen, while negative values indicated measurements that were short of the apical foramen. Means and standard deviation were calculated and the statistical analysis was performed using One-way ANOVA and Tukey tests (P<0.05). \u0000Results: The difference between electronic and actual working length was 0.05±0.34 mm for Wirele-X alone, 0.003±0.37 mm for Wirele-X connected to the display screen and 0.08±0.35 mm for Dentaport ZX. No statistical differences were found among Wirele-X alone, Wirele-X connected to the display screen and Dentaport ZX (p>0.05). \u0000Conclusions: Wirele-X in both modalities and Dentaport ZX showed a high accuracy in determining working length and were accurate to within ±0.5 mm, without any statistical differences among them.","PeriodicalId":42221,"journal":{"name":"Giornale Italiano di Endodonzia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88224920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-03DOI: 10.32067/GIE.2021.35.01.12
A. D. De-Carli, Diego Luiz Sorgatto, Rennan Paim, F. C. Vitali, R. Bomfim, J. Marion, T. M. Duque
Aim: This study aimed to evaluate in vitro the antibacterial activity of trans-trans farnesol (tt-farnesol) associated with Sealapex sealer against Enterococcus faecalis. Methodology: Initially, the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of tt-farnesol was determined by microdilution technique. The sealer was associated with 350 µg/g tt-farnesol (GS+0.35f); 1750 µg/g tt-farnesol (GS+0.175f); or only Sealapex (GS). For antimicrobial activity test, E faecalis suspension was added in tubes containing the sealer samples and incubated for 24, 48, 72, 96, 120 and 144 h. After each time, two blinded and calibrated evaluators performed the CFU count. Data were analyzed statistically by one way ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc tests (significance level P < 0.05). Results: It was observed difference in the CFU count between GS, GS+0.35f and GS+0.175 after 48 and 72 h, and between GS for the other groups in 96, 120 and 144 h (P < 0.05). The CFU count was lower in GS+0.35f than in GS+0.175f after 48 and 72 h (P < 0.05). In GS+0.35f, there was a decrease in CFU count after 48 h and in GS+0.175f after 72 h (P < 0.01). Conclusions: The association of tt-farnesol with Sealapex decreased E faecalis growth in vitro after 48 h of incubation. The MBC of 0.35 and 0.175 mg/mL of tt-farnesol reduced the CFU count after 48 and 72 h, respectively.
{"title":"Antimicrobial activity of tt-farnesol associated with an endodontic sealer against Enterococcus faecalis","authors":"A. D. De-Carli, Diego Luiz Sorgatto, Rennan Paim, F. C. Vitali, R. Bomfim, J. Marion, T. M. Duque","doi":"10.32067/GIE.2021.35.01.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32067/GIE.2021.35.01.12","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: This study aimed to evaluate in vitro the antibacterial activity of trans-trans farnesol (tt-farnesol) associated with Sealapex sealer against Enterococcus faecalis. \u0000Methodology: Initially, the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of tt-farnesol was determined by microdilution technique. The sealer was associated with 350 µg/g tt-farnesol (GS+0.35f); 1750 µg/g tt-farnesol (GS+0.175f); or only Sealapex (GS). For antimicrobial activity test, E faecalis suspension was added in tubes containing the sealer samples and incubated for 24, 48, 72, 96, 120 and 144 h. After each time, two blinded and calibrated evaluators performed the CFU count. Data were analyzed statistically by one way ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc tests (significance level P < 0.05). \u0000Results: It was observed difference in the CFU count between GS, GS+0.35f and GS+0.175 after 48 and 72 h, and between GS for the other groups in 96, 120 and 144 h (P < 0.05). The CFU count was lower in GS+0.35f than in GS+0.175f after 48 and 72 h (P < 0.05). In GS+0.35f, there was a decrease in CFU count after 48 h and in GS+0.175f after 72 h (P < 0.01). \u0000Conclusions: The association of tt-farnesol with Sealapex decreased E faecalis growth in vitro after 48 h of incubation. The MBC of 0.35 and 0.175 mg/mL of tt-farnesol reduced the CFU count after 48 and 72 h, respectively.","PeriodicalId":42221,"journal":{"name":"Giornale Italiano di Endodonzia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78921939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-03DOI: 10.32067/GIE.2021.35.01.07
A. Limoeiro, A. H. Braitt, Alessandra Silveira Machado, C. Bueno, C. Fontana, L. Freire, R. Lopes, A. S. D. Martin
Aim: This study compared the efficacy of three reciprocating systems with different heat treatments in removing obturator material from lower molar mesial canals. Methodology: The mesial canals of 18 lower molars were instrumented with ProTaper Next 25/0.06 and filled with gutta-percha and AHPlus. The teeth were randomly divided into three groups (n=6) according to the system used to remove the filling material: Reciproc (REC R25), Reciproc Blue (RECB R25) and Wave One Primary (WO). The desobturation was considered complete when the working length was reached, and remnants of obturator material were no longer found in the instrument and also in the canal walls, observed through the dental operating microscope. Results: The results were analyzed using Biostat 4.0 software. Shapiro-Wilk and ANOVA (Tukey) tests with a significance level of 5% were applied. The volume of obturator material decreased in the cervical and middle thirds after the use of REC, RECB and WO systems (P .05). In the apical third, there was no significant reduction in the remaining obturator material independent of the operating system (P>.05). Conclusions: REC, RECB and WO systems showed similarity in the removal of obturator material and were inefficient specifically in the apical third, showing the limitation of these systems in removing obturation material from curved canals.
目的:比较三种往复系统在不同热处理条件下下磨牙近中管封闭材料去除的效果。方法:用ProTaper Next 25/0.06固定18颗下磨牙的近中根管，填充杜仲胶和AHPlus。根据去除充填材料的系统将牙齿随机分为三组(n=6): Reciproc (REC R25)、Reciproc Blue (RECB R25)和Wave One Primary (WO)。当达到工作长度时，通过牙科操作显微镜观察，在器械和管壁中不再发现残留的闭孔材料，则认为去封闭完成。结果:采用Biostat 4.0软件对结果进行分析。采用显著性水平为5%的Shapiro-Wilk检验和ANOVA (Tukey)检验。使用REC、RECB和WO系统后，颈部和中部三分之一的闭孔材料体积减少(P < 0.05)。在根尖三分之一处，与操作系统无关的剩余闭孔材料没有显著减少(P> 0.05)。结论:REC、RECB和WO系统在去除闭孔材料方面表现相似，特别是在根尖三分之一处效率低下，表明这些系统在去除弯曲管的闭孔材料方面存在局限性。
{"title":"Micro-computed tomography evaluation of filling material removal by three reciprocating systems with different thermal treatments","authors":"A. Limoeiro, A. H. Braitt, Alessandra Silveira Machado, C. Bueno, C. Fontana, L. Freire, R. Lopes, A. S. D. Martin","doi":"10.32067/GIE.2021.35.01.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32067/GIE.2021.35.01.07","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: This study compared the efficacy of three reciprocating systems with different heat treatments in removing obturator material from lower molar mesial canals. \u0000Methodology: The mesial canals of 18 lower molars were instrumented with ProTaper Next 25/0.06 and filled with gutta-percha and AHPlus. The teeth were randomly divided into three groups (n=6) according to the system used to remove the filling material: Reciproc (REC R25), Reciproc Blue (RECB R25) and Wave One Primary (WO). The desobturation was considered complete when the working length was reached, and remnants of obturator material were no longer found in the instrument and also in the canal walls, observed through the dental operating microscope. \u0000Results: The results were analyzed using Biostat 4.0 software. Shapiro-Wilk and ANOVA (Tukey) tests with a significance level of 5% were applied. The volume of obturator material decreased in the cervical and middle thirds after the use of REC, RECB and WO systems (P .05). In the apical third, there was no significant reduction in the remaining obturator material independent of the operating system (P>.05). \u0000Conclusions: REC, RECB and WO systems showed similarity in the removal of obturator material and were inefficient specifically in the apical third, showing the limitation of these systems in removing obturation material from curved canals.","PeriodicalId":42221,"journal":{"name":"Giornale Italiano di Endodonzia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86283731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-03DOI: 10.32067/GIE.2021.35.01.02
A. Khademi, H. Roohafza, P. Iranmanesh, Navid Yaraghi, Armita Vali Sichani
Aim: To investigate the association of pain perception of inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) block injection and access cavity preparation with psychological factors in patients undergoing endodontic treatment. Methodology: In this observational study, out of 208 patients who had lower molar with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis, 165 patients completed the study. Psychological factors comprising anxiety, depression and personality traits were evaluated by Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale and short form of NEO Five-Factor Inventory. Procedural pain comprising needle insertion and anesthesia solution deposition during IAN block injection as well as access cavity preparation was rated based on the Heft-Parker visual analog scale. Binary logistic regression was used to determine odd ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: The mean (standard deviation) age of patients was 34.63 (12.42) in which, females comprised 72.7% (n=120). Considering the psychological factors, the anxious and depressed individuals constituted 38.8 % and 32.7% of the participants, respectively. By adjusting the socio-demographic factors, depression score during needle injection and anesthetic solution deposition were the risk factors for higher levels of pain (OR=1.12; 95% CI=1.03_1.29 and OR=1.13; 95% CI=1.05_1.32 respectively). Among the personality traits, just neuroticism at needle insertion and anesthetic solution deposition associated with higher levels of pain (OR=1.11; 95% CI=1.02_1.28 and OR=1.09; 95% CI=1.01_1.20 respectively). Conclusions: Coupling with the effect of physiological aspects (depression and neuroticism) on the perception of pain at the needle insertion and anesthetic solution during IAN block injection, a multidisciplinary effort both by dentists and by psychologists might improve dental services for some patients.
{"title":"Association between psychological factors and pain perception in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis during endodontic treatment","authors":"A. Khademi, H. Roohafza, P. Iranmanesh, Navid Yaraghi, Armita Vali Sichani","doi":"10.32067/GIE.2021.35.01.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32067/GIE.2021.35.01.02","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To investigate the association of pain perception of inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) block injection and access cavity preparation with psychological factors in patients undergoing endodontic treatment. \u0000Methodology: In this observational study, out of 208 patients who had lower molar with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis, 165 patients completed the study. Psychological factors comprising anxiety, depression and personality traits were evaluated by Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale and short form of NEO Five-Factor Inventory. Procedural pain comprising needle insertion and anesthesia solution deposition during IAN block injection as well as access cavity preparation was rated based on the Heft-Parker visual analog scale. Binary logistic regression was used to determine odd ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). \u0000Results: The mean (standard deviation) age of patients was 34.63 (12.42) in which, females comprised 72.7% (n=120). Considering the psychological factors, the anxious and depressed individuals constituted 38.8 % and 32.7% of the participants, respectively. By adjusting the socio-demographic factors, depression score during needle injection and anesthetic solution deposition were the risk factors for higher levels of pain (OR=1.12; 95% CI=1.03_1.29 and OR=1.13; 95% CI=1.05_1.32 respectively). Among the personality traits, just neuroticism at needle insertion and anesthetic solution deposition associated with higher levels of pain (OR=1.11; 95% CI=1.02_1.28 and OR=1.09; 95% CI=1.01_1.20 respectively). \u0000Conclusions: Coupling with the effect of physiological aspects (depression and neuroticism) on the perception of pain at the needle insertion and anesthetic solution during IAN block injection, a multidisciplinary effort both by dentists and by psychologists might improve dental services for some patients.","PeriodicalId":42221,"journal":{"name":"Giornale Italiano di Endodonzia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72472270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-03DOI: 10.32067/GIE.2021.35.01.09
M. Karam, C. Zogheib, I. Khalil
Aim: Most authors have recognized that coronal pre-flaring has several advantages and it provides accordance with the objectives of endodontic treatment. Together with glidepath, it constitutes the most appropriate work sequence for the success of canal shaping. The purpose of this study was to compare the influence of glidepath on canal transportation and centring ability, using the WaveOne Gold with and without glidepath. Methodology: 40 standard clear resin “S” shaped Endo Training Blocks (Dentsply, Maillefer, Switzerland) divided into two groups of 20 blocks were used in this study. The first group was prepared using WaveOne Gold Glider and WaveOne Gold while the second group was prepared with WaveOne Gold only. After the preparation, the amount of canal transportation, centring ratio, angle and radius of curvature, were measured on superimposed photos taken with an optical microscope. The two groups were statistically compared with analysis of variance, Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Student significant difference test. The level of significance was set at P<0.05. Results: Less transportation and better centring ability occurred when using glidepath before root canal preparation (P<.0001). In these two groups there was a significant variation in the angles and radius of curvature compared to the initial values and this variation was found to be reduced when using glidepath. Conclusions: Canal modifications seem to be significantly reduced when previous glide path was performed before using the WaveOne Gold. The use of glidepath reduced significantly the root canal transportation, minimized the curvatures straightening after the preparation and revealed a better centring ability.
{"title":"Shaping ability of WaveOne Gold reciprocating file with and without glidepath in artificial S-shaped canals","authors":"M. Karam, C. Zogheib, I. Khalil","doi":"10.32067/GIE.2021.35.01.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32067/GIE.2021.35.01.09","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: Most authors have recognized that coronal pre-flaring has several advantages and it provides accordance with the objectives of endodontic treatment. Together with glidepath, it constitutes the most appropriate work sequence for the success of canal shaping. The purpose of this study was to compare the influence of glidepath on canal transportation and centring ability, using the WaveOne Gold with and without glidepath. \u0000Methodology: 40 standard clear resin “S” shaped Endo Training Blocks (Dentsply, Maillefer, Switzerland) divided into two groups of 20 blocks were used in this study. The first group was prepared using WaveOne Gold Glider and WaveOne Gold while the second group was prepared with WaveOne Gold only. After the preparation, the amount of canal transportation, centring ratio, angle and radius of curvature, were measured on superimposed photos taken with an optical microscope. The two groups were statistically compared with analysis of variance, Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Student significant difference test. The level of significance was set at P<0.05. \u0000Results: Less transportation and better centring ability occurred when using glidepath before root canal preparation (P<.0001). In these two groups there was a significant variation in the angles and radius of curvature compared to the initial values and this variation was found to be reduced when using glidepath. \u0000Conclusions: Canal modifications seem to be significantly reduced when previous glide path was performed before using the WaveOne Gold. The use of glidepath reduced significantly the root canal transportation, minimized the curvatures straightening after the preparation and revealed a better centring ability.","PeriodicalId":42221,"journal":{"name":"Giornale Italiano di Endodonzia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90171695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-08DOI: 10.32067/GIE.2021.35.01.04
S. Saber, T. Abdelaziz, C. Pirani
Aim: To assess the amount of apically extruded debris during root canal shaping using various nickel–titanium single-file systems. Methodology: Seventy-two extracted single-rooted human mandibular incisors were assigned randomly to six groups (n=12). The canals were instrumented with the following nickel-titanium single-file systems 25 diameter at the tip: WaveOne (Dentsply Sirona Endodontics), WaveOne Gold (Dentsply Sirona Endodontics), Reciproc (VDW, Munich, Germany), Reciproc Blue (VDW, Munich, Germany), OneShape (Micro-Mega, Besancon Cedex, France) and Hyflex EDM (Coltene/ Whaledent AG, Switzerland). Apically extruded debris during root canal shaping were collected into pre-weighed Eppendorf tubes stored in an incubator at 70 °C for five days. The weight of the dry extruded debris was established by subtracting the pre-instrumentation and post-instrumentation weight of the Eppendorf tubes for each group. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's post hoc tests. Results: All the tested files were associated with apical extrusion of debris. There was no significant difference between examined files regarding the amount of debris extruded during canal shaping (P>0.05). Conclusions: Single-file tested systems produced debris extrusion, and the amount of debris was independent of the used instrumentation technique.
{"title":"Comparison of apically extruded debris during canal shaping with single‑file systems","authors":"S. Saber, T. Abdelaziz, C. Pirani","doi":"10.32067/GIE.2021.35.01.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32067/GIE.2021.35.01.04","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To assess the amount of apically extruded debris during root canal shaping using various nickel–titanium single-file systems. \u0000Methodology: Seventy-two extracted single-rooted human mandibular incisors were assigned randomly to six groups (n=12). The canals were instrumented with the following nickel-titanium single-file systems 25 diameter at the tip: WaveOne (Dentsply Sirona Endodontics), WaveOne Gold (Dentsply Sirona Endodontics), Reciproc (VDW, Munich, Germany), Reciproc Blue (VDW, Munich, Germany), OneShape (Micro-Mega, Besancon Cedex, France) and Hyflex EDM (Coltene/ Whaledent AG, Switzerland). Apically extruded debris during root canal shaping were collected into pre-weighed Eppendorf tubes stored in an incubator at 70 °C for five days. The weight of the dry extruded debris was established by subtracting the pre-instrumentation and post-instrumentation weight of the Eppendorf tubes for each group. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's post hoc tests. \u0000Results: All the tested files were associated with apical extrusion of debris. There was no significant difference between examined files regarding the amount of debris extruded during canal shaping (P>0.05). \u0000Conclusions: Single-file tested systems produced debris extrusion, and the amount of debris was independent of the used instrumentation technique.","PeriodicalId":42221,"journal":{"name":"Giornale Italiano di Endodonzia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90589524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-08DOI: 10.32067/GIE.2021.35.01.06
Elson Lopes Medeiros Junior, A. Limoeiro, Alexandra Tanomaro, Adriana de Jesus Soares, Gabriel Fillipe Centini Campos, Nelson T. Mohara, Wayne Martins, Danilo de Luca Campos, M. Frozoni
Aim: This study evaluated the cyclic fatigue resistance of XP-Endo Finisher (XPF), associated with two different irrigation solutions: sodium hypochlorite 6% (NaOCl) or chlorhexidine digluconate gel 2% (CHX) in a dynamic model. The null hypothesis tested was that there was no statistically significant difference. Methodology: 30 new files were divided into three groups (n=10) based on the irrigation solution used. Group 1: XPF using CHX as an irrigation solution; Group 2: XPF using NaOCl as an irrigation solution; Group 3 (control group): XPF using lubricating oil (LO). The artificial canal was manufactured measuring 1.5 mm wide, 20 mm long, and 3.5 mm deep with a straight cervical segment measuring 14.29 mm. A curved apical segment 4.71 mm with 3 mm radius and 90° of curvature and an ending with straight apical portion measuring 1 mm long. Resistance to cyclic fatigue was determined by recording time to fracture, and the file surface was examined under scanning electron microscopy. Results: Data were tabulated and subjected to statistical analysis of variance. Student-Newman-Keuls test for multiple comparisons, with a significance level of 5%. The average time took for file fracture was 306.7 seconds for 2% chlorhexidine and 67,6 for 6% sodium hypochlorite. 2% CHX was significantly different from the NaOCl and LO groups (P< .001). Conclusions: XPF presented the best results of fracture time and the number of cycles to fracture when used along with 2% chlorhexidine in canals with severe apical curvature, and there was no statistical difference in fragment size.
{"title":"Influence of sodium hypochlorite and chlorexidine on the dynamic cyclic fatigue resistance of XP-Endo Finisher instruments","authors":"Elson Lopes Medeiros Junior, A. Limoeiro, Alexandra Tanomaro, Adriana de Jesus Soares, Gabriel Fillipe Centini Campos, Nelson T. Mohara, Wayne Martins, Danilo de Luca Campos, M. Frozoni","doi":"10.32067/GIE.2021.35.01.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32067/GIE.2021.35.01.06","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: This study evaluated the cyclic fatigue resistance of XP-Endo Finisher (XPF), associated with two different irrigation solutions: sodium hypochlorite 6% (NaOCl) or chlorhexidine digluconate gel 2% (CHX) in a dynamic model. The null hypothesis tested was that there was no statistically significant difference. \u0000Methodology: 30 new files were divided into three groups (n=10) based on the irrigation solution used. Group 1: XPF using CHX as an irrigation solution; Group 2: XPF using NaOCl as an irrigation solution; Group 3 (control group): XPF using lubricating oil (LO). The artificial canal was manufactured measuring 1.5 mm wide, 20 mm long, and 3.5 mm deep with a straight cervical segment measuring 14.29 mm. A curved apical segment 4.71 mm with 3 mm radius and 90° of curvature and an ending with straight apical portion measuring 1 mm long. Resistance to cyclic fatigue was determined by recording time to fracture, and the file surface was examined under scanning electron microscopy. \u0000Results: Data were tabulated and subjected to statistical analysis of variance. Student-Newman-Keuls test for multiple comparisons, with a significance level of 5%. The average time took for file fracture was 306.7 seconds for 2% chlorhexidine and 67,6 for 6% sodium hypochlorite. 2% CHX was significantly different from the NaOCl and LO groups (P< .001). \u0000Conclusions: XPF presented the best results of fracture time and the number of cycles to fracture when used along with 2% chlorhexidine in canals with severe apical curvature, and there was no statistical difference in fragment size.","PeriodicalId":42221,"journal":{"name":"Giornale Italiano di Endodonzia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83983935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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