Pub Date : 2020-06-04DOI: 10.32067/GIE.2020.34.01.09
Laís Dornelles Bianchini, B. M. Vetromilla, J. Skupien, C. Soares, T. Pereira-Cenci
Aim: This systematic review aimed to answer what is the best way to remove prefabricated metallic, fiber or cast metal posts. Methodology: An electronic search was conducted in Medline and Scopus databases to identify clinical and in vitro studies that assessed post removal techniques from 1950 to October 2018. Tables were generated to summarize the included studies and reports were assessed for bias using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the force necessary to remove posts (α=5%). Results: Of the 2,951 studies identified in the initial search, 33 were selected. The duration of using ultrasonic vibrations (and the number of surfaces where the vibration was applied) led to less time spent and less force needed to dislodge a metal post. Dentist’s expertise (more than 10 years) was also related to easier post removal. The use of adhesive cements resulted in a more difficult protocol for post removal. Conclusions: Although there is need for more consistent results, the data summarized and meta-analysis points toward the use of ultrasonic energy as the first option to remove posts, with best results for metal posts.
{"title":"Post removal techniques: a systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Laís Dornelles Bianchini, B. M. Vetromilla, J. Skupien, C. Soares, T. Pereira-Cenci","doi":"10.32067/GIE.2020.34.01.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32067/GIE.2020.34.01.09","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: This systematic review aimed to answer what is the best way to remove prefabricated metallic, fiber or cast metal posts. \u0000Methodology: An electronic search was conducted in Medline and Scopus databases to identify clinical and in vitro studies that assessed post removal techniques from 1950 to October 2018. Tables were generated to summarize the included studies and reports were assessed for bias using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the force necessary to remove posts (α=5%). \u0000Results: Of the 2,951 studies identified in the initial search, 33 were selected. The duration of using ultrasonic vibrations (and the number of surfaces where the vibration was applied) led to less time spent and less force needed to dislodge a metal post. Dentist’s expertise (more than 10 years) was also related to easier post removal. The use of adhesive cements resulted in a more difficult protocol for post removal. \u0000Conclusions: Although there is need for more consistent results, the data summarized and meta-analysis points toward the use of ultrasonic energy as the first option to remove posts, with best results for metal posts.","PeriodicalId":42221,"journal":{"name":"Giornale Italiano di Endodonzia","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87058501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-04DOI: 10.32067/GIE.2020.34.01.11
Kasra Rahimipour, N. Panahandeh, S. Sheikh-Al-Eslamian, R. Mousavi, H. Torabzadeh
Aim: This study aimed to assess the effect of composite thickness over the fiber post on fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth. Methods: This in vitro, experimental study was performed on 50 sound human premolars, which were randomly divided into 5 groups (n=10). Teeth in Group 1 remained intact while other specimens underwent root canal treatment with a Mesio-occluso-distal (MOD) cavity preparation, restored with fiber posts with a distance of 1.5 mm to the occlusal surface in groups 2 and 4 and 0.5 mm in groups 3 and 5. 24 hours of incubation was applied for groups 1-3 and 1 year of incubation for groups 4 and 5. Thereafter fracture strength measured using a Universal Testing Machine at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/minute. Data were analyzed using Shapiro-Wilk, Two-Way ANOVA and Tukey HSD. Results: The results showed a significant difference in terms of fracture resistance (P 0.05). Also, Tukey HSD revealed no statistically significant differences between Group 1 and 4 at one year. However, Group 1 (1255.25±280.61N) exhibited significantly higher fracture resistance than that of Group 5 (855.72±300.20N) at one year (P=0.027). The difference between other groups was not significant at any time point (P>0.05). Conclusions: By covering the fiber post with 1.5 mm thickness of composite resin and cuspal reduction of 2 mm, the fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth can be increased to the level of sound teeth.
{"title":"Effect of composite thickness over the fiber post on fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth","authors":"Kasra Rahimipour, N. Panahandeh, S. Sheikh-Al-Eslamian, R. Mousavi, H. Torabzadeh","doi":"10.32067/GIE.2020.34.01.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32067/GIE.2020.34.01.11","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: This study aimed to assess the effect of composite thickness over the fiber post on fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth. \u0000Methods: This in vitro, experimental study was performed on 50 sound human premolars, which were randomly divided into 5 groups (n=10). Teeth in Group 1 remained intact while other specimens underwent root canal treatment with a Mesio-occluso-distal (MOD) cavity preparation, restored with fiber posts with a distance of 1.5 mm to the occlusal surface in groups 2 and 4 and 0.5 mm in groups 3 and 5. 24 hours of incubation was applied for groups 1-3 and 1 year of incubation for groups 4 and 5. Thereafter fracture strength measured using a Universal Testing Machine at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/minute. Data were analyzed using Shapiro-Wilk, Two-Way ANOVA and Tukey HSD. \u0000Results: The results showed a significant difference in terms of fracture resistance (P 0.05). Also, Tukey HSD revealed no statistically significant differences between Group 1 and 4 at one year. However, Group 1 (1255.25±280.61N) exhibited significantly higher fracture resistance than that of Group 5 (855.72±300.20N) at one year (P=0.027). The difference between other groups was not significant at any time point (P>0.05). \u0000Conclusions: By covering the fiber post with 1.5 mm thickness of composite resin and cuspal reduction of 2 mm, the fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth can be increased to the level of sound teeth.","PeriodicalId":42221,"journal":{"name":"Giornale Italiano di Endodonzia","volume":"120 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78548352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-04DOI: 10.32067/GIE.2020.34.01.10
A. Azizi, Reza Hatam, P. Soltani, S. Miri, R. Abiri
Aim: To compare the effectiveness of Reciproc, Wave One, Protaper, and One Shape rotary instruments in reduction of E. faecalis in root canals. Methodology: In this in-vitro study, after initial stages of canal enlargement and irrigation, a suspension containing Entrococcus faecalis was inoculated into the root canals of 84 extracted single-canal premolars. The samples (apart from 2 positive and 2 negative controls) were randomly assigned into 4 groups according to rotary instruments used: Reciproc, Wave One, One Shape, Protaper. Each group was then subdivided to 2 groups based on irrigating solutions of normal saline and NaOCl. After instrumentation, the root canals were filled with brain-heart infusion (BHI) broth. Finally bacterial colony forming units (CFU) were counted. Results: Reduction in number of bacterial colonies before and after instrumentation and irrigation was not significantly different in different rotary instrument systems (P=0.128, F=1.955). However, NaOCl was more effective in reduction of bacterial load compared to normal saline (P<0.001, F=15.528). Conclusions: All rotary instruments used in the study are effective in reduction of the bacterial load.
{"title":"Comparison of effectiveness of Reciproc, Wave One, Protaper, and One Shape rotary instruments in reduction of bacterial load in root canals","authors":"A. Azizi, Reza Hatam, P. Soltani, S. Miri, R. Abiri","doi":"10.32067/GIE.2020.34.01.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32067/GIE.2020.34.01.10","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To compare the effectiveness of Reciproc, Wave One, Protaper, and One Shape rotary instruments in reduction of E. faecalis in root canals. \u0000Methodology: In this in-vitro study, after initial stages of canal enlargement and irrigation, a suspension containing Entrococcus faecalis was inoculated into the root canals of 84 extracted single-canal premolars. The samples (apart from 2 positive and 2 negative controls) were randomly assigned into 4 groups according to rotary instruments used: Reciproc, Wave One, One Shape, Protaper. Each group was then subdivided to 2 groups based on irrigating solutions of normal saline and NaOCl. After instrumentation, the root canals were filled with brain-heart infusion (BHI) broth. Finally bacterial colony forming units (CFU) were counted. \u0000Results: Reduction in number of bacterial colonies before and after instrumentation and irrigation was not significantly different in different rotary instrument systems (P=0.128, F=1.955). However, NaOCl was more effective in reduction of bacterial load compared to normal saline (P<0.001, F=15.528). \u0000Conclusions: All rotary instruments used in the study are effective in reduction of the bacterial load.","PeriodicalId":42221,"journal":{"name":"Giornale Italiano di Endodonzia","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76904558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-04DOI: 10.32067/GIE.2020.34.01.01
Vida Maseratt, Heshmatallah Shahraki Ebrahimi, E. Saberi, Arezoo Pirhaji, Niloofar Khosravil
Aim: This study aimed to compare the diagnostic accuracy of two cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) systems for detection of strip perforation in the mesiobuccal canal of mandibular molars after root canal treatment. Methodology: The curved mesiobuccal canals of mandibular first and second molars were instrumented as part of endodontic treatment. The canals were strip-perforated using #2 and #3 Gates-Glidden drills in distoaxial direction at 1 to 3 mm distance from the furcation. The canals were filled with gutta-percha and AH26 sealer with lateral compaction technique. The teeth were then mounted in dry bovine mandible and underwent CBCT using Acteon and NewTom CBCT systems. The CBCT scans were evaluated by two observers, and the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and accuracy of the two CBCT systems for detection of strip perforation were determined and compared. Results: The sensitivity and specificity for detection of strip perforation were 51.3% and 46.3% for Acteon, and 55% and 38.8% for NewTom CBCT system, respectively. The difference between the two CBCT systems for detection of strip perforation was not significant (Chi-square test, P>0.05). Conclusions: The accuracy of Acteon and NewTom CBCT systems for detection of strip perforation is low, and no significant difference was noted between the two systems in this respect.
{"title":"Diagnostic accuracy of two cone-beam computed tomography systems for detection of strip perforation in the mesial root of mandibular molars","authors":"Vida Maseratt, Heshmatallah Shahraki Ebrahimi, E. Saberi, Arezoo Pirhaji, Niloofar Khosravil","doi":"10.32067/GIE.2020.34.01.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32067/GIE.2020.34.01.01","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: This study aimed to compare the diagnostic accuracy of two cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) systems for detection of strip perforation in the mesiobuccal canal of mandibular molars after root canal treatment. \u0000Methodology: The curved mesiobuccal canals of mandibular first and second molars were instrumented as part of endodontic treatment. The canals were strip-perforated using #2 and #3 Gates-Glidden drills in distoaxial direction at 1 to 3 mm distance from the furcation. The canals were filled with gutta-percha and AH26 sealer with lateral compaction technique. The teeth were then mounted in dry bovine mandible and underwent CBCT using Acteon and NewTom CBCT systems. The CBCT scans were evaluated by two observers, and the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and accuracy of the two CBCT systems for detection of strip perforation were determined and compared. \u0000Results: The sensitivity and specificity for detection of strip perforation were 51.3% and 46.3% for Acteon, and 55% and 38.8% for NewTom CBCT system, respectively. The difference between the two CBCT systems for detection of strip perforation was not significant (Chi-square test, P>0.05). \u0000Conclusions: The accuracy of Acteon and NewTom CBCT systems for detection of strip perforation is low, and no significant difference was noted between the two systems in this respect.","PeriodicalId":42221,"journal":{"name":"Giornale Italiano di Endodonzia","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88563862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.32067/10.32067/GIE.2021.35.01.01
Bahareh Aghamohammadi Ameghani, A. Tavakoli, M. H. Tabatabaei, S. Valizadeh
Aim: This study aimed to compare the effects of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) on histological results of direct pulp capping (DPC) in dogs. Methodology: In this animal study, 36 class V cavities were prepared in the incisors of adult healthy mixed-breed dogs. The teeth were then randomly divided into three groups. No material was placed in the control teeth. MTA and PRF were placed on the exposure site in groups 2 and 3, respectively. After 2 months, the teeth were extracted under general anesthesia and were histological analyzed regarding inflammation, calcified bridge formation and necrosis. Data were analyzed using non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test. Pairwise comparisons were made using the Mann-Whitney U test. Results: There are no statistically significant differences in terms of pulp inflammation, dentinal bridge formation and necrosis among the treatment groups capping with MTA and PRF. (P Value >0.05), however, PRF and MTA were the same in all parameters, these groups were both significantly superior to the control group. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, PRF can be used for DPC as an alternative to MTA.
{"title":"Effects of mineral trioxide aggregate and platelet-rich fibrin on histological results of direct pulp capping in dogs","authors":"Bahareh Aghamohammadi Ameghani, A. Tavakoli, M. H. Tabatabaei, S. Valizadeh","doi":"10.32067/10.32067/GIE.2021.35.01.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32067/10.32067/GIE.2021.35.01.01","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: This study aimed to compare the effects of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) on histological results of direct pulp capping (DPC) in dogs. Methodology: In this animal study, 36 class V cavities were prepared in the incisors of adult healthy mixed-breed dogs. The teeth were then randomly divided into three groups. No material was placed in the control teeth. MTA and PRF were placed on the exposure site in groups 2 and 3, respectively. After 2 months, the teeth were extracted under general anesthesia and were histological analyzed regarding inflammation, calcified bridge formation and necrosis. Data were analyzed using non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test. Pairwise comparisons were made using the Mann-Whitney U test. Results: There are no statistically significant differences in terms of pulp inflammation, dentinal bridge formation and necrosis among the treatment groups capping with MTA and PRF. (P Value >0.05), however, PRF and MTA were the same in all parameters, these groups were both significantly superior to the control group. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, PRF can be used for DPC as an alternative to MTA.","PeriodicalId":42221,"journal":{"name":"Giornale Italiano di Endodonzia","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80670455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-31DOI: 10.32067/GIE.2019.33.02.02
C. Maniglia-Ferreira, F. Almeida-Gomes, Eduardo Diogo Gurgel Filho, Natalia Santiago, F. G. Pappen
Aim: The most common anatomical configuration of the mandibular molar is to present two roots and three or four canals, but it’s possible to find many different configurations. A case of unusual mandibular molar is presented to illustrate the anatomic root canal variation. Summary: Endodontic treatment was performed in a mandibular third molar with five roots, four in the mesial portion and one in the distal portion. The x-ray examination showed an abnormal root canal anatomy, suggesting the presence of extra mesial roots. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging revealed five roots and five root canals, with four independent roots in the mesial portion and one in the distal portion, indicating a rare anatomic configuration. This case report presents the importance of searching for extra canals and the unusual canal morphology, because the knowledge of the most common anatomic characteristics and their possible variations is fundamental to the endodontic treatment success. Key learning points: (A) The major cause of failure in root canal therapy is the inability to localize and treat all of the canals of the root canal system. (B) Mandibular molars may have complex canal systems and variations. (C) The operating microscope and CBCT interpretation are fundamental in confirming and preventing mistakes about the configuration of root canals.
{"title":"A mandibular molar with four independent mesial roots: a case report","authors":"C. Maniglia-Ferreira, F. Almeida-Gomes, Eduardo Diogo Gurgel Filho, Natalia Santiago, F. G. Pappen","doi":"10.32067/GIE.2019.33.02.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32067/GIE.2019.33.02.02","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The most common anatomical configuration of the mandibular molar is to present two roots and three or four canals, but it’s possible to find many different configurations. A case of unusual mandibular molar is presented to illustrate the anatomic root canal variation. \u0000Summary: Endodontic treatment was performed in a mandibular third molar with five roots, four in the mesial portion and one in the distal portion. The x-ray examination showed an abnormal root canal anatomy, suggesting the presence of extra mesial roots. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging revealed five roots and five root canals, with four independent roots in the mesial portion and one in the distal portion, indicating a rare anatomic configuration. This case report presents the importance of searching for extra canals and the unusual canal morphology, because the knowledge of the most common anatomic characteristics and their possible variations is fundamental to the endodontic treatment success. \u0000Key learning points: (A) The major cause of failure in root canal therapy is the inability to localize and treat all of the canals of the root canal system. (B) Mandibular molars may have complex canal systems and variations. (C) The operating microscope and CBCT interpretation are fundamental in confirming and preventing mistakes about the configuration of root canals.","PeriodicalId":42221,"journal":{"name":"Giornale Italiano di Endodonzia","volume":"90 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80337054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-31DOI: 10.32067/GIE.2019.33.02.01
Maryam Kuzekanani, G. Plotino, J. Gutmann
The use of lasers within the scope of endodontic practice and research has increased significantly in the past few years. Lasers are generally classified according to their physical constructions and special wavelengths, which have impacts on their enhanced clinical usage. Lasers according to their physical constructions are divided into three groups. The first type is the solid state laser, so named because the medium, undergoing lasing, is in a solid form. Ruby laser is the prototype of all solid state lasers. By forming crystalline materials that are doped with rare earth elements a wide range of solid state lasers can be produced. Some of the most common types of solid state lasers use the YAG (Yttrium Aluminium Garnet) crystal (Holmium:YAG, Thulium:YAG Neodymium:YAG and Erbium:YAG) and the YSGG (Yttrium Scandium Gallium Garnet) crystal (Er,Cr:YSGG) as their base. The second major family of lasers are the gas lasers. In this group the lasing material that is ionized can be Argon gas, Carbon dioxide gas, Nitrogen gas or a Helium-Neon (He:Ne) gas mixture. The third family of lasers are the Diode lasers, which produce wavelengths in the visible spectrum. The most frequently used lasers in endodontics are: Neodymium:YAG (Nd:YAG), Diode Laser, Erbium:YAG (Er:YAG), Erbium Chromium:YSGG (Er,Cr:YSGG) and He:Ne laser. This paper reviews the most common applications of lasers in endodontics that include Laser Doppler Flowmetry (LDF), treatment of dentinal hypersensitivity, pulpotomy and pulp capping and root canal disinfection through laser activated irrigation and photo-activated root canal disinfection (PAD).
{"title":"Current applications of lasers in endodontics","authors":"Maryam Kuzekanani, G. Plotino, J. Gutmann","doi":"10.32067/GIE.2019.33.02.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32067/GIE.2019.33.02.01","url":null,"abstract":"The use of lasers within the scope of endodontic practice and research has increased significantly in the past few years. Lasers are generally classified according to their physical constructions and special wavelengths, which have impacts on their enhanced clinical usage. Lasers according to their physical constructions are divided into three groups. The first type is the solid state laser, so named because the medium, undergoing lasing, is in a solid form. Ruby laser is the prototype of all solid state lasers. By forming crystalline materials that are doped with rare earth elements a wide range of solid state lasers can be produced. Some of the most common types of solid state lasers use the YAG (Yttrium Aluminium Garnet) crystal (Holmium:YAG, Thulium:YAG Neodymium:YAG and Erbium:YAG) and the YSGG (Yttrium Scandium Gallium Garnet) crystal (Er,Cr:YSGG) as their base. The second major family of lasers are the gas lasers. In this group the lasing material that is ionized can be Argon gas, Carbon dioxide gas, Nitrogen gas or a Helium-Neon (He:Ne) gas mixture. The third family of lasers are the Diode lasers, which produce wavelengths in the visible spectrum. The most frequently used lasers in endodontics are: Neodymium:YAG (Nd:YAG), Diode Laser, Erbium:YAG (Er:YAG), Erbium Chromium:YSGG (Er,Cr:YSGG) and He:Ne laser. This paper reviews the most common applications of lasers in endodontics that include Laser Doppler Flowmetry (LDF), treatment of dentinal hypersensitivity, pulpotomy and pulp capping and root canal disinfection through laser activated irrigation and photo-activated root canal disinfection (PAD).","PeriodicalId":42221,"journal":{"name":"Giornale Italiano di Endodonzia","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81591642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-31DOI: 10.32067/GIE.2019.33.02.05
S. Stefanescu, M. Popescu, L. Tudoran, Haider Al-Saffar
Aim: Aim of the present study was to assess any signs of Ni-Ti alloy remnants in the root canal after preparation and investigate if this aspect may be influenced by the steam sterilization of the files. Materials and Methods: 20 extracted upper first premolars with complete root formation and apical foramina and three kits of BioRace instruments (FKG, Le Chaux-of-Fonds, Switzerland) were used in the present study. The first BioRace kit was used to prepare 10 teeth (20 canals), without sterilization between the root canal preparations, while the second sample group was subjected to steam sterilization after each tooth (two canals) prepared. The third kit of instruments was used as a control group. Files were then analyzed by means of scanning electron microscope (SEM) using magnifications between 500 and 4.000x. Images were taken on sections D1-D8 of each file. Files weight was measured using a precision weight scale with readability of 0,001g to quantify the possible alloy loss and file degradation occurred during their use. Teeth were then sectioned on their length and submitted to EDX analysis in search of possible alloy particles within the root canals, using magnifications between 30 and 300x. In the same manner, the irrigant used during the root shaping was collected and analyzed. Differences in weight were statistically analysed using the independent sample Student t-test (p<0.05). Results: No file separation was registered in both groups analyzed. Weight measurements and SEM micrographs showed signs of higher degradation for samples from group 2. EDX analysis showed some Ni-Ti particles in roots prepared in group 2. Conclusions: Metal strips, weight loss and micro-fractures appeared on the files subjected to steam sterilization between the uses. Ni-Ti particles detached from files, during their intra-canal use were found on the root canal walls.
目的:本研究的目的是评估制备后根管中是否有镍钛合金残留的迹象，并探讨蒸汽灭菌对这方面的影响。材料与方法:本研究使用20颗拔牙的上颌第一前磨牙，牙根形成完整，有尖孔，3套BioRace仪器(FKG, Le Chaux-of-Fonds，瑞士)。第一组使用BioRace试剂盒制备10颗牙(20根管)，两次根管制备之间不进行灭菌，第二组在每颗牙(2根管)制备后进行蒸汽灭菌。第三套仪器作为对照组。然后通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析文件，使用500到4.000倍的放大倍数。在每个文件的D1-D8切片上拍照。锉刀的重量是用精度重量秤测量的，可读性为0.001 g，以量化在使用过程中可能发生的合金损失和锉刀退化。然后根据牙齿的长度对其进行切片，并提交给EDX分析，使用30到300倍的放大倍数来寻找根管内可能的合金颗粒。以同样的方式，收集和分析了根成型过程中使用的灌溉剂。体重差异采用独立样本Student t检验进行统计学分析(p<0.05)。结果:两组均未见文件分离。重量测量和SEM显微照片显示，2组样品的降解程度更高。EDX分析显示，2组制备的根中有Ni-Ti颗粒。结论:蒸汽灭菌锉在使用间隙出现金属条、重量减轻和微断裂现象。在根管内使用时，在根管壁上发现镍钛颗粒脱落。
{"title":"Ni-Ti alloy remnants after root canal preparation with Ni-Ti engine-driven files: a preliminary report","authors":"S. Stefanescu, M. Popescu, L. Tudoran, Haider Al-Saffar","doi":"10.32067/GIE.2019.33.02.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32067/GIE.2019.33.02.05","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: Aim of the present study was to assess any signs of Ni-Ti alloy remnants in the root canal after preparation and investigate if this aspect may be influenced by the steam sterilization of the files. \u0000Materials and Methods: 20 extracted upper first premolars with complete root formation and apical foramina and three kits of BioRace instruments (FKG, Le Chaux-of-Fonds, Switzerland) were used in the present study. The first BioRace kit was used to prepare 10 teeth (20 canals), without sterilization between the root canal preparations, while the second sample group was subjected to steam sterilization after each tooth (two canals) prepared. The third kit of instruments was used as a control group. Files were then analyzed by means of scanning electron microscope (SEM) using magnifications between 500 and 4.000x. Images were taken on sections D1-D8 of each file. Files weight was measured using a precision weight scale with readability of 0,001g to quantify the possible alloy loss and file degradation occurred during their use. Teeth were then sectioned on their length and submitted to EDX analysis in search of possible alloy particles within the root canals, using magnifications between 30 and 300x. In the same manner, the irrigant used during the root shaping was collected and analyzed. Differences in weight were statistically analysed using the independent sample Student t-test (p<0.05). \u0000Results: No file separation was registered in both groups analyzed. Weight measurements and SEM micrographs showed signs of higher degradation for samples from group 2. EDX analysis showed some Ni-Ti particles in roots prepared in group 2. \u0000Conclusions: Metal strips, weight loss and micro-fractures appeared on the files subjected to steam sterilization between the uses. Ni-Ti particles detached from files, during their intra-canal use were found on the root canal walls.","PeriodicalId":42221,"journal":{"name":"Giornale Italiano di Endodonzia","volume":"120 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85640501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-31DOI: 10.32067/GIE.2019.33.02.06
Ellizandra Anater Lecardelli, V. Poletto-Neto, F. G. Pappen, T. Pereira-Cenci, R. D. Morgental
Aim: To investigate the effects of dentinal treatment with chlorhexidine and isopropyl alcohol, alone or associated, on the bond strength and bond stability of glass fiber posts cemented with a self-adhesive resin cement. Materials and Methods: Forty bovine teeth were endodontically treated and randomly distributed into four groups, according to the dentinal treatment after post space preparation: distilled water (Control); 2% chlorhexidine (CHX); isopropyl alcohol (ISO); 2% chlorhexidine + isopropyl alcohol (CHX+ISO). Glass fiber posts were cemented with a self-adhesive resin cement and after 24 h specimens were cut into six 1.5 mm-thick slices. One slice of each root third (i.e. apical, middle and coronal) was subjected to immediate push-out test and the other was stored in distilled water at 37 °C for six months for delayed push-out test. Bond strength was registered in megapascal (MPa). Failure mode was evaluated by a stereomicroscope, with 40x magnification. Data analysis was performed using Kruskal-Wallis and Friedman tests, with 5% significance level. Results: No significant differences were detected between experimental groups or between root thirds in the same group in the immediate evaluation. After six months of aging, all groups showed a significant decrease in bond strength values, but ISO group presented higher bond strength than Control and CHX groups (p=0.0001). The most common type of failure for all groups was adhesive between resin cement and root dentine. Conclusions: Dentinal treatment with CHX and ISO, isolated or combined, did not affect the immediate bond strength of glass fiber posts, but the ISO group presented better bond stability after six-month aging.
{"title":"Effect of chlorhexidine and isopropyl alcohol on immediate and delayed bond strength of glass fiber posts","authors":"Ellizandra Anater Lecardelli, V. Poletto-Neto, F. G. Pappen, T. Pereira-Cenci, R. D. Morgental","doi":"10.32067/GIE.2019.33.02.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32067/GIE.2019.33.02.06","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To investigate the effects of dentinal treatment with chlorhexidine and isopropyl alcohol, alone or associated, on the bond strength and bond stability of glass fiber posts cemented with a self-adhesive resin cement. \u0000Materials and Methods: Forty bovine teeth were endodontically treated and randomly distributed into four groups, according to the dentinal treatment after post space preparation: distilled water (Control); 2% chlorhexidine (CHX); isopropyl alcohol (ISO); 2% chlorhexidine + isopropyl alcohol (CHX+ISO). Glass fiber posts were cemented with a self-adhesive resin cement and after 24 h specimens were cut into six 1.5 mm-thick slices. One slice of each root third (i.e. apical, middle and coronal) was subjected to immediate push-out test and the other was stored in distilled water at 37 °C for six months for delayed push-out test. Bond strength was registered in megapascal (MPa). Failure mode was evaluated by a stereomicroscope, with 40x magnification. Data analysis was performed using Kruskal-Wallis and Friedman tests, with 5% significance level. Results: No significant differences were detected between experimental groups or between root thirds in the same group in the immediate evaluation. After six months of aging, all groups showed a significant decrease in bond strength values, but ISO group presented higher bond strength than Control and CHX groups (p=0.0001). The most common type of failure for all groups was adhesive between resin cement and root dentine. \u0000Conclusions: Dentinal treatment with CHX and ISO, isolated or combined, did not affect the immediate bond strength of glass fiber posts, but the ISO group presented better bond stability after six-month aging.","PeriodicalId":42221,"journal":{"name":"Giornale Italiano di Endodonzia","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78115178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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