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Assessment of highway infrastructure projects in Latin America and Perú from the competences point of view 从能力角度评估拉丁美洲和秘鲁的公路基础设施项目
IF 2.1 Q3 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2017-01-27 DOI: 10.1515/otmcj-2016-0016
Germán Gallardo Zevallos, Tatiana Machicao, M. Romero
Abstract It is stressed that Latin America and Perú should become more competitive. Under the actual development scenarios, attention to competences of programme managers and project managers related to public transportation infrastructure projects has risen substantially. An inefficient bureaucratic system is related with deficiencies of people skills and competences. On the other hand, an excellent system demands quality of the system and quality of people working in it. Thus, it is important to have excellence in administration and excellent administrators in the public sector. Three main lacking elements have been identified: i) lack of good education; ii) absence of fair salaries in the public sector; and iii) lack of incentives. Many misconceptions and disputed consequences have been observed and analyzed. It is clear that there is lack of competence among infrastructure transport project managers and teams, which causes trouble with the main goal of Peru getting benefits from these investments and achieving sustainable development. Furthermore, the right way to achieve these benefits is through a new model of education for project managers and programme managers in Perú. This education should be based more on competences than on qualifications. Thus, the International Project Management Association (IPMA) competence baseline, which is the standard that best fits to these needs, needs to be implemented to achieve the real contribution and benefits of these projects to society.
强调拉美和Perú应该变得更有竞争力。在实际发展情景下,对公共交通基础设施项目的方案经理和项目经理能力的重视程度大大提高。效率低下的官僚制度与人际交往技能和能力的不足有关。另一方面,一个优秀的制度要求制度的质量和工作人员的质量。因此,优秀的行政管理和优秀的行政人员在公共部门是很重要的。确定了三个主要的缺乏因素:i)缺乏良好的教育;Ii)公共部门缺乏公平的工资;三是缺乏激励机制。观察和分析了许多误解和有争议的后果。很明显,基础设施运输项目经理和团队缺乏能力,这给秘鲁从这些投资中获益和实现可持续发展的主要目标带来了麻烦。此外,实现这些好处的正确方法是通过Perú项目经理和方案经理的新教育模式。这种教育应该更多地以能力而不是资格为基础。因此,需要实施国际项目管理协会(IPMA)能力基线,这是最适合这些需求的标准,以实现这些项目对社会的真正贡献和利益。
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引用次数: 1
Construction mediation and its hybridization: the case of the Hong Kong construction industry 建筑调解及其融合:以香港建造业为例
IF 2.1 Q3 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2017-01-27 DOI: 10.1515/otmcj-2016-0015
Pui-Lam Ng, A. Banaitis
Abstract In view of the sophisticated nature of construction disputes, specialized dispute resolution mechanisms are of pivotal importance to the satisfactory settlement between disputing parties. Among the various construction dispute resolution mechanisms, mediation has been increasingly gaining recognition and acceptance. Its hybrid, namely mediation–arbitration (med-arb), has also emerged and has started receiving attention and appreciation. With special reference to the construction industry practice in Hong Kong, a commentary on the respective merits and demerits of construction mediation and construction med-arb, as well as the ways forward, are presented in this article.
摘要鉴于建筑工程纠纷的复杂性,专业的纠纷解决机制对于纠纷当事人之间的圆满解决至关重要。在各种建筑纠纷解决机制中,调解越来越受到人们的认可和接受。它的混合形式,即调解-仲裁(med-arb)也出现了,并开始受到关注和赞赏。本文特别参考香港建造业的实践,就建筑调解和建筑仲裁各自的优缺点,以及未来的路向作出评论。
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引用次数: 19
Innovation of education for the development of key competencies of university graduates 创新教育培养高校毕业生核心能力
IF 2.1 Q3 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2017-01-27 DOI: 10.1515/otmcj-2016-0019
R. Baskova, Z. Struková
Abstract Competency-based education is a new trend in the process of teaching to support and develop the competencies of graduates. This challenge of the European Union aimed at changes in learning processes contributes to improvement in the educational qualifications of the population. Recently, in Europe and Slovakia, several research studies aimed at key competencies of graduates have been conducted. This paper provides the results of the study aimed at identification of key competencies of graduates of the study program Construction Technology and Management. A proposal for innovations in learning forms is presented as an output of the national project “Universities as Engines of Knowledge Society Development”. The innovations will influence the development of profession-specific and transferable competencies of graduates of the afore-mentioned study program at the Faculty of Civil Engineering in Technical University of Košice, Slovakia.
摘要能力本位教育是支持和培养毕业生能力的教学过程中的一种新趋势。欧洲联盟旨在改变学习过程的这一挑战有助于提高人民的教育资格。最近,在欧洲和斯洛伐克进行了几项针对毕业生关键能力的研究。本文提供了旨在确定建筑技术与管理专业毕业生关键能力的研究结果。作为“大学是知识社会发展的引擎”国家项目的成果,提出了一项关于学习形式创新的建议。这些创新将影响斯洛伐克科希策工业大学土木工程学院上述研究项目毕业生的专业特定能力和可转移能力的发展。
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引用次数: 1
Preliminary estimate for reinforcement steel quantity in residential buildings 住宅建筑配筋量初步估算
IF 2.1 Q3 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2016-12-15 DOI: 10.1515/OTMCJ-2016-0006
Mahamid Ibrahim
The objective of this study was to develop prediction mathematical equations to compute reinforcement steel quantity in traditional residential buildings based on 158 sets of data collected in the West Bank in Palestine. The records related to the quantities were collected from consultancy firms that provide reinforced concrete design services. The data were collected for residential buildings up to four floors. Linear regression analysis was chosen to show the correlation between the included variables. The following variables were used in the regression models: quantity of reinforcement steel (dependent variable), structural element volume (independent variable) and floor area (independent variable). Fourteen models were developed; nine models were developed to compute the quantity of reinforcement steel in different structural elements: slabs, beams, columns and footings. The other five models were used to estimate the total steel quantity in a residential building. The coefficient of multiple determination (R2) of the developed models ranged from 0.70 to 0.82. This confirms a good correlation between the dependent and the independent variables. The accuracy of the developed models was tested using the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) test. With MAPE values ranging from 21% to 36%, the results compare favourably with past research that indicated that accuracy between ±25% and ±50% at the early stages is acceptable. The results also show that the models built on structural element size have better accuracy than the models using floor area. Such types of equations are very useful, especially in their simplicity and ability to be handled by calculators or simple computer programmes.
本研究的目的是基于在巴勒斯坦西岸收集的158组数据,建立预测数学方程来计算传统住宅建筑的钢筋数量。与数量相关的记录是从提供钢筋混凝土设计服务的咨询公司收集的。这些数据是针对四层以下的住宅建筑收集的。采用线性回归分析显示所纳入变量之间的相关性。回归模型中使用了以下变量:配筋量(因变量)、结构单元体积(自变量)、建筑面积(自变量)。共开发了14种模型;开发了9个模型来计算不同结构单元(板、梁、柱和基础)中钢筋的数量。另外5个模型用于估算某住宅建筑的总钢量。所建模型的多重决定系数(R2)在0.70 ~ 0.82之间。这证实了因变量和自变量之间的良好相关性。采用平均绝对百分比误差(MAPE)检验所建立模型的准确性。MAPE值在21%到36%之间,与过去的研究结果相比,结果表明在早期阶段±25%到±50%的精度是可以接受的。结果还表明,基于结构单元尺寸的模型比基于建筑面积的模型具有更好的精度。这种类型的方程非常有用,特别是它们的简单性和可由计算器或简单的计算机程序处理的能力。
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引用次数: 2
Financial Planning and Management Practices of Electrical Contractors 电业承办商财务规划及管理实务
IF 2.1 Q3 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2016-12-01 DOI: 10.1515/OTMCJ-2016-0011
Lucko Gunnar
Contractors must carefully manage their cash outflows (e.g., for materials to enable their work) and inflows (after the work) to be profitable, particularly in an economy that is still recovering from the 2008-2012 recession that grew out of the mortgage crisis. Their importance for business success is undisputed, as bankruptcies due to insufficient cash flow underline. Therefore, this study investigated current business practices of electrical contracting companies of different sizes with respect to their financial planning and management. A detailed questionnaire was developed with best guidelines on survey studies and pilot testing. It was sent to members of the National Electrical Contractors Association. Respondent anonymity was ensured. The survey recorded demographics, business practices, operating conditions, and other important factors using 57 subquestions. Each section allowed feedback to clarify the numerical responses. Responses were well distributed across company sizes, so that the results are representative for the entire industry. The results indicated that contractors generally have a substantial amount of experience in financial decision making. Their approach is conservative and focuses on healthy growth. Yet, opportunities to fine-tune business practices are identified, e.g., immediate invoicing, considering discounts to accelerate payment receipts, attempting to negotiate and use favorable credit terms, reviewing payment performance, and performing frequent cash flow forecasts. Some of the differences in the responses can be attributed to different company sizes. To help especially smaller companies in planning their cash flow, a spreadsheet for implementation has been created.
承包商必须谨慎管理现金流出(例如,用于施工的材料)和现金流入(施工后)以实现盈利,特别是在经济仍在从2008年至2012年的衰退中复苏的情况下。它们对商业成功的重要性是无可争议的,因为由于现金流不足而导致的破产凸显了这一点。因此,本研究调查了不同规模的电力承包公司在财务规划和管理方面的当前商业实践。编制了一份详细的调查表,其中载有关于调查研究和试点测试的最佳准则。它被寄给了全国电气承包商协会的成员。被调查者的匿名性得到了保证。该调查通过57个子问题记录了人口统计、商业惯例、经营状况和其他重要因素。每个部分都允许反馈以澄清数值响应。调查结果很好地分布在不同规模的公司中,因此调查结果代表了整个行业。结果表明,承包商一般在财务决策方面具有丰富的经验。他们的方法是保守的,专注于健康增长。然而,确定了微调业务实践的机会,例如,立即开具发票,考虑折扣以加速付款收据,尝试谈判并使用有利的信用条款,审查付款表现,以及执行频繁的现金流量预测。调查结果的一些差异可归因于不同的公司规模。为了帮助小公司规划他们的现金流,我们创建了一个电子表格。
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引用次数: 1
Effect of bond administration on construction project delivery 债券管理对建设项目交付的影响
IF 2.1 Q3 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2016-12-01 DOI: 10.1515/otmcj-2016-0001
Ayodeji Emmanuel Oke
Abstract Construction bond administration involves management of bond issues from inception of obtaining bond from guarantor to the point of release of contractor by the client. This process has posted a lot of challenges to construction stakeholders; it is therefore, necessary to examine the relationship between bond administration and project success. Archival data of completed bonded building projects were gathered through a pro forma developed for this purpose. Using Pearson product moment of correlation, it was revealed that the cost of securing a construction bond has a positive and significant effect on the initial and final costs of the project, while the number of days needed to secure a construction bond has no significant effect on the initial and final durations of the construction project. In order to establish the relationship between project delivery indices of cost and time and the construction bond administration variables, iteration of linear regression was adopted to arrive at the best-fit equation. Factors affecting the cost of securing construction bonds from guarantors should be identified and given adequate attention by construction stakeholders in order to minimize the effect of construction bond administration on project delivery.
【摘要】建设债券管理是指从担保人取得债券开始到业主解除合同为止对债券发行的管理。这个过程给建筑利益相关者带来了很多挑战;因此,有必要研究债券管理与项目成功之间的关系。已完成的保税建筑项目的档案数据是通过为此目的开发的形式来收集的。使用Pearson积矩相关,揭示了确保建设债券的成本对项目的初始和最终成本具有积极和显著的影响,而确保建设债券所需的天数对建设项目的初始和最终持续时间没有显著影响。为了建立成本、时间等项目交付指标与建设债券管理变量之间的关系,采用线性回归迭代法得到最优拟合方程。为了最大限度地减少建设债券管理对项目交付的影响,建设利益相关者应该确定并给予足够重视影响从担保人处获得建设债券成本的因素。
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引用次数: 2
The Road Pavement Condition Index (PCI) Evaluation and Maintenance: A Case Study of Yemen 道路路面状况指数评价与养护:以也门为例
IF 2.1 Q3 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2016-12-01 DOI: 10.1515/otmcj-2016-0008
Fareed M. A. Karim, Khaled Abdul Haleem Rubasi, A. Saleh
Abstract The pavement condition index (PCI) is a simple, convenient and inexpensive way to monitor the condition of the surface of roads, identify maintenance and rehabilitation (M-and-R) needs as well as ensure that road maintenance budgets are spent wisely. In this research, the pavement condition was evaluated in terms of the surface distresses existing at the time of the field evaluation. The PCI procedure was used in this research because it deals with the subject of pavement distress identification most comprehensively and is based on a sound statistical technique of pavement sampling. Because of limited maintenance fund availability in Yemen, timely and rational determination of M-and-R needs and priorities are very important factors. The PAVER™ (1982) condition rating procedure, as described in the Technical Manual TM 5-623, Pavement Maintenance Management, which is based on the PCI, was used in this study to evaluate a major heavy-traffic road corridor connecting Aden city (the commercial capital of Yemen) with major cities located in the northern region of the country. Based on the PCI of the road sections, the necessary maintenance or rehabilitation procedure is suggested.
路面状况指数(PCI)是一种简单、方便、廉价的监测道路表面状况、识别维护和修复需求以及确保道路维护预算合理使用的方法。在本研究中,路面状况是根据现场评估时存在的表面病害进行评估的。在本研究中使用了PCI程序,因为它最全面地处理了路面破损识别问题,并且基于一种完善的路面抽样统计技术。由于也门可用的维修资金有限,及时合理地确定维修和维修需求和优先事项是非常重要的因素。根据技术手册TM 5-623所述的PAVER™(1982)状况评级程序,路面维护管理,基于PCI,在本研究中用于评估连接亚丁市(也门的商业首都)和位于该国北部地区的主要城市的主要交通繁忙的道路走廊。根据路段的PCI,提出了必要的维护或修复措施。
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引用次数: 45
Incorporating Lean Construction agent into the Building Standards Act: the Spanish case study 将精益建筑代理纳入建筑标准法案:西班牙案例研究
IF 2.1 Q3 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2016-12-01 DOI: 10.1515/otmcj-2016-0010
X. Brioso, Antonio Humero
Abstract There is a demand for lean construction in Europe; even though lean construction is still an emerging field and there is growing interest, there are no regulations on this topic. The main objective of this research is to regulate this role when in a project and to define and develop a building agent structure, according to the Building Standards Act (LOE by its acronym in Spanish), to be able to incorporate it into the Spanish law, protecting it from civil liabilities. In Spain, there is jurisprudence in civil jurisdiction based on the LOE to acquit or convict building agents, who are defined in the courts as “constructive managers” or similar. For this reason, courts could establish in the future several liabilities for the lean construction specialist and other agents of the project, depending on their actions and based on the implementation of the lean project delivery system, the target value design and the integrated project delivery. Conversely, it is possible that the level of action of the lean construction specialist may comprise design management, construction management and contract management. Accordingly, one or more building agents should be appropriately incorporated into the LOE according to their functions and responsibilities and based on the levels of action of the lean construction specialist. The creation of the following agents is proposed: design manager, construction manager and contract manager, definitions that are developed in this study. These agents are loosely defined, because any project manager, building information modeling manager or similar may act as one or as more-than-one of them. Finally, the creation of the lean construction manager is also proposed, as the agent who takes on the role of the design manager, construction manager and contract manager, but focused on the lean production principles.
摘要:欧洲对精益建筑有需求;尽管精益建筑仍然是一个新兴的领域,人们的兴趣也越来越大,但目前还没有关于这个话题的规定。本研究的主要目的是在项目中规范这一角色,并根据《建筑标准法》(LOE,西班牙语首字母缩写)定义和开发建筑代理结构,以便将其纳入西班牙法律,保护其免受民事责任。在西班牙,民事司法的法理依据是允许建筑代理人无罪释放或定罪,这些代理人在法院被定义为“建设性经理”或类似的人。因此,法院可以在未来根据精益项目交付体系的实施、目标价值设计和一体化项目交付的情况,对精益建设专家和项目的其他代理人确立若干责任。相反,精益施工专家的行动水平可能包括设计管理、施工管理和合同管理。因此,一个或多个建筑代理应根据其职能和责任,并根据精益建筑专家的行动水平,适当地纳入LOE。建议创建以下代理人:设计经理、施工经理和合同经理,这些定义是在本研究中开发的。这些代理是松散定义的,因为任何项目经理、构建信息建模经理或类似的人都可以充当一个或多个代理。最后,提出了精益施工经理的创建,作为代理,承担设计经理、施工经理和合同经理的角色,但侧重于精益生产原则。
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引用次数: 5
Project ambidexterity: case of recovering schedule delay in a brownfield airport project in India 项目的两面性:印度棕地机场项目恢复进度延迟的案例
IF 2.1 Q3 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2016-12-01 DOI: 10.1515/otmcj-2016-0012
K. Iyer, P. Banerjee
Abstract Planning deficiencies and consequent execution delays are likely to persist in infrastructure development projects. However, recovery of schedule delay is a less researched area. This case research, using a two-stage inquiry modeled on the grounded theory, studied the schedule delay recovery during the execution phase of a brownfield airport construction project. The analyses generated contextual evidence and ambidexterity was found to be the key underlying phenomenon for successful recovery measures. The empirical learning was validated with literature and can be used by practitioners looking to institute schedule recovery measures.
在基础设施开发项目中,规划缺陷和随之而来的执行延迟可能会持续存在。然而,进度延迟的恢复是一个研究较少的领域。本案例研究采用基于扎根理论的两阶段调查模型,研究棕地机场建设项目执行阶段的进度延误恢复问题。分析产生了背景证据,发现二元性是成功恢复措施的关键潜在现象。通过文献验证了经验学习,并且可以被寻求制定时间表恢复措施的从业者使用。
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引用次数: 1
Supply chain collaboration within the Iranian construction industry 伊朗建筑行业的供应链合作
IF 2.1 Q3 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2016-12-01 DOI: 10.1515/otmcj-2016-0004
Zahra Toroghi Bidabadi, M. Hosseinalipour, M. Hamidizadeh, Amirhossein Mohebifar
Abstract Collaboration is an important factor to succeed and increase the sustainability in project management and construction, especially in a construction supply chain (CSC) that includes multiple partners. Although, in recent decades, many changes have occurred in the construction industry, there are still many problems in this area. Therefore, research in this area becomes vital because collaboration is one of the best approaches to improve CSC performance. In this study, collaborative relationship has been found to be affected by three main factors: managerial, financial and structural. However, application of collaboration in Iran is still in its inception. This comprehensive research study focuses on suitable context for implementing the collaboration method. The methodology of this research is based on interviews and a review of previous research, which identifies critical factors and positive results of use in relation to collaboration. Results of this study improve our knowledge about the role of collaboration in a CSC's performance. Analysis of data shows that managerial factors have the most positive effects on the implementation of collaboration networks in CSCs, followed by financial factors and organizational factors.
摘要协作是项目管理和建设中取得成功和提高可持续性的重要因素,特别是在包含多个合作伙伴的建筑供应链中。尽管近几十年来,建筑业发生了许多变化,但这一领域仍然存在许多问题。因此,该领域的研究变得至关重要,因为协作是提高CSC性能的最佳方法之一。本研究发现,协同关系受管理、财务和结构三个主要因素的影响。然而,合作在伊朗的应用仍处于起步阶段。这项综合研究的重点是实施协作方法的合适背景。本研究的方法基于访谈和对先前研究的回顾,该研究确定了与协作相关的关键因素和使用的积极结果。本研究的结果提高了我们对协作在CSC绩效中的作用的认识。数据分析表明,管理因素对企业协作网络实施的积极影响最大,其次是财务因素和组织因素。
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引用次数: 6
期刊
Organization Technology and Management in Construction
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