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El sector privado en la construcción de la paz en el posconflicto colombiano: Un estudio teórico 哥伦比亚冲突后和平建设中的私营部门:理论研究
IF 0.9 Q4 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.17230/AD-MINISTER.37.2
Cristian Bedoya Dorado, Melissa Charfuelán Aguirre
Con la firma del Acuerdo de Paz entre el Gobierno nacional de Colombia y las entonces Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia - Ejército del Pueblo (FARC-EP) en el 2016, inicia en Colombia un escenario de postconflicto, caracterizado por una serie de desafíos y la necesidad del aporte de diversos actores, entre ellos el del sector empresarial. El objetivo del presente artículo es explorar y analizar las prácticas y acciones que pueden realizar las empresas para contribuir a la construcción de paz. Para ello se realizó una investigación exploratoria con un diseño documental dividido en dos fases, por una parte, una revisión de la literatura sobre prácticas empresariales de construcción de paz y, por otra parte, un análisis documental sobre guías y propuestas de construcción de paz de organismos nacionales e internacionales. Los resultados sugieren que las empresas apoyan la construcción de paz principalmente desde prácticas de RSE y valor compartido orientadas al desarrollo económico. Ello corresponde con las guías de organismos nacionales e internacionales que se orientan a la generación de empleos y proyectos de emprendimiento.
随着哥伦比亚国民政府与当时的哥伦比亚革命武装部队-人民军(FARC-EP)于2016年签署和平协议,哥伦比亚开始了一个冲突后局势,其特点是一系列挑战,需要包括商业部门在内的各种行为者作出贡献。本文的目的是探索和分析企业为促进和平建设而可以采取的做法和行动。为此,进行了一项探索性研究,其文献设计分为两个阶段,一方面审查了关于建设和平商业做法的文献,另一方面对国家和国际机构的建设和平指导方针和建议进行了文献分析。结果表明,企业主要从面向经济发展的企业社会责任和共同价值观实践中支持和平建设。这符合旨在创造就业机会和创业项目的国家和国际机构指南。
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引用次数: 0
The Impact of Knowledge Management on Organizational Performance: A Structural Equation Modeling Study 知识管理对组织绩效的影响:结构方程模型研究
IF 0.9 Q4 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.17230/AD-MINISTER.37.4
Leila Namdarian, A. Sajedinejad, Somayeh Bahanesteh
This study attempts to investigate the role of knowledge management (KM) in commercial companies. To this end, the literature was reviewed and relevant components were extracted to conceptualize KM and organizational performance, (OP) and the relationship between KM and OP was presented in a theoretical framework. Secondly, to assess the proposed model, a questionnaire was given to 200 participants in five commercial companies, chosen through multi-stage stratified sampling. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) and Lisrel 8.8. The results revealed that the model enjoyed an acceptable degree of fit. The obtained coefficient (0.41) showed a direct impact of KM indices on OP, indicating the significant and positive relationship between KM and OP dimensions such as financial performance, quality of goods and services, staff members’ performance, innovation, and customers’ level of satisfaction.
本研究试图探讨知识管理在商业企业中的作用。为此,对文献进行了回顾,并提取了相关成分来概念化知识管理和组织绩效,并在理论框架中提出了知识管理和绩效之间的关系。其次,为了评估所提出的模型,通过多阶段分层抽样对五家商业公司的200名参与者进行了问卷调查。使用结构方程建模(SEM)和Lisrel 8.8对数据进行分析。结果表明,该模型具有可接受的拟合程度。所获得的系数(0.41)显示了知识管理指数对OP的直接影响,表明知识管理与OP维度之间存在显著的正相关关系,如财务绩效、商品和服务质量、员工绩效、创新和客户满意度。
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引用次数: 5
Consumo sustentable en turismo: una aproximación a su estado del conocimiento 旅游业的可持续消费:对其知识状况的探讨
IF 0.9 Q4 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.17230/AD-MINISTER.37.3
Judith Alejandra Velázquez Castro, Erika Cruz-Coria, Juan Ramírez-Godínez, E. Vargas-Martínez
Las investigaciones sobre prácticas ambientales han recibido una atención creciente en el área de turismo. Sin embargo, hace falta una revisión bibliográfica que explore las prácticas de consumo sustentable en el sector. Con ese fin, a partir del uso del software ATLAS.ti 9, se realizó un análisis temático de 128 artículos cuyo objetivo principal es examinar los propósitos del consumo sustentable –buenas prácticas; hábitos del consumidor; políticas públicas, y regulaciones ambientales–, sus ámbitos de aplicación –por tipo de empresa– y su relación con la innovación (por ejemplo, con el uso de ecotecnologías). En los resultados, el análisis indica que las buenas prácticas tienen una asociación positiva con la innovación (0.72), lo que demuestra que la relación está bien establecida.
对环境实践的研究在旅游领域受到越来越多的关注。然而,有必要进行文献综述,以探索该行业的可持续消费实践。为此目的,使用ATLAS软件。ti 9,对128篇文章进行了专题分析,其主要目的是检验可持续消费的目的-良好做法;消费者习惯;公共政策和环境法规——它们的应用领域——按公司类型——以及它们与创新的关系(例如生态技术的使用)。在结果中,分析表明,良好的实践与创新有正相关关系(0.72),表明这种关系是很好的建立。
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引用次数: 2
Incidencia de las prácticas de responsabilidad social corporativa sobre el costo de patrimonio: evidencia desde Colombia 公司社会责任做法对财富成本的影响:来自哥伦比亚的证据
IF 0.9 Q4 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2020-07-28 DOI: 10.17230/ad-minister.36.1
Diego Andrés Correa Mejía, Leidy Tatiana Mesa-Jurado, Paola Andrea Rivera-López, Melissa María Román-Buriticá
espanolA traves de este estudio se busca identificar el efecto de las practicas de responsabilidad social corporativa (RSC) en el costo de patrimonio de las empresas colombianas que cotizan en la Bolsa de Valores de Colombia (BVC), y que han reportado informes de sostenibilidad bajo la metodologia de la Iniciativa de Reporte Global (GRI, Global Reporting Initiative) durante el periodo 2012-2016. Por medio del uso del modelo de datos de panel, en el que se consideraron treinta y una empresas, se obtuvo evidencia empirica de que en el contexto colombiano las empresas que implementan practicas de RSC y las divulgan a traves de sus reportes corporativos cuentan con un menor costo de capital. Adicionalmente, se muestra que la extension del reporte y su independencia aportan a la reduccion del costo del patrimonio. EnglishThe aim of this study is to identify the effect of corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices on the cost of equity of Colombian companies that are listed on the Colombian Stock Exchange (BVC, Bolsa de Valores de Colombia), and that have reported sustainability reports in the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) during the 2012-2016 period. Through the use of the panel data model that has thirty-one companies and one hundred and twenty-three observations, the results show that there is a negative relationship between the CSR variables and the cost of equity. Furthermore, it is shown that the length of the report and its independency reduce the cost of equity.
西班牙语在这项研究旨在确定实践影响费用的企业社会责任(csr)遗产的哥伦比亚公司的上市证券交易所哥伦比亚(BVC)可持续性报告,这些报告metodologia下全球报告》,全球报告倡议)在2012-2016期。通过利用面板数据模型的,被认为是三十,公司收到empirica证据:在哥伦比亚企业csr实践和实现的是通过其公司则拥有较低的资本成本。此外,报告的扩展和独立性有助于降低遗产成本。EnglishThe aim of this study is to确定the effect of corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices on the cost of平等of派列companies that are on the派Stock Exchange (BVC,哥伦比亚证券交易所),累计sustainability reports and that have in the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) during the 2012-2016 period。通过使用有31家公司和123个观察结果的小组数据模型,结果表明企业社会责任变量与股权成本之间存在负相关关系。此外,报告的长度和独立性降低了股权成本。
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引用次数: 2
Exploring Enabling Factors for Innovation Outcomes. A Firm-Level Analysis 探索创新成果的有利因素。企业层面分析
IF 0.9 Q4 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2020-07-28 DOI: 10.17230/ad-minister.36.5
Jean Pierre Seclen-Luna, Fátima Ponce Regalado, Miguel Cordova
Major innovation research has been primarily focused on developed countries, creating a gap in the literature related to innovation processes in emerging markets, such as Latin America. Even as some studies are aimed toward this region, their approach is usually only from the standpoint of an R&D funding perspective. This paper aims to discuss the relationship between resources for innovation and sources of innovation with innovation outcomes, using a sample of Peruvian companies, which received public funds oriented to the developing of innovative activities. Results found evidence that the presence of resources for innovation and sources of innovation have a positive influence on innovation outcomes. Moreover, resources for innovation are related to non-technological innovation, with internal R&D being the most carried out by companies even when it is not related to product nor process innovation. While sources of innovation are related to product innovation, firms demonstrated an incipient use of inter-firm collaboration strategies as its sources it.
主要的创新研究主要集中在发达国家,这在拉丁美洲等新兴市场的创新过程相关文献中造成了空白。尽管一些研究是针对这一地区的,但他们的方法通常只是从研发资金的角度出发。本文旨在以秘鲁公司为样本,讨论创新资源、创新来源与创新成果之间的关系,这些公司获得了用于发展创新活动的公共资金。研究结果表明,创新资源和创新来源的存在对创新结果有积极影响。此外,创新资源与非技术创新有关,即使与产品或工艺创新无关,公司内部研发也是最多的。虽然创新的来源与产品创新有关,但企业在最初使用企业间合作战略作为创新的来源。
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引用次数: 4
Instituciones formales, desarrollo humano y emprendimiento: Un estudio comparativo entre países con alto nivel de desarrollo y los países de la Alianza del Pacífico 正式机构、人类发展和创业:高发展国家与太平洋联盟国家的比较研究
IF 0.9 Q4 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2020-07-28 DOI: 10.17230/ad-minister.36.3
Cesar Ignacio Leon Quillas, Héctor Fernando Rueda Rodríguez, Carlos Hernán González Campo
El artículo plantea una comparación entre países con alto nivel de desarrollo (Australia, Reino Unido, Canadá, Estados Unidos, Suecia y Finlandia), y los cuatro países que conforman la Alianza del Pacífico (Colombia, México, Perú y Chile). El objetivo es encontrar posibles relaciones entre las instituciones formales, el nivel de emprendimiento y el desarrollo humano. El tipo de estudio es descriptivo, con alcances correlaciónales. En la investigación se utiliza información de los indicadores de gobernanza del Banco Mundial en el 2018, el índice de libertad económica de 2018 de la Fundación Heritage, el índice global de emprendimiento de 2018 y el índice de desarrollo humano de 2018 del Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo. En los resultados se presentan las comparaciones y las correlaciones identificadas. La conclusión principal es la relación entre la calidad de las instituciones formales y el nivel de desarrollo humano en los países analizados.
本文比较了高发展水平国家(澳大利亚、英国、加拿大、美国、瑞典和芬兰)和太平洋联盟的四个国家(哥伦比亚、墨西哥、秘鲁和智利)。目标是找到正式机构、企业家精神水平和人类发展之间可能的关系。研究的类型是描述性的,具有相关的范围。研究使用了世界银行治理指标信息在2018年,2018年经济自由度指数,美国传统基金会(Heritage foundation), 2018年全球创业指数和人类发展指数2018年联合国开发计划署发展。结果显示了确定的比较和相关性。本文的主要结论是,正式机构的质量与所分析国家的人类发展水平之间的关系。
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引用次数: 1
Sentido de pertenencia, relaciones intraorganizacionales y participación activa: empresas medianas de manufactura en México 归属感、组织内关系和积极参与:墨西哥的中型制造企业
IF 0.9 Q4 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2020-07-28 DOI: 10.17230/ad-minister.36.2
Carlos Robles Acosta, Laura Edith Alviter Rojas, Edim Martínez Rodríguez
espanolEn el presente articulo se analiza la relacion causal entre el sentido de pertenencia, las relaciones intraorganizacionales y la participacion activa en el desarrollo de la comunidad. Se trata de una investigacion de alcance explicativo. El instrumento consta de diecisiete items para la medicion del sentido de pertenencia, las relaciones intraorganizacionales y la participacion activa en el desarrollo de la comunidad, en una muestra de ciento noventa y tres trabajadores de cinco empresas medianas manufactureras en Mexico. Los resultados sugieren la relacion causal positiva entre el sentido de pertenencia y las relaciones intraorganizacionales y, de manera similar, entre las relaciones intraorganizacionales y la participacion activa en el desarrollo de la comunidad, lo que contribuye a la comprension de la relacion entre componentes de las variables de cultura organizacional, comportamiento ciudadano y la responsabilidad social empresarial. EnglishThe causal relationship between the sense of belonging, intra-organizational relationships and active participation in community development is analyzed. This is an explanatory investigation. The instrument consists of seventeen items to measure the sense of belonging, intra-organizational relationships and active participation in community development, in a sample of one hundred ninety-three workers from five medium-sized manufacturing companies in Mexico. The results suggest the positive causal relationship between the sense of belonging and intra-organizational relationships and, similarly, between intra-organizational relationships and active participation in the community development, which contributes to the understanding of the relationship between components of the variables of organizational culture, citizen behavior and corporate social responsibility.
本文分析了归属感、组织内关系和积极参与社区发展之间的因果关系。这是一项解释性研究。该仪器由17个项目组成,用于测量归属感、组织内关系和积极参与社区发展,样本为墨西哥五家中型制造公司的193名工人。结果表明,归属感与组织内关系以及组织内关系与积极参与社区发展之间存在正因果关系,这有助于理解组织文化、公民行为和企业社会责任变量的组成部分之间的关系。分析了归属感、组织内关系和积极参与社区发展之间的因果关系。这是一项解释性调查。该文书包括17个项目,以衡量归属感、组织内关系和积极参与社区发展,抽样对象是墨西哥五家中型制造公司的一百九十三名工人。结果表明,归属感与组织内关系以及组织内关系与积极参与社区发展之间存在积极的因果关系,这有助于理解组织文化、公民行为和公司社会责任变量各组成部分之间的关系。
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引用次数: 0
Administración del riesgo estratégico en grandes empresas privadas de Colombia 哥伦比亚大型私营企业战略风险管理
IF 0.9 Q4 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2020-07-28 DOI: 10.17230/ad-minister.36.4
Andrea Lucia Palacio Giraldo, Maria Antonia Nuñez
espanolLa administracion del riesgo estrategico es un proceso continuo en el cual se identifican los eventos que tienen un impacto en la capacidad de la organizacion para crear valor y que pueden impedir el logro de sus objetivos estrategicos. Este proceso requiere de un marco que defina una estructura, roles, responsabilidades, politicas, apetito del riesgo y la integracion con la estrategia y la gestion organizacional. Por lo anterior, el objetivo de este articulo es describir como algunas grandes empresas privadas con operaciones en Colombia realizan la gestion de los riesgos estrategicos. Para esto se empleo una metodologia cualitativa y la aplicacion de cinco entrevistas semiestructuradas a los lideres de la gestion de riesgos estrategicos en grandes empresas del sector de generacion de energia, cervecero, de alimentos y de bebidas no alcoholicas. Dentro de los hallazgos se resalta la importancia de realizar de manera integrada la gestion estrategica de la empresa y la gestion de riesgos, de modo que se logren mitigar los eventos de caracter negativo y aprovechar las oportunidades que se identifiquen de manera oportuna, asi como incluir dentro de los analisis informacion de calidad tanto de caracter cualitativo como cuantitativo que permita disminuir la incertidumbre existente. A partir del conocimiento de estos procesos, este articulo plantea un punto de partida para organizaciones que desean implementar la gestion del riesgo estrategico como movilizador del cumplimiento de los objetivos empresariales. EnglishStrategic risk management is a continuous process in which are identified the events that have an impact in the capacity of the organization to create value and they can prevent the strategic objectives of the organization. This process requires of a framework that defines a structure, roles, responsibilities, policies, risk appetite and integration with strategy and organizational management. Therefore, the objective of this article is describing how some large private companies with operation in Colombia make their strategic risk management. For that, it was used a qualitative methodology and the application of five semi-structured interviews to the leaders of strategic risks management from large companies of energy sector, brewer, food and non-alcoholic beverage. The results found expose the importance of carrying out the strategic management and risk management in integrated manner, so that negative events are mitigated and take advantage of opportunities identified in a timely, as well as including within from the analyses, quality information, both qualitative and quantitative, that allows reducing uncertainty. Based on the knowledge of these processes, a starting point is proposed for organizations that wish to implement strategic risk management as a mobilizer of the achievement of the business objectives.
西班牙战略风险管理是一个持续的过程,在这个过程中,确定了影响组织创造价值能力并可能阻碍其战略目标实现的事件。这一过程需要一个框架来定义结构、角色、责任、政策、风险偏好以及与组织战略和管理的整合。因此,本文的目的是描述在哥伦比亚运营的一些大型私营公司如何进行战略风险管理。为此,采用了定性方法,并对发电、啤酒、食品和非酒精饮料行业的大型公司的战略风险管理领导人进行了五次半结构化采访。研究结果强调了以综合方式实施公司战略管理和风险管理的重要性,以减轻负面事件并利用及时发现的机会,并在分析中纳入定性和定量质量信息,以减少现有的不确定性。根据对这些过程的了解,本文为希望实施战略风险管理作为实现业务目标的动员者的组织提供了一个起点。英语战略风险管理是一个持续的过程,在这个过程中,确定了影响组织创造价值能力的事件,这些事件可以预防组织的战略目标。这一过程需要一个框架,该框架定义了结构、角色、责任、政策、风险偏好以及与战略和组织管理的整合。因此,本文的目的是描述在哥伦比亚经营的一些大型私营公司如何进行战略风险管理。为此,采用了定性方法,并对能源、啤酒、食品和非酒精饮料等大型公司的战略风险管理领导人进行了五次半结构化采访。发现的结果表明了以综合方式实施战略管理和风险管理的重要性,以便减轻负面事件,并利用及时确定的机会,包括在分析、质量信息、定性和定量方面,从而减少不确定性。根据对这些过程的了解,为希望实施战略风险管理的组织提出了一个起点,作为实现业务目标的动员者。
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引用次数: 2
A cause-related marketing model for the iranian banking system: a phenomenological approach 伊朗银行系统的原因相关营销模型:一种现象学方法
IF 0.9 Q4 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2020-06-30 DOI: 10.17230/ad-minister.36.6
A. Valipour, M. Noraei, Kamyar Kavosh
Despite almost four decades of introducing the Cause-Related Marketing (CRM) concept into business and marketing literature, there is still no general agreement as to the definition, content, and scope of marketing, in particular, in countries such as Iran. In this regard, while this article will examine and present the conceptual framework of this issue during the period of creation, it aims to achieve a conceptual model for Cause-Related Marketing in the banking system of Iran. For this reason, the concept of Cause-Related Marketing is analyzed in terms of its origin and evolution, content and scope, and various well-known definitions. The first part reviews the subject literature and integrates the findings of previous researchers. The second section was done by the phenomenological method and through a detailed interview with banking system experts. The study population was senior managers of Keshavarzi Bank, and the strategy of sampling was non-random, available, and utilized theoretical sampling methods. In this regard, 16 senior managers of the Agricultural Bank of Iran were selected as the statistical sample for data collection. Qualitative data were analyzed using open and axial coding using the MaxQDA12pro software. Findings separate the concept of Cause-Related Marketing from other related or similar terms and describe various types of Cause-Related Marketing campaigns. Finally, the phenomenological method was used to examine and provide the dimensions and components of Cause-Related Marketing in the banking system of Iran. Analyzing the results of the interviews shows that Cause-Related Marketing in the banking system has direct (management, economic, and characteristics of the causal activities) and indirect (social, scientific, cultural, religious, and geographical components) dimensions.
尽管在商业和营销文献中引入了与原因相关的营销(CRM)概念近四十年,但对于营销的定义、内容和范围,尤其是在伊朗等国家,仍然没有达成一致。在这方面,虽然本文将在创建期间审查和呈现这一问题的概念框架,但它旨在实现伊朗银行系统中与原因相关的营销的概念模型。因此,从成因营销的起源和演变、内容和范围以及各种众所周知的定义等方面分析了成因营销的概念。第一部分回顾了相关文献,并综合了前人的研究成果。第二部分采用现象学方法,通过对银行系统专家的详细访谈。研究对象是Keshavarzi银行的高级管理人员,抽样策略是非随机的、可用的,并使用了理论抽样方法。在这方面,选择了伊朗农业银行的16名高级管理人员作为数据收集的统计样本。使用MaxQDA12pro软件,使用开放和轴向编码对定性数据进行分析。调查结果将原因相关营销的概念与其他相关或类似术语分开,并描述了各种类型的原因相关营销活动。最后,运用现象学方法考察并提供了伊朗银行系统因果营销的维度和组成部分。对访谈结果的分析表明,银行系统中的因果营销具有直接(管理、经济和因果活动的特征)和间接(社会、科学、文化、宗教和地理成分)维度。
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引用次数: 0
Small and Medium Enterprises in the Americas, Effect of Disaster Experience on Readiness Capabilities 美洲的中小企业,灾难经验对准备能力的影响
IF 0.9 Q4 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2019-12-14 DOI: 10.17230/ad-minister.35.5
J. Sarmiento, Catalina Sarmiento, Gabriela Hoberman, Meenakshi Jerath, Vicente Sandoval
Disaster risk reduction (DRR) is key in strengthening resilience and achievement of sustainable development. The private sector is co-responsible for DRR: it is a generator of risks, and a subject exposed to risks. There are competing narratives in the literature regarding the relationship between business’ disaster experience and DRR. The current study defined and characterized businesses in the Americas, with a particular interest in small and medium enterprises, and examined whether disaster experience predicts DRR, considering business size. Secondary data analyses were conducted using data from a previous study on private sector participation in DRR conducted in six Western Hemisphere cities (N=1162): Bogotá, Colombia; Kingston, Jamaica; Miami, USA; San José, Costa Rica; Santiago, Chile; and Vancouver, Canada. Results confirmed that business size matters – small businesses had lower levels of DRR efforts compared to medium and large businesses. Disaster experience (i.e., supply chain disruption, loss of telecommunications, power outage, and damaged facilities) predicted DRR. The findings underscore the importance of fostering, advising, and financing small and medium enterprises to proactively develop capabilities in the line of risk and emergency management, and early resumption of operations, post-disasters. Governing agencies and civil society organizations have the ability to provide this support.
减少灾害风险是加强抗灾能力和实现可持续发展的关键。私营部门对DRR负有共同责任:它是风险的产生者,也是暴露在风险中的主体。关于企业灾难经验和灾难恢复率之间的关系,文献中有相互竞争的叙述。目前的研究定义并描述了美洲的企业,特别是对中小型企业感兴趣的企业,并考虑到企业规模,考察了灾害经验是否可以预测DRR。二次数据分析使用了先前在西半球六个城市(N=1162)进行的关于私营部门参与DRR的研究的数据:哥伦比亚波哥大;牙买加金斯敦;美国迈阿密;哥斯达黎加圣何塞;智利圣地亚哥;以及加拿大温哥华。结果证实,企业规模很重要——与中大型企业相比,小型企业的DRR工作水平较低。灾害经验(即供应链中断、电信损失、停电和设施损坏)预测了DRR。调查结果强调了培养、建议和资助中小型企业的重要性,以积极发展风险和应急管理方面的能力,并在灾后尽早恢复运营。理事机构和民间社会组织有能力提供这种支持。
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引用次数: 3
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