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The Unsettled exhibition: Laura McBride and Mariko Smith in conversation 未解决的展览:劳拉·麦克布莱德和玛丽科·史密斯的谈话
IF 0.1 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2023-07-04 DOI: 10.22459/ah.46.2022.04
Laura McBride, Mariko Smith
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引用次数: 0
‘People come and go, but this place doesn’t’: Narrating the creation of the Krowathunkooloong Keeping Place as cultural resurgence “人来人往,但这个地方不会”:讲述Krowathunkooloong Keeping place作为文化复兴的创作
IF 0.1 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2023-07-04 DOI: 10.22459/ah.46.2022.03
R. Hudson, S. Woodcock
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引用次数: 0
‘No time for a history lesson’: The contest over memorials to Angus McMillan on Gunaikurnai Country “没有时间上历史课”:古奈库尔奈国家纪念安格斯·麦克米兰的比赛
IF 0.1 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2023-07-04 DOI: 10.22459/ah.46.2022.01
Aunty Doris Paton, B. Marsden, Jessica L. Horton
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引用次数: 0
Asserting Aboriginal polity and nationhood: The campaign for the return of Indigenous Ancestral Remains 主张土著政治和国家地位:归还土著祖先遗骸的运动
IF 0.1 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2023-07-04 DOI: 10.22459/ah.46.2022.02
Heidi Norman, A. Payne
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引用次数: 0
The 1918–19 Influenza pandemic and its impact on Aboriginal people in South Australia 1918–19年流感大流行及其对南澳大利亚原住民的影响
IF 0.1 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2020-12-21 DOI: 10.22459/ah.43.2019.01
T. Gara
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引用次数: 3
Nah Doongh’s Song: Grace Karskens and Mark McKenna in conversation Nah Doongh的歌:Grace Karskens和Mark McKenna的对话
IF 0.1 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2020-12-21 DOI: 10.22459/ah.43.2019.03
G. Karskens, Mark McKenna
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引用次数: 0
No fish, no house, no melons: The earliest Aboriginal guides in colonial New South Wales 没有鱼,没有房子,没有瓜:新南威尔士州殖民地最早的土著导游
IF 0.1 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2020-12-21 DOI: 10.22459/ah.43.2019.02
A. McLaren
Aboriginal individuals – often men – who went with the colonists on their travels in colonial New South Wales performed various, often vital, roles. While this is well known, less attention has been paid to the ways in which relationships developed between the colonists and those guiding, or how these relationships were dependent on meeting the needs and desires of all involved. By teasing apart some of the earliest, shakiest beginnings of Aboriginal men travelling with and ‘guiding’ the colonists, this article suggests that guiding was negotiated from the outset – the product of intercultural dialogue and deliberation – and that it is a phenomenon that benefits from being more fully contextualised. There were many tasks to be completed before the expeditionary party turned in for the night. Water had to be drawn, timber chopped and supper prepared, but Colebee and Balloderry had not assisted at all. Having eaten their fill – one officer said they had ‘stuffed themselves’ – they lay down by the fire and slept.1 The naval officers had thought that these 2 Aboriginal men would prove useful to the success of their exploration, and in later decades in New South Wales, Aboriginal guides would assist travellers and explorers as cooks, hunters, stockmen and more. Yet here, during this expedition of April 1791 just west of the settlements at Sydney Cove and Rose Hill, these understandings were yet to develop. Instead, an association beset with misunderstanding was about to unfold. 1 Tench, ‘Settlement at Port Jackson’, 225. ABORIGINAL HISTORY VOL 43 2019 34 Indigenous guides and brokers have received much attention in recent years. There is a growing Australian oeuvre committed to re-examining who they were and their roles during colonial expeditions.2 In these recent considerations, the ‘hidden histories’ of exploration and Indigenous involvement form the focus, and a range of methodologies are employed to search for ways of reading Indigenous involvement, their skills, and their impact on expeditionary outcomes in heavily mediated sources. This scholarship has challenged the aura surrounding expeditionary travel, rendering it a complex affair and the position of a heroic leader highly dubious. We now know just how central the involvement of Aboriginal guides could be, and that they could make expeditionary journeys faster or frustrate their goals.3 We also know that their involvement could be strategic, that they could have their own reasons for travelling and that they could exert pressure in negotiating the terms of their engagement.4 Less attention has been paid to the ways in which relationships between Aboriginal guides and the colonists developed, or how these were dependent on the ongoing negotiation of the needs of all involved. Guiding became a key part of the intercultural social world by the 1820s, with prospectors, newly arrived immigrants, long-term settler gentlemen and more all enjoying the services of Aboriginal guides. So asking how th
与殖民者一起在新南威尔士州殖民地旅行的土著人——通常是男性——扮演着各种各样的、往往是至关重要的角色。虽然这是众所周知的,但很少有人注意到殖民者和那些向导之间的关系是如何发展的,或者这些关系是如何依赖于满足所有参与者的需求和愿望的。通过调侃一些最早的、最不稳定的土著男子与殖民者一起旅行并“指导”殖民者的开端,这篇文章表明,指导从一开始就被协商了——这是跨文化对话和审议的产物——这是一种从更充分的背景化中受益的现象。探险队在睡觉前还有许多任务要完成。他们得打水,砍木头,准备晚饭,但科尔比和巴德德里根本没有帮忙。一名军官说他们吃饱了,然后躺在火堆旁睡着了海军军官们认为这两个土著人会对他们的探险成功有所帮助,在新南威尔士州后来的几十年里,土著向导会帮助旅行者和探险家,比如厨师、猎人、牧场主等等。然而,在1791年4月的这次远征中,就在悉尼湾和玫瑰山定居点以西,这些理解还没有得到发展。相反,一个充满误解的联盟即将展开。坦奇,《杰克逊港的定居》,225页。土著历史第43卷2019年34土著导游和经纪人近年来受到了很多关注。越来越多的澳大利亚人的作品致力于重新审视他们是谁以及他们在殖民探险中的角色在这些最近的考虑中,探索和土著参与的“隐藏历史”形成了重点,并采用了一系列方法来寻找解读土著参与的方式,他们的技能,以及他们在大量中介来源中对探险结果的影响。这项研究挑战了围绕着远征旅行的光环,使其成为一件复杂的事情,英雄领袖的地位也变得非常可疑。我们现在知道土著向导的参与是多么重要,他们可以使探险旅程更快,也可以使他们的目标受挫我们也知道,他们的参与可能是战略性的,他们可能有自己的旅行理由,他们可能在谈判他们参与的条款时施加压力很少有人关注土著导游和殖民者之间的关系是如何发展的,或者这些关系是如何依赖于各方需求的持续谈判的。到19世纪20年代,导游成为跨文化社会世界的重要组成部分,勘探者、新移民、长期定居的绅士们等等都享受着土著导游的服务。因此,询问这些关系和理解是如何发展起来的——以及这些指南的动机——似乎是一个紧迫的问题唐·贝克在这里提出了关键的见解,他指出,19世纪20年代末,在测量师托马斯·米切尔(Thomas Mitchell)在新南威尔士州(New South Wales)探险期间,那些“受雇帮助”的土著人有“一定程度的独立性”,他们确定了工作和价格,并通过伸出手指协商商定了工作天数同样,蒂凡尼·谢拉姆(Tiffany Shellam)是为数不多的几个在澳大利亚西海岸英国军事前哨的新的、脆弱的跨文化世界中考虑指导关系起源的历史学家之一,他有说服力地认为,探险的好处是“双向流动的”,它们是“合作的成就”,并且存在“相互影响”直到最近才出现了一本书,旨在集中研究澳大利亚和新西兰殖民时期流动土著演员的动机,包括2 .例如,布莱顿,《哈利·布朗》,63-82;道格拉斯,科学,航海和邂逅;琼斯,《接触剧场》;小西,纽金特和谢兰姆,土著中介;Shellam等人,《经纪人与边界》;斯坦菲尔德,《望对岸》;托马斯,《帝国探险》,例如,贝克,《与土著人一起探险》,22;麦克拉伦,“纠缠的戈基生活”;《悉尼公报》,1804年9月23日。贝克,《与土著人一起探索》;谢兰姆,“曼亚特的“唯一的快乐””。例如,Atkinson, State of Agriculture, 64。邓恩已经证明,猎人谷的向导随着时间的推移,随着不同的殖民者浪潮而改变。邓恩,《土著向导》,72-73页,79页。贝克,《与土著人一起探索》,第22卷,第37页。《握手》,第139页。
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引用次数: 0
Big John Dodo and Karajarri histories 大约翰渡渡鸟和卡拉贾里的历史
IF 0.1 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2020-12-21 DOI: 10.22459/ah.43.2019.04
D. Jorgensen
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引用次数: 0
‘What’s this about a new mission?’: Assimilation, resistance and the Morwell transit village “这是关于一项新任务的什么?”:同化、抵抗与莫尔维尔过境村
IF 0.1 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2020-12-21 DOI: 10.22459/ah.43.2019.05
B. Marsden
This article demonstrates the destructive intent of assimilation policies through attempts at forced movement into artificially created ‘communities’, such as the Morwell transit village in Victoria, Australia, in the 1960s. It argues that the resistance by Indigenous people to forced assimilation was strong, and that the challenges that they, and their supporters, made to assimilation and housing policies, were effective in contesting attempts to disconnect Indigenous people from their land. In June 1965, the Victorian Aborigines Welfare Board (the Board) was offered a 15-year lease on 4 acres of swampy land on the outskirts of Morwell, in Victoria’s Latrobe Valley. The site was wedged between the railway line and the busy Princes Highway, prone to flooding, and zoned for industrial use.1 The Board planned to use the site to develop a ‘transit village’, in order to ‘bring to Morwell all the aborigines [sic] now living at Lake Tyers’.2 This announcement drew condemnation from Aboriginal leader Doug Nicholls. In a statement on behalf of the Aborigines Advancement League, Nicholls attacked the ‘setting up of a new fringe settlement’ in Morwell, suggesting the plan was a ‘continuation of the Government’s policy of arbitrarily acquiring land and placing Aboriginal families thereon in areas which are alien to them’. Nicholls challenged the government’s approach to assimilation, 1 National Archives of Australia (hereafter NAA), B357, 77; Fletcher, Chesters and Drysdale, ‘Past, Present, Future’, 22. 2 ‘Deadlock on Plan to Settle Aborigines’, Morwell Advertiser, 17 May 1965, 1. ABORIGINAL HISTORY VOL 43 2019 94 declaring that no government or person had the right to say that Aboriginal people ‘must assimilate and live in a particular area’.3 Nicholls’s protests – and those of other Aboriginal leaders and activist groups – against the Morwell transit village were part of the broader and longer campaign by Aboriginal people to stop the closure of the last remaining Aboriginal reserve in Victoria, at Lake Tyers. By the end of 1965 the Morwell transit village scheme had been abandoned by the Board, and the threat posed to Lake Tyers was defeated in part due to their protests. This article provides a detailed examination of the short-lived Morwell transit village scheme. This research contributes to the examination of the longer history of attempts to dispossess and control Aboriginal people in Victoria through missions, reserves and housing programs. Penny Edmonds has examined the colonial construction of urban spaces as ‘ordered and civilised’ where Aboriginal people were subjected to a range of ‘civilising’ influences.4 The reordering of space under the hand of missionaries at Ebenezer and Ramahyuck as examined by Jane Lydon and Bain Attwood respectively shows the importance invested in controlling and managing spaces with the aim of affecting the behaviour of Aboriginal people.5 In particular, this article examines the intended assimilatory effects of t
本文通过强迫移民进入人为创建的“社区”,例如20世纪60年代澳大利亚维多利亚州的莫威尔过境村,展示了同化政策的破坏性意图。它认为,土著人民对强迫同化的抵抗是强烈的,他们及其支持者对同化和住房政策提出的挑战,有效地对抗了将土著人民与他们的土地分离的企图。1965年6月,维多利亚州土著福利委员会获得了维多利亚州拉特罗布山谷莫威尔郊区4英亩沼泽地的15年租约。场地夹在铁路线和繁忙的王子高速公路之间,容易发生洪水,被划为工业用地委员会计划利用这个地方开发一个“中转村”,以便“把现在生活在泰尔斯湖的所有土著居民带到莫威尔”这一声明引起了原住民领袖道格·尼科尔斯的谴责。在代表原住民进步联盟发表的一份声明中,尼科尔斯抨击了在莫威尔“建立一个新的边缘定居点”的计划,认为该计划是“政府任意获取土地并将土著家庭安置在他们陌生的地区的政策的延续”。尼科尔斯挑战政府同化的方法,1澳大利亚国家档案馆(以下简称NAA), B357, 77;弗莱彻,切斯特和德赖斯代尔,《过去,现在,未来》,22页。2《原住民定居计划的僵局》,《莫威尔广告人》,1965年5月17日,第1页。土著历史VOL 43 2019 94宣布任何政府或个人都无权说土著人民“必须同化并生活在特定地区”尼科尔斯的抗议——以及其他土著领袖和激进组织的抗议——反对莫威尔中转村,是土著人民为阻止关闭位于泰尔斯湖的维多利亚最后一个土著保护区而进行的范围更广、时间更长的运动的一部分。到1965年底,莫威尔过境村计划已被董事会放弃,对泰尔斯湖的威胁在一定程度上由于他们的抗议而被击败。本文详细考察了短命的莫威尔中转村计划。这项研究有助于研究通过传教、保留地和住房计划剥夺和控制维多利亚州土著居民的企图的更长的历史。彭妮·埃德蒙兹(Penny Edmonds)研究了殖民时期城市空间的建设,认为它是“有序和文明的”,土著居民受到了一系列“文明”的影响简·莱登(Jane Lydon)和贝恩·阿特伍德(Bain Attwood)分别研究了传教士在埃比尼泽(Ebenezer)和拉玛赫克(Ramahyuck)对空间的重新排序,表明了控制和管理空间的重要性,其目的是影响土著居民的行为特别地,这篇文章考察了过渡性住房定居点的同化效应,这是由政府破坏土著社区和与土地的联系的动机所决定的。历史学家乔·伍尔明顿和希瑟·古道尔对新南威尔士州土著居民住房计划的同化效应进行了研究,科琳·曼宁研究了战后维多利亚州过渡性住房定居点的空间政治这些学者已经表明,住房的教育和变革影响是20世纪中期同化政策的关键。作为维多利亚州政府制定一项公开的同化主义过渡性住房计划的最后一次尝试,莫威尔过境村计划提供了一个洞察政府如何旨在使用高度控制的住房定居点来进一步实现其同化主义目标的机会。正在进行的拯救泰尔斯湖的运动,在其他地方有详细介绍,是更广泛的土著激进主义运动的一部分:在这个故事中,反对莫威尔过境村的斗争表明了反对维多利亚政府同化政策的基层抵抗和政治激进主义的复杂性。7道格·尼科尔斯,“赖拉先生关于土著事务的声明”,1965年4月1日,土著权利委员会(以下简称CAR)文件,维多利亚国家图书馆(以下简称SLV), MS12913,框3/7,强调为原文。4埃德蒙兹,《亲密的城市化前沿》,129-54页。5莱登,《梦幻》,100-18;伍明顿,“同化”年代”,25-37页;Goodall,“家庭中的同化存在”,75-101页;曼宁,《援手》,1993 - 208;曼宁,“维多利亚州过渡性原住民住房政策”,221-36页。7见阿特伍德《土著人的权利》;布鲁姆,维多利亚土著,194-99,217-57;塔菲,《为泰尔斯湖而战》。 国际上和澳大利亚国内围绕抗议活动的宣传导致种族问题在公众意识中变得更加突出。诸如提高土著人民地位联邦委员会等团体确保向土著积极分子及其支持者传播思想和战略。波山罢工、伊尔卡拉请愿和自由乘车运动都是被广泛宣传的土著抵抗的象征,参见切斯特曼和加利根的《没有权利的公民》。
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引用次数: 1
Contested destinies: Aboriginal advocacy in South Australia’s interwar years 有争议的命运:南澳大利亚两次世界大战期间的原住民倡导
IF 0.1 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2018-12-20 DOI: 10.22459/AH.42.2018.04
R. Foster
In the interwar years, as protection policies took hold across Australia, Aboriginal political organisations and advocacy groups emerged to protest and demand rights and freedoms. Among the better known of the Indigenous-led organisations were Fred Maynard’s Australian Aboriginal Progressive Association (AAPA) in New South Wales, and William Cooper’s Australian Aborigines’ League in Victoria. These were regional organisations fighting mostly local issues such as the injustices of life ‘under the Act’, or for better access to land and resources. However, they also engaged national issues, as exemplified by William Cooper’s Petition to the King, which was circulated throughout the country and called for reserved seats for Aboriginal people in federal parliament.1 More influential, however, were the white-run advocacy groups. The Association for the Protection of Native Races, established in 1911, had a national perspective and, among other things, sought greater federal control of Aboriginal affairs.2 The National Missionary Council, established in the mid-1920s, was a platform for many of the mainstream churches.3 More locally were groups such as the Australian Aborigines Ameliorative Association in Western Australia and the Victorian Aboriginal Group in Melbourne. As Attwood has observed, these were highly paternalistic organisations, who saw themselves working ‘for’ Aboriginal people ‘rather than through them’.4 This was certainly true of South Australia’s long-
在两次世界大战期间,随着保护政策在澳大利亚各地站稳脚跟,原住民政治组织和倡导团体开始抗议并要求权利和自由。在土著领导的组织中,较为知名的有弗雷德·梅纳德(Fred Maynard)在新南威尔士州的澳大利亚土著进步协会(AAPA)和威廉·库珀(William Cooper)在维多利亚州的澳大利亚原住民联盟。这些地区组织主要与地方问题作斗争,如“根据该法案”的生活不公正,或争取更好地获得土地和资源。然而,他们也涉及国家问题,例如威廉·库珀的《国王请愿书》,该请愿书在全国各地流传,并呼吁在联邦议会中为原住民保留席位。1然而,更具影响力的是白人倡导团体。成立于1911年的土著民族保护协会从国家角度出发,寻求联邦政府对土著事务的更大控制。2成立于20世纪20年代中期的国家传教士委员会,是许多主流教会的平台。3更多的当地团体,如西澳大利亚的澳大利亚原住民改善协会和墨尔本的维多利亚原住民团体。正如阿特伍德所观察到的,这些组织都是高度家长式的组织,他们认为自己是“为‘原住民’工作,而不是通过他们”-
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引用次数: 0
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Aboriginal History
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