Stationed at General Douglas MacArthur’s Australian headquarters, the famous black war correspondent Vincent Tubbs reported in the Baltimore Afro-American, 25 March 1944: ‘I know of 10 cases in which our boys have married Australian girls. In eight instances the girls are of mixed blood. In the other two, they are so called “pure Australian girls”’, adding, ‘They have real concern as to how they will get their wives home on one of Uncle Sam’s ships’.1
{"title":"Mobilising across colour lines: Intimate encounters between Aboriginal women and African American and other allied servicemen on the World War II Australian home front","authors":"K. Hughes","doi":"10.22459/AH.41.2017.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22459/AH.41.2017.03","url":null,"abstract":"Stationed at General Douglas MacArthur’s Australian headquarters, the famous black war correspondent Vincent Tubbs reported in the Baltimore Afro-American, 25 March 1944: ‘I know of 10 cases in which our boys have married Australian girls. In eight instances the girls are of mixed blood. In the other two, they are so called “pure Australian girls”’, adding, ‘They have real concern as to how they will get their wives home on one of Uncle Sam’s ships’.1","PeriodicalId":42397,"journal":{"name":"Aboriginal History","volume":"75 1","pages":"47-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2017-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76163321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Soon after separation of Port Phillip District from New South Wales, in 1851 and 1852, Guardian of Aborigines William Thomas witnessed and recorded new corroborees at Moonee Ponds, west of Melbourne, and on the northern bank of the Yarra. The first ceremony in 1851 was performed by the Wathawurrung from Leigh Creek, Buninyong and Bacchus Marsh and a few Bunwurrung from Melbourne. A leader, Ninggollobin, told Thomas that it was a new 'Sunday' or sacred dance sent down from the clouds by Veinnee (also spelt Vienie) to the Mt Emu Wathawurrung people.
1851年和1852年，在菲利浦港区与新南威尔士州分离后不久，土著守护者威廉·托马斯(William Thomas)在墨尔本西部的穆尼池塘(Moonee Ponds)和雅拉河(Yarra)北岸见证并记录了新的corroborees。1851年的第一次仪式是由来自Leigh Creek, Buninyong和Bacchus Marsh的Wathawurrung和一些来自墨尔本的Bunwurrung主持的。一位名叫宁格洛宾的领袖告诉托马斯，这是一种新的“星期天”或神圣的舞蹈，是由维恩尼(也拼写为维恩尼)从云层中传给Emu Wathawurrung山的人的。
{"title":"Two Victorian corroborees: Meaning making in response to European intrusion","authors":"J. Newton","doi":"10.22459/AH.41.2017.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22459/AH.41.2017.06","url":null,"abstract":"Soon after separation of Port Phillip District from New South Wales, in 1851 and 1852, Guardian of Aborigines William Thomas witnessed and recorded new corroborees at Moonee Ponds, west of Melbourne, and on the northern bank of the Yarra. The first ceremony in 1851 was performed by the Wathawurrung from Leigh Creek, Buninyong and Bacchus Marsh and a few Bunwurrung from Melbourne. A leader, Ninggollobin, told Thomas that it was a new 'Sunday' or sacred dance sent down from the clouds by Veinnee (also spelt Vienie) to the Mt Emu Wathawurrung people.","PeriodicalId":42397,"journal":{"name":"Aboriginal History","volume":"35 1","pages":"121-149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2017-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75996084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Deaconess Winifred Hilliard arrived at the Presbyterian Ernabella mission craft room in far north-west South Australia in 1954 to work as a qualified missionary. She was 33.1 Her job: to work among Pitjantjatjara women as the 'handcraft supervisor' at the mission.
{"title":"Deaconess Winifred Hilliard and the cultural brokerage of the Ernabella craft room","authors":"Diana Young","doi":"10.22459/AH.41.2017.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22459/AH.41.2017.04","url":null,"abstract":"Deaconess Winifred Hilliard arrived at the Presbyterian Ernabella mission craft room in far north-west South Australia in 1954 to work as a qualified missionary. She was 33.1 Her job: to work among Pitjantjatjara women as the 'handcraft supervisor' at the mission.","PeriodicalId":42397,"journal":{"name":"Aboriginal History","volume":"220 1","pages":"71-94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2017-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91262222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the early twentieth century, Canada was viewed in national settler narratives as a place of ‘gentle occupation’; likewise, Australia was deemed the ‘quiet continent’, a country that had been ‘settled but not invaded’. Both were cast triumphantly as homogenous ‘whiteman’s lands’. Canada and Australia share deep genealogies and long legacies of settler colonialism and, thanks largely to persistent indigenous political activism, a present and urgent requirement to face historical injustices. Over the last two decades, both Canada and Australia have moved towards various programs for national reconciliation and redress and, more recently, national apologies to indigenous peoples.
{"title":"Fragile Settlements: Aboriginal Peoples, Law, and Resistance in South-West Australia and Prairie Canada by Amanda Nettelbeck, Russell Smandych, Louis A. Knafla and Robert Foster","authors":"P. Edmonds","doi":"10.22459/AH.41.2017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22459/AH.41.2017","url":null,"abstract":"In the early twentieth century, Canada was viewed in national settler narratives \u0000as a place of ‘gentle occupation’; likewise, Australia was deemed the ‘quiet \u0000continent’, a country that had been ‘settled but not invaded’. Both were cast \u0000triumphantly as homogenous ‘whiteman’s lands’. Canada and Australia share deep \u0000genealogies and long legacies of settler colonialism and, thanks largely to persistent \u0000indigenous political activism, a present and urgent requirement to face historical \u0000injustices. Over the last two decades, both Canada and Australia have moved \u0000towards various programs for national reconciliation and redress and, more recently, \u0000national apologies to indigenous peoples.","PeriodicalId":42397,"journal":{"name":"Aboriginal History","volume":"397 1","pages":"193-195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82657428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Heather Burke, Lynley A. Wallis, B. Barker, Megan Tutty, N. Cole, I. Davidson, E. Hatte, Kelsey M. Lowe
Houses are quintessential statements of identity, encoding elements of personal and social attitudes, aspirations and realities. As functional containers for human life, they reflect the exigencies of their construction and occupation, as well as the alterations that ensued as contexts, occupants and uses changed. As older houses endure into subsequent social contexts, they become drawn into later symbolic landscapes, connoting both past and present social relationships simultaneously and connecting the two via the many ways they are understood and represented in the present. As historical archaeologist Anne Yentsch has argued: ‘Many cultural values, including ideas about power relationships and social inequality, are expressed within the context of the stories surrounding houses’.1 This paper is one attempt to investigate the stories surrounding a ruined pastoral homestead in central northern Queensland in light of relationships between non-Aboriginal and Aboriginal people on the frontier.
{"title":"The homestead as fortress: fact or folklore?","authors":"Heather Burke, Lynley A. Wallis, B. Barker, Megan Tutty, N. Cole, I. Davidson, E. Hatte, Kelsey M. Lowe","doi":"10.22459/AH.41.2017.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22459/AH.41.2017.07","url":null,"abstract":"Houses are quintessential statements of identity, encoding elements of personal and social attitudes, aspirations and realities. As functional containers for human life, they reflect the exigencies of their construction and occupation, as well as the alterations that ensued as contexts, occupants and uses changed. As older houses endure into subsequent social contexts, they become drawn into later symbolic landscapes, connoting both past and present social relationships simultaneously and connecting the two via the many ways they are understood and represented in the present. As historical archaeologist Anne Yentsch has argued: ‘Many cultural values, including ideas about power relationships and social inequality, are expressed within the context of the stories surrounding houses’.1 This paper is one attempt to investigate the stories surrounding a ruined pastoral homestead in central northern Queensland in light of relationships between non-Aboriginal and Aboriginal people on the frontier.","PeriodicalId":42397,"journal":{"name":"Aboriginal History","volume":"63 1","pages":"151-176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74799827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
From earliest childhood until I left home at the age of seventeen I heard so frequently the story of my birth and the role played by the kindly aborigines that it requires no effort even now to recount word for word as told to me by my mother. It never failed to stir me emotionally and the telling does to this day. I often considered in those early days, if ever and how I might be able to repay in some measure the kindness of these gentle people. Eventually that opportunity did come to me, not in my home state but on the opposite side of the continent. When I was placed in charge of the Native Affairs department in Western Australia I perceived the opportunity to contribute something towards their welfare and took as much advantage of it as the limits of Government policy, politics, money and public attitudes would permit. I know I succeeded up to a point but wish I could have done more. I - we - owe it to them.
{"title":"Stanley Middleton's response to assimilation policy in his fight for Aboriginal people's equality, 1948-62","authors":"Angela Lapham","doi":"10.22459/AH.40.2016.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22459/AH.40.2016.02","url":null,"abstract":"From earliest childhood until I left home at the age of seventeen I heard so frequently the story of my birth and the role played by the kindly aborigines that it requires no effort even now to recount word for word as told to me by my mother. It never failed to stir me emotionally and the telling does to this day. I often considered in those early days, if ever and how I might be able to repay in some measure the kindness of these gentle people. Eventually that opportunity did come to me, not in my home state but on the opposite side of the continent. When I was placed in charge of the Native Affairs department in Western Australia I perceived the opportunity to contribute something towards their welfare and took as much advantage of it as the limits of Government policy, politics, money and public attitudes would permit. I know I succeeded up to a point but wish I could have done more. I - we - owe it to them.","PeriodicalId":42397,"journal":{"name":"Aboriginal History","volume":"11 1","pages":"27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2016-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77655648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
On 9 September 1955, Jack Chambers, co-owner of Eva Downs Station in the Northern Territory, had an argument with his Aboriginal cook, Dolly Ross. That morning, Ross had refused to prepare breakfast for her fellow Aboriginal pastoral workers because she said she was ill. Chambers claimed that Dolly was malingering because she had quarrelled with her husband. After the argument, Dolly, her husband Jim and a minor named Munro left the station. Chambers claimed that he had ordered them off the property. The Ross family testified that they had left in protest when Chambers threatened to ‘liven up’ Dolly if she did not do her work. Later that morning, Jack Chambers, Colin Chambers, manager Jack Britt, and stockmen George Booth and Francis Booth rode out from the station either to muster cattle or to pursue the Ross family. Either motive was possible: there were cattle to be mustered and all hands were needed on deck.
{"title":"Ross v Chambers: Assimilation law and policy in the Northern Territory","authors":"Katharine Booth, L. Ford","doi":"10.22459/AH.40.2016.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22459/AH.40.2016.01","url":null,"abstract":"On 9 September 1955, Jack Chambers, co-owner of Eva Downs Station in the Northern Territory, had an argument with his Aboriginal cook, Dolly Ross. That morning, Ross had refused to prepare breakfast for her fellow Aboriginal pastoral workers because she said she was ill. Chambers claimed that Dolly was malingering because she had quarrelled with her husband. After the argument, Dolly, her husband Jim and a minor named Munro left the station. Chambers claimed that he had ordered them off the property. The Ross family testified that they had left in protest when Chambers threatened to ‘liven up’ Dolly if she did not do her work. Later that morning, Jack Chambers, Colin Chambers, manager Jack Britt, and stockmen George Booth and Francis Booth rode out from the station either to muster cattle or to pursue the Ross family. Either motive was possible: there were cattle to be mustered and all hands were needed on deck.","PeriodicalId":42397,"journal":{"name":"Aboriginal History","volume":"139 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2016-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75514819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Heather Burke, A. Roberts, Michael Morrison, Vanessa S Sullivan
Colonialism was a violent endeavour. Bound up with the construction of a market-driven, capitalist system via the tendrils of Empire, it was intimately associated with the processes of colonisation and the experiences of exploiting the land, labour and resources of the New World. All too often this led to conflict, particularly between Indigenous and non-Indigenous peoples. Overt violence (the euphemistic 'skirmishes', 'affrays' and 'collisions' of the documentary record), clandestine violence (poisonings, forced removals, sexual exploitation and disease) and structural violence (the compartmentalisation of Aboriginal people through processes of race, governance and labour) became routinised aspects of colonialism, buttressed by structures of power, inequality, dispossession and racism. Conflict at the geographical margins of this system was made possible by the general anxieties of life at, or beyond, the boundaries of settlement, closely associated with the normalised violence attached to ideals of 'manliness' on the frontier.
{"title":"The space of conflict: Aboriginal/European interactions and frontierviolence on the western Central M urray, South Australia, 1830-41","authors":"Heather Burke, A. Roberts, Michael Morrison, Vanessa S Sullivan","doi":"10.22459/AH.40.2016.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22459/AH.40.2016.06","url":null,"abstract":"Colonialism was a violent endeavour. Bound up with the construction of a market-driven, capitalist system via the tendrils of Empire, it was intimately associated with the processes of colonisation and the experiences of exploiting the land, labour and resources of the New World. All too often this led to conflict, particularly between Indigenous and non-Indigenous peoples. Overt violence (the euphemistic 'skirmishes', 'affrays' and 'collisions' of the documentary record), clandestine violence (poisonings, forced removals, sexual exploitation and disease) and structural violence (the compartmentalisation of Aboriginal people through processes of race, governance and labour) became routinised aspects of colonialism, buttressed by structures of power, inequality, dispossession and racism. Conflict at the geographical margins of this system was made possible by the general anxieties of life at, or beyond, the boundaries of settlement, closely associated with the normalised violence attached to ideals of 'manliness' on the frontier.","PeriodicalId":42397,"journal":{"name":"Aboriginal History","volume":"66 1","pages":"145-179"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2016-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83838729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Belinda G. Liebelt, A. Roberts, C. O'Loughlin, Doug Milera
Aboriginal peoples around Australia have played a significant role in the establishment and development of many of the country's successful agricultural industries. Despite this, Australian rural histories rarely acknowledge or celebrate Aboriginal people's labour as an important contributing factor in the prosperity of agricultural ventures. This lack of recognition is often symptomatic of more widespread absences that exist within Australian historical discourse regarding Aboriginal people's working lives since European colonisation. These absences are often at their most pronounced in rural areas, where there has been a strong desire to erase any contrary evidence that could undermine 'the pioneer success story' or challenge the idea of European settlers as anything other than guileless agents engaged in 'a struggle over adversity that became the foundation stone of nation building'. Increasingly, however, these mediated absences are being contested as a greater emphasis is placed on documenting and including Aboriginal people's historic and lived experiences within farming and pastoral industries around the country. One of the objectives of these studies has been to highlight how Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal people's lives are often entangled, helping to negate narratives that presuppose Aboriginal people's exclusion and separation from greater Australian working life.4 Finding ways to accurately represent the specificities of these cross-cultural 'entanglements' in appropriate ways for both cultural groups has been an ongoing challenge.
{"title":"‘We had to be off by sundown’: Narungga contributions to farming industries on Yorke Peninsula (Guuranda), South Australia","authors":"Belinda G. Liebelt, A. Roberts, C. O'Loughlin, Doug Milera","doi":"10.22459/AH.40.2016.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22459/AH.40.2016.04","url":null,"abstract":"Aboriginal peoples around Australia have played a significant role in the establishment and development of many of the country's successful agricultural industries. Despite this, Australian rural histories rarely acknowledge or celebrate Aboriginal people's labour as an important contributing factor in the prosperity of agricultural ventures. This lack of recognition is often symptomatic of more widespread absences that exist within Australian historical discourse regarding Aboriginal people's working lives since European colonisation. These absences are often at their most pronounced in rural areas, where there has been a strong desire to erase any contrary evidence that could undermine 'the pioneer success story' or challenge the idea of European settlers as anything other than guileless agents engaged in 'a struggle over adversity that became the foundation stone of nation building'. Increasingly, however, these mediated absences are being contested as a greater emphasis is placed on documenting and including Aboriginal people's historic and lived experiences within farming and pastoral industries around the country. One of the objectives of these studies has been to highlight how Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal people's lives are often entangled, helping to negate narratives that presuppose Aboriginal people's exclusion and separation from greater Australian working life.4 Finding ways to accurately represent the specificities of these cross-cultural 'entanglements' in appropriate ways for both cultural groups has been an ongoing challenge.","PeriodicalId":42397,"journal":{"name":"Aboriginal History","volume":"87 1","pages":"89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2016-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89363702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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