Scripta Materialia最新文献

英文中文

Cyclic stable superelasticity and elastocaloric effect via the R→B19′ transformation in NiTi NiTi中R→B19′相变的循环稳定超弹性和弹热效应

IF 5.6 2区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Scripta Materialia

Pub Date : 2026-03-15 Epub Date: 2025-12-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.117149

Jingxian Zhang, Qianglong Liang, Xiangdong Ding

NiTi-based shape memory alloys are promising candidates for solid-state refrigeration owing to the latent heat associated with stress-induced martensitic transformations. However, the conventional B2→B19′ pathway is constrained by a fundamental trade-off between elastocaloric performance and cyclic stability. In this work, we demonstrate that activating the R→B19′ transformation pathway effectively circumvents this limitation. Differential scanning calorimetry confirms stable and reversible R→B19′ transformations in binary NiTi alloys. The reduced energy barrier between the R-phase and B19′ martensite facilitates a more continuous and efficient transformation, thereby suppressing the accumulation of irreversible defects. Through integrated thermomechanical processing and microstructural characterization, we show that NiTi alloys undergoing reversible R↔B19′ transformations exhibit a large adiabatic temperature change (18.59 K), high recoverable strain (4.86%), and exceptional cycling stability, retaining over 99% of performance after 200 tensile cycles. These findings establish a robust design strategy for high-performance shape memory alloys.

镍钛基形状记忆合金由于与应力诱导马氏体相变相关的潜热，是固态制冷的有希望的候选者。然而，传统的B2→B19’路径受到弹性热性能和循环稳定性之间的基本权衡的限制。在这项工作中，我们证明激活R→B19’转化途径有效地绕过了这一限制。差示扫描量热法证实了二元NiTi合金中R→B19′的稳定可逆转变。减小了r相与B19′马氏体之间的能垒，使得相变更加连续和有效，从而抑制了不可逆缺陷的积累。通过综合的热机械处理和微观结构表征，我们发现经过可逆R↔B19 '转化的NiTi合金具有较大的绝热温度变化（18.59 K）、高的可恢复应变（4.86%）和优异的循环稳定性，在200次拉伸循环后仍保持99%以上的性能。这些发现为高性能形状记忆合金的设计奠定了坚实的基础。

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引用次数: 0

Optimizing strength and ductility in CoCrNiAl alloys by coupling lattice distortion with stacking fault energy 利用晶格畸变和层错能耦合优化CoCrNiAl合金的强度和延展性

IF 5.6 2区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Scripta Materialia

Pub Date : 2026-03-15 Epub Date: 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.117151

Weizong Bao , Ning Ding , Jiawen Zhang , Ziqi Mei , Guoqiang Xie , Binbin He , Wenjun Lu

Overcoming the strength–ductility trade-off in structural alloys has long relied on micro/nanoscale defect engineering. Here we present a coordinated design framework that combines lattice distortion with control of stacking fault energy (SFE) in a CoCrNiAl multi-principal element alloy (MPEA). Al, with a 14 % atomic size mismatch, is selected to induce strong lattice distortion while simultaneously lowering the SFE. First-principles calculations reveal that this dual effect arises from both increased bond length variation, which enhances solid-solution strengthening, and charge transfer with bond strengthening, which reduces the SFE. The lowered SFE activates deformation twinning and stacking fault formation, sustaining strain hardening and improving ductility. This cross-scale design offers a complementary perspective to conventional defect-based approaches for developing high-performance alloys.

长期以来，克服结构合金的强度与延性权衡一直依赖于微纳米缺陷工程。本文提出了一种将晶格畸变与层错能控制相结合的共nial多主元素合金（MPEA）协调设计框架。选择原子尺寸失配14%的Al来诱导强烈的晶格畸变，同时降低SFE。第一性原理计算表明，这种双重效应既来自于键长变化的增加，它增强了固溶强化，也来自于键强化带来的电荷转移，它降低了SFE。较低的SFE激活变形孪晶和层错形成，维持应变硬化，提高延性。这种跨尺度设计为开发高性能合金提供了传统的基于缺陷的方法的补充视角。

引用次数: 0

Thermally induced structural evolution in amorphous ge-as-se enhances ovonic threshold switching 热诱导非晶态锗砷化镓的结构演化增强了电子阈值开关

IF 5.6 2区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Scripta Materialia

Pub Date : 2026-03-15 Epub Date: 2025-12-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.117139

Yuhao Wang , Haotian Wang , Xiangyu Fu , Yulai Zhu , Sannian Song , Zhitang Song

Amorphous GeAsSe chalcogenides exhibit unique ovonic threshold switching (OTS) behavior for selector devices, yet their performance is limited by structural instability. Herein, we demonstrate that 400 °C annealing induced a liquid-liquid transition (LLT)-like structural reorganization in Ge₂₃As₂₂Se₅₅ glass, leading to remarkable improvements in OTS characteristics. XPS analysis reveals suppressed homopolar bonds and enhanced heteropolar coordination (GeSe_4/2, AsSe_3/2). Radial distribution functions further evidence local ordering with sharpened As-Se correlations and emergent Se-Se shoulder peaks. This reorganization intensifies Peierls distortion in isolated [AsSe₃] units, widening the bandgap by enhancing lone-pair electron localization. Consequently, annealed OTS devices achieve a 45% higher threshold voltage, over 3-order reduction in leakage current, and endurance increased by two orders of magnitude (>10⁸ cycles). Our work can stimulate further exploration of the thermal stability of chalcogenide-based OTS materials, lay a solid foundation for developing LLT-like structural reorganization as a promising strategy for designing thermally stable selectors.

无定形锗asse硫族化合物在选择器件中表现出独特的卵泡阈值开关（OTS）行为，但其性能受到结构不稳定性的限制。在这里，我们证明了400°C退火诱导了Ge23As22Se55玻璃的液-液转变（LLT）样结构重组，导致OTS特性显著改善。XPS分析显示均极性键抑制，异极性配位增强（GeSe4/2, AsSe3/2）。径向分布函数进一步证明了As-Se相关性增强和Se-Se肩峰涌现的局部有序性。这种重组强化了孤立的[AsSe3]单元中的佩尔斯畸变，通过增强孤对电子局域化来扩大带隙。因此，退火后的OTS器件的阈值电压提高了45%，漏电流降低了3个数量级以上，耐用性提高了两个数量级（>；108个周期）。我们的工作可以激发对硫族化合物基OTS材料热稳定性的进一步探索，为开发类似llt的结构重组作为设计热稳定选择剂的有前途的策略奠定坚实的基础。

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引用次数: 0

Nanocrystalline-accelerated grain boundary diffusion creep for enhanced densification rate of nano-Cu sintering 纳米晶加速晶界扩散蠕变对纳米cu烧结致密化速率的提高

IF 5.6 2区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Scripta Materialia

Pub Date : 2026-03-15 Epub Date: 2025-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.117142

Shuaiqi Wang , Guisheng Zou , Jinpeng Huo , Chengjie Du , Rongbao Du , Dejian Li , Shunfeng Han , Bofu Li , Lei Liu

Advanced electronic packaging requires highly dense sintered Cu interconnects for serving under extreme conditions. However, densification of nano-Cu is typically limited by insufficient driving force from surface energy during final sintering stage. This study presented a creep strategy to promote atomic flow, facilitating the final-stage densification. In conditions of 300°C/75 MPa, densification rate of fine-grained Cu (370 nm) was approximately 8 times higher than coarse-grained Cu (1050 nm). Theoretical analysis revealed that this enhancement was attributed to activation of grain boundary diffusion (Coble) creep, with an activation energy of 89.11 kJ/mol, and demonstrating nanocrystalline acceleration effect. Using this approach, sintered Cu density was improved from 88.15% to 95.29% within 1 min. Furthermore, a transition of creep mechanisms was observed at lower temperatures (160–250 °C), where the activation energy decreased to 14.19 kJ/mol and the influence of grain size became negligible. A critical stress threshold for densification was also identified.

先进的电子封装需要在极端条件下使用高密度烧结铜互连。然而，纳米cu的致密化通常受到最终烧结阶段表面能驱动力不足的限制。本研究提出了一种蠕变策略来促进原子流动，促进最后阶段的致密化。在300°C/75 MPa条件下，细晶Cu （370 nm）的致密化率是粗晶Cu （1050 nm）的8倍左右。理论分析表明，这种增强是由晶界扩散（Coble）蠕变激活引起的，活化能为89.11 kJ/mol，表现出纳米晶加速效应。采用该方法，烧结铜密度在1 min内由88.15%提高到95.29%。此外，在较低温度（160 ~ 250℃）下，蠕变机制发生转变，活化能降至14.19 kJ/mol，晶粒尺寸的影响可以忽略不计。还确定了致密化的临界应力阈值。

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引用次数: 0

Shock wave-induced multiple deformation modes in a HfNbZrVTi high-entropy alloy HfNbZrVTi高熵合金激波诱导的多种变形模式

IF 5.6 2区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Scripta Materialia

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.117088

Jingyao He , Fan Zhang , Zezhou Li , Shipan Yin , Qinghui Tang , Linbing Zhang , Yang Liu , Jichen Xu , Xingwang Cheng

The deformation behaviors in HfNbZrVTi high-entropy alloy (HEA) under shock loading are investigated. We find that, in addition to dislocation slip, multiple deformation modes are activated, including {112} kink banding, {112}<111> deformation twinning, and body-centered cubic (BCC) to omega phase transition. Atomic-scale characterization of deformation interfaces reveals that pressure dependent kink banding is driven by the movement of a₀/2<111>{112} edge dislocation pairs, while the BCC to omega phase transition involves atomic shuffling of 1/12

[11 \bar{1}]

and 1/12

[\bar{1} \bar{1} 1]

on adjacent

{(2 \bar{1} 1)}_{BCC}

planes. Furthermore, the omega phase distributes at the twin boundary accompanied with the formation of transient omega phase. These findings reflect unique deformation behaviors of HEAs comprising mixed multiple elements in extreme loading conditions.

研究了HfNbZrVTi高熵合金（HEA）在冲击载荷下的变形行为。我们发现，除了位错滑移外，还激活了多种变形模式，包括{112}扭结带化、{112}<；111>；变形孪晶和体心立方（BCC）到欧米茄相变。变形界面的原子尺度表征表明，压力相关的扭结带是由a0/2<；111>；{112}边缘位错对的运动驱动的，而BCC到omega的相变涉及相邻（21¯1）BCC平面上1/12[111¯]和1/12[1¯1¯1]的原子变换。随着瞬态相的形成，欧米茄相分布在孪晶界处。这些发现反映了混合多单元HEAs在极端载荷条件下的独特变形行为。

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引用次数: 0

On the effect of microstructural heterogeneity on yield point phenomena in architectured steel: Revealed by in-situ micro-digital image correlation (μDIC) 显微组织非均匀性对组织钢屈服点现象的影响——基于原位微数字图像相关（μDIC）的研究

IF 5.6 2区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Scripta Materialia

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.117102

B. Yu , C. Pelligra , S. Asqardoust , Y. Emun , K. Abu Samk , H. Azizi , Y. Brechet , H. Zurob

Lüders banding in carbon steel is a manifestation of discontinuous yielding and limits the formability and surface quality of the steel. In this study, we explore the role of microstructure heterogeneity in suppressing the formation of Luder band. A ferritic steel was processed by decarburization, cold rolling, and controlled annealing to induce partial recrystallization and develop a heterogeneous grain structure. This micro-architectured material resembles a functionally graded structure and inhibits the propagation of Lüders bands. We propose a simple model in which heterogeneity disrupts the spatial coherence of yield front propagation. Suppression of Lüders bands was confirmed through tensile testing with micro- digital image correlation (DIC) and in-situ micro-tensile testing in Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). This heterostructure engineering approach demonstrates a viable alternative strategy for tuning the deformation behavior of ferritic steel.

碳素钢中的粗粒带是屈服不连续的表现，限制了钢的成形性和表面质量。在本研究中，我们探讨了微观结构异质性在抑制吕德带形成中的作用。对一种铁素体钢进行脱碳、冷轧和控制退火处理，诱导其部分再结晶，形成非均匀晶粒组织。这种微结构材料类似于一种功能梯度结构，可以抑制 ders波段的传播。我们提出了一个简单的模型，其中非均质性破坏了屈服锋传播的空间相干性。通过微数字图像相关（DIC）拉伸测试和扫描电镜（SEM）原位微拉伸测试，证实了l ders条带的抑制作用。这种异质结构工程方法为调整铁素体钢的变形行为提供了一种可行的替代策略。

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引用次数: 0

Deformation of metal-ceramic nanolaminates at extreme strain rates 金属陶瓷纳米层合材料在极端应变速率下的变形

IF 5.6 2区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Scripta Materialia

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.117089

Jianxiong Li , Qi Tang , Nikhilesh Chawla , Mostafa Hassani

While the deformation mechanisms of Al-SiC nanolaminates under quasi-static and low stain rate conditions have been extensively studied, their behavior under ultra-high strain rates are not well-understood. Here we report on the high strain-rate behavior of Al-SiC metal-ceramic nanolaminates with layer thicknesses ranging from 10 to 100 nm by nanoindentation tests and laser induced microparticle impact tests. The effective strain rates spanned nine orders of magnitude, ranging from 10^–1 to 10⁸ s^-1. While the hardness of Al-SiC nanolaminates strongly depends on layer thickness at low strain rates, the differences progressively decreased with increasing strain rate, ultimately converging under ultra-high strain rate impact. At low strain rates, deformation progresses slowly, layer by layer; whereas with increasing strain rate, it transitions toward continuum, bulk-like behavior, where a large number of layers deform collectively and the mechanical response becomes increasingly governed by the volume fraction rather than the layer thickness of the constituents.

虽然Al-SiC纳米层合材料在准静态和低应变率条件下的变形机制已经得到了广泛的研究，但其在超高应变率下的行为尚未得到很好的理解。本文通过纳米压痕试验和激光诱导微粒冲击试验，研究了层厚为10 ~ 100 nm的Al-SiC金属陶瓷纳米层合材料的高应变率行为。有效应变速率范围为10-1 ~ 108 s-1，为9个数量级。在低应变速率下，Al-SiC纳米层合材料的硬度与层厚度密切相关，随着应变速率的增加，两者之间的差异逐渐减小，在超高应变速率下最终趋于一致。在低应变速率下，变形进展缓慢，逐层进行；然而，随着应变速率的增加，它向连续的、块状的行为转变，大量的层集体变形，力学响应越来越受体积分数的控制，而不是成分的层厚度。

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引用次数: 0

Response to the comments on “Practicing pseudo-binary diffusion couple method in ternary and multicomponent systems” 对“在三元和多组分系统中应用伪二元扩散偶法”评论的回应

IF 5.6 2区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Scripta Materialia

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.117090

Suman Sadhu , Anuj Dash , Neelamegan Esakkiraja , Ujjval Bansal , Raju Ravi , Saswata Bhattacharyya , Sergiy Divinski , Aloke Paul

Kulkarni et al. [1] commented on our recent work [2], criticising different aspects of the novel pseudo-binary (PB) diffusion couple method. They stated that the interdiffusion flux of an element, which remains constant, is zero, but not its intrinsic flux, whereas we considered both to be nil. We have highlighted the mathematical errors and inconsistencies in their arguments, as their logic on one aspect contradicts their logic in another. The direct estimation of four interdiffusion coefficients in Ref. [3], which they considered to support their comments in Ref. [1], is mathematically incorrect, as it is based on only two or three independent equations (depending on the number of pseudo-binary diffusion profiles considered). In this reply, we validate the pseudo-binary diffusion couple method proposed by us and highlight the self-inconsistencies in the arguments presented by Kulkarni et al. in Ref. [1].

Kulkarni等人评论了我们最近的工作[2]，批评了新型伪二元（PB）扩散偶联方法的不同方面。他们说，一个元素的相互扩散通量，保持不变，是零，但不是它的内在通量，而我们认为两者都是零。我们强调了他们论证中的数学错误和不一致之处，因为他们在一个方面的逻辑与另一个方面的逻辑相矛盾。他们认为参考[3]中四个相互扩散系数的直接估计支持他们在参考[1]中的评论，但在数学上是不正确的，因为它只基于两个或三个独立的方程（取决于所考虑的伪二元扩散曲线的数量）。在这篇回复中，我们验证了我们提出的伪二元扩散偶方法，并强调了Kulkarni等人在Ref.[1]中提出的论点中的自矛盾。

引用次数: 0

Mary Fortune Award 2026 玛丽财富奖2026

IF 5.6 2区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Scripta Materialia

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.117034

引用次数: 0

Physical feature guided design of refractory high entropy alloys for strength-plasticity synergy across wide strain rates 物理特征指导设计的难熔高熵合金在大应变率下的强度-塑性协同

IF 5.6 2区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Scripta Materialia

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.117086

Wei Wu , Junxiao Xu , Fuhua Cao , Yu Zhang , Yiren Wang , Zheng Peng , Yan Chen , Lanhong Dai

Strength and plasticity are critical properties but always unavoidable trade-offs of materials for various service environment. The vast composition-property space of refractory high entropy alloy (RHEAs) enables resolving this trade-off, but makes their composition design highly challenging. Herein, we formulate a physical feature-guided design strategy for RHEAs toward balanced strength-plasticity across strain rates. Three RHEAs with a superior combination of strength and plasticity over wide strain rate ranges were discovered and synthetized. The composition-property diagrams are constructed and an optimal composition range is identified based on model prediction for several typical refractory elements. By decoding the key physical features governing property trade-offs via interpretable machine learning (ML), this study establishes a data-efficient paradigm for multi-objective materials design, demonstrated here for refractory high-entropy alloys but extensible to other complex systems.

强度和塑性是材料的关键性能，但在不同的使用环境中，两者之间总是不可避免的权衡。耐火高熵合金（RHEAs）巨大的成分-性能空间能够解决这种权衡，但使其成分设计极具挑战性。在此，我们制定了一种物理特征指导的设计策略，以实现跨应变速率的强度-塑性平衡。在较宽的应变速率范围内，发现并合成了三种具有优异强度和塑性组合的RHEAs。通过对几种典型耐火材料的模型预测，建立了组成-性能图，确定了最佳组成范围。通过可解释的机器学习（ML）解码控制属性权衡的关键物理特征，本研究为多目标材料设计建立了一个数据高效的范例，在这里展示了耐火高熵合金，但可扩展到其他复杂系统。

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