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Exploring cultural conceptualisations in two online Singlish dictionaries 在两个在线新加坡英语词典中探索文化概念
IF 0.1 Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.54103/2035-7680/18773
Martina Guzzetti
The global spread of English has resulted in new varieties and cultures being associated with it; Cultural Linguistics studies these by emphasising the relationship between language and culturally-constructed conceptualisations. English is often seen as negative for local languages, especially in post-colonial contexts; however, speech communities can develop new varieties by localising it through ‘glocalisation’ or ‘nativisation’. The purpose of this paper is to investigate these notions by considering Singlish, the colloquial variety of Singapore English. Here, the adoption of English words has contributed to the creation of a localised variety, though this hybridisation is often seen as a corruption. The long-lasting debate around it has seen direct intervention of the Government and reactions of linguistic resistance or “chutzpah” coming from Singlish speakers, in an attempt to reclaim Singlish as the true expression of Singaporean identity. The analysis examines English words in two online Singlish dictionaries (A Dictionary of Singlish and Singapore English and The Coxford Singlish Dictionary), in order to understand the cultural conceptualisations they represent. A cross-checking with the Oxford English Dictionary further highlights differences with the standard: this helps demonstrate that English expressions can become the keywords of a culture of non-native speakers and contribute to a redefinition of its linguistic identity, rather than cancelling it.
英语的全球传播导致了与之相关的新品种和文化;文化语言学通过强调语言和文化建构的概念化之间的关系来研究这些。英语通常被视为对当地语言的负面影响,尤其是在后殖民时期;然而,语言社区可以通过“全球化”或“本土化”将其本地化,从而开发出新的变体。本文的目的是通过考虑新加坡英语的口语化变体——新加坡英语来研究这些概念。在这里,对英语词汇的采用促成了一种本土化的多样性,尽管这种混合常常被视为一种腐败。围绕这一问题的争论持续了很长时间,政府直接介入,而说新加坡式英语的人则表现出语言上的抵制或“厚颜无耻”,试图让新加坡式英语重新成为新加坡人身份的真正表达。该分析考察了两个在线新加坡英语词典(《新加坡英语和新加坡英语词典》和《牛津新加坡英语词典》)中的英语单词,以了解它们所代表的文化概念。与牛津英语词典的交叉核对进一步凸显了与标准的差异:这有助于证明英语表达可以成为非母语人士文化的关键词,并有助于重新定义其语言身份,而不是取消它。
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引用次数: 0
Una Tempesta plurale. L’esperienza di Alessia Gennari con gli attori-detenuti del carcere di Vigevano 复数风暴。Alessia Gennari与演员Vigevano监狱囚犯的经历
IF 0.1 Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.54103/2035-7680/18695
Beatrice Montorfano
Viene proposta l’analisi di un caso specifico di contatto con Shakespeare, avvenuto all’interno della produzione teatrale carceraria. Un’isola. Dalla mia finestra si vedono le montagne (2018) è un’opera teatrale che si rapporta a The Tempest sulla base della riscrittura drammaturgica elaborata dalla regista Alessia Gennari, in collaborazione con un cast multinazionale, composto da alcuni detenuti del carcere di Vigevano (PV). Nel copione, si evidenzia un utilizzo frammentario e selezionato della versione italiana del testo shakespeariano. A questo si accompagnano brevi sezioni composte direttamente dai detenuti ed elementi linguistici e culturali di provenienza variegata. In un’istituzione totale, all’interno della quale il ruolo dei detenuti è appiattito su quello convenzionale del criminale, l’attività creativa in ambito teatrale permette di sviluppare forme di resilienza nella costruzione di identità stratificate, nonché di scoprire una condizione come la vulnerabilità, propria e altrui, in apparenza molto lontana da quella della colpevolezza. In questa dimensione, Shakespeare diventa il filtro attraverso cui liberare la propria voce, nello stesso momento in cui il testo di The Tempest, nelle parole di Gennari, assume la funzione di ‘pre-testo’, a servizio del carcere e dei detenuti. Tra autorità shakespeariana e agency dei soggetti marginalizzati si stabilisce dunque un rapporto articolato, sulle cui declinazioni nella pratica drammaturgica e performativa è qui puntata l’attenzione.
对监狱戏剧制作中发生的与莎士比亚接触的具体案例进行了分析。一座岛屿。从我的窗户你可以看到《群山》(2018)是一部与《暴风雨》有关的戏剧作品,该作品基于导演Alessia Gennari与多国演员合作精心改编的戏剧,由Vigevano监狱(PV)的一些囚犯组成。在剧本中,我们强调了莎士比亚文本的意大利版本的片段和选择性使用。同时还有由囚犯和各种来源的语言和文化元素直接组成的简短部分。在一个囚犯的角色被扁平化为传统罪犯的整体机构中,戏剧中的创造性活动可以在构建分层身份的过程中发展出各种形式的弹性,并发现脆弱性、自身和他人等状况,显然与有罪相去甚远。在这个维度上,莎士比亚成为了释放声音的过滤器,同时,用根纳里的话来说,《暴风雨》的文本承担了“前文本”的功能,为监狱和囚犯服务。莎士比亚的权威和边缘化主体的机构之间建立了一种明确的关系,这里关注的是他们在戏剧和表演实践中的衰落。
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引用次数: 0
Rappresentazioni di realtà ai margini di Oslo in Alle utlendinger har lukka gardiner di Maria Navarro Skaranger e Tante Ulrikkes vei di Zeshan Shakar: kebabnorsk, glocalità e gangster ‘wannabe’ Maria Navarro Skaranger的Alle utleninger har lukka窗帘和Zeshan Shakar的Tante Ulrikkes面纱中奥斯陆边缘的现实再现:kebabnorsk,glocalitàe黑帮“想成为”
IF 0.1 Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.54103/2035-7680/18696
Edoardo Checcucci
L’articolo si concentra su due romanzi norvegesi contemporanei, Alle utlendinger har lukka gardiner di Maria Navarro Skaranger (2015) e Tante Ulrikkes vei di Zeshan Shakar (2017), e approfondisce il concetto di glocalità, qui inteso come la compresenza tra un forte attaccamento al quartiere di residenza e l’identificazione nella sottocultura giovanile globale del rap e dell’hip hop. Successivamente è presa in esame la figura del gangster “wannabe”, cioè una persona che agisce o si veste come un gangster senza però infrangere la legge. Entrambi sono comportamenti che gli studi di sociolinguistica hanno associato alla comunità di parlanti kebabnorsk.
这篇文章聚焦于两部当代挪威小说,玛丽亚·纳瓦罗·斯卡兰格的《Alle utleninger har lukka窗帘》(2015)和泽山·夏卡尔的《Tante Ulrikkes vei》(2017),并深化了全球性的概念,在这里被理解为在说唱和嘻哈的全球青年亚文化中,对居住地的强烈依恋和认同之间的共存。随后,对歹徒“wannabe”的形象进行了审查,即在不违反法律的情况下表现或穿着像歹徒的人。这两种行为都是社会语言学研究中与Kebabnorsk语社区有关的行为。
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引用次数: 0
Confronting Marginality: human and nonhuman resilience in the landscape of disaster 面对边缘:灾难景观中的人类和非人类复原力
IF 0.1 Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.54103/2035-7680/18681
Giulia Baquè
The March 2011 Tōhoku triple disaster reinforced an already liminal space inside Japan. The region of Tōhoku, historically considered at the margins, was once again framed as a marginal space separated from the Japanese ‘centre’. However, the physical area of the disaster acquired new figurative dimensions allowing for an artistic and cultural response to the events of March 2011 and to the national narrative of fast recovery. In the novel In the Zone (2016) by Taguchi Randy, the abandoned and marginal landscape of the exclusion zone assumes the characteristics of a space for survival and renovation. The human and nonhuman characters challenge their social and physical marginality through the continuous movement in the exclusion zone and across several physical and figurative boundaries. Furthermore, in this liminal space, bodily acts—such as laughing, dancing, or singing—become a way to build resilience and recover from previous traumas. This paper concludes that the novel In the Zone constructs the disaster as a positive trope engendering recovery from past traumas and confronting national discourses on the environment, women, and marginal communities.
2011年3月的Tōhoku三重灾难加强了日本国内本已有限的空间。历史上被认为处于边缘的Tōhoku地区,再次被视为与日本“中心”分离的边缘空间。然而,灾难的物理区域获得了新的形象维度,允许对2011年3月的事件和国家快速恢复的叙述作出艺术和文化反应。在田口兰迪(Taguchi Randy)的小说《In the Zone》(2016)中,禁区被遗弃的边缘景观呈现出生存和改造空间的特征。人类和非人类角色通过在禁区内和跨越几个物理和形象边界的持续运动来挑战他们的社会和物理边缘地位。此外,在这个有限的空间里,身体的行为——比如笑、跳舞或唱歌——成为一种建立弹性和从以前的创伤中恢复的方式。本文的结论是,小说《在地带》将灾难构建为一个积极的比喻,使人们从过去的创伤中恢复过来,并与有关环境、妇女和边缘社区的国家话语相对抗。
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引用次数: 0
Scelta linguistica e identità nella popolazione bilingue ucraina 乌克兰双语人口的语言选择和身份
IF 0.1 Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.54103/2035-7680/18774
Michela Avellis
Nel 1991, la conquista dell’indipendenza da parte dell’Ucraina ha portato alla (ri)scoperta di un’identità nazionale e ha posto in primo piano la questione della lingua. Da allora, la lingua ucraina ha visto crescere il proprio status e ha iniziato ad essere utilizzata in sempre più domini comunicativi, mentre, parallelamente, la nuova Costituzione dichiarava il russo lingua di una minoranza nazionale. Tuttavia, il censimento del 2001 e altri sondaggi più recenti mostrano l’esistenza di un cospicuo gruppo di madrelingua russi, e rilevano che l’uso del russo come principale lingua di comunicazione riguarda un numero di persone che eccede la comunità madrelingua. Il presente articolo contribuisce a verificare la situazione sociolinguistica della lingua russa, presentando i risultati principali della ricerca sul campo che ho condotto in Ucraina nel 2018. Dall’analisi quantitativa e qualitativa dei dati raccolti emergono la complessità del contesto linguistico e culturale ucraino e il conflitto interiore che accompagna il problema della scelta linguistica: essa è, infatti, legata all’interrogativo riguardo alla propria identità e alla difficoltà diffusa a determinare un confine tra ciò che è ‘proprio’ e ciò che è ‘altro’.  
1991年,乌克兰征服独立,重新发现了民族身份,并将语言问题置于首位。从那时起,乌克兰语的地位不断提高,并开始在越来越多的交流领域使用,与此同时,新宪法宣布俄语为少数民族的语言。然而,2001年的人口普查和其他最近的调查显示,有一大群以俄语为母语的人,并注意到使用俄语作为主要交流语言影响到母语社区以外的一些人。本文有助于验证俄语的社会语言学状况,介绍了我2018年在乌克兰进行的实地研究的主要结果。对所收集数据的定量和定性分析揭示了乌克兰语言和文化背景的复杂性,以及伴随语言选择问题而来的内部冲突:事实上,这与一个人的身份问题以及在确定什么是“自己的”和什么是“他人的”之间的边界方面普遍存在的困难有关。
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引用次数: 0
Reframing “the most holy spot in Ireland”: an analysis of the narratives from and around Kilmainham Gaol 重构“爱尔兰最神圣的地方”:对基尔迈纳姆监狱及其周围叙述的分析
IF 0.1 Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.54103/2035-7680/18687
E. Ogliari
Prisons play a prominent role in Irish imagination and collective memory, because their wings and cells bore witness to many turning points in the country’s recent history. Kilmainham Gaol, often called ‘the Bastille of Ireland’, is no exception: from 1796 to its closure in 1924, it held the leaders of nineteenth-century agrarian and nationalist revolts as well as the Easter Rising rebels in 1916. Given the Gaol’s importance in nationalist history, it has been argued that a specific narrative came to be constructed around it by its restorers: one aimed at elevating the Gaol to a symbol of the separatist struggle, and which deliberately downplayed the fact that the prison had been a place of detention also for non-political prisoners and the opponents of the Free State. Scholars contend that this narrative long dominated over stories of ordinary penal history, and, only recently, brief mentions of ‘ordinary’ prisoners and the Civil War have entered the dominant narrative. My article questions these assumptions and is divided into two parts to outline such ‘reframing’ of Kilmainham Gaol: first, drawing on archival documents, I discuss the intention of the authorities to redesign Ireland’s past as a monolithic history of struggle against the enemies of the nation in their narrative of the Gaol, and I argue for the need to consider their reasons to do so; second, I resort to Witcomb’s methodological approach to highlight how today’s curators respond to the representational challenges posed by the Gaol and aim at incorporating into the narrative of the site the dissonant voices of those who had been previously neglected.
监狱在爱尔兰人的想象和集体记忆中发挥着重要作用,因为它们的翅膀和牢房见证了该国近代史上的许多转折点。Kilmainham Gaol,通常被称为“爱尔兰的巴士底狱”,也不例外:从1796年到1924年关闭,它关押了19世纪农业和民族主义起义的领导人,以及1916年的复活节起义叛军。鉴于高卢在民族主义历史上的重要性,有人认为,高卢的修复者围绕着它构建了一个特定的叙事:一个旨在将高卢提升为分离主义斗争的象征的叙事,它故意淡化了监狱也是非政治犯和自由邦反对者的拘留场所的事实。学者们认为,这种叙事长期以来一直主导着普通刑罚史的故事,直到最近,对“普通”囚犯和内战的简短提及才成为主导叙事。我的文章对这些假设提出了质疑,并分为两部分概述了对基尔梅因汉姆高地的“重新定义”:首先,根据档案文件,我讨论了当局在对高地的叙述中,将爱尔兰的过去重新设计为与国家敌人作斗争的整体历史的意图,我认为有必要考虑他们这样做的理由;其次,我采用了威特科姆的方法论方法来强调今天的策展人是如何应对Gaol带来的代表性挑战的,并旨在将那些以前被忽视的人的不和谐声音融入到网站的叙事中。
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引用次数: 0
Kae Tempest e il potere dell’arte nella società dell’indifferenza 凯·坦普斯特和艺术在冷漠社会中的力量
IF 0.1 Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.54103/2035-7680/18691
Maria Giulia Laddago
Kae Tempest (Londra, 1985) è poeta, musicista e performer di spoken word poetry e lavora nello spazio ibrido tra poesia e musica, facendo della performance il suo tratto distintivo e il trait d’union tra le due forme. In questo contributo si analizzeranno i poemi Brand New Ancients (2013) e Let Them Eat Chaos (2016), ambientati nella Londra di oggi, dove le grandi problematiche del mondo globale – lo sfruttamento delle risorse, la gentrificazione, le diseguaglianze sociali – fanno da sfondo alle storie ordinarie di persone avvolte dal torpore e l’indifferenza causati da una vita infelice. Nel recente saggio On Connection (2020), composto durante la prima fase della pandemia da Covid-19, Tempest riflette sulla funzione sociale e politica della letteratura e sulla necessità di ritrovare un senso di comunità attraverso l’empatia.
凯·坦佩斯(Kae Tempest,伦敦,1985年)是一位诗人、音乐家和口语诗歌表演者,他在诗歌和音乐的混合空间中工作,使表演成为他的标志和两种形式的结合特征。在这篇论文中,我们将分析诗歌《全新的古人》(2013)和《让他们吃混乱》(2016),故事发生在今天的伦敦,在那里,全球世界的巨大问题——资源开发、中产阶级化、社会不平等——是人们因不幸福生活而陷入麻木和冷漠的普通故事的背景。在最近撰写于新冠肺炎大流行第一阶段的《关于联系》(2020)一文中,Tempest反思了文学的社会和政治功能,以及通过同理心重新发现社区意识的必要性。
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引用次数: 0
Between in- and re-action: Resistance and resilience in Stefan Zweig’s Erasmus of Rotterdam 在积极与反作用之间:斯蒂芬·茨威格《鹿特丹的伊拉斯谟》中的抵抗与恢复
IF 0.1 Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.54103/2035-7680/18690
Erika Capovilla
This article provides a reading of Stefan Zweig’s auto/biography Erasmus of Rotterdam (1934) as the writer’s counteraction to a situation of vulnerability and conflict. Erasmus does not just fall within the genre of the historical biography, but it also represents a “veiled autobiography” in that, by depicting a kindred soul of his, Zweig exposes himself unreservedly to the world. In contrast to most of the studies conducted so farmainly focused on the author’s implicit confession of faintheartedness through his literary alter-egothis contribution aims to demonstrate that it is not the idea of escapism, but rather that of resistance/resilience, that underpins the text. To this end, the affinities between Zweig and Erasmus in terms of their common marginality and vulnerability will be explored, in order to better understand their personal response to this status, that is, a peaceful fight carried out by means of poetic acts. According to this perspective, Zweig’s Erasmus-biography will be presented as a re-action in two different ways: on the one hand the autobiographical references disclose the writer’s concerns about National Socialism, turning his work into an artistic form of dissidence, i.e., a practice of resistance; on the other hand, the therapeutic function ascribed by Zweig to the text composition unveils it as a testimony of resilience.
本文阅读了斯特凡·茨威格的汽车/传记《鹿特丹的伊拉斯谟》(1934),作为作者对脆弱和冲突局势的反击。《伊拉斯谟》不仅属于历史传记的类型,它还代表了一本“含蓄的自传”,通过描绘一个与他相似的灵魂,茨威格毫无保留地向世界展示了自己。与迄今为止进行的大多数研究相反主要集中在作者通过文学中的另一个自我对内心的隐晦忏悔这篇文章旨在证明,支撑文本的不是逃避现实的思想,而是抵抗/韧性的思想。为此,将探讨茨威格和伊拉斯谟在共同的边缘性和脆弱性方面的相似性,以更好地理解他们对这种地位的个人反应,即通过诗歌行为进行的和平斗争。根据这一视角,茨威格的《伊拉斯谟传》将以两种不同的方式呈现为一种重演:一方面,自传体参考揭示了作者对国家社会主义的担忧,将他的作品变成了一种持不同政见的艺术形式,即一种反抗的实践;另一方面,茨威格赋予文本构成的治疗功能揭示了它是一种韧性的证明。
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引用次数: 0
La generación de los hijos en Chile. El sistema del tacto de Alejandra Costamagna 智利的孩子一代。亚历杭德拉·科斯塔马格纳的触觉系统
IF 0.1 Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-05-30 DOI: 10.54103/2035-7680/17907
Marianna Montanaro
La generación de los hijos en Chile. El sistema del tacto de Alejandra Costamagna (Alejandra Costamagna, El sistema del tacto, Barcelona, Anagrama, 2018, 182 pp. ISBN 978-84-339-9865-1) por Marianna Montanaro
智利的孩子一代。Alejandra Costamagna的触觉系统(Alejandra Costamagna,触觉系统,巴塞罗那,Anagrama,2018年,182页。ISBN 978-84-339-9865-1)作者:Marianna Montanaro
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引用次数: 0
Nota sobre educación lingüística y pandemia: retos y oportunidades de la didáctica a distancia en Italia 关于语言教育和流行病的说明:意大利远程教育的挑战和机遇
IF 0.1 Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-05-30 DOI: 10.54103/2035-7680/17894
Marianna Montanaro
por Marianna Montanaro
Marianna Montanaro
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Altre Modernita-Rivista di Studi Letterari e Culturali
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