Pub Date : 2023-12-28DOI: 10.15407/jnpae2023.04.382
S. Gokov, V. M. Horbach, Yu.G. Kazarinov, V.V. Kantemirov, V. I. Kasilov, L.N. Kolpakova, O.A. Lyukhtan, E.V. Tsiats’ko
A computer model of the system for generating neutron fluxes at the output of a linear electron accelerator has been developed in the Geant4 and PhysList QGSP BIC HP programming environment. With the help of the model, a number of virtual experiments on 107 primary neutrons were carried out. The dependence of the ratio of the number of neutrons, incident on the detector with a reflector to the number of neutrons without a reflector on the radius of curvature of the hemispherical dome of the reflector is determined, which makes it possible to establish the optimal dimensions of the working area. The energy spectra of neutrons incident on the detector are determined. It has been established that when using a graphite reflector 30 × 30 × 30 cm in size with a radius of curvature of the hemispherical dome of 5 cm, the number of neutrons at the location of the detector increases by 16.9 %, and the neutron background in the accelerator bunker decreases by 2.5 times, which is in good agreement with the real experiment made. Such a decrease in the radiation background, according to sanitary standards, will make it possible to increase the accelerator current by 2.5 times and increase the neutron flux.
{"title":"The computer model of a neutron fluxes forming system on a linear electron accelerator","authors":"S. Gokov, V. M. Horbach, Yu.G. Kazarinov, V.V. Kantemirov, V. I. Kasilov, L.N. Kolpakova, O.A. Lyukhtan, E.V. Tsiats’ko","doi":"10.15407/jnpae2023.04.382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/jnpae2023.04.382","url":null,"abstract":"A computer model of the system for generating neutron fluxes at the output of a linear electron accelerator has been developed in the Geant4 and PhysList QGSP BIC HP programming environment. With the help of the model, a number of virtual experiments on 107 primary neutrons were carried out. The dependence of the ratio of the number of neutrons, incident on the detector with a reflector to the number of neutrons without a reflector on the radius of curvature of the hemispherical dome of the reflector is determined, which makes it possible to establish the optimal dimensions of the working area. The energy spectra of neutrons incident on the detector are determined. It has been established that when using a graphite reflector 30 × 30 × 30 cm in size with a radius of curvature of the hemispherical dome of 5 cm, the number of neutrons at the location of the detector increases by 16.9 %, and the neutron background in the accelerator bunker decreases by 2.5 times, which is in good agreement with the real experiment made. Such a decrease in the radiation background, according to sanitary standards, will make it possible to increase the accelerator current by 2.5 times and increase the neutron flux.","PeriodicalId":42588,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Physics and Atomic Energy","volume":"5 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139148755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-28DOI: 10.15407/jnpae2023.04.306
A. H. Taqi, G. A. Mohammed
The isoscalar giant monopole resonance (ISGMR) of even molybdenum isotopes 92,94,96,98,100Mo has been studied within the Skyrme self-consistent Hartree - Fock - Bardeen, Cooper, and Schrieffer and quasi-particle random phase approximation. Ten sets of Skyrme-type interactions of different values of the nuclear matter incompressibility coefficient KNM are used in the calculations. The calculated strength distributions, centroid energies Ecen, scaled energies Es and constrained energies Econ of ISGMR are compared with available experimental data. Due to the appropriate value of the nuclear matter incompressibility KNM, several types of Skyrme interactions were successful in describing the ISGMR strength distribution in the 92,94,96,98,100Mo isotopes. As a result, high correlations between Ecen and KNM were found.
{"title":"Isoscalar monopole response in the neutron-rich molybdenum isotopes using self-consistent QRPA","authors":"A. H. Taqi, G. A. Mohammed","doi":"10.15407/jnpae2023.04.306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/jnpae2023.04.306","url":null,"abstract":"The isoscalar giant monopole resonance (ISGMR) of even molybdenum isotopes 92,94,96,98,100Mo has been studied within the Skyrme self-consistent Hartree - Fock - Bardeen, Cooper, and Schrieffer and quasi-particle random phase approximation. Ten sets of Skyrme-type interactions of different values of the nuclear matter incompressibility coefficient KNM are used in the calculations. The calculated strength distributions, centroid energies Ecen, scaled energies Es and constrained energies Econ of ISGMR are compared with available experimental data. Due to the appropriate value of the nuclear matter incompressibility KNM, several types of Skyrme interactions were successful in describing the ISGMR strength distribution in the 92,94,96,98,100Mo isotopes. As a result, high correlations between Ecen and KNM were found.","PeriodicalId":42588,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Physics and Atomic Energy","volume":"4 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139149473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To calculate radiation fields in the concrete biological shield (CBS) of the VVER-1000 reactor in this work, we have developed and applied the Monte Carlo code Serpent simulation framework based on the variance reduction technique. We have quantified the radial, axial, and azimuthal variation of neutron and gamma-ray fluxes and the absorbed dose rate in the CBS. Using the calculation results, we estimate maximum neutron fluence and maximum absorbed dose in the VVER-1000 CBS over the period of 60 and 80 years of the reactor operation and localize the domains of highest radiation exposure. The obtained results are in good agreement with the available data on the VVER-1000 and other pressurized water reactors. We show that the fluence of neutrons with energy above 0.1 MeV decreases by half at a depth of 4 cm of concrete, and the gamma-ray absorbed dose decreases by 40 % at a depth of 13.5 cm. The outcomes from this research will help to assess the effects of prolonged irradiation of the VVER-1000 CBS, which is required for reliable risk assessment for extended operation of nuclear power plants.
{"title":"Calculation of radiation fields in the VVER-1000 concrete biological shield using Monte Carlo code Serpent","authors":"O.M. Khotiaintseva, O.R. Trofymenko, V.M. Khotiaintsev, A.V. Nosovskyi, S.E Sholomytsky, V.I. Gulik","doi":"10.15407/jnpae2023.03.231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/jnpae2023.03.231","url":null,"abstract":"To calculate radiation fields in the concrete biological shield (CBS) of the VVER-1000 reactor in this work, we have developed and applied the Monte Carlo code Serpent simulation framework based on the variance reduction technique. We have quantified the radial, axial, and azimuthal variation of neutron and gamma-ray fluxes and the absorbed dose rate in the CBS. Using the calculation results, we estimate maximum neutron fluence and maximum absorbed dose in the VVER-1000 CBS over the period of 60 and 80 years of the reactor operation and localize the domains of highest radiation exposure. The obtained results are in good agreement with the available data on the VVER-1000 and other pressurized water reactors. We show that the fluence of neutrons with energy above 0.1 MeV decreases by half at a depth of 4 cm of concrete, and the gamma-ray absorbed dose decreases by 40 % at a depth of 13.5 cm. The outcomes from this research will help to assess the effects of prolonged irradiation of the VVER-1000 CBS, which is required for reliable risk assessment for extended operation of nuclear power plants.","PeriodicalId":42588,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Physics and Atomic Energy","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136377802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-20DOI: 10.15407/jnpae2023.03.209
Fahmi Sh. Radhi, Huda H. Kassim, Mushtaq A. Al-Jubbori, I. Hossain, Fadhil I. Sharrad, N. Aldahan, Hewa Y. Hewa Y. Abdullah
In this paper, IBM-1 and IBM-2 with a SU(3) limit are used to describe the 158Gd isotope. The calculations of energy levels in the ground state, beta-, and gamma-bands are made up, which account for 15 energy levels. However, we found that the energy states of the same spin of the beta- and vibrational bands become degenerate states. In breaking the SU(3) dynamical symmetry by introducing a value of pairing interaction, the degeneracy is lifted and the energy levels are brought up to the same order as the experimental ones.
{"title":"Description of energy levels and decay properties in 158Gd nucleus","authors":"Fahmi Sh. Radhi, Huda H. Kassim, Mushtaq A. Al-Jubbori, I. Hossain, Fadhil I. Sharrad, N. Aldahan, Hewa Y. Hewa Y. Abdullah","doi":"10.15407/jnpae2023.03.209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/jnpae2023.03.209","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, IBM-1 and IBM-2 with a SU(3) limit are used to describe the 158Gd isotope. The calculations of energy levels in the ground state, beta-, and gamma-bands are made up, which account for 15 energy levels. However, we found that the energy states of the same spin of the beta- and vibrational bands become degenerate states. In breaking the SU(3) dynamical symmetry by introducing a value of pairing interaction, the degeneracy is lifted and the energy levels are brought up to the same order as the experimental ones.","PeriodicalId":42588,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Physics and Atomic Energy","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136374877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study of 137Cs radioactive contamination of fruiting bodies of mushrooms was carried out in September - October 2022 in 18 sampling sites laid out in the Korosten district of Zhytomyr region in 3 of the most widespread forest site types (FST): fresh infertile pine site type (А2), fresh fairly infertile pine site type (В2) and moist fairly infertile pine site type (В3). It was found that the highest levels of 137Cs content in investigated FST were characteristic of symbiotrophic mushroom species - Сortinarius mucosus, Сortinarius caperatus, Sarcodon imbricatus, Imleria badia, Tricholoma equestre, Paxillus involutus, Hygrophorus hypothejus, and the lowest - for xylotrophes-saprotrophes such as Armillaria mellea and Tapinella atrotomentosa. When analyzed, it was shown that interspecific differences of average values of 137Cs aggregated transfer coefficient (Tag) among mushrooms in each FST varied in a wide range: they reached 1.1⋅103 times in FST-A2 - from 435 in Cortinarius mucosus to 0.4 m2⋅kg-1⋅10-3 in Armillaria mellea; 71.4 times - in FST-B2 - from 162 in Sarcodon imbricatus to 2.3 m2⋅kg-1⋅10-3 in Armillaria mellea; and 12 times - in FST-B3 - from 111 in Imleria badia to 9.2 m2⋅kg-1⋅10-3 in Leccinum scabrum. Also, it was shown that in genus Russula even in the same FST-B2 among five studied species a 24-fold change in average values of 137Cs Tag are observed - from 67 in Russula vinosa to 2.8 m2⋅kg-1⋅10-3 in Russula aeruginea. The results of ANOVA were discussed as well as the essentiality of the difference of the average values of Tag in mushroom species in different FST.
{"title":"Current 137Cs accumulation by mushrooms in different site types of scots pine forests of Ukrainian Polissia","authors":"O.O. Orlov, O.V. Zhukovskyi, T.V. Kurbet, V.V. Shevchuk, S.V. Sukhovetska","doi":"10.15407/jnpae2023.03.256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/jnpae2023.03.256","url":null,"abstract":"The study of 137Cs radioactive contamination of fruiting bodies of mushrooms was carried out in September - October 2022 in 18 sampling sites laid out in the Korosten district of Zhytomyr region in 3 of the most widespread forest site types (FST): fresh infertile pine site type (А2), fresh fairly infertile pine site type (В2) and moist fairly infertile pine site type (В3). It was found that the highest levels of 137Cs content in investigated FST were characteristic of symbiotrophic mushroom species - Сortinarius mucosus, Сortinarius caperatus, Sarcodon imbricatus, Imleria badia, Tricholoma equestre, Paxillus involutus, Hygrophorus hypothejus, and the lowest - for xylotrophes-saprotrophes such as Armillaria mellea and Tapinella atrotomentosa. When analyzed, it was shown that interspecific differences of average values of 137Cs aggregated transfer coefficient (Tag) among mushrooms in each FST varied in a wide range: they reached 1.1⋅103 times in FST-A2 - from 435 in Cortinarius mucosus to 0.4 m2⋅kg-1⋅10-3 in Armillaria mellea; 71.4 times - in FST-B2 - from 162 in Sarcodon imbricatus to 2.3 m2⋅kg-1⋅10-3 in Armillaria mellea; and 12 times - in FST-B3 - from 111 in Imleria badia to 9.2 m2⋅kg-1⋅10-3 in Leccinum scabrum. Also, it was shown that in genus Russula even in the same FST-B2 among five studied species a 24-fold change in average values of 137Cs Tag are observed - from 67 in Russula vinosa to 2.8 m2⋅kg-1⋅10-3 in Russula aeruginea. The results of ANOVA were discussed as well as the essentiality of the difference of the average values of Tag in mushroom species in different FST.","PeriodicalId":42588,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Physics and Atomic Energy","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136374880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-20DOI: 10.15407/jnpae2023.03.225
A.D. Skorbun, B.M. Sploshnoi, O.Yu. Zelenskyi
The structure of signals from detectors for monitoring the gamma-background around the Chornobyl NPP was considered. It is shown that they are not random, they contain certain regular components. A comparison of the signals obtained on several detectors at the same time undeniably demonstrates that the patterns obtained are not occasional and not erroneous effects.
{"title":"Observation of periodic fluctuations in the dose rate of gamma-radiation in the Chornobyl exclusion zone","authors":"A.D. Skorbun, B.M. Sploshnoi, O.Yu. Zelenskyi","doi":"10.15407/jnpae2023.03.225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/jnpae2023.03.225","url":null,"abstract":"The structure of signals from detectors for monitoring the gamma-background around the Chornobyl NPP was considered. It is shown that they are not random, they contain certain regular components. A comparison of the signals obtained on several detectors at the same time undeniably demonstrates that the patterns obtained are not occasional and not erroneous effects.","PeriodicalId":42588,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Physics and Atomic Energy","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136374876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-20DOI: 10.15407/jnpae2023.03.239
V.M. Pavlovych, V.A. Babenko
Based on new modern data regarding the state of the fuel-containing masses (FCM) of the "Shelter", as well as taking into account the neutron incident of 1990 and the physical properties of the FCM of the "Shelter", the possibility of the occurrence and development of a self-sustaining chain nuclear fission reaction was considered in the FCM. It is shown that the drying of the FCM can lead to the occurrence of a single neutron burst with an amplitude comparable to the amplitude of neutron oscillations in 1990. It is also shown that the amplitude of the burst can be reduced if the rate of drying of the FCM is increased. The evaluations show that such a burst would have no impact on the environment.
{"title":"On the possibility of the self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction inside the \"Shelter\" object at the present time","authors":"V.M. Pavlovych, V.A. Babenko","doi":"10.15407/jnpae2023.03.239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/jnpae2023.03.239","url":null,"abstract":"Based on new modern data regarding the state of the fuel-containing masses (FCM) of the \"Shelter\", as well as taking into account the neutron incident of 1990 and the physical properties of the FCM of the \"Shelter\", the possibility of the occurrence and development of a self-sustaining chain nuclear fission reaction was considered in the FCM. It is shown that the drying of the FCM can lead to the occurrence of a single neutron burst with an amplitude comparable to the amplitude of neutron oscillations in 1990. It is also shown that the amplitude of the burst can be reduced if the rate of drying of the FCM is increased. The evaluations show that such a burst would have no impact on the environment.","PeriodicalId":42588,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Physics and Atomic Energy","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136374879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article analyzes the process of formation and establishes the characteristics of the striking factors of a nuclear explosion of tactical nuclear ammunition with a power of 0.1 to 10 kt when damaging military facilities and the accompanying damage to the population of civilian communities and personnel of infrastructure facilities. Calculated are data on the parameters of air shock wave action zones, penetrating radiation flow, light pulse energy beam flow, and the dimensions of the zone of radioactive contamination of the area, which can create a negative impact on the population, residential buildings, personnel, and critical infrastructure facilities in the area of application of tactical nuclear weapons. It is shown that the zone affected by an air shock wave, depending on the type of explosion of tactical nuclear ammunition and its power, can reach a radius of up to 3100 m. Dangerous light pulse damage to the population and personnel located in the open area will be observed at a distance of 440 to 3700 m from the epicenter of the nuclear explosion. The negative impact of the penetrating radiation of a nuclear explosion on the population and personnel of critical infrastructure facilities will be observed at distances from 560 to 1300 m, depending on the type of explosion and the power of the tactical nuclear ammunition. The dimensions of the zone of radioactive contamination, in the case of the explosion of tactical nuclear ammunition, in which the most severe degree of radiation damage to the population and personnel of critical infrastructure objects will be observed, with their open location in the area, depending on the power and type of explosion, can reach from 1400 to 2600 m. And the zone in which it is necessary to carry out the priority immediate evacuation of the population can be from 3.4 to 44.0 km in the direction of the average wind. It was determined that the scale of radioactive contamination of the area will have the greatest values of the size of the areas of negative impact relative to other types of impressive factors of the nuclear explosion of tactical nuclear ammunition. In large areas of the regions adjacent to the area of application of the specified ammunition, a significant negative radiation effect will be created, which will require measures of radiation protection and evacuation of the population.
{"title":"Assessment of the consequences of the use of tactical nuclear weapons on the population and infrastructure in the regions of a nuclear explosion","authors":"O.L. Turovsky, E.V. Havrylko, O.M. Pankratov, L.A. Ustinova, B.D. Khalmuradov, V.L. Bohaienko","doi":"10.15407/jnpae2023.03.267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/jnpae2023.03.267","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes the process of formation and establishes the characteristics of the striking factors of a nuclear explosion of tactical nuclear ammunition with a power of 0.1 to 10 kt when damaging military facilities and the accompanying damage to the population of civilian communities and personnel of infrastructure facilities. Calculated are data on the parameters of air shock wave action zones, penetrating radiation flow, light pulse energy beam flow, and the dimensions of the zone of radioactive contamination of the area, which can create a negative impact on the population, residential buildings, personnel, and critical infrastructure facilities in the area of application of tactical nuclear weapons. It is shown that the zone affected by an air shock wave, depending on the type of explosion of tactical nuclear ammunition and its power, can reach a radius of up to 3100 m. Dangerous light pulse damage to the population and personnel located in the open area will be observed at a distance of 440 to 3700 m from the epicenter of the nuclear explosion. The negative impact of the penetrating radiation of a nuclear explosion on the population and personnel of critical infrastructure facilities will be observed at distances from 560 to 1300 m, depending on the type of explosion and the power of the tactical nuclear ammunition. The dimensions of the zone of radioactive contamination, in the case of the explosion of tactical nuclear ammunition, in which the most severe degree of radiation damage to the population and personnel of critical infrastructure objects will be observed, with their open location in the area, depending on the power and type of explosion, can reach from 1400 to 2600 m. And the zone in which it is necessary to carry out the priority immediate evacuation of the population can be from 3.4 to 44.0 km in the direction of the average wind. It was determined that the scale of radioactive contamination of the area will have the greatest values of the size of the areas of negative impact relative to other types of impressive factors of the nuclear explosion of tactical nuclear ammunition. In large areas of the regions adjacent to the area of application of the specified ammunition, a significant negative radiation effect will be created, which will require measures of radiation protection and evacuation of the population.","PeriodicalId":42588,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Physics and Atomic Energy","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136374882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-20DOI: 10.15407/jnpae2023.03.193
P. Belli, R. Bernabei, F. Cappella, V. Caracciolo, R. Cerulli, F.A. Danevich, A. Inchicchitti, D.V. Kasperovych, V.R. Klavdiienko, V.V. Kobychev, A. Leoncini, V. Merlo, O.G. Polischuk, V.I. Tretyak
An experiment to search for 2ε-, εβ+- and 2β+-decays of 106Cd, using a 215 g cadmium tungstate scintillation crystal enriched at 66 % by 106Cd (106CdWO4) is carried out at the Gran Sasso underground laboratory (Italy). Events in the 106CdWO4 detector are recorded in (anti)coincidences with two large-volume CdWO4 scintillation counters. The design of the detector system, calibration and background measurements, methods, and results of data analysis to determine key detector characteristics are described. The experimental data are compared with Monte Carlo simulation results, and a background model is constructed. The radioactive contamination of the setup components is studied. The sensitivity of the experiment approaches the level of theoretical predictions for the 2νεβ+-decay channel, while for other possible 2β-decay channels it is already on the level of lim T1/2 ∼ 1021-1022 years.
{"title":"Low-background experiment to search for double beta decay of 106Cd using 106CdWO4 scintillator","authors":"P. Belli, R. Bernabei, F. Cappella, V. Caracciolo, R. Cerulli, F.A. Danevich, A. Inchicchitti, D.V. Kasperovych, V.R. Klavdiienko, V.V. Kobychev, A. Leoncini, V. Merlo, O.G. Polischuk, V.I. Tretyak","doi":"10.15407/jnpae2023.03.193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/jnpae2023.03.193","url":null,"abstract":"An experiment to search for 2ε-, εβ+- and 2β+-decays of 106Cd, using a 215 g cadmium tungstate scintillation crystal enriched at 66 % by 106Cd (106CdWO4) is carried out at the Gran Sasso underground laboratory (Italy). Events in the 106CdWO4 detector are recorded in (anti)coincidences with two large-volume CdWO4 scintillation counters. The design of the detector system, calibration and background measurements, methods, and results of data analysis to determine key detector characteristics are described. The experimental data are compared with Monte Carlo simulation results, and a background model is constructed. The radioactive contamination of the setup components is studied. The sensitivity of the experiment approaches the level of theoretical predictions for the 2νεβ+-decay channel, while for other possible 2β-decay channels it is already on the level of lim T1/2 ∼ 1021-1022 years.","PeriodicalId":42588,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Physics and Atomic Energy","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136374881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-20DOI: 10.15407/jnpae2023.03.283
O.A. Vasylkevych, V.I. Slisenko
The problem considered in this work relates to the physics of liquids. Rather, to the physics of dynamic processes in liquids. The method of quasielastic scattering of slow neutrons was used to study the dynamics of molecules of the water-ethanol system as a function of concentration at a temperature of 8 °C and as a function of temperature at a concentration of X = 0.04 molar particles (mol. particl.). The overall coefficient of self-diffusion of molecules D, its single-particle Ds-p and collective Dcoll components, as well as the time of settled life of a molecule in a vibrational state t, are determined. The region of small concentrations was studied in detail, where in the vicinity of concentrations X = 0.04 mol. particl. and X = 0.2 mol. particl. two minima are found in the coefficients D and Ds-p. Time t at these concentrations increases significantly. This indicates a significant decrease in the intensity of the activation mechanism of molecular diffusion at these concentrations, which is quite possibly caused by the binding of water and ethanol molecules into complexes (clusters). Similarly, a deep minimum was found in the D and Ds-p coefficients near the temperature of 4 °С. Time t at this temperature also increases. That is, at a temperature of 4 °C, the intensity of the activation mechanism of the diffusion of solution molecules decreases. Therefore, at a concentration of X = 0.04 mol. particl. and at a temperature of 4°C, a special point exists in the water-ethanol system. However, its position does not coincide with the data on scattering light.
{"title":"Neutron studies of diffusion processes near a singular point in a dilute aqueous solution of ethanol","authors":"O.A. Vasylkevych, V.I. Slisenko","doi":"10.15407/jnpae2023.03.283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/jnpae2023.03.283","url":null,"abstract":"The problem considered in this work relates to the physics of liquids. Rather, to the physics of dynamic processes in liquids. The method of quasielastic scattering of slow neutrons was used to study the dynamics of molecules of the water-ethanol system as a function of concentration at a temperature of 8 °C and as a function of temperature at a concentration of X = 0.04 molar particles (mol. particl.). The overall coefficient of self-diffusion of molecules D, its single-particle Ds-p and collective Dcoll components, as well as the time of settled life of a molecule in a vibrational state t, are determined. The region of small concentrations was studied in detail, where in the vicinity of concentrations X = 0.04 mol. particl. and X = 0.2 mol. particl. two minima are found in the coefficients D and Ds-p. Time t at these concentrations increases significantly. This indicates a significant decrease in the intensity of the activation mechanism of molecular diffusion at these concentrations, which is quite possibly caused by the binding of water and ethanol molecules into complexes (clusters). Similarly, a deep minimum was found in the D and Ds-p coefficients near the temperature of 4 °С. Time t at this temperature also increases. That is, at a temperature of 4 °C, the intensity of the activation mechanism of the diffusion of solution molecules decreases. Therefore, at a concentration of X = 0.04 mol. particl. and at a temperature of 4°C, a special point exists in the water-ethanol system. However, its position does not coincide with the data on scattering light.","PeriodicalId":42588,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Physics and Atomic Energy","volume":"186 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136377801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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