Pub Date : 2023-04-14DOI: 10.46272/2587-8476-2023-14-1-52-71
S. I. Balakhonova
This paper delves into the issue of cyber sanctions as a novel tool in the context of the transforming global order and the fierce competition amongst great powers, which is gradually extending into cyberspace due to the growing role of information and communication technologies. The contours of geopolitical rivalry are refl ected in cyberspace, creating the potential for a quick transition from cyberspace to reality. The article investigates the risks posed by cyber-attacks, studies the nature of the contradictions between the norms of international law and cyber sanctions, carries out an analysis of the legal frameworks of the main initiating countries, and reviews the practice of imposing cyber sanctions. Following these eff orts, the conclusion was reached that cyber sanctions are traditional measures used to deter, limit, and punish malicious actions in cyberspace. An analysis of the legal bases of the main initiating countries revealed that the United States pursues its national interests, while the EU rather uses the tool to project its normative power. The cybersphere, amid this process of transforming the world order, creates opportunities for asymmetric wars and is used by states to compensate for geopolitical inequalities in the absence of rules governing behavior. The damage from a cyber-attack can be signifi cant both politically and economically. However, the consensus of the great powers on the development of common norms governing behavior in cyberspace is not possible in the short and medium term. This is due to the fact that the key initiating countries (the U.S. and the EU) are increasingly resorting to unilateral measures, while the main target states (Russia and China) appeal to the norms of international law. As the foundations of the neoliberal world order are being eroded, the antagonism of states will increase. Cyber sanctions do not oblige the initiator to provide evidence, give an accurate assessment of the damage, and do not entail the opposite eff ect per se, increasing only the image costs for opponents. Therefore, cyber sanctions are expected to become more widespread in the future.
{"title":"Cyber Sanctions as a Tool of Competition in Global Cyberspace","authors":"S. I. Balakhonova","doi":"10.46272/2587-8476-2023-14-1-52-71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46272/2587-8476-2023-14-1-52-71","url":null,"abstract":" This paper delves into the issue of cyber sanctions as a novel tool in the context of the transforming global order and the fierce competition amongst great powers, which is gradually extending into cyberspace due to the growing role of information and communication technologies. The contours of geopolitical rivalry are refl ected in cyberspace, creating the potential for a quick transition from cyberspace to reality. The article investigates the risks posed by cyber-attacks, studies the nature of the contradictions between the norms of international law and cyber sanctions, carries out an analysis of the legal frameworks of the main initiating countries, and reviews the practice of imposing cyber sanctions. Following these eff orts, the conclusion was reached that cyber sanctions are traditional measures used to deter, limit, and punish malicious actions in cyberspace. An analysis of the legal bases of the main initiating countries revealed that the United States pursues its national interests, while the EU rather uses the tool to project its normative power. The cybersphere, amid this process of transforming the world order, creates opportunities for asymmetric wars and is used by states to compensate for geopolitical inequalities in the absence of rules governing behavior. The damage from a cyber-attack can be signifi cant both politically and economically. However, the consensus of the great powers on the development of common norms governing behavior in cyberspace is not possible in the short and medium term. This is due to the fact that the key initiating countries (the U.S. and the EU) are increasingly resorting to unilateral measures, while the main target states (Russia and China) appeal to the norms of international law. As the foundations of the neoliberal world order are being eroded, the antagonism of states will increase. Cyber sanctions do not oblige the initiator to provide evidence, give an accurate assessment of the damage, and do not entail the opposite eff ect per se, increasing only the image costs for opponents. Therefore, cyber sanctions are expected to become more widespread in the future.","PeriodicalId":42590,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Business Analytics","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81355280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-14DOI: 10.46272/2587-8476-2023-14-1-92-110
N. A. Dunamalyan, V. Davtyan, A. A. Tavadyan
Throughout a 35-year period, the Armenian economy has withstood numerous crises and political shocks, including the Spitak earthquake, the fi rst Karabakh war, a decline in GDP by over 50 %, transport blockades, and the 2008 economic crisis. The aftermath of the 2020 44-day war in Nagorno-Karabakh introduced new risks and drastically altered the country’s development and economic conditions. Despite the broader context of international confrontation, which has spilled over into military conflict in Ukraine, the Armenian economy has created possibilities for growth under geopolitical uncertainty. In the short-term perspective, these developments have had a positive impact on economic growth in 2022. However, the continuity of such impact on the Armenian economy depends on the government’s concrete approaches and further existence of current conditions. The article aims to explore the interrelationship between Armenia’s foreign policy and economy in the context of global and regional changes. The policy of the Armenian government is considered through the prism of the main features of the notion “small state,” with particular attention paid to the logic of changes in foreign policy throughout the entire period of independence. By utilizing large-scale statistical data, the article presents the causes of the radical growth of Armenia’s GDP in 2022 while simultaneously analyzing its structure. The development of the country’s energetic system is presented as an illustration of the establishment of a separate field that combines export possibilities, investment potential, and risk formation. The article also covers the reasons for the relative stability of the Armenian economy under the background threat of military escalation.
{"title":"Economic Development as a Method of Foreign Policy Risk Compensation: The Case of Armenia","authors":"N. A. Dunamalyan, V. Davtyan, A. A. Tavadyan","doi":"10.46272/2587-8476-2023-14-1-92-110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46272/2587-8476-2023-14-1-92-110","url":null,"abstract":" Throughout a 35-year period, the Armenian economy has withstood numerous crises and political shocks, including the Spitak earthquake, the fi rst Karabakh war, a decline in GDP by over 50 %, transport blockades, and the 2008 economic crisis. The aftermath of the 2020 44-day war in Nagorno-Karabakh introduced new risks and drastically altered the country’s development and economic conditions. Despite the broader context of international confrontation, which has spilled over into military conflict in Ukraine, the Armenian economy has created possibilities for growth under geopolitical uncertainty. In the short-term perspective, these developments have had a positive impact on economic growth in 2022. However, the continuity of such impact on the Armenian economy depends on the government’s concrete approaches and further existence of current conditions. The article aims to explore the interrelationship between Armenia’s foreign policy and economy in the context of global and regional changes. The policy of the Armenian government is considered through the prism of the main features of the notion “small state,” with particular attention paid to the logic of changes in foreign policy throughout the entire period of independence. By utilizing large-scale statistical data, the article presents the causes of the radical growth of Armenia’s GDP in 2022 while simultaneously analyzing its structure. The development of the country’s energetic system is presented as an illustration of the establishment of a separate field that combines export possibilities, investment potential, and risk formation. The article also covers the reasons for the relative stability of the Armenian economy under the background threat of military escalation.","PeriodicalId":42590,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Business Analytics","volume":"152 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85390669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-13DOI: 10.46272/2587-8476-2023-14-1-22-36
I. Timofeev
Scholars worldwide have amassed a wealth of knowledge on the use of economic sanctions, relying on either the analysis of large datasets or the examination of particular cases. The extensive sanctions levied against Russia have spurred research into their implementation and impact among Russian scholars, necessitating impartial empirical research. This demand raises a number of epistemological questions, such as what the strategy for understanding sanctions empirically should be, how to handle data and its processing, and what implications the existing literature, both domestically and abroad, has for approaching empirical research on sanctions. The crux of the matter is the generation of quantitative datasets of multiple sanctions events and cases, which serves as an essential starting point for empirical research. This approach helps to differentiate between “normal” and “deviant” cases, thereby justifying further sampling of cases for in-depth qualitative analysis. The article vividly illustrates this point by relying on the author’s databases on sanctions events, U. S. government enforcement actions, and U.S. Congress legislation processes on sanctions.
{"title":"How to Study the Policy of Sanctions? The Vision of Empirical Research","authors":"I. Timofeev","doi":"10.46272/2587-8476-2023-14-1-22-36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46272/2587-8476-2023-14-1-22-36","url":null,"abstract":" Scholars worldwide have amassed a wealth of knowledge on the use of economic sanctions, relying on either the analysis of large datasets or the examination of particular cases. The extensive sanctions levied against Russia have spurred research into their implementation and impact among Russian scholars, necessitating impartial empirical research. This demand raises a number of epistemological questions, such as what the strategy for understanding sanctions empirically should be, how to handle data and its processing, and what implications the existing literature, both domestically and abroad, has for approaching empirical research on sanctions. The crux of the matter is the generation of quantitative datasets of multiple sanctions events and cases, which serves as an essential starting point for empirical research. This approach helps to differentiate between “normal” and “deviant” cases, thereby justifying further sampling of cases for in-depth qualitative analysis. The article vividly illustrates this point by relying on the author’s databases on sanctions events, U. S. government enforcement actions, and U.S. Congress legislation processes on sanctions.","PeriodicalId":42590,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Business Analytics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89453178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-12DOI: 10.46272/2587-8476-2023-14-1-7-8
S. Markedonov
.
．
{"title":"The Political-Economic Dialectic","authors":"S. Markedonov","doi":"10.46272/2587-8476-2023-14-1-7-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46272/2587-8476-2023-14-1-7-8","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>.</jats:p>","PeriodicalId":42590,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Business Analytics","volume":"193 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74197483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-12DOI: 10.46272/2587-8476-2023-14-1-14-21
A. Likhacheva
The conversation was conducted by S. M. Markedonov, editor-in-chief of the journal "International Analytics"
这次对话是由《国际分析》杂志的主编s.m. Markedonov主持的。
{"title":"It's Not the Economy, Stupid. Or the Nonlinear Effects of Sanctions","authors":"A. Likhacheva","doi":"10.46272/2587-8476-2023-14-1-14-21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46272/2587-8476-2023-14-1-14-21","url":null,"abstract":"The conversation was conducted by S. M. Markedonov, editor-in-chief of the journal \"International Analytics\"","PeriodicalId":42590,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Business Analytics","volume":"86 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74802191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-12DOI: 10.46272/2587-8476-2023-14-1-9-13
E. Arapova, N. Yurova
.
．
{"title":"Political Economy and International Relations","authors":"E. Arapova, N. Yurova","doi":"10.46272/2587-8476-2023-14-1-9-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46272/2587-8476-2023-14-1-9-13","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>.</jats:p>","PeriodicalId":42590,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Business Analytics","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84351588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of this study is to better understand the consumer behaviour, analysing the impact of brand authenticity on two main behavioural outcomes. The research aims also at finding out the behavioural differences of each generational cohort and to understand the effects on consumers' willingness to pay a premium price and on brand loyalty in the case of technological brands. The study follows a quantitative research design and uses a survey as a tool to collect data. The present work may suggest firms to be more targeted in their approach to create competitive advantage and strong relationships with their audiences. In present times, academics and practitioners must therefore recognize and take into consideration the differences across generational cohorts when studying and developing new marketing strategies.
{"title":"Generational Cohorts' Reactions","authors":"S. Pattuglia, Sara Amoroso","doi":"10.4018/ijban.318668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijban.318668","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to better understand the consumer behaviour, analysing the impact of brand authenticity on two main behavioural outcomes. The research aims also at finding out the behavioural differences of each generational cohort and to understand the effects on consumers' willingness to pay a premium price and on brand loyalty in the case of technological brands. The study follows a quantitative research design and uses a survey as a tool to collect data. The present work may suggest firms to be more targeted in their approach to create competitive advantage and strong relationships with their audiences. In present times, academics and practitioners must therefore recognize and take into consideration the differences across generational cohorts when studying and developing new marketing strategies.","PeriodicalId":42590,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Business Analytics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43994599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Electronic word of mouth (EWoM) is similar to the standard word of mouth- the only difference is, the use of Internet as a base in EWoM. By understanding the personality antecedents of EWoM, the consumer buyer beahviour could be analysed more specifically. The current study has the objectives of understanding the influence of the personality antecedents and EWoM, and of the consumer towards consumer purchase behaviour. The data were collected from 200 respondents in different districts of TamilNadu through a structured questionnaire. The data is analyzed by using the structural equation model in determining the relationship towards the purchase behaviour. It is evident from the study that EWoM determinant influent purchase behaviour with significant R square value of 0.41, and equally the personality of the customer influence with R square value 0.58. The model fit well and has greater alignment of fit also. The personality antecedents of EWoM have become an integral part of the current generation while making a purchase decision.
{"title":"Personality Antecedents of EWoM in Determining Online Customer Purchase Behavior","authors":"Vijayabanu C., Karthikeyan S., Gayathri R","doi":"10.4018/ijban.316867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijban.316867","url":null,"abstract":"Electronic word of mouth (EWoM) is similar to the standard word of mouth- the only difference is, the use of Internet as a base in EWoM. By understanding the personality antecedents of EWoM, the consumer buyer beahviour could be analysed more specifically. The current study has the objectives of understanding the influence of the personality antecedents and EWoM, and of the consumer towards consumer purchase behaviour. The data were collected from 200 respondents in different districts of TamilNadu through a structured questionnaire. The data is analyzed by using the structural equation model in determining the relationship towards the purchase behaviour. It is evident from the study that EWoM determinant influent purchase behaviour with significant R square value of 0.41, and equally the personality of the customer influence with R square value 0.58. The model fit well and has greater alignment of fit also. The personality antecedents of EWoM have become an integral part of the current generation while making a purchase decision.","PeriodicalId":42590,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Business Analytics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44158477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-13DOI: 10.46272/2587-8476-2022-13-4-111-128
K. Matsuzato
{"title":"The Syrian War in Russia’s Intensifying Discourse Against the Unipolar World","authors":"K. Matsuzato","doi":"10.46272/2587-8476-2022-13-4-111-128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46272/2587-8476-2022-13-4-111-128","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42590,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Business Analytics","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73824459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-13DOI: 10.46272/2587-8476-2022-13-4-94-110
S. Demidenko, R. I. Fainshmidt
{"title":"Kurdish Statehood and Islamist Political Concept","authors":"S. Demidenko, R. I. Fainshmidt","doi":"10.46272/2587-8476-2022-13-4-94-110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46272/2587-8476-2022-13-4-94-110","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42590,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Business Analytics","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85390066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：