Pub Date : 2024-08-09DOI: 10.1016/j.snr.2024.100233
The presence of nitrite, a prevalent contaminant in natural environments, presents a significant environmental and human health concern. Hence, it is imperative to develop a sensor with the ability to quantitatively detect nitrite. This study focuses on the design and development of i) probe 1: tilted fiber Bragg gratings (TFBGs) and ii) probe 2: fiber optic tip-based plasmonic sensors utilizing ion-imprinted polymers. The concentration of nitrite was assessed at various levels using both sensing configurations. The outcomes indicated that the TFBGs-based sensor exhibited a sensitivity and limit of detection (LOD) of 0.469 nm/ln(μg/mL) and 0.142 μg/mL in the linear detection range of 0.5–50 μg/mL. The fiber optic tip-based sensor exhibited a sensitivity and LOD of 1.16 nm/ln(μg/mL) and 0.176 μg/mL within the 1–50 μg/mL linear detection range. The obtained sensing results reveal that the sensors presented in this study are able to accurately detect nitrite at various concentrations in a quantitative manner. Moreover, an assessment was conducted to examine the selectivity and reusability of the sensor individually, yielding satisfactory results.
{"title":"Advanced fiber optic sensors for quantitative nitrite detection: Comparative analysis of plasmonic tilted fiber Bragg gratings and fiber optic tips with ion-imprinted polymers","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.snr.2024.100233","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snr.2024.100233","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The presence of nitrite, a prevalent contaminant in natural environments, presents a significant environmental and human health concern. Hence, it is imperative to develop a sensor with the ability to quantitatively detect nitrite. This study focuses on the design and development of i) probe 1: tilted fiber Bragg gratings (TFBGs) and ii) probe 2: fiber optic tip-based plasmonic sensors utilizing ion-imprinted polymers. The concentration of nitrite was assessed at various levels using both sensing configurations. The outcomes indicated that the TFBGs-based sensor exhibited a sensitivity and limit of detection (LOD) of 0.469 nm/ln(μg/mL) and 0.142 μg/mL in the linear detection range of 0.5–50 μg/mL. The fiber optic tip-based sensor exhibited a sensitivity and LOD of 1.16 nm/ln(μg/mL) and 0.176 μg/mL within the 1–50 μg/mL linear detection range. The obtained sensing results reveal that the sensors presented in this study are able to accurately detect nitrite at various concentrations in a quantitative manner. Moreover, an assessment was conducted to examine the selectivity and reusability of the sensor individually, yielding satisfactory results.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":426,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666053924000493/pdfft?md5=efa8aaf2eabaefd73fdc48b1e1c834ba&pid=1-s2.0-S2666053924000493-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141978019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-06DOI: 10.1016/j.snr.2024.100232
Diabetes disease caused by hyperglycemia has many complications, including cardiovascular disease, kidney disease and visual impairment. Effective and stable platform of enzyme-free glucose detection is significant important for the monitoring of diabetes disease. In this work, uniform single MXene layers were fabricated with large scale through HCl/LiF etching and tapered gold nanostructures (AuTNs) was electrodeposited on the MXene layers. The AuTNs with three-dimensional conical apex on the MXene layers can effectively increase the specific surface ratio and active sites. The composite materials of AuTNs and MXene layers assembled on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) can significantly increase the electrochemical performance during glucose detection. The modified electrode of AuTNs/MXene/GCE shows good linearity from 0.1 nM to 10.0 mM, low limit of detection (LOD) of 1.43 nM and fast response time of 1.0 s, exhibiting high sensitivity, good stability and high selectivity for glucose during electrochemical detection. The high performance of the modified electrode provides promising potential application in enzyme-free sensor for the electrochemical detection of glucose.
{"title":"High electrochemical performance of glucose detection based on tapered gold nanostructures and MXene layers","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.snr.2024.100232","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snr.2024.100232","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Diabetes disease caused by hyperglycemia has many complications, including cardiovascular disease, kidney disease and visual impairment. Effective and stable platform of enzyme-free glucose detection is significant important for the monitoring of diabetes disease. In this work, uniform single MXene layers were fabricated with large scale through HCl/LiF etching and tapered gold nanostructures (AuTNs) was electrodeposited on the MXene layers. The AuTNs with three-dimensional conical apex on the MXene layers can effectively increase the specific surface ratio and active sites. The composite materials of AuTNs and MXene layers assembled on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) can significantly increase the electrochemical performance during glucose detection. The modified electrode of AuTNs/MXene/GCE shows good linearity from 0.1 nM to 10.0 mM, low limit of detection (LOD) of 1.43 nM and fast response time of 1.0 s, exhibiting high sensitivity, good stability and high selectivity for glucose during electrochemical detection. The high performance of the modified electrode provides promising potential application in enzyme-free sensor for the electrochemical detection of glucose.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":426,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666053924000481/pdfft?md5=24c31065ad09ebad44def61d15f36b08&pid=1-s2.0-S2666053924000481-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141978018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-06DOI: 10.1016/j.snr.2024.100228
In this study, cupric oxide nanowires (CuO NWs) on patterned interdigitated electrodes (PIEs) used as ozone (O3) gas sensors, were successfully fabricated using thermal oxidation and the microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technique. After the thermal oxidation process, CuO NWs with different heights and densities were fabricated using a pure copper seed layer with a thickness ranging from 0.5 μm to 2 μm. In this experiment, a low temperature, low concentration, and repeatable CuO NWs gas sensor was fabricated, which can detect O3 gas at a low concentration of 50 ppb and low temperature of 100°C with a high sensor response (40%). The concentration response of this gas sensor shows an increasing linear trend, with an increase of O3 concentration in the range of 50 ppb - 300 ppb. Additionally, the results indicated that this CuO NWs gas sensor is more selective for O3 than CO, CO2, C2H5OH, C3H6O, NO2, or NH3. While CuO has been less studied in O3 detection compared with other semiconducting metal oxide materials, CuO NWs show potential applications in gas sensing devices for low-temperature and low-concentration O3 environmental monitoring.
{"title":"Thermal oxidation CuO nanowire gas sensor for ozone detection applications","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.snr.2024.100228","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snr.2024.100228","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, cupric oxide nanowires (CuO NWs) on patterned interdigitated electrodes (PIEs) used as ozone (O<sub>3</sub>) gas sensors, were successfully fabricated using thermal oxidation and the microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technique. After the thermal oxidation process, CuO NWs with different heights and densities were fabricated using a pure copper seed layer with a thickness ranging from 0.5 μm to 2 μm. In this experiment, a low temperature, low concentration, and repeatable CuO NWs gas sensor was fabricated, which can detect O<sub>3</sub> gas at a low concentration of 50 ppb and low temperature of 100°C with a high sensor response (40%). The concentration response of this gas sensor shows an increasing linear trend, with an increase of O<sub>3</sub> concentration in the range of 50 ppb - 300 ppb. Additionally, the results indicated that this CuO NWs gas sensor is more selective for O<sub>3</sub> than CO, CO<sub>2</sub>, C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>OH, C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub>O, NO<sub>2</sub>, or NH<sub>3</sub>. While CuO has been less studied in O<sub>3</sub> detection compared with other semiconducting metal oxide materials, CuO NWs show potential applications in gas sensing devices for low-temperature and low-concentration O<sub>3</sub> environmental monitoring.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":426,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666053924000444/pdfft?md5=ab9ecac51bdeb8139f5d6975bc3bef60&pid=1-s2.0-S2666053924000444-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142011058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-05DOI: 10.1016/j.snr.2024.100230
As the most economically developed area in China, the environmental water quality of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area has received extensive attention, and the spatial variations of total phosphorus (TP) in the Greater Bay were significant, conventional laboratory analysis is difficult to meet the requirements of TP monitoring due to time and cost consuming, and Fourier transform infrared attenuated total reflectance spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR) technology, combined with the self-adaptive partial least squares (SA-PLS) model, was used to determine the TP concentration. The results showed that P-O vibrations were observed in the wavenumber range of 1200–900 cm−1, and prediction models were established by using this range. For the conventional partial least squares (PLS) model, the R2, RMSE and RPD were 0.817, 0.022 mg L−1 and 2.335, respectively, while for the SA-PLS model the prediction was improved with the values of 0.965, 0.010 mg L−1, 5.296, respectively, and the SA-PLS mode prediction was satisfied when the TP content in water was more than 0.05 mg L−1. It was found that the TP determination was interfered by sulfate, when the sulfate content was < 100 mg L−1, both SA-PLS and the conventional PLS model could be used for quantitative analysis of TP; when sulfate content was > 100 mg L−1, PLS model could not be used while the SA-PLS model still achieved an excellent prediction. Therefore, FTIR-ATR combined with SA-PLS model can rapidly determine TP in water, providing an alternative strategy for monitoring TP in natural water bodies.
作为中国经济最发达的地区,粤港澳大湾区的环境水质受到广泛关注,大湾区总磷(TP)空间变化显著,常规实验室分析耗时耗钱,难以满足TP监测的要求,采用傅立叶变换红外衰减全反射光谱(FTIR-ATR)技术,结合自适应偏最小二乘法(SA-PLS)模型,测定TP浓度。结果表明,在 1200-900 厘米的波长范围内观察到了 P-O 振动,并利用这一范围建立了预测模型。对于传统的偏最小二乘法(PLS)模型,Ⅳ和Ⅴ值分别为 0.817、0.022 mg L 和 2.335,而对于 SA-PLS 模型,预测值有所提高,分别为 0.965、0.010 mg L 和 5.296,当水中的 TP 含量大于 0.05 mg L 时,SA-PLS 模式的预测结果符合要求。研究发现,TP 的测定受到硫酸盐的干扰,当硫酸盐含量小于 100 mg L 时,SA-PLS 和传统的 PLS 模式均可用于 TP 的定量分析;当硫酸盐含量大于 100 mg L 时,PLS 模式无法使用,而 SA-PLS 模式仍能达到很好的预测效果。因此,傅立叶变换红外-ATR结合SA-PLS模型可快速测定水中的TP,为监测天然水体中的TP提供了另一种策略。
{"title":"A self-adaptive model for sensing total phosphorus in natural water bodies using Fourier transform mid-infrared attenuated total reflectance spectroscopy","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.snr.2024.100230","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snr.2024.100230","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>As the most economically developed area in China, the environmental water quality of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area has received extensive attention, and the spatial variations of total phosphorus (TP) in the Greater Bay were significant, conventional laboratory analysis is difficult to meet the requirements of TP monitoring due to time and cost consuming, and Fourier transform infrared attenuated total reflectance spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR) technology, combined with the self-adaptive partial least squares (SA-PLS) model, was used to determine the TP concentration. The results showed that P-O vibrations were observed in the wavenumber range of 1200–900 cm<sup>−1</sup>, and prediction models were established by using this range. For the conventional partial least squares (PLS) model, the <em>R</em><sup>2</sup>, <em>RMSE</em> and <em>RPD</em> were 0.817, 0.022 mg L<sup>−1</sup> and 2.335, respectively, while for the SA-PLS model the prediction was improved with the values of 0.965, 0.010 mg L<sup>−1</sup>, 5.296, respectively, and the SA-PLS mode prediction was satisfied when the TP content in water was more than 0.05 mg L<sup>−1</sup>. It was found that the TP determination was interfered by sulfate, when the sulfate content was < 100 mg L<sup>−1</sup>, both SA-PLS and the conventional PLS model could be used for quantitative analysis of TP; when sulfate content was > 100 mg L<sup>−1</sup>, PLS model could not be used while the SA-PLS model still achieved an excellent prediction. Therefore, FTIR-ATR combined with SA-PLS model can rapidly determine TP in water, providing an alternative strategy for monitoring TP in natural water bodies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":426,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666053924000468/pdfft?md5=8f4d5a932a4619b1c7cc37945f0d8300&pid=1-s2.0-S2666053924000468-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141948928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-31DOI: 10.1016/j.snr.2024.100231
Wearable glucose biosensors (WGBs) face significant challenges due to pH, temperature, and skin pollutants affecting glucose detection accuracy by disrupting D-glucose anomeric equilibrium. Although mutarotase (MUT) has historically addressed these challenges, recent research attention on MUT is limited. This systematic review evaluates the performance of biosensors utilizing MUT for enhanced glucose detection. Comprehensive searches across PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science identified 1,603 studies, of which 13 met PRISMA standards and were selected. Data were extracted and synthesized using pre-designed forms, with results presented through charts and tables. The reviewed studies did not provide clear data about the influence of MUT on the limit of detection (LOD). However, glucose biosensors incorporating MUT demonstrated sensitivity across a broad linear detection range, potentially eliminating the need for sample dilution in some instances. MUT also ensures a more accurate representation of total glucose levels in a sample, achieving complete glucose recovery (100 %) in 6 s in amperometric experiments and within 3-4 min in colorimetric, luminometric, polarimetric, and spectrophotometric studies. Despite stability concerns in 8 % of the studies, MUT proved effective across various pH (5.0–8.5) and temperature (20—37 C) ranges. These results highlight the potential of MUT in advancing glucose wearable biosensing technology.
{"title":"Enhancing the sensitivity and accuracy of wearable glucose biosensors: A systematic review on the prospects of mutarotase","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.snr.2024.100231","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snr.2024.100231","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Wearable glucose biosensors (WGBs) face significant challenges due to pH, temperature, and skin pollutants affecting glucose detection accuracy by disrupting D-glucose anomeric equilibrium. Although mutarotase (MUT) has historically addressed these challenges, recent research attention on MUT is limited. This systematic review evaluates the performance of biosensors utilizing MUT for enhanced glucose detection. Comprehensive searches across PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science identified 1,603 studies, of which 13 met PRISMA standards and were selected. Data were extracted and synthesized using pre-designed forms, with results presented through charts and tables. The reviewed studies did not provide clear data about the influence of MUT on the limit of detection (LOD). However, glucose biosensors incorporating MUT demonstrated sensitivity across a broad linear detection range, potentially eliminating the need for sample dilution in some instances. MUT also ensures a more accurate representation of total glucose levels in a sample, achieving complete glucose recovery (100 %) in 6 s in amperometric experiments and within 3-4 min in colorimetric, luminometric, polarimetric, and spectrophotometric studies. Despite stability concerns in 8 % of the studies, MUT proved effective across various pH (5.0–8.5) and temperature (20—37 <span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mo>∘</mo></msup></math></span>C) ranges. These results highlight the potential of MUT in advancing glucose wearable biosensing technology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":426,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266605392400047X/pdfft?md5=460e3bc39b854a0aad0ff6b28b7814ad&pid=1-s2.0-S266605392400047X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141949023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-23DOI: 10.1016/j.snr.2024.100229
Hepatitis C virus infection constitutes a significant global public health concern. Fluorescence technique (FL) is a promising biosensor, however, many conventional dyes exhibit reduced fluorescence or no emission at high concentrations. To break through this shackle, an ultrasensitive AIE-based (aggregation-induced emission) FL sensing platform was developed for HCV detection by using the FLRNAs-based T7 isothermal transcription amplification RNA diagnosis combined with AIE luminogens (FTAR) strategy. In the FTAR strategy, the T7 transcription amplification process was responsible for the recognition of the target HCV and produced Pepper aptamer, which could form aggregates of nanoparticles with the HBC, an AIEgen, to produce high-intensity FL. The multi-integrated signal amplification strategy led to ultrasensitivity. Moreover, under the optimal experimental conditions, HCV could be assayed in the range of 100aM-100pM. The proposed strategy has been successfully applied in detecting HCV in clinical samples. In summary, this research was the first to utilize aptamer restriction of AIEgens internal rotation to achieve aggregation-induced emission and presented the successful development of a specific, sensitive and rapid FTAR assay for HCV diagnosis. The proposed FTAR platform with facile operation, short analysis time, low-cost as well as excellent quantification ability could provide a promising tool for point-of-care testing (POCT).
{"title":"An ultrasensitive fluorescence sensing platform for HCV detection based on the T7 isothermal amplification combined with aggregation-induced emission luminogens strategy","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.snr.2024.100229","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snr.2024.100229","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hepatitis C virus infection constitutes a significant global public health concern. Fluorescence technique (FL) is a promising biosensor, however, many conventional dyes exhibit reduced fluorescence or no emission at high concentrations. To break through this shackle, an ultrasensitive AIE-based (aggregation-induced emission) FL sensing platform was developed for HCV detection by using the <u>F</u>LRNAs-based <u>T</u>7 isothermal transcription <u>a</u>mplification <u>R</u>NA diagnosis combined with AIE luminogens (FTAR) strategy. In the FTAR strategy, the T7 transcription amplification process was responsible for the recognition of the target HCV and produced Pepper aptamer, which could form aggregates of nanoparticles with the HBC, an AIEgen, to produce high-intensity FL. The multi-integrated signal amplification strategy led to ultrasensitivity. Moreover, under the optimal experimental conditions, HCV could be assayed in the range of 100aM-100pM. The proposed strategy has been successfully applied in detecting HCV in clinical samples. In summary, this research was the first to utilize aptamer restriction of AIEgens internal rotation to achieve aggregation-induced emission and presented the successful development of a specific, sensitive and rapid FTAR assay for HCV diagnosis. The proposed FTAR platform with facile operation, short analysis time, low-cost as well as excellent quantification ability could provide a promising tool for point-of-care testing (POCT).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":426,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666053924000456/pdfft?md5=db11efcce0e3fb68a9ed44593ab450db&pid=1-s2.0-S2666053924000456-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141841830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-20DOI: 10.1016/j.snr.2024.100227
High resolution 3D printing emerges as an alternative to microfabrication due to its fine resolution along with one-step manufacturing. Thus, it is broadly used in many fields, such as biological and chemical applications. We introduce such a technique to the design of the optofluidic probe by integrating optics and microfluidics as an ex vivo liquid core fiber photometry. We build the optofluidic probes with various T-shapes and conduct the transmission measurements and the ray tracing simulations, where the results are comparable. Through the transmission and fluorescence measurements, we obtain optimized curl T-shape dimensions of 524 µm wide, ∼50 µm thick, and 350 µm long with longitudinal spaces between them of 260 um. Furthermore, a heightened level of complexity in structure, characterized by a feature size of 25 µm, is attained through the improvement process. We conclude the feasibility of this optofluidic system with two applications: the in vivo-like setting consisting of thyroid biopsy training phantom and human plasma and the ex vivo-like setting consisting of the mice brain slices stained with wheat germ agglutinin (WGA). This prototype is an important step of establishing a 3D printing optofluidic applications for various in vivo research.
高分辨率三维打印因其精细的分辨率和一步法制造而成为微细加工的替代技术。因此,它被广泛应用于生物和化学等许多领域。我们将这种技术引入光流体探针的设计中,将光学和微流体学整合为体内外液芯光纤光度计。我们制作了不同 T 形的光流体探针,并进行了透射测量和光线追踪模拟,结果具有可比性。通过透射和荧光测量,我们获得了优化的卷曲 T 形尺寸:宽 524 微米、厚 50 微米、长 350 微米,它们之间的纵向空间为 260 微米。此外,通过改进工艺,结构的复杂程度也得到了提高,特征尺寸达到了 25 微米。我们通过两种应用总结了这一光流体系统的可行性:一种是由甲状腺活检训练模型和人体血浆组成的类活体环境,另一种是由小麦胚芽凝集素(WGA)染色的小鼠脑片组成的类活体环境。该原型是为各种体内研究建立 3D 打印光流体应用的重要一步。
{"title":"Ex vivo liquid core fiber photometry with high-resolution 3D printing","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.snr.2024.100227","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snr.2024.100227","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>High resolution 3D printing emerges as an alternative to microfabrication due to its fine resolution along with one-step manufacturing. Thus, it is broadly used in many fields, such as biological and chemical applications. We introduce such a technique to the design of the optofluidic probe by integrating optics and microfluidics as an ex vivo liquid core fiber photometry. We build the optofluidic probes with various T-shapes and conduct the transmission measurements and the ray tracing simulations, where the results are comparable. Through the transmission and fluorescence measurements, we obtain optimized curl T-shape dimensions of 524 µm wide, ∼50 µm thick, and 350 µm long with longitudinal spaces between them of 260 um. Furthermore, a heightened level of complexity in structure, characterized by a feature size of 25 µm, is attained through the improvement process. We conclude the feasibility of this optofluidic system with two applications: the in vivo-like setting consisting of thyroid biopsy training phantom and human plasma and the ex vivo-like setting consisting of the mice brain slices stained with wheat germ agglutinin (WGA). This prototype is an important step of establishing a 3D printing optofluidic applications for various in vivo research.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":426,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666053924000432/pdfft?md5=7ddbc188d7737ca52f35c36891b6c873&pid=1-s2.0-S2666053924000432-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141852954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-16DOI: 10.1016/j.snr.2024.100225
Nanopores play essential roles in biological processes, such as ion channels and pumps in cellular membranes, and in technological applications such as DNA sequencing. Advancements in nanofabrication techniques have enabled the routine integration of nanopores into solid-state devices, resulting in a plethora of analytical applications. This review explores recent developments in nanopore-enabled electrochemical systems, which have transcended traditional resistive pulse sensing to offer novel capabilities in single-entity studies, stimulus-responsive gating, and point-of-care diagnostics. We highlight recent studies on the design and utility of nanopore electrode arrays, which serve as nanocontainers capable of isolating and analyzing single entities, and extend the discussion to hierarchically organized, stimulus-responsive systems that regulate species transport across nanopores, enriching analytes for ultrasensitive detection. In addition, we review the utilization of probe-assisted nanopore sensing, demonstrating its efficacy in selectively binding and detecting target molecules and ions. Finally, we outline future directions for nanopore-based systems to enhance robustness, achieve high-throughput analysis, and incorporate artificial intelligence for materials design and data analysis, promising transformative impacts on diagnostics and biological research.
纳米孔在生物过程(如细胞膜中的离子通道和泵)和技术应用(如 DNA 测序)中发挥着重要作用。纳米制造技术的进步使纳米孔能够常规集成到固态设备中,从而产生了大量的分析应用。本综述探讨了纳米孔电化学系统的最新发展,这些系统已超越了传统的电阻脉冲传感,在单实体研究、刺激响应门控和护理点诊断方面提供了新的功能。我们重点介绍了纳米孔电极阵列的设计和应用方面的最新研究,该阵列可作为纳米容器隔离和分析单个实体,并将讨论扩展到分层组织的刺激响应系统,该系统可调节物种在纳米孔中的传输,富集分析物以进行超灵敏检测。此外,我们还回顾了探针辅助纳米孔传感技术的应用,展示了其在选择性结合和检测目标分子和离子方面的功效。最后,我们概述了基于纳米孔的系统的未来发展方向,以增强鲁棒性,实现高通量分析,并将人工智能用于材料设计和数据分析,从而有望对诊断和生物研究产生变革性影响。
{"title":"Nanopore sensing and beyond: Electrochemical systems for optically-coupled single-entity studies, stimulus-responsive gating applications, and point-of-care sensors","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.snr.2024.100225","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snr.2024.100225","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nanopores play essential roles in biological processes, such as ion channels and pumps in cellular membranes, and in technological applications such as DNA sequencing. Advancements in nanofabrication techniques have enabled the routine integration of nanopores into solid-state devices, resulting in a plethora of analytical applications. This review explores recent developments in nanopore-enabled electrochemical systems, which have transcended traditional resistive pulse sensing to offer novel capabilities in single-entity studies, stimulus-responsive gating, and point-of-care diagnostics. We highlight recent studies on the design and utility of nanopore electrode arrays, which serve as nanocontainers capable of isolating and analyzing single entities, and extend the discussion to hierarchically organized, stimulus-responsive systems that regulate species transport across nanopores, enriching analytes for ultrasensitive detection. In addition, we review the utilization of probe-assisted nanopore sensing, demonstrating its efficacy in selectively binding and detecting target molecules and ions. Finally, we outline future directions for nanopore-based systems to enhance robustness, achieve high-throughput analysis, and incorporate artificial intelligence for materials design and data analysis, promising transformative impacts on diagnostics and biological research.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":426,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666053924000419/pdfft?md5=4992c1248dbbf3e58110701b170b193f&pid=1-s2.0-S2666053924000419-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141839932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-16DOI: 10.1016/j.snr.2024.100224
This study evaluates the influence of paper substrate selection on the electrochemical response of an electrochemical paper-based analytical device (ePAD). Various paper substrates commonly employed in this type of devices such as cellulose, nitrocellulose and glass-fibre based medical grade materials are evaluated using chronoamperometric measurements. Both theoretical modelling and experimental analyses are conducted to understand the diffusion behaviour of widely employed two redox probes, [Fe(CN)6]3− and FcMeOH. Findings show that glass fibre substrates show similar performance to liquid drop conditions while nitrocellulose cause a decrease in current after a short measurement period, mainly due to a thin-layer effect. Cellulose-based substrates decrease the diffusivity of redox species, especially for charged species, indicating potential limitations in their use for chronoamperometric measurements. The study offers valuable insights into the electrochemical behaviour of paper substrates in ePADs, laying the groundwork for future research in this area.
{"title":"Unveiling the effect of paper matrix on the electrochemical response of diffusive redox probes","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.snr.2024.100224","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snr.2024.100224","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study evaluates the influence of paper substrate selection on the electrochemical response of an electrochemical paper-based analytical device (ePAD). Various paper substrates commonly employed in this type of devices such as cellulose, nitrocellulose and glass-fibre based medical grade materials are evaluated using chronoamperometric measurements. Both theoretical modelling and experimental analyses are conducted to understand the diffusion behaviour of widely employed two redox probes, [Fe(CN)<sub>6</sub>]<sup>3−</sup> and FcMeOH. Findings show that glass fibre substrates show similar performance to liquid drop conditions while nitrocellulose cause a decrease in current after a short measurement period, mainly due to a thin-layer effect. Cellulose-based substrates decrease the diffusivity of redox species, especially for charged species, indicating potential limitations in their use for chronoamperometric measurements. The study offers valuable insights into the electrochemical behaviour of paper substrates in ePADs, laying the groundwork for future research in this area.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":426,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666053924000407/pdfft?md5=bb215137d80b372495974d62dfaef5da&pid=1-s2.0-S2666053924000407-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141697147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-15DOI: 10.1016/j.snr.2024.100226
This work presents the design and optimization of a new Cr(VI)-selective electrode. The new sensor is based on modifying a glassy carbon electrode with carbon quantum dots, ß-cyclodextrin, and carbon disulfide. The carbon quantum dots aided the electrical properties of the glassy carbon by improving charge transfer; the electropolymerization of ß-cyclodextrin resulted in a polymeric membrane that functions as a recognition element when modified by adding sulfur donor groups to its structure. Modifying the membrane with sulfur atoms gave the sensor excellent selectivity toward Cr(VI) ions. The electrode synthesis was optimized using a 23 factorial design; the factors studied were pH, the number of cycles in the electropolymerization, and the presence or absence of carbon nanoparticles. Eight different electrodes were constructed, and their potentiometric response to different concentrations of Cr(VI) was evaluated for all of them. The analysis of variance of the experimental design found no significant effect of any factor on the response. However, it suggests a strong interaction between the three factors studied. The sensor that presented the best analytical parameters was synthesized at pH 5 and 50 consecutive cycles in the presence of carbon quantum dots. This new electrode, with its response times of 40 s at different concentrations of the metal ion, exhibiting a slope of (66.0 ± 2.1) mV decade−1 and a detection limit of (5.2 ± 0.1)x10−7 mol L−1, can be used at pH between 0 and 3 without the effect of hydronium ions. The proposed electrode has good reproducibility and excellent selectivity against various metal ions and has significant advantages over other analysis methods. Its cost, ease of construction, easy handling, ease of operation, ease of storage and transportation, as well as good performance, short response time, and high selectivity make this electrode a valuable tool for easy, fast, and reliable monitoring of Cr(VI) in water samples, contributing to the safety and health of our environment.
{"title":"Design and optimization of a Cr(VI)-Selective Electrode based on a polymeric ß-cyclodextrin membrane modified with sulfur donor groups","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.snr.2024.100226","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snr.2024.100226","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This work presents the design and optimization of a new Cr(VI)-selective electrode. The new sensor is based on modifying a glassy carbon electrode with carbon quantum dots, ß-cyclodextrin, and carbon disulfide. The carbon quantum dots aided the electrical properties of the glassy carbon by improving charge transfer; the electropolymerization of ß-cyclodextrin resulted in a polymeric membrane that functions as a recognition element when modified by adding sulfur donor groups to its structure. Modifying the membrane with sulfur atoms gave the sensor excellent selectivity toward Cr(VI) ions. The electrode synthesis was optimized using a 2<sup>3</sup> factorial design; the factors studied were pH, the number of cycles in the electropolymerization, and the presence or absence of carbon nanoparticles. Eight different electrodes were constructed, and their potentiometric response to different concentrations of Cr(VI) was evaluated for all of them. The analysis of variance of the experimental design found no significant effect of any factor on the response. However, it suggests a strong interaction between the three factors studied. The sensor that presented the best analytical parameters was synthesized at pH 5 and 50 consecutive cycles in the presence of carbon quantum dots. This new electrode, with its response times of 40 s at different concentrations of the metal ion, exhibiting a slope of (66.0 ± 2.1) mV decade<sup>−1</sup> and a detection limit of (5.2 ± 0.1)x10<sup>−7</sup> mol L<sup>−1</sup>, can be used at pH between 0 and 3 without the effect of hydronium ions. The proposed electrode has good reproducibility and excellent selectivity against various metal ions and has significant advantages over other analysis methods. Its cost, ease of construction, easy handling, ease of operation, ease of storage and transportation, as well as good performance, short response time, and high selectivity make this electrode a valuable tool for easy, fast, and reliable monitoring of Cr(VI) in water samples, contributing to the safety and health of our environment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":426,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666053924000420/pdfft?md5=5326a7086758dee18ee01ace674f2eca&pid=1-s2.0-S2666053924000420-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141637277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}