Pub Date : 2020-09-03DOI: 10.1080/00681288.2020.1795471
Katherine Emery
‘Blessed place, blessed church/In which the memory of Thomas flourishes!’ Thus begins the antiphon Felix locus from the passion office of Thomas Becket (d. 1170), written around 1173. Performed annually on the anniversary of his martyrdom, the chant exemplifies the ways in which the Christ Church monks sought to keep Becket’s memory alive at the place of his death through the institution of a liturgy that outlined the parameters of his sanctity. By instituting a framework of devotion at Canterbury, the monks also attempted to ‘re-experience’ Becket’s martyrdom through performance of the liturgy, especially in the newly constructed Trinity chapel, a ‘virtual reliquary’ for the saint’s relics. These hagiographic narratives were expanded in 1220, fifty years after Becket’s death, when Archbishop Stephen Langton (d. 1228) arranged for Becket’s translation from the crypt into the Trinity chapel. This article will explore ways in which Canterbury Cathedral was cast as a permanent memorial to Becket, creating a conversation between chant, architecture, and performance, thereby underlining the cathedral’s importance as the stage of Becket’s martyrdom.
{"title":"Architecture, Space and Memory: Liturgical Representation of Thomas Becket, 1170–1220","authors":"Katherine Emery","doi":"10.1080/00681288.2020.1795471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00681288.2020.1795471","url":null,"abstract":"‘Blessed place, blessed church/In which the memory of Thomas flourishes!’ Thus begins the antiphon Felix locus from the passion office of Thomas Becket (d. 1170), written around 1173. Performed annually on the anniversary of his martyrdom, the chant exemplifies the ways in which the Christ Church monks sought to keep Becket’s memory alive at the place of his death through the institution of a liturgy that outlined the parameters of his sanctity. By instituting a framework of devotion at Canterbury, the monks also attempted to ‘re-experience’ Becket’s martyrdom through performance of the liturgy, especially in the newly constructed Trinity chapel, a ‘virtual reliquary’ for the saint’s relics. These hagiographic narratives were expanded in 1220, fifty years after Becket’s death, when Archbishop Stephen Langton (d. 1228) arranged for Becket’s translation from the crypt into the Trinity chapel. This article will explore ways in which Canterbury Cathedral was cast as a permanent memorial to Becket, creating a conversation between chant, architecture, and performance, thereby underlining the cathedral’s importance as the stage of Becket’s martyrdom.","PeriodicalId":42723,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the British Archaeological Association","volume":"173 1","pages":"61 - 77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00681288.2020.1795471","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46186355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-02DOI: 10.1080/00681288.2020.1792060
Tom Nickson
Light imagery is prominent in the lives, miracles, liturgy and cult of St Thomas of Canterbury. The Customary of the Shrine of St Thomas, composed in 1428, also shows that light was carefully regulated in Canterbury Cathedral, with the most spectacular display of artificial light (i.e., candlelight) reserved for Thomas’s December Passion feast. This article considers the symbolic significance of light in Thomas’s cult, and how artificial and natural light were managed and enhanced by the settings of his tomb and shrine in Canterbury Cathedral’s east end.
{"title":"Light, Canterbury and the Cult of St Thomas","authors":"Tom Nickson","doi":"10.1080/00681288.2020.1792060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00681288.2020.1792060","url":null,"abstract":"Light imagery is prominent in the lives, miracles, liturgy and cult of St Thomas of Canterbury. The Customary of the Shrine of St Thomas, composed in 1428, also shows that light was carefully regulated in Canterbury Cathedral, with the most spectacular display of artificial light (i.e., candlelight) reserved for Thomas’s December Passion feast. This article considers the symbolic significance of light in Thomas’s cult, and how artificial and natural light were managed and enhanced by the settings of his tomb and shrine in Canterbury Cathedral’s east end.","PeriodicalId":42723,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the British Archaeological Association","volume":"173 1","pages":"78 - 99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00681288.2020.1792060","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49391129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-28DOI: 10.1080/00681288.2020.1801193
Kathryn R. Barush
After the dismantling of Becket’s shrine during the Protestant Reformation, the holiness associated with the saint has been diffused in and through material and aural culture. Drawing on the vernacular devotional use of Becket’s relics from the Middle Ages onwards, including ‘Canterbury water’, I argue that songs associated with the saint have similarly been perceived to have healing, protective and apotropaic capacities. The primary case study is the interreligious, musical and ritual practices engaged today along the ‘Old Way’ pilgrimage to Canterbury and at the cathedral itself, as imagined, mapped and facilitated by the British Pilgrimage Trust, founded in 2014 by Guy Hayward and Will Parsons. An interdisciplinary art historical and ethnographic approach using participant observation is employed to highlight the integral role of music and object-based ritual praxis in translating perceived pilgrimages of the past into the present. Music, I argue, can be understood as ‘Canterbury water’ for the 21st century.
{"title":"The Afterlife of Becket in the Modern Imagination","authors":"Kathryn R. Barush","doi":"10.1080/00681288.2020.1801193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00681288.2020.1801193","url":null,"abstract":"After the dismantling of Becket’s shrine during the Protestant Reformation, the holiness associated with the saint has been diffused in and through material and aural culture. Drawing on the vernacular devotional use of Becket’s relics from the Middle Ages onwards, including ‘Canterbury water’, I argue that songs associated with the saint have similarly been perceived to have healing, protective and apotropaic capacities. The primary case study is the interreligious, musical and ritual practices engaged today along the ‘Old Way’ pilgrimage to Canterbury and at the cathedral itself, as imagined, mapped and facilitated by the British Pilgrimage Trust, founded in 2014 by Guy Hayward and Will Parsons. An interdisciplinary art historical and ethnographic approach using participant observation is employed to highlight the integral role of music and object-based ritual praxis in translating perceived pilgrimages of the past into the present. Music, I argue, can be understood as ‘Canterbury water’ for the 21st century.","PeriodicalId":42723,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the British Archaeological Association","volume":"173 1","pages":"204 - 217"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00681288.2020.1801193","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46500961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-24DOI: 10.1080/00681288.2020.1794346
C. Richardson
Thomas of Canterbury has very particular significance for the Venerable English College in Rome, the Roman Catholic Seminary originally founded in the 16th century in the properties of the medieval pilgrim hospice. The archbishop came to have physical, spiritual and political associations with the institution as a result of his exile from England and royally sanctioned murder, so much so that the English and Welsh national church in the papal city is now dedicated to him. In the context of the Protestant Reformation and the Dissolution of the Monasteries in Britain, students and exiled priests studying at the Roman college looked to Thomas’s example of resistance to secular interference, reinforced by means of relics and depictions of Thomas in a highly charged pictorial scheme in the college church.
{"title":"St Thomas at the English College in Rome","authors":"C. Richardson","doi":"10.1080/00681288.2020.1794346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00681288.2020.1794346","url":null,"abstract":"Thomas of Canterbury has very particular significance for the Venerable English College in Rome, the Roman Catholic Seminary originally founded in the 16th century in the properties of the medieval pilgrim hospice. The archbishop came to have physical, spiritual and political associations with the institution as a result of his exile from England and royally sanctioned murder, so much so that the English and Welsh national church in the papal city is now dedicated to him. In the context of the Protestant Reformation and the Dissolution of the Monasteries in Britain, students and exiled priests studying at the Roman college looked to Thomas’s example of resistance to secular interference, reinforced by means of relics and depictions of Thomas in a highly charged pictorial scheme in the college church.","PeriodicalId":42723,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the British Archaeological Association","volume":"173 1","pages":"183 - 203"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00681288.2020.1794346","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46609250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-20DOI: 10.1080/00681288.2020.1787632
J. Lee
A remarkable painted altarpiece in the Hamburger Kunsthalle serves as a valuable visual source for the character of devotion to St Thomas Becket in a 15th-century Hanseatic city. Commissioned from the artist Meister Francke by a guild of merchants known as the Englandfahrer, the altarpiece includes four panels depicting a narrative of St Thomas, of which two survive and two are known from an 18th-century engraving. One scene, unique among images of Becket, has previously been identified as an image of Louis VII’s pilgrimage, but is here identified as a posthumous appearance by St Thomas in a shipping port. These four scenes should not be viewed as a neutral re-narration of the saint’s written vitae, but rather as a set of images that link the saint to the contemporary concerns of the guild of merchants who commissioned the altarpiece.
汉堡美术馆(Hamburger Kunsthalle)的一幅引人注目的彩绘祭坛，是15世纪汉萨同盟城市圣托马斯贝克特(St Thomas Becket)忠诚品格的宝贵视觉来源。这幅祭坛画是由艺术家梅斯特·弗兰克(Meister Francke)委托一个被称为“英格兰父亲”(englandfarer)的商人协会制作的，包括四幅描绘圣托马斯故事的嵌板，其中两幅幸存下来，还有两幅来自18世纪的雕刻。在贝克特的照片中，有一个独特的场景，以前被认为是路易七世朝圣的图像，但在这里被认为是圣托马斯死后在一个航运港口的出现。这四个场景不应该被看作是对圣人书面简历的中立重新叙述，而是将圣人与委托制作祭坛的商人协会的当代关注点联系起来的一组图像。
{"title":"The Merchants’ Saint: Thomas Becket among the Merchants of Hamburg","authors":"J. Lee","doi":"10.1080/00681288.2020.1787632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00681288.2020.1787632","url":null,"abstract":"A remarkable painted altarpiece in the Hamburger Kunsthalle serves as a valuable visual source for the character of devotion to St Thomas Becket in a 15th-century Hanseatic city. Commissioned from the artist Meister Francke by a guild of merchants known as the Englandfahrer, the altarpiece includes four panels depicting a narrative of St Thomas, of which two survive and two are known from an 18th-century engraving. One scene, unique among images of Becket, has previously been identified as an image of Louis VII’s pilgrimage, but is here identified as a posthumous appearance by St Thomas in a shipping port. These four scenes should not be viewed as a neutral re-narration of the saint’s written vitae, but rather as a set of images that link the saint to the contemporary concerns of the guild of merchants who commissioned the altarpiece.","PeriodicalId":42723,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the British Archaeological Association","volume":"173 1","pages":"174 - 182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00681288.2020.1787632","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43971886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-20DOI: 10.1080/00681288.2020.1801192
Tom Nickson
Publication of this special issue celebrates the 850th anniversary of the murder of Thomas Becket on 29 December 1170, and his translation to a new shrine in Canterbury Cathedral on 7 July 1220. Th...
{"title":"The Cult of Saint Thomas Becket: Art, Relics and Liturgy in Britain and Europe","authors":"Tom Nickson","doi":"10.1080/00681288.2020.1801192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00681288.2020.1801192","url":null,"abstract":"Publication of this special issue celebrates the 850th anniversary of the murder of Thomas Becket on 29 December 1170, and his translation to a new shrine in Canterbury Cathedral on 7 July 1220. Th...","PeriodicalId":42723,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the British Archaeological Association","volume":"173 1","pages":"1 - 2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00681288.2020.1801192","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46891992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-18DOI: 10.1080/00681288.2020.1792061
Tom Nickson
Paul Crossley was a distinguished scholar and teacher of Gothic art and architecture. He died on 12 December 2019, aged seventy-four. His extraordinary charisma, charm, erudition and kindness will ...
{"title":"Professor Paul Crossley (19 July 1945–12 December 2019)","authors":"Tom Nickson","doi":"10.1080/00681288.2020.1792061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00681288.2020.1792061","url":null,"abstract":"Paul Crossley was a distinguished scholar and teacher of Gothic art and architecture. He died on 12 December 2019, aged seventy-four. His extraordinary charisma, charm, erudition and kindness will ...","PeriodicalId":42723,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the British Archaeological Association","volume":"173 1","pages":"218 - 220"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00681288.2020.1792061","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43962828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-07DOI: 10.1080/00681288.2020.1778960
R. Gameson
This article examines the ways in which Thomas Becket was commemorated in books of hours (horae) of different Uses, and explores the nature and implications of the texts and images associated with such commemorations.
{"title":"Becket in Horae: The Commemoration of the Saint in Private Prayer Books of the Later Middle Ages","authors":"R. Gameson","doi":"10.1080/00681288.2020.1778960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00681288.2020.1778960","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the ways in which Thomas Becket was commemorated in books of hours (horae) of different Uses, and explores the nature and implications of the texts and images associated with such commemorations.","PeriodicalId":42723,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the British Archaeological Association","volume":"173 1","pages":"143 - 173"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00681288.2020.1778960","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47011017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-05DOI: 10.1080/00681288.2020.1787631
A. Duggan
Jacques de Vitry’s embroidered English mitre is one of only three surviving episcopal mitres which portray the martyrdom of St Thomas of Canterbury, and which, moreover, are characterised by the inclusion of unexpected details in the depiction of the murder in the cathedral: Becket’s close-fitting cap, both segments of Richard Brito’s broken sword and Becket’s ‘crown’, the piece of bone severed in Brito’s assault. This study traces the emergence of these details in religious art of various kinds and sets the images on Jacques de Vitry’s mitre and its two companions in the general development of Becket iconography across Europe.
雅克·德·维特里(Jacques de Vitry)的刺绣英式冠冕是仅存的三顶描绘坎特伯雷圣托马斯殉难的主教冠冕之一，此外，它的特点是在大教堂谋杀案的描述中包含了意想不到的细节:贝克特的贴身帽子，理查德·布里托(Richard Brito)折断的剑的两个部分，以及贝克特的“王冠”，布里托袭击时切下的一块骨头。这项研究追溯了这些细节在各种宗教艺术中的出现，并将这些图像放在雅克·德·维特里的帽子上，以及它在整个欧洲贝克特肖像学总体发展中的两个同伴。
{"title":"Becket’s Cap and the Broken Sword. Jacques de Vitry’s English Mitre in Context","authors":"A. Duggan","doi":"10.1080/00681288.2020.1787631","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00681288.2020.1787631","url":null,"abstract":"Jacques de Vitry’s embroidered English mitre is one of only three surviving episcopal mitres which portray the martyrdom of St Thomas of Canterbury, and which, moreover, are characterised by the inclusion of unexpected details in the depiction of the murder in the cathedral: Becket’s close-fitting cap, both segments of Richard Brito’s broken sword and Becket’s ‘crown’, the piece of bone severed in Brito’s assault. This study traces the emergence of these details in religious art of various kinds and sets the images on Jacques de Vitry’s mitre and its two companions in the general development of Becket iconography across Europe.","PeriodicalId":42723,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the British Archaeological Association","volume":"173 1","pages":"3 - 25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00681288.2020.1787631","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47441119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-25DOI: 10.1080/00681288.2020.1784551
Rachel Koopmans
A close study of the gifts of Thomas Becket’s clothing made by the monks of Christ Church, Canterbury in the late 12th century elucidates the major role played by clothing relics in Becket’s early cult. Immediately after the martyrdom, the monks distributed some of Becket’s clothing to the poor, and it is argued here that this event is the subject of a stained glass panel in Canterbury Cathedral. Dommartin Abbey in the Pas-de-Calais claimed to have acquired a garment from this early distribution, as did a local priest in Kent. The monks hardly ever gave away entire garments again, but in later months and years they frequently handed out small pieces of clothing, such as fragments of Becket’s hairshirt, to high-ranking friends and acquaintances. These pieces of clothing were treasured in many locations far from Canterbury and were often connected to miracles and pilgrimages.
{"title":"Gifts of Thomas Becket’s Clothing Made by the Monks of Canterbury Cathedral","authors":"Rachel Koopmans","doi":"10.1080/00681288.2020.1784551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00681288.2020.1784551","url":null,"abstract":"A close study of the gifts of Thomas Becket’s clothing made by the monks of Christ Church, Canterbury in the late 12th century elucidates the major role played by clothing relics in Becket’s early cult. Immediately after the martyrdom, the monks distributed some of Becket’s clothing to the poor, and it is argued here that this event is the subject of a stained glass panel in Canterbury Cathedral. Dommartin Abbey in the Pas-de-Calais claimed to have acquired a garment from this early distribution, as did a local priest in Kent. The monks hardly ever gave away entire garments again, but in later months and years they frequently handed out small pieces of clothing, such as fragments of Becket’s hairshirt, to high-ranking friends and acquaintances. These pieces of clothing were treasured in many locations far from Canterbury and were often connected to miracles and pilgrimages.","PeriodicalId":42723,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the British Archaeological Association","volume":"173 1","pages":"39 - 60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00681288.2020.1784551","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45137262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：