Pub Date : 2025-02-18DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2025.132092
Yanli Zhao , Ziqi Cao , Yanxiang Liang , Zhichen Liang , Keyin Ling , Feiyan Zhou , Changsheng Guo , Yao Qian , Pengbi Liu , Xi Liu , Chunguang Wang , Mengchen Zhang , Qinglei Zhang
Membrane consisting of high-throughput aligned ion channels has been pursued for precise Li+/Mg2+ separation. Herein, an aligned amino-functionalized γ-cyclodextrin nanofiltration membrane was fabricated via a customized interfacial polymerization technique, where the orientation of cyclodextrin ion channels was elaborately tailored by controlling the reaction conditions. The as-fabricated membrane featured ultra-thin selective layer of ∼ 26 nm, average pore size of ∼ 0.72 nm, and ultra-stable positive surface charges. In particular, the aligned intrinsic cyclodextrin cavities in the membrane offered vertical shortcuts for preferential Li+ transport. Taking advantage of these, superior membrane permselectivity was achieved with the water permeance of 6.5 L·m−2·h−1·bar−1 and the Li+/Mg2+ separation factor up to 22.5, highlighting the great potentials in lithium extraction and other ion separations. Given its simplicity and generality, this customized interfacial polymerization strategy holds great promise for manipulating aligned transport channels in thin film composite membranes, thereby enhancing their performance in a wide range of applications including, but not limited to, desalination, water purification, resource extraction, and energy conversion.
{"title":"Aligned amino-functionalized γ-cyclodextrin nanofiltration membrane via customized interfacial polymerization for precise Li+/Mg2+ separation","authors":"Yanli Zhao , Ziqi Cao , Yanxiang Liang , Zhichen Liang , Keyin Ling , Feiyan Zhou , Changsheng Guo , Yao Qian , Pengbi Liu , Xi Liu , Chunguang Wang , Mengchen Zhang , Qinglei Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.132092","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.132092","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Membrane consisting of high-throughput aligned ion channels has been pursued for precise Li<sup>+</sup>/Mg<sup>2+</sup> separation. Herein, an aligned amino-functionalized γ-cyclodextrin nanofiltration membrane was fabricated <em>via</em> a customized interfacial polymerization technique, where the orientation of cyclodextrin ion channels was elaborately tailored by controlling the reaction conditions. The as-fabricated membrane featured ultra-thin selective layer of ∼ 26 nm, average pore size of ∼ 0.72 nm, and ultra-stable positive surface charges. In particular, the aligned intrinsic cyclodextrin cavities in the membrane offered vertical shortcuts for preferential Li<sup>+</sup> transport. Taking advantage of these, superior membrane permselectivity was achieved with the water permeance of 6.5 L·m<sup>−2</sup>·h<sup>−1</sup>·bar<sup>−1</sup> and the Li<sup>+</sup>/Mg<sup>2+</sup> separation factor up to 22.5, highlighting the great potentials in lithium extraction and other ion separations. Given its simplicity and generality, this customized interfacial polymerization strategy holds great promise for manipulating aligned transport channels in thin film composite membranes, thereby enhancing their performance in a wide range of applications including, but not limited to, desalination, water purification, resource extraction, and energy conversion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":427,"journal":{"name":"Separation and Purification Technology","volume":"363 ","pages":"Article 132092"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143451467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-18DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2025.132136
Hanyu Wang , Wenbo Li , Xinyu Zhang , Xiaolong Zhang , Xinhui Ding
This study introduces a novel thread magnetic matrix designed for high-gradient magnetic separation to address the beneficiation challenges associated with fine-grained wolframite. The impact of magnetic matrix parameters on the magnetic capture behavior of wolframite was thoroughly explored by combining experimental and theoretical calculations. The experimental results show that the arrangement of magnetic matrices, thread spacing, and magnetic matrix gap significantly influence the magnetic capture behavior of wolframite. Under optimized experimental conditions, the use of thread magnetic matrix significantly improved the recovery rate of wolframite across different particle sizes by 10 % ∼ 25 % compared to cylindrical magnetic matrix. Theoretical calculations indicate that the magnetic force acting on wolframite increases as the matrix gap and thread spacing decrease in the magnetic separation space. However, when the matrix gap and thread spacing become too small, the influence of slurry flow characteristics and interactions between adjacent threads on the magnetic separation behavior becomes more pronounced. Additionally, fine-grained wolframite experiences weaker magnetic forces and has a smaller capture radius, resulting in lower capture efficiency of the thread magnetic matrix for fine particles. This study establishes a theoretical foundation for enhancing the separation efficiency of fine-grained wolframite and promoting the advancement of high-gradient magnetic separation technology.
{"title":"Optimization of wolframite magnetic capture behavior through thread magnetic matrix","authors":"Hanyu Wang , Wenbo Li , Xinyu Zhang , Xiaolong Zhang , Xinhui Ding","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.132136","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.132136","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces a novel thread magnetic matrix designed for high-gradient magnetic separation to address the beneficiation challenges associated with fine-grained wolframite. The impact of magnetic matrix parameters on the magnetic capture behavior of wolframite was thoroughly explored by combining experimental and theoretical calculations. The experimental results show that the arrangement of magnetic matrices, thread spacing, and magnetic matrix gap significantly influence the magnetic capture behavior of wolframite. Under optimized experimental conditions, the use of thread magnetic matrix significantly improved the recovery rate of wolframite across different particle sizes by 10 % ∼ 25 % compared to cylindrical magnetic matrix. Theoretical calculations indicate that the magnetic force acting on wolframite increases as the matrix gap and thread spacing decrease in the magnetic separation space. However, when the matrix gap and thread spacing become too small, the influence of slurry flow characteristics and interactions between adjacent threads on the magnetic separation behavior becomes more pronounced. Additionally, fine-grained wolframite experiences weaker magnetic forces and has a smaller capture radius, resulting in lower capture efficiency of the thread magnetic matrix for fine particles. This study establishes a theoretical foundation for enhancing the separation efficiency of fine-grained wolframite and promoting the advancement of high-gradient magnetic separation technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":427,"journal":{"name":"Separation and Purification Technology","volume":"363 ","pages":"Article 132136"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143451468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-18DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2025.132114
Maria Zednikova , Petr Stanovsky , Sandra Orvalho
The prediction of the interfacial area and hence the size distribution of bubbles or droplets in dispersed multiphase systems is of key importance as these are fundamentals parameters used in the design of apparatus used in separation and purification technologies. This paper presents a simplified model for the evolution of the fluid particle shape (bubble or droplet) breaking in turbulent flow. The model assumes that the particle is initially deformed into a dumbbell shape. The time evolution of the particle shape is modelled by a set of Rayleigh-Plesset equations and the internal flow through the neck is included, assuming the inertial and viscous forces of the inner phase. The effect of the external flow is simulated by the initial deformation of the particle, the initial deformation rates and the Weber number, which characterises the ratio of the kinetic energy of the flow around the particle to the surface energy of the particle. The final daughter size distribution is obtained by applying random initial conditions, reflecting the random nature of turbulence. The results obtained from the model suggest that the size distribution of the daughter particles is strongly influenced by the ability of the inner phase to move between parts of the particle. In the case of bubbles, the gas moves easily resulting in a ∪-shaped bubble size distribution. Conversely, in the case of liquid droplets, the motion of the inner liquid is resisted by its higher inertia, resulting in a ∩-shaped droplet size distribution. Despite the simplified description of particle shape and deformation rates, the present model allows to physically capture and explain the differences in particle size distribution resulting from the binary breakup of bubbles and droplets in turbulent flows.
{"title":"Size distribution of daughter bubbles or drops resulting from binary breakup due to random initial deformation conditions","authors":"Maria Zednikova , Petr Stanovsky , Sandra Orvalho","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.132114","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.132114","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The prediction of the interfacial area and hence the size distribution of bubbles or droplets in dispersed multiphase systems is of key importance as these are fundamentals parameters used in the design of apparatus used in separation and purification technologies. This paper presents a simplified model for the evolution of the fluid particle shape (bubble or droplet) breaking in turbulent flow. The model assumes that the particle is initially deformed into a dumbbell shape. The time evolution of the particle shape is modelled by a set of Rayleigh-Plesset equations and the internal flow through the neck is included, assuming the inertial and viscous forces of the inner phase. The effect of the external flow is simulated by the initial deformation of the particle, the initial deformation rates and the Weber number, which characterises the ratio of the kinetic energy of the flow around the particle to the surface energy of the particle. The final daughter size distribution is obtained by applying random initial conditions, reflecting the random nature of turbulence. The results obtained from the model suggest that the size distribution of the daughter particles is strongly influenced by the ability of the inner phase to move between parts of the particle. In the case of bubbles, the gas moves easily resulting in a ∪-shaped bubble size distribution. Conversely, in the case of liquid droplets, the motion of the inner liquid is resisted by its higher inertia, resulting in a ∩-shaped droplet size distribution. Despite the simplified description of particle shape and deformation rates, the present model allows to physically capture and explain the differences in particle size distribution resulting from the binary breakup of bubbles and droplets in turbulent flows.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":427,"journal":{"name":"Separation and Purification Technology","volume":"363 ","pages":"Article 132114"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143451470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-18DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2025.132139
Alejandro Pérez-López, Carmen M. Domínguez, Aurora Santos, Salvador Cotillas
This work investigates for the first time the removal of polystyrene nanoplastics (NPs) from synthetic urban treated wastewater by electrochemical oxidation with Boron-Doped Diamond (BDD). The influence of current density (10–100 mA cm−2) and initial pollutant concentration (20–100 mg L-1) was evaluated. Additionally, the effect of the anode material on NPs removal was studied, employing Mixed Metal Oxide (MMO) anodes. The process efficiency was assessed through Total Organic Carbon (TOC) reduction and acute toxicity tests using the Aliivibrio fischeri luminescent bacterium. Results demonstrate that BDD anodes achieve mineralisation rates exceeding 90 % at current densities above 50 mA cm−2, whereas MMO anodes exhibit significantly lower degradation. Due to competing reactions, such as oxygen evolution, the process efficiency decreases at higher current densities with BDD anodes. NPs removal occurs primarily by a mediated oxidation process involving electrochemically generated oxidants. After treatment, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis reveals a progressive reduction in NPs size from 150 nm to 68 nm. Regarding toxicity analysis, acute toxicity can be eliminated by applying current densities above 50 mA cm−2, indicating that the generated by-products are non-toxic. These findings highlight the feasibility of electrochemical oxidation with BDD anodes for removing NPs from urban treated wastewater since the experimental conditions used in the previous literature often differ significantly from those in real wastewater. The study underscores its potential as a sustainable technology to mitigate the spread of these emerging pollutants into the environment.
{"title":"Removal of polystyrene nanoplastics from urban treated wastewater by electrochemical oxidation","authors":"Alejandro Pérez-López, Carmen M. Domínguez, Aurora Santos, Salvador Cotillas","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.132139","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.132139","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work investigates for the first time the removal of polystyrene nanoplastics (NPs) from synthetic urban treated wastewater by electrochemical oxidation with Boron-Doped Diamond (BDD). The influence of current density (10–100 mA cm<sup>−2</sup>) and initial pollutant concentration (20–100 mg L<sup>-1</sup>) was evaluated. Additionally, the effect of the anode material on NPs removal was studied, employing Mixed Metal Oxide (MMO) anodes. The process efficiency was assessed through Total Organic Carbon (TOC) reduction and acute toxicity tests using the <em>Aliivibrio fischeri</em> luminescent bacterium. Results demonstrate that BDD anodes achieve mineralisation rates exceeding 90 % at current densities above 50 mA cm<sup>−2</sup>, whereas MMO anodes exhibit significantly lower degradation. Due to competing reactions, such as oxygen evolution, the process efficiency decreases at higher current densities with BDD anodes. NPs removal occurs primarily by a mediated oxidation process involving electrochemically generated oxidants. After treatment, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis reveals a progressive reduction in NPs size from 150 nm to 68 nm. Regarding toxicity analysis, acute toxicity can be eliminated by applying current densities above 50 mA cm<sup>−2</sup>, indicating that the generated by-products are non-toxic. These findings highlight the feasibility of electrochemical oxidation with BDD anodes for removing NPs from urban treated wastewater since the experimental conditions used in the previous literature often differ significantly from those in real wastewater. The study underscores its potential as a sustainable technology to mitigate the spread of these emerging pollutants into the environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":427,"journal":{"name":"Separation and Purification Technology","volume":"363 ","pages":"Article 132139"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143451463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-18DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2025.132129
Jie Zhou , Xuyi Zhang , Bicheng Deng , Yabin Huang , Wangqiang Kuang , Xiaojuan Liu , Shengting Kuang , Zhaomin Hao , Wuping Liao
Precise recognition and deep removal of trace thorium from rare earths remains a significant challenge. Herein, we prepared a polycinnamic acid (PCA) resin by emulsion polymerization to achieve efficient separation of thorium from rare earths. The PCA resin leverages its specific pore size, steric hindrance and relatively large electronegativity of thorium to precisely recognize trace thorium ions in rare earth solutions. For instance, a separation factor of 4158 was achieved for Th/Lu at a Lu/Th molar ratio of 350. The resin also exhibited an exceptional adsorption capacity for Th(IV), reaching 405.2 mg/g at 328 K, surpassing most of the previously reported adsorbents. The adsorption process was determined by a combination of intra-particle diffusion and monolayer chemisorption, driven by entropy in a spontaneous endothermic reaction. Desorption of thorium from the loaded resin ions was effectively accomplished using H2SO4 solution at pH < 2. Additionally, the PCA resin exhibited excellent cycling and regeneration performance, maintaining stability under various acidic conditions and immersion durations. In practical applications, the PCA resin reduced the thorium concentration from 5.5 mg/L to 0.005 mg/L in simulated radioactive wastewater and from 0.56 mg/L to 0.007 mg/L in high-purity LuCl3 solution, with no measurable loss of rare earths. Characterization through FTIR, Raman and XPS analysis revealed that two oxygen atoms of the –COOH group are bidentate chelating coordination with thorium ions. Furthermore, density functional theory (DFT) calculations provided insights into the selective binding mechanism at the –COOH site, highlighting its role in the effective separation of thorium from rare earths.
{"title":"Enhancing the deep removal of trace thorium from rare earths using polycinamic acid resin","authors":"Jie Zhou , Xuyi Zhang , Bicheng Deng , Yabin Huang , Wangqiang Kuang , Xiaojuan Liu , Shengting Kuang , Zhaomin Hao , Wuping Liao","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.132129","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.132129","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Precise recognition and deep removal of trace thorium from rare earths remains a significant challenge. Herein, we prepared a polycinnamic acid (PCA) resin by emulsion polymerization to achieve efficient separation of thorium from rare earths. The PCA resin leverages its specific pore size, steric hindrance and relatively large electronegativity of thorium to precisely recognize trace thorium ions in rare earth solutions. For instance, a separation factor of 4158 was achieved for Th/Lu at a Lu/Th molar ratio of 350. The resin also exhibited an exceptional adsorption capacity for Th(IV), reaching 405.2 mg/g at 328 K, surpassing most of the previously reported adsorbents. The adsorption process was determined by a combination of intra-particle diffusion and monolayer chemisorption, driven by entropy in a spontaneous endothermic reaction. Desorption of thorium from the loaded resin ions was effectively accomplished using H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> solution at pH < 2. Additionally, the PCA resin exhibited excellent cycling and regeneration performance, maintaining stability under various acidic conditions and immersion durations. In practical applications, the PCA resin reduced the thorium concentration from 5.5 mg/L to 0.005 mg/L in simulated radioactive wastewater and from 0.56 mg/L to 0.007 mg/L in high-purity LuCl<sub>3</sub> solution, with no measurable loss of rare earths. Characterization through FTIR, Raman and XPS analysis revealed that two oxygen atoms of the –COOH group are bidentate chelating coordination with thorium ions. Furthermore, density functional theory (DFT) calculations provided insights into the selective binding mechanism at the –COOH site, highlighting its role in the effective separation of thorium from rare earths.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":427,"journal":{"name":"Separation and Purification Technology","volume":"363 ","pages":"Article 132129"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143451465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-18DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2025.132134
Yishi Yu , Jingjing Zhang , Yuxiao Guo , Yaoyang Liu , Bin Li , Jing Chen , Yin Wang , Chao Xu , Zhipeng Wang
Phenanthroline derived diamide ligand featured with N- and O-donors is one of promising extractants for the selective separation of trivalent actinides (An) over lanthanides (Ln). In the present work, three representative isopropyl (L1), 2,6-dimethylpiperidin-1-yl (L2) and morpholino (L3) grafting 2,9-diamide-1,10-phenanthroline (DAPhen) ligands were synthesized and the application in solvent extraction of trivalent americium (Am) and europium (Eu) in an ionic liquid (IL), C4mimNTf2, was probed. Slope analysis suggests the 2:1 ligand/metal complex as the dominant species in the case of extracting Am(III). While both 2:1 and 1:1 complexes are generated during the extraction of Eu(III). The relationships between molecular structures and extraction behaviors are elucidated involving electric and steric effects. Meanwhile, complexation studies in combination with absorption spectrophotometry, luminescence spectrophotometry, 1H NMR spectrometry and single crystal X-ray diffraction as well as theoretical analyses further elaborate the extraction mechanisms. This study uncovers more in-depth experimental insights into the design of more efficient DAPhen ligands for Am(III)/Ln(III) separation.
{"title":"Selective extraction and complexation of trivalent actinide and lanthanide by tetradentate N,O-Hybrid phenanthroline derived ligands","authors":"Yishi Yu , Jingjing Zhang , Yuxiao Guo , Yaoyang Liu , Bin Li , Jing Chen , Yin Wang , Chao Xu , Zhipeng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.132134","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.132134","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phenanthroline derived diamide ligand featured with N- and O-donors is one of promising extractants for the selective separation of trivalent actinides (An) over lanthanides (Ln). In the present work, three representative isopropyl (<strong>L<sub>1</sub></strong>), 2,6-dimethylpiperidin-1-yl (<strong>L<sub>2</sub></strong>) and morpholino (<strong>L<sub>3</sub></strong>) grafting 2,9-diamide-1,10-phenanthroline (DAPhen) ligands were synthesized and the application in solvent extraction of trivalent americium (Am) and europium (Eu) in an ionic liquid (IL), C<sub>4</sub>mimNTf<sub>2</sub>, was probed. Slope analysis suggests the 2:1 ligand/metal complex as the dominant species in the case of extracting Am(III). While both 2:1 and 1:1 complexes are generated during the extraction of Eu(III). The relationships between molecular structures and extraction behaviors are elucidated involving electric and steric effects. Meanwhile, complexation studies in combination with absorption spectrophotometry, luminescence spectrophotometry, <sup>1</sup>H NMR spectrometry and single crystal X-ray diffraction as well as theoretical analyses further elaborate the extraction mechanisms. This study uncovers more in-depth experimental insights into the design of more efficient DAPhen ligands for Am(III)/Ln(III) separation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":427,"journal":{"name":"Separation and Purification Technology","volume":"363 ","pages":"Article 132134"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143444950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-18DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2025.132140
Huining Zhang , Zhongyu Shi , Xingmao Liu , Baixiang Wang , Wenhui Niu , Wenrui Cai , Zhiguo Wu , Ying Zhu , Qi Guo , Hongyu Wang
Copper ions are common heavy metal ions that can cause significant impacts on the environment and human health, and their removal from water is a priority in public health and ecosystem protection policies. Therefore, in this paper, a graphene oxide (GO) macrosomal adsorbent DGSP-1 containing sodium alginate (SA) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) was prepared using 3D printing technology. The results showed that DGSP-1 retained its structure after 70 % deformation and was able to withstand a pressure of 95.95 MPa with good mechanical properties. Characterization results from various analytical techniques confirmed the successful preparation of the material, and oxygen-containing groups were found to be mainly involved in the adsorption. Quasi-secondary and Langmuir isothermal models can express the adsorption process, which is controlled by both monolayer adsorption and chemisorption. Desorption and regeneration tests showed that the prepared GO macrosomes had excellent adsorption capacity and convenient recovery properties. This study shows that DGSP-1 is a promising material for water purification with good mechanical properties and efficient Cu2+ removal.
{"title":"Insights into graphene oxide double-network macro-monothlic adsorbent through 3D printing: Mechanical properties and Cu2+ adsorption mechanism","authors":"Huining Zhang , Zhongyu Shi , Xingmao Liu , Baixiang Wang , Wenhui Niu , Wenrui Cai , Zhiguo Wu , Ying Zhu , Qi Guo , Hongyu Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.132140","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.132140","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Copper ions are common heavy metal ions that can cause significant impacts on the environment and human health, and their removal from water is a priority in public health and ecosystem protection policies. Therefore, in this paper, a graphene oxide (GO) macrosomal adsorbent DGSP-1 containing sodium alginate (SA) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) was prepared using 3D printing technology. The results showed that DGSP-1 retained its structure after 70 % deformation and was able to withstand a pressure of 95.95 MPa with good mechanical properties. Characterization results from various analytical techniques confirmed the successful preparation of the material, and oxygen-containing groups were found to be mainly involved in the adsorption. Quasi-secondary and Langmuir isothermal models can express the adsorption process, which is controlled by both monolayer adsorption and chemisorption. Desorption and regeneration tests showed that the prepared GO macrosomes had excellent adsorption capacity and convenient recovery properties. This study shows that DGSP-1 is a promising material for water purification with good mechanical properties and efficient Cu<sup>2+</sup> removal.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":427,"journal":{"name":"Separation and Purification Technology","volume":"363 ","pages":"Article 132140"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143452321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-18DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2025.132141
Qiang-Qiang Yang , Zhi-Han Ma , Qiang Zhang , Zi-Han Song , Hong-Xiang Nie , Jing-Jing Pang , Zhao-Quan Yao , Hongliang Huang , Min Feng , Tong-Liang Hu , Jian Xu
One-step adsorptive separation of high-purity ethylene (C2H4) from the mixtures with ethane (C2H6) or propylene (C3H6) is of crucial importance in the petrochemical industry. Nevertheless, the development of porous materials that possess both high adsorption capacities and selectivities of C2H6 and C3H6 over C2H4 is still a formidable challenge. Herein, we present a microporous pillar-layered metal–organic framework (MOF) that exhibits excellent uptake capacities of C2H6 (4.73 mmol g−1) and C3H6 (8.05 mmol g−1) at 298 K and 1 bar, leading to high adsorption selectivities for equimolar mixtures of C2H6/C2H4 (1.6) and C3H6/C2H4 (16.4), respectively. Breakthrough column experiments demonstrate that the MOF could achieve one-step acquisition of polymer-grade C2H4 (> 99.9 %) during C2H6/C2H4 and C3H6/C2H4 separations. Noteworthily, for a C3H6/C2H4 mixture (2/5, v/v), high-purity C2H4 (> 99.9 %) and C3H6 (> 99.5 %) can be directly harvested or recovered upon desorption, with high productivities of 86.23 and 31.05 L kg−1, respectively, surpassing many well-developed adsorbents for C3H6/C2H4 separation. Theoretical calculations reveal that the nonpolar pore surface bearing accessible N and O atoms affords more hydrogen bonding interactions with C2H6 and C3H6 than C2H4, accounting for the adsorption affinity in the order of C3H6 > C2H6 > C2H4. This work may offer valuable insights into the design and construction of high-performance MOFs for one-step C2H4 purification.
{"title":"A pillar-layered MOF bearing N/O sites for one-step purification of C2H4 from the mixtures with C2H6 or C3H6","authors":"Qiang-Qiang Yang , Zhi-Han Ma , Qiang Zhang , Zi-Han Song , Hong-Xiang Nie , Jing-Jing Pang , Zhao-Quan Yao , Hongliang Huang , Min Feng , Tong-Liang Hu , Jian Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.132141","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.132141","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>One-step adsorptive separation of high-purity ethylene (C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub>) from the mixtures with ethane (C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>6</sub>) or propylene (C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub>) is of crucial importance in the petrochemical industry. Nevertheless, the development of porous materials that possess both high adsorption capacities and selectivities of C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>6</sub> and C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub> over C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub> is still a formidable challenge. Herein, we present a microporous pillar-layered metal–organic framework (MOF) that exhibits excellent uptake capacities of C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>6</sub> (4.73 mmol g<sup>−1</sup>) and C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub> (8.05 mmol g<sup>−1</sup>) at 298 K and 1 bar, leading to high adsorption selectivities for equimolar mixtures of C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>6</sub>/C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub> (1.6) and C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub>/C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub> (16.4), respectively. Breakthrough column experiments demonstrate that the MOF could achieve one-step acquisition of polymer-grade C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub> (> 99.9 %) during C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>6</sub>/C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub> and C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub>/C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub> separations. Noteworthily, for a C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub>/C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub> mixture (2/5, <em>v</em>/<em>v</em>), high-purity C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub> (> 99.9 %) and C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub> (> 99.5 %) can be directly harvested or recovered upon desorption, with high productivities of 86.23 and 31.05 L kg<sup>−1</sup>, respectively, surpassing many well-developed adsorbents for C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub>/C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub> separation. Theoretical calculations reveal that the nonpolar pore surface bearing accessible N and O atoms affords more hydrogen bonding interactions with C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>6</sub> and C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub> than C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub>, accounting for the adsorption affinity in the order of C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub> > C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>6</sub> > C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub>. This work may offer valuable insights into the design and construction of high-performance MOFs for one-step C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub> purification.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":427,"journal":{"name":"Separation and Purification Technology","volume":"363 ","pages":"Article 132141"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143435694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-18DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2025.132135
Ruobin Fan , Ruizhuo Liu , Zhongwei Zhao , Yongli Li , Dongfu Liu , Dongmei Wang , Shuaiguang Jia
Rhenium, a strategically critical and highly scarce metal, is typically recovered as a byproduct of molybdenum smelting owing to its limited global reserves. During the oxidative roasting process of molybdenum concentrates, rhenium is primarily distributed in the flue gas scrubbing solution, dust, and molybdenum calcine. However, the high molybdenum content in the calcine, which significantly exceeds that of rhenium, hinders rhenium extraction. The low efficiency of rhenium separation and recovery from molybdenum-containing calcine has long prevented the effective utilization of rhenium-containing molybdenum resources. This article proposes an efficient and eco-friendly hydrometallurgical rhenium-recovery process, involving critical steps, including mixed H2SO4/H3PO4 leaching and cationic extraction of molybdenum, followed by the cyclic enrichment, anionic extraction, and sodium thiocyanate stripping of rhenium. This methodology facilitates the efficient extraction of rhenium from molybdenum calcine, and the leaching rates of molybdenum and rhenium reach 98 % under optimized conditions. Subsequently, molybdenum was selectively extracted from lixivium using P204, achieving the initial effective separation of molybdenum and rhenium. Thereafter, the P204 raffinate was subjected to cyclic leaching, significantly enriching the rhenium concentration in the raffinate to 42.13 mg/L after seven cycles. Finally, rhenium was selectively extracted from the enriched raffinate using an N263-2-octanol system. Then, the rhenium loaded on N263 was stripped using sodium thiocyanate, achieving the secondary separation of molybdenum and rhenium, with efficient rhenium recovery. This process, characterized by seamless integration and efficient operation, significantly enhances the rhenium extraction efficiency, opening a new avenue for the efficient utilization of rhenium-containing molybdenum calcine.
{"title":"Hydrometallurgical separation of Mo and Re from Rhenium-Containing molybdenum calcine for efficient rhenium recovery","authors":"Ruobin Fan , Ruizhuo Liu , Zhongwei Zhao , Yongli Li , Dongfu Liu , Dongmei Wang , Shuaiguang Jia","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.132135","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.132135","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rhenium, a strategically critical and highly scarce metal, is typically recovered as a byproduct of molybdenum smelting owing to its limited global reserves. During the oxidative roasting process of molybdenum concentrates, rhenium is primarily distributed in the flue gas scrubbing solution, dust, and molybdenum calcine. However, the high molybdenum content in the calcine, which significantly exceeds that of rhenium, hinders rhenium extraction. The low efficiency of rhenium separation and recovery from molybdenum-containing calcine has long prevented the effective utilization of rhenium-containing molybdenum resources. This article proposes an efficient and eco-friendly hydrometallurgical rhenium-recovery process, involving critical steps, including mixed H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>/H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> leaching and cationic extraction of molybdenum, followed by the cyclic enrichment, anionic extraction, and sodium thiocyanate stripping of rhenium. This methodology facilitates the efficient extraction of rhenium from molybdenum calcine, and the leaching rates of molybdenum and rhenium reach 98 % under optimized conditions. Subsequently, molybdenum was selectively extracted from lixivium using P204, achieving the initial effective separation of molybdenum and rhenium. Thereafter, the P204 raffinate was subjected to cyclic leaching, significantly enriching the rhenium concentration in the raffinate to 42.13 mg/L after seven cycles. Finally, rhenium was selectively extracted from the enriched raffinate using an N263-2-octanol system. Then, the rhenium loaded on N263 was stripped using sodium thiocyanate, achieving the secondary separation of molybdenum and rhenium, with efficient rhenium recovery. This process, characterized by seamless integration and efficient operation, significantly enhances the rhenium extraction efficiency, opening a new avenue for the efficient utilization of rhenium-containing molybdenum calcine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":427,"journal":{"name":"Separation and Purification Technology","volume":"363 ","pages":"Article 132135"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143435528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Formaldehyde (FA) is a carcinogenic pollutant in industrial wastewater that requires removal prior to environmental discharge, often alongside biodegradable methanol (MeOH). The present study investigates the removal efficiency of FA and MeOH using innovative sequencing batch reactors (SBR), specifically the moving bed (MBSBR) and the fixed bed (FBSBR) systems, which acclimated petrochemical sludge. Analytical methods included colorimetric measurements and gas chromatography, while Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) were used for experimental design and modeling. The FBSBR achieved superior removal efficiencies of 99 % for FA, 99.5 % for MeOH, and 98.7 % for COD within nine days, compared to 15 days for MBSBR. The research showed that lower pollutant concentrations improved removal efficiencies, with ANOVA confirming the reliability of RSM model. The high F values (ranging from 68.95 to 229.93) and the very low p-value (<0.0001) of the quadratic equations showed that the proposed RSM model was highly reliable for FA, MeOH, and COD removal. The modified Stover-Kincannon model showed that the maximum specific growth rate (Umax) and half-saturation constant (K B) for FA biodegradation were 70.9 g/L·d and 71 g/L·d in the MBSBR, and 76.9 g/L·d and 76.8 g/L·d in the FBSBR, respectively. Given the high efficiency of these bioreactors, it is recommended to use them to remove FA and other xenobiotic pollutants. The ANN model outperformed RSM in predictive accuracy, suggesting its use in real-time monitoring to enhance wastewater treatment efficiency.
{"title":"Comparison of response surface method and artificial neural networks in predicting formaldehyde and methanol removal using moving bed sequential batch reactor (MBSBR) and Fixed bed sequential batch reactor (FBSBR): Process optimization and kinetic study","authors":"Sakine Shekoohiyan , Fatemeh Shokri Dariyan , Mostafa Mahdavianpour , Mojtaba Pourakbar , Ehsan Aghayani","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.132097","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.132097","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Formaldehyde (FA) is a carcinogenic pollutant in industrial wastewater that requires removal prior to environmental discharge, often alongside biodegradable methanol (MeOH). The present study investigates the removal efficiency of FA and MeOH using innovative sequencing batch reactors (SBR), specifically the moving bed (MBSBR) and the fixed bed (FBSBR) systems, which acclimated petrochemical sludge. Analytical methods included colorimetric measurements and gas chromatography, while Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) were used for experimental design and modeling. The FBSBR achieved superior removal efficiencies of 99 % for FA, 99.5 % for MeOH, and 98.7 % for COD within nine days, compared to 15 days for MBSBR. The research showed that lower pollutant concentrations improved removal efficiencies, with ANOVA confirming the reliability of RSM model. The high F values (ranging from 68.95 to 229.93) and the very low p-value (<0.0001) of the quadratic equations showed that the proposed RSM model was highly reliable for FA, MeOH, and COD removal. The modified Stover-Kincannon model showed that the maximum specific growth rate (U<sub>max</sub>) and half-saturation constant (K B) for FA biodegradation were 70.9 g/L·d and 71 g/L·d in the MBSBR, and 76.9 g/L·d and 76.8 g/L·d in the FBSBR, respectively. Given the high efficiency of these bioreactors, it is recommended to use them to remove FA and other xenobiotic pollutants. The ANN model outperformed RSM in predictive accuracy, suggesting its use in real-time monitoring to enhance wastewater treatment efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":427,"journal":{"name":"Separation and Purification Technology","volume":"363 ","pages":"Article 132097"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143427267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号