Separation and Purification Technology最新文献

{"title":"AuNPs-decorated Cl-doped In2O3 nanoparticles for enhanced photocatalytic degradation of carbamate pesticide and chlorinated herbicide","authors":"Yanyan Dong ,&nbsp;Yirong Hu ,&nbsp;Jinghua Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.133083","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.133083","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The widespread use of agrochemicals like carbaryl and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) has led to severe environmental contamination and health risks, necessitating efficient remediation strategies. While semiconductor photocatalysis offers promise for pollutant degradation, conventional In₂O₃-based systems suffer from limited visible-light absorption and rapid charge recombination. This study addresses these challenges by developing a dual-functional Au nanoparticles (Au_NPs)-modified, Cl-doped In₂O₃ nanocomposite for enhanced photocatalytic degradation of carbaryl and 2,4-D. The synergistic integration of Cl doping and Au_NPs decoration leverages halogen-induced band structure modulation and plasmonic effects to improve light harvesting, charge separation, and redox activity. Systematic evaluations demonstrate superior degradation efficiency, practical applicability, recyclability, and mechanistic insights into the photocatalytic process. This work advances In₂O₃-based photocatalysis and provides a strategic framework for designing high-performance semiconductor catalysts for environmental remediation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":427,"journal":{"name":"Separation and Purification Technology","volume":"369 ","pages":"Article 133083"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143846559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel deep eutectic solvent systems for selective transition metal recovery and sustainable battery recycling","authors":"Yun-Hsien Chung ,&nbsp;PratimaDevi Sivasubramanian ,&nbsp;Ching-Lung Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.133098","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.133098","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Transition metals have similar physicochemical properties and a complex composition, making their selective extraction from lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) highly challenging. In this work, a unique method for effectively recovering nickel, cobalt, and manganese (NCM111) from the LIB cathodes using deep eutectic solvents is presented. Decreased utilization of reagents and optimized interactions of ligand helps in specific dissolution of metals, which is facilitated by the DES, that acts as a green solvent. In order to achieve high-purity recovery of nickel (90%), cobalt (98%), and manganese (100%), we implemented a simultaneous leaching and separation method by adjusting the coordination environments of metal ions. Through precise temperature modulation and regulated ligand interactions, our methodology improves extraction efficiency and reduces contaminant incorporation while increasing selectivity when compared to traditional acid leaching procedures. The results obtained show that ligand-assisted leaching enhances metal separation while reducing reagent usage, which makes the procedure more environmentally friendly. In order to enhance recovery efficiency, the study also optimizes important leaching factors, such as temperature, solvent composition, and metal–ligand interactions. This study targets substantial problems in metal recovery and advances the development of sustainable battery recycling solutions by providing an efficient and eco-friendly alternative for traditional recycling methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":427,"journal":{"name":"Separation and Purification Technology","volume":"368 ","pages":"Article 133098"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143847813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic effect of calcite plugging and mixed collectors on carbon-ash separation and enhanced carbon recovery from coal gasification slag","authors":"Shihai Guo, Jingfeng He, Yuhao Liu, Bin Yang, Xinyao Wang, Hailong Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.133108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2025.133108","url":null,"abstract":"Coal gasification slag (CGS) is considered as a potential fuel due to its high carbon content, but the high ash content limits its fuel application. Separation of carbon and ash fractions is the key to efficient utilization of CGS. However, the traditional carbon flotation process suffers from high dosages of collectors, low separation efficiency, and low recovery rate due to the enriched pore structure of carbon. The study recommended the use of kerosene-sodium oleate (NaOL) as combined collector and calcite as a pore-plugging medium to improve the flotation recovery of carbon in CGS. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that calcite, acting as a plugging medium, successfully entered and plugged the carbon pores. Flotation results indicated that the method could reduce reagent consumption by 75 % while achieving the same recovery. The contact angle test revealed that the kerosene-NaOL treatment increased the carbon-calcite contact angle from 57.75° to 95.25°, while the zeta potential shifted from 3.35 mV to −7.50 mV. In contrast, the contact angle and zeta potential of the ash were almost unchanged. This indicated that kerosene-NaOL was selectively adsorbed onto carbon-calcite. Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) results further confirmed that kerosene-NaOL was adsorbed on the carbon surface though –COOH groups. Moreover, calcite could not only save reagents by plugging pores, but also enhance the NaOL adsorption by forming COOCa bonds with NaOL. Simultaneously, kerosene could also facilitate the adsorption of NaOL on the calcite surface, thus improving the overall flotation efficiency. Calculations based on the E-DLVO theory revealed that kerosene-NaOL treatment could significantly improve the adhesion between carbon-calcite and bubbles.","PeriodicalId":427,"journal":{"name":"Separation and Purification Technology","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143846565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation of organic solvent-resistant nanofiltration membranes through copper sulfate (CuSO4)/hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) oxidation triggered polydopamine (PDA)/polyethyleneimine (PEI) deposition interlayer","authors":"Henan Peng ,&nbsp;Fengqin Hong ,&nbsp;Pan Chen ,&nbsp;Chunhai Chen ,&nbsp;Daming Wang ,&nbsp;Hongwei Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.133090","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.133090","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, a novel organic solvent-resistant nanofiltration membrane was prepared on a polyimide ultrafiltration base membrane using a copper sulfate (CuSO₄)/hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) oxidation triggered polydopamine (PDA)/polyethyleneimine (PEI) deposition interlayer. The PDA/PEI interlayer exhibits strong adhesion with base membrane, effectively connecting the ultrafiltration base membrane to the polyamide active layer, thus enhancing the solvent resistance of the nanofiltration membrane. The CuSO₄/H₂O₂ catalyst significantly reduces the deposition time of PDA/PEI on polyimide base membrane. Additionally, copper (II) ions (Cu²⁺) can form complexes with the amino groups (NH₂) of the aqueous phase monomer m-phenylenediamine (MPD), thereby slowing the diffusion rate of MPD into the organic phase. The interlayer contains a significant number of hydroxyl and amino groups, which can engage in hydrogen bonding interactions with MPD, thereby further regulating the reaction rate. The resulting nanofiltration membranes exhibit excellent hydrophilicity, as demonstrated by their minimal water contact angle, and are capable of positively influencing the permeance of polar solvents. Notably, the nanofiltration membrane prepared with a deposition time of 15 min and a CuSO₄ concentration of 45 mmol/L exhibited optimal performance, achieving a methanol permeance of 16.20 L m^-2h⁻¹ bar⁻¹ and Rhodamine B dye rejection rate of 96.9 %. The permeance of different solvents was determined to rely on the inherent characteristics of those solvents. Furthermore, the membrane maintained good separation performance after being immersed in N, N-dimethylformamide at 80 °C for 6 days. This method offers a novel perspective for the development of nanofiltration membranes that are resistant to organic solvents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":427,"journal":{"name":"Separation and Purification Technology","volume":"369 ","pages":"Article 133090"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143846689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tri-dimensional porous cattails carbon fiber/MoS2 composite aerogel for desalination and oil–water emulsion purification","authors":"Jiehui Li ,&nbsp;Qinghua Liu ,&nbsp;Ying Zhang ,&nbsp;Leihuan Mu ,&nbsp;Hui Liu ,&nbsp;Ruizhe Zhang ,&nbsp;Xuedan Zhu ,&nbsp;Cai-Li Sun ,&nbsp;Jinmei He ,&nbsp;Mengnan Qu","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.133113","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.133113","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Solar-driven interfacial evaporation technology presents a novel strategy for tackling water shortage challenges. Nevertheless, the evaporation efficiency and long-term stability of solar interfacial evaporation materials remain critical challenges in advancing their application in desalination and wastewater treatment. In response, this research unveils an innovative aerogel-based interfacial evaporation material. This material cleverly integrates the broadband light absorption characteristics of cattail carbon fibers (CCF) and MoS₂, thereby facilitating highly efficient photothermal conversion. Additionally, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and chitosan (CS) serve as the structural backbone. By introducing aminopropyl trimethoxysilane (APTES) and hydroxyapatite (HAP), and employing a straightforward chemical and ionic crosslinking process, a composite aerogel with three-dimensional porous characteristics and superhydrophilicity was successfully fabricated. Under simulated one-sun intensity illumination (1 kW/m²), this aerogel exhibited exceptional evaporation rates (2.065 kg m^-2h⁻¹) and efficiency (99.54 %), surpassing the performance of some previously reported aerogel-based interfacial evaporation materials. Notably, during consecutive 20-cycle evaporation tests in 3.5 wt% saline water, the material maintained stable evaporation performance without any observable salt deposition on its surface. This advantage stems from its unique porous structure and superhydrophilicity, ensuring sufficient water supply during evaporation to dissolve and remove salts effectively. Furthermore, the aerogel demonstrates exceptional underwater superoleophobicity, exhibiting significant potential for the purification of oil-in-water emulsions. In summary, this 3D porous composite aerogel interfacial evaporation material offers a promising new approach for desalination and water purification.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":427,"journal":{"name":"Separation and Purification Technology","volume":"369 ","pages":"Article 133113"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143849535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chitosan-loaded coconut fiber for highly-enhanced heavy metal adsorption from wastewater","authors":"Xiaohong Yang ,&nbsp;Lin Chen ,&nbsp;Guangyu He ,&nbsp;Mingjin Yang ,&nbsp;Shengbo Geng ,&nbsp;Ye Sun ,&nbsp;Xueliang Feng ,&nbsp;Chunxin Ma ,&nbsp;Qingrong Wei ,&nbsp;Hongliang Zhao ,&nbsp;Shaohua Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.133105","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.133105","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heavy metal adsorbents are critical for wastewater treatment, but they commonly have relatively low-efficient adsorption, high cost and short using-time. Herein, a new adsorbent has been explored for high-enhanced heavy metal adsorption through loading chitosan onto surface of carboxylated coconut fiber. This chitosan-loaded coconut fiber (CLCF) can be achieved by simply surface-modifying the carboxylated coconut fiber within acid chitosan aqueous solution based on the supramolecular interaction mainly including the hydrogen bond between the carboxyl group (–COOH) on coconut fiber and the amino group (–NH₂) of chitosan. First of all, thanks to super-hydrophilicity and high specific surface area of the coconut fiber, the chitosan on the CLCF can expose more coordination sites for highly-enhanced adsorption. Furthermore, owing to high-strength of the CLCF (100 ± 10 MPa of tensile strength), this adsorbent can be repeatedly utilized for many times during a relatively long term. Last but not least, because both of chitosan and coconut fiber are renewably and biodegradable natural bio-materials, this work can also maximumly protect environment and reduce cost. Consequently, this CLCF can efficiently adsorb various heavy metal ions including Cu²⁺, Pb²⁺, Cr³⁺, Ni²⁺ and Cd²⁺ reaching 19.1 ± 0.41, 9.9 ± 0.27, 8.1 ± 0.31, 11.3 ± 0.29, 15.8 ± 0.37 mg/g of equilibrium-adsorption-capacity within 2 ppm of each heavy metal solution respectively. This work provides a promising high-efficient adsorbent with degradability and renewability for wastewater treatment, which can also inspire new strategy for exploring eco-friendly heavy metal adsorbents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":427,"journal":{"name":"Separation and Purification Technology","volume":"368 ","pages":"Article 133105"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143847373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathways and mechanism of (NH4)2Me(SO4)2 formation during the process of (NH4)2S sulfide removal of Ni, Co, and Zn in MnSO4 electrolyte","authors":"Panpan Mu, Xiaoguang Zhang, Gang Fang, Guosai Jiang, Zhe Tan, Haile Yan, De’an Pan","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.133028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2025.133028","url":null,"abstract":"In the process of removing Ni, Co, and Zn from manganese sulfate electrolyte solution, the metal sulfides produced are mixed with ammonium metal sulfate. The reasons and roles behind the formation of ammonium metal sulfate are not fully understood, and this study explores this aspect. Experimental verification, density functional theory (DFT) calculations, and molecular dynamics simulations reveal that NH₄⁺ and SO₄^2- exhibit a stronger binding affinity to low-concentration metal ions compared to S^2-, which is crucial for the formation of ammonium metal sulfate. Furthermore, the formation order of ammonium metal sulfate is Zn, Ni, Co, and Mn. In the process of sulfurization and impurity removal of manganese sulfate electrolyte solution, the formation of ammonium metal sulfate is conducive to the removal of Ni, Co, and Zn impurities, which helps to purify the manganese electrolyte and increases the manganese impurity ratio from 48.51 to 75.05. This study clarifies the phase transition characteristics during the impurity removal process of manganese sulfate electrolyte, reveals the formation pathway and practical application of the metal ammonium sulfate mixture, and provides an optimized approach for sulfurization-based heavy metal removal.","PeriodicalId":427,"journal":{"name":"Separation and Purification Technology","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143849533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-assembled supramolecular/Fe-MOF functionalized nanofibrous membrane with switchable superwettability and photo-Fenton activity for on-demand oily wastewater treatment","authors":"Jianan Qu, Jinjuan Xue, Zhenbo Wu, Ting Wu, Kaiwen Huang, Mingxin Wang, Shuaishuai Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.133092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2025.133092","url":null,"abstract":"Electrospinning fiber membranes have been developed for oily wastewater treatment, yet challenges such as membrane fouling, dull wettability and single functionality hinder their widespread application. Herein, a novel mixed matrix nanofibrous membrane was fabricated by blending self-assembled 3, 4, 9, 10-Perylenetetracarboxylic diimide/NH₂-MIL-101(Fe) (SA-PDINH/NMIL(Fe)) heterojunction photocatalyst into polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers using co-electrospinning technique. The resulting SA-PDINH/NMIL(Fe)@PAN membrane exhibited unique wettability of in-air superamphiphilicity and under-liquid dual superlyophobicity, which can be switched between under-oil superhydrophobicity and under-water superoleophobicity through a simple pre-wetting strategy. The membrane demonstrated excellent on-demand separation capabilities for both oil-in-water and water-in-oil emulsions, achieving superior permeation flux (typically 1920 and 1200 L m⁻² h⁻¹ for toluene-in-water and water-in-toluene, respectively) and separation efficiency (above 99 %) under gravity-driven conditions alone. Furthermore, SA-PDINH/NMIL(Fe)@PAN membrane can effectively remove water-insoluble high-viscosity crude oil fouling from the membrane surface and degrade water-soluble organic pollutants via photo-Fenton reactions, and also exhibited photocatalytic antibacterial property. Additionally, the resultant SA-PDINH/NMIL(Fe)@PAN possessed enhanced oil/water separation performance and photo-Fenton catalytic activity compared to bare NMIL(Fe) modified PAN membrane, which due to the incorporation of self-assembled supramolecular improved the wettability and promote photogenerated charge separation. The enhanced generation of reactive species (^{<img alt=\"radical dot\" src=\"https://sdfestaticassets-us-east-1.sciencedirectassets.com/shared-assets/55/entities/rad.gif\" style=\"vertical-align:middle\"/>}O₂⁻, ^{<img alt=\"radical dot\" src=\"https://sdfestaticassets-us-east-1.sciencedirectassets.com/shared-assets/55/entities/rad.gif\" style=\"vertical-align:middle\"/>}OH and ¹O₂) in SA-PDINH/NMIL(Fe) photo-Fenton-like system through multiple pathways was confirmed. Besides, the band structure and charge transfer of SA-PDINH/NMIL(Fe) heterojunction as well as the photo-Fenton mechanism were investigated. This work provides new insights into the fabrication of Fe-MOF-based nanofibrous membranes with external stimuli-free switchable superwettability and photo-Fenton functionality for versatile applications in wastewater separation and purification.","PeriodicalId":427,"journal":{"name":"Separation and Purification Technology","volume":"653 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143846517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chelating packed bed adsorption column for selective trace metal recovery from seawater and brine","authors":"Jamaliah Aburabie,&nbsp;Shabin Mohammed,&nbsp;Raed Hashaikeh","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.133112","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.133112","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we developed a chelating polymer, polythiosemicarbazide (PTSC), which was processed into a powder form to enhance surface area and subsequently packed into a column for adsorption experiments targeting various transition metals such as Ni, Zn, Cu, Ag, Mo, V, and Co. A series of controlled experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of concentration, flow rate, and pH on the polymer’s adsorption performance. The study progressed from synthetic solutions to simulated seawater, actual seawater, and finally seawater brine, after pretreating the seawater via reverse osmosis (RO). Characterization of the polymer was performed using NMR and FTIR to confirm the functional groups, while BET analysis determined the surface area. Breakthrough curves were generated to study the adsorption dynamics. The results demonstrated that the PTSC polymer achieved over 98 % recovery of silver at low concentrations (1 ppm) and 20 % recovery of copper under low pH conditions. Zinc recovery improved from 0 % at low pH to 68 % at alkaline pH, and copper recovery reached 99 % at a low concentration (0.1 ppm) and alkaline pH, compared to 20 % recovery at low pH (1 ppm, 5 ml/min). Zinc recovery also reached 98.7 % under alkaline conditions at a flow rate of 2 ml/min. Seawater adsorption experiments yielded 0.0012 mg of silver collected per liter processed, while seawater brine resulted in the recovery of 0.003 mg of silver per liter. Additionally, the adsorption column was effectively regenerated using 0.1 M thiourea, allowing for the reuse and recycling of the column, which is crucial for large-scale applications. These findings highlight the potential of the PTSC polymer for effective trace metal recovery and demonstrate its value in brine management, offering a sustainable approach to extract valuable metals while addressing environmental challenges associated with brine disposal.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":427,"journal":{"name":"Separation and Purification Technology","volume":"369 ","pages":"Article 133112"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143849531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of selective recovery of fine cassiterite from copper/zinc tailings: Comprehensive utilization of tailings resources","authors":"Weiming Wu ,&nbsp;Feng Zhang ,&nbsp;Sen Li ,&nbsp;Leming Ou","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.133103","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.133103","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In practical production, cassiterite flotation is typically conducted at the end of the mineral processing circuit, resulting in significant losses of fine-grained cassiterite to tailings, which not only wastes valuable resources but also poses environmental risks. This study aims to selectively recover fine cassiterite from copper/zinc tailings (CZT) using <em>tert</em>-butyl benzohydroxamic acid (TBHA) as a novel collector. Bench-scale flotation tests demonstrated that TBHA significantly outperformed conventional benzohydroxamic acid (BHA). At a collector dosage of 600 g/t, TBHA increased the tin grade from 0.81 % to 1.62 % and the recovery from 40.2 % to 49.8 %. The addition of zinc sulfate (600 g/t) further enhanced selectivity, raising the tin grade to 1.87 % and recovery to 65.8 %. Mechanistic studies, including adsorption measurements, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, revealed that Zn²⁺ facilitated the adsorption of TBHA on the cassiterite surface by forming a stable five-membered chelate ring, rendering the (110) surface hydrophobic. These findings highlight the synergistic role of TBHA and Zn²⁺ in cassiterite flotation, offering a promising approach for the efficient recovery of fine cassiterite from tailings and contributing to the sustainable utilization of mineral resources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":427,"journal":{"name":"Separation and Purification Technology","volume":"368 ","pages":"Article 133103"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143846521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}