Catalytic ozonation, a promising advanced oxidation process (AOP), leverages catalysts to activate ozone (O3) into highly reactive oxygen species (ROS) like hydroxyl (HO•) and superoxide radicals (O2•-). These potent oxidants effectively degrade refractory organic pollutants in wastewater. Nevertheless, the presence of complex coexisting ions and organic compounds in real wastewater can significantly hinder the removal efficiency of target pollutants during catalytic ozonation. Consequently, a thorough understanding of how coexisting ions and organics influence the catalytic ozonation process is crucial for optimizing its effectiveness in wastewater treatment. This review delves into the degradation pathways of emerging contaminants (ECs) during catalytic ozonation, considering the influence of these coexisting components. By analyzing interfacial reactions involving catalysts, O3, and coexisting components, this review aims to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and propose strategies to optimize the performance of catalytic ozonation for real wastewater treatment.
{"title":"Impact of coexisting components on the catalytic ozonation of emerging contaminants in wastewater","authors":"Miaomiao Tian, Jingjing Chang, Junxiang Ding, Yue Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.131847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2025.131847","url":null,"abstract":"Catalytic ozonation, a promising advanced oxidation process (AOP), leverages catalysts to activate ozone (O<sub>3</sub>) into highly reactive oxygen species (ROS) like hydroxyl (HO<sup>•</sup>) and superoxide radicals (O<sub>2</sub><sup>•-</sup>). These potent oxidants effectively degrade refractory organic pollutants in wastewater. Nevertheless, the presence of complex coexisting ions and organic compounds in real wastewater can significantly hinder the removal efficiency of target pollutants during catalytic ozonation. Consequently, a thorough understanding of how coexisting ions and organics influence the catalytic ozonation process is crucial for optimizing its effectiveness in wastewater treatment. This review delves into the degradation pathways of emerging contaminants (ECs) during catalytic ozonation, considering the influence of these coexisting components. By analyzing interfacial reactions involving catalysts, O<sub>3</sub>, and coexisting components, this review aims to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and propose strategies to optimize the performance of catalytic ozonation for real wastewater treatment.","PeriodicalId":427,"journal":{"name":"Separation and Purification Technology","volume":"117 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143050261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The separation of water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions is crucial for addressing resource shortages and environmental protection. Superoleophilic/superhydrophobic materials, owing to their selective wettability, can effectively separate W/O emulsions by low-viscosity oils. However, when dealing with viscous water-in-oil emulsions from oils with high viscosity, challenges such as severe oil adhesion and pore blockage significantly hinder separation performance. In this study, a superhydrophobic/oleophobic sponge was fabricated by introducing “ rod-dot ” Co3O4 nanoparticles onto the sponge’s inner surfaces, followed by fluorination modification. For emulsions prepared with low-viscosity oils (ηO < 1 mPa·s), the sponge achieved a separation efficiency of over 98 % with a permeation flux exceeding 10,000 L·m–2·h–1. Under an applied pressure of 5000 Pa, after continuously treating 400 mL of emulsion, the fluxes for water-in-vegetable oil emulsions (ηV = 59 mPa·s) and water-in-lubricating oil emulsions (ηL = 65 mPa·s) remained above 1207 L·m–2·h–1, with separation efficiencies of 99.49 % and 99.82 %, respectively. These results demonstrate the sponge’s high-efficiency and durable separation performance for water-in-oil emulsions by high-viscosity oils. The superior performance is attributed to the inherent oleophobicity of the material, which suppresses the formation of boundary layers and maintains unobstructed pore channels. This study offers a novel approach for the efficient and durable separation of viscous W/O emulsions, with significant potential in waste oil recovery and fuel purification.
{"title":"Continuous and high flux demulsification of viscous water-in-oil emulsions by superhydrophobic/oleophobic sponges","authors":"Xuekai Jin, Yunjia Wang, Yunpeng Zhang, Zehao Chen, Shouping Xu, Jiang Cheng, Lanfang Wen, Pihui Pi","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.131844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2025.131844","url":null,"abstract":"The separation of water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions is crucial for addressing resource shortages and environmental protection. Superoleophilic/superhydrophobic materials, owing to their selective wettability, can effectively separate W/O emulsions by low-viscosity oils. However, when dealing with viscous water-in-oil emulsions from oils with high viscosity, challenges such as severe oil adhesion and pore blockage significantly hinder separation performance. In this study, a superhydrophobic/oleophobic sponge was fabricated by introducing “ rod-dot ” Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles onto the sponge’s inner surfaces, followed by fluorination modification. For emulsions prepared with low-viscosity oils (η<sub>O</sub> < 1 mPa·s), the sponge achieved a separation efficiency of over 98 % with a permeation flux exceeding 10,000 L·m<sup>–2</sup>·h<sup>–1</sup>. Under an applied pressure of 5000 Pa, after continuously treating 400 mL of emulsion, the fluxes for water-in-vegetable oil emulsions (η<sub>V</sub> = 59 mPa·s) and water-in-lubricating oil emulsions (η<sub>L</sub> = 65 mPa·s) remained above 1207 L·m<sup>–</sup>2·h<sup>–1</sup>, with separation efficiencies of 99.49 % and 99.82 %, respectively. These results demonstrate the sponge’s high-efficiency and durable separation performance for water-in-oil emulsions by high-viscosity oils. The superior performance is attributed to the inherent oleophobicity of the material, which suppresses the formation of boundary layers and maintains unobstructed pore channels. This study offers a novel approach for the efficient and durable separation of viscous W/O emulsions, with significant potential in waste oil recovery and fuel purification.","PeriodicalId":427,"journal":{"name":"Separation and Purification Technology","volume":"121 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143050267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-27DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2025.131747
Zhian Gong, Jun Cao, Yingkang Hu, Yadi Yang, Jinhua Ye, Xiaojiang Yao
As a potential substitute for V2O5-WO3/TiO2 (V-W/Ti) catalyst, CeO2/TiO2 (Ce/Ti) catalyst still faces severe challenges regarding low-temperature denitrification performance and SO2 tolerance. To this end, we report an effective strategy to modulate Ce/Ti catalyst acid sites by different acidic metal oxides. The modification of Nb, Mo and W species can well weaken the L-acid sites and enhance the B-acid sites of Ce/Ti catalyst, which helps more NH3 adsorb to form the ionic NH4+ for activation at low temperatures. Moreover, the improvement of redox performance well weakens the adsorption of low reactive nitrates and facilitates the NO oxidation of NO2. The optimum sample (Ce-Nb/Ti) achieved 95 % NOx conversion within the active temperature window (225 − 425 °C) and admirable SO2-tolerant performance at 300 °C. The abundant surface acidity and strong interactions between metal ions not only suppress the adsorption of SO2 on the Ce-Nb/Ti but also decrease the thermal stability of ammonia bisulfate and alleviate sulfate deposition. Moreover, the in situ DRIFTS experiments demonstrated that introducing these acidic metal oxides on Ce/Ti catalyst did not change the reaction pathway, following the Langmuir-Hinshelwood and Eley-Rideal mechanisms.
{"title":"Unraveling the contribution of acidic metal oxides modulating the CeO2/TiO2 catalyst acid sites for NH3-SCR activity and SO2 tolerance","authors":"Zhian Gong, Jun Cao, Yingkang Hu, Yadi Yang, Jinhua Ye, Xiaojiang Yao","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.131747","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2025.131747","url":null,"abstract":"As a potential substitute for V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>-WO<sub>3</sub>/TiO<sub>2</sub> (V-W/Ti) catalyst, CeO<sub>2</sub>/TiO<sub>2</sub> (Ce/Ti) catalyst still faces severe challenges regarding low-temperature denitrification performance and SO<sub>2</sub> tolerance. To this end, we report an effective strategy to modulate Ce/Ti catalyst acid sites by different acidic metal oxides. The modification of Nb, Mo and W species can well weaken the L-acid sites and enhance the B-acid sites of Ce/Ti catalyst, which helps more NH<sub>3</sub> adsorb to form the ionic NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> for activation at low temperatures. Moreover, the improvement of redox performance well weakens the adsorption of low reactive nitrates and facilitates the NO oxidation of NO<sub>2</sub>. The optimum sample (Ce-Nb/Ti) achieved 95 % NO<em><sub>x</sub></em> conversion within the active temperature window (225 − 425 °C) and admirable SO<sub>2</sub>-tolerant performance at 300 °C. The abundant surface acidity and strong interactions between metal ions not only suppress the adsorption of SO<sub>2</sub> on the Ce-Nb/Ti but also decrease the thermal stability of ammonia bisulfate and alleviate sulfate deposition. Moreover, the <em>in situ</em> DRIFTS experiments demonstrated that introducing these acidic metal oxides on Ce/Ti catalyst did not change the reaction pathway, following the Langmuir-Hinshelwood and Eley-Rideal mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":427,"journal":{"name":"Separation and Purification Technology","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143044723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-27DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2025.131838
Abdul Waqas Anjum, Jiawu Huang, Weiwei Zhang, Neng Liao, Zhong Li, Guang Miao, Jing Xiao
Natural and biogas purification by CO2/CH4 separation is a promising route for reducing carbon emissions. Constructing carbon molecular sieves (CMS) that demonstrate size-exclusion of small gas molecules, such as CH4, is desirable but is hindered by the wide pore size distribution of carbons. In this work, a facile interfacial polyamidation approach was employed to regulate the carbon pore structure by manipulating the position of NH functional groups on the aromatic ring of diamine monomers. During pyrolysis, NH groups at the ortho position experience an increased steric strain, resulting in a denser microdomain stacking due to melt polycondensation phenomenon. In contrast, meta and para positions result in a more stable polymer matrix that undergoes reduced graphitization and a higher sp3/sp2 ratio. The CO2 uptake of one sample (MPDA900) reached as high as 2.78 mmol/g at 298 K and 1 bar, while almost total exclusion was successfully attained for CH4. The superior separation performance steered by the size-exclusion effect was further validated by the dynamic breakthrough and regeneration ability tests. These findings offer new insights for designing advanced carbon sorbents with controlled hybridized structure and precisely tuned pores for biogas upgradation.
{"title":"The role of -NH position in polyamide precursors for CMS adsorbents: A study on CO2/CH4 size-sieving separation","authors":"Abdul Waqas Anjum, Jiawu Huang, Weiwei Zhang, Neng Liao, Zhong Li, Guang Miao, Jing Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.131838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2025.131838","url":null,"abstract":"Natural and biogas purification by CO<sub>2</sub>/CH<sub>4</sub> separation is a promising route for reducing carbon emissions. Constructing carbon molecular sieves (CMS) that demonstrate size-exclusion of small gas molecules, such as CH<sub>4</sub>, is desirable but is hindered by the wide pore size distribution of carbons. In this work, a facile interfacial polyamidation approach was employed to regulate the carbon pore structure by manipulating the position of NH functional groups on the aromatic ring of diamine monomers. During pyrolysis, NH groups at the <em>ortho</em> position experience an increased steric strain, resulting in a denser microdomain stacking due to melt polycondensation phenomenon. In contrast, <em>meta</em> and <em>para</em> positions result in a more stable polymer matrix that undergoes reduced graphitization and a higher sp<sup>3</sup>/sp<sup>2</sup> ratio. The CO<sub>2</sub> uptake of one sample (MPDA900) reached as high as 2.78 mmol/g<!-- --> <!-- -->at 298 K and 1 bar, while almost total exclusion was successfully attained for CH<sub>4</sub>. The superior separation performance steered by the size-exclusion effect was further validated by the dynamic breakthrough and regeneration ability tests. These findings offer new insights for designing advanced carbon sorbents with controlled hybridized structure and precisely tuned pores for biogas upgradation.","PeriodicalId":427,"journal":{"name":"Separation and Purification Technology","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143050276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the era of carbon neutrality and digital transformation, the increasing integration of new smartphones, computers, and electric vehicles into daily life has led to a surge in spent batteries, which, if improperly managed, pose significant environmental risks. Among all types of batteries, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are widely used due to their high energy density. The cathode materials of LIBs, typically composed of lithium iron phosphate, lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide, and lithium cobalt oxide contain substantial amounts of valuable metals. Consequently, the recycling and reuse of these cathode materials have garnered significant research interest. However, existing recycling methods often present environmental and economic challenges. Deep eutectic solvents (DESs), known for their environmental friendliness and designable propertied, have drawn much attention for recycling the cathode materials of spent LIBs and have been made some progress. This article focuses on summarizing the current work related to the use of DESs to recycle the cathode materials of LIBs and classifying them according to different electrode materials. In addition to the recovery of cathode materials, DESs also have certain applications in the recovery of anode materials and the removal of adhesive in LiBs, which have been discussed in the manuscript. We compared the performance of various types of DESs for LIBs recovery under different conditions. We also summarized the advantages and common problems of the current related work and give relevant directions that can be improved in the future.
{"title":"Advances of deep eutectic solvents in lithium battery recycling field","authors":"Bingru Wang, Yaozhi Zhang, Congfei Zhu, Shuhang Ren, Yucui Hou, Weize Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.131836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2025.131836","url":null,"abstract":"In the era of carbon neutrality and digital transformation, the increasing integration of new smartphones, computers, and electric vehicles into daily life has led to a surge in spent batteries, which, if improperly managed, pose significant environmental risks. Among all types of batteries, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are widely used due to their high energy density. The cathode materials of LIBs, typically composed of lithium iron phosphate, lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide, and lithium cobalt oxide contain substantial amounts of valuable metals. Consequently, the recycling and reuse of these cathode materials have garnered significant research interest. However, existing recycling methods often present environmental and economic challenges. Deep eutectic solvents (DESs), known for their environmental friendliness and designable propertied, have drawn much attention for recycling the cathode materials of spent LIBs and have been made some progress. This article focuses on summarizing the current work related to the use of DESs to recycle the cathode materials of LIBs and classifying them according to different electrode materials. In addition to the recovery of cathode materials, DESs also have certain applications in the recovery of anode materials and the removal of adhesive in LiBs, which have been discussed in the manuscript. We compared the performance of various types of DESs for LIBs recovery under different conditions. We also summarized the advantages and common problems of the current related work and give relevant directions that can be improved in the future.","PeriodicalId":427,"journal":{"name":"Separation and Purification Technology","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143044356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-27DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2025.131802
Yuqing Li, Suhang Meng, Chunhe Cao, Yi Li
The electronic structure of metal oxides plays an important role in determining their catalytic activity, but how to regulate this structure to overcome inherent limitations in electron transfer efficiency and spin state configuration remains a significant challenge. Herein, we designed a Ni-doped Co3O4 nanorod, where Ni occupied at the octahedral site can effectively facilitate the spin-state transition of Co3+ from a low-spin to a high-spin state, inducing an electronic structure reconstruction in Co3O4. This not only increases the eg filling of Co3+ but also generates additional electronic states, benefiting water purification process. As expected, the obtained Ni-Co3O4-4 catalyst exhibits excellent catalytic performance in electro-Fenton like (EF-like) system, achieving a ciprofloxacin (CIP) removal efficiency of 94.3 %, with a rate constant (k) 1.69 times higher than that of Co3O4. In situ Raman spectra confirmed that the charge rearrangement between Ni and Co3O4 facilitated the formation of the key *OOH intermediate, promoting the production of superoxide radicals (·O2–). Additionally, the developed Ni-Co3O4-4 system can operate continuously for 600 min in a continuous-flow reactor. This work deepens the comprehensive understanding of the relationship between electrocatalytic activity and the spin configuration of Co ions, offering an effective design strategy for spinel compound catalysts aimed at environmental remediation.
{"title":"Spin-state modulation boosts *OOH intermediate generation for Ni-Co3O4 catalyst in electro-Fenton like process","authors":"Yuqing Li, Suhang Meng, Chunhe Cao, Yi Li","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.131802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2025.131802","url":null,"abstract":"The electronic structure of metal oxides plays an important role in determining their catalytic activity, but how to regulate this structure to overcome inherent limitations in electron transfer efficiency and spin state configuration remains a significant challenge. Herein, we designed a Ni-doped Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanorod, where Ni occupied at the octahedral site can effectively facilitate the spin-state transition of Co<sup>3+</sup> from a low-spin to a high-spin state, inducing an electronic structure reconstruction in Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>. This not only increases the e<sub>g</sub> filling of Co<sup>3+</sup> but also generates additional electronic states, benefiting water purification process. As expected, the obtained Ni-Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-4 catalyst exhibits excellent catalytic performance in electro-Fenton like (EF-like) system, achieving a ciprofloxacin (CIP) removal efficiency of 94.3 %, with a rate constant (<em>k</em>) 1.69 times higher than that of Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>. In situ Raman spectra confirmed that the charge rearrangement between Ni and Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> facilitated the formation of the key *OOH intermediate, promoting the production of superoxide radicals (·O<sub>2</sub><sup>–</sup>). Additionally, the developed Ni-Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-4 system can operate continuously for 600 min in a continuous-flow reactor. This work deepens the comprehensive understanding of the relationship between electrocatalytic activity and the spin configuration of Co ions, offering an effective design strategy for spinel compound catalysts aimed at environmental remediation.","PeriodicalId":427,"journal":{"name":"Separation and Purification Technology","volume":"119 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143044357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The synthesis of high-quality two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks (2D COFs) under mild conditions is crucial for their wide scale industrial application. Therefore, the advancement of the unidirectional diffusion synthesis (UDS) method has garnered significant attention. A comprehensive understanding of the diffusion dynamic occurring between the two phases is vital for optimizing reaction times and enhancing the growth conditions of highly crystalline COF films. In this work, we employed the UDS method, explored through various characterization tests, to fabricate 2D COFs on commercial PAN ultrafiltration membranes. Our study shows that the COF layer forms on one side contacting with the organic phase, regardless of whether the front side of the PAN-based film is exposed to the aqueous or organic phase. Through the different reaction times, it was found that the 2-min treatment yielded the optimal performance, with a pure water permeability coefficient of approximately 98 L·m−2·h−1·bar−1, along with a retention rate of exceeding 95 % for both CR and AR 120. Furthermore, it surpassed the interfacial polymerization method in terms of both stability and retention capacity for EBF molecules with molecular weights under 500 g·mol−1.
{"title":"Unidirectional diffusion synthesis of stabilized triphenylamine-based organic frameworks (COFs) composite membranes for dye separation","authors":"Hao Qian, Yanqing Xu, Chenfei Lin, Geting Xu, Tong Mu, Edison Huixiang Ang, Shanshan Yang, Junbin Liao, Jiangnan Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.131753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2025.131753","url":null,"abstract":"The synthesis of high-quality two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks (2D COFs) under mild conditions is crucial for their wide scale industrial application. Therefore, the advancement of the unidirectional diffusion synthesis (UDS) method has garnered significant attention. A comprehensive understanding of the diffusion dynamic occurring between the two phases is vital for optimizing reaction times and enhancing the growth conditions of highly crystalline COF films. In this work, we employed the UDS method, explored through various characterization tests, to fabricate 2D COFs on commercial PAN ultrafiltration membranes. Our study shows that the COF layer forms on one side contacting with the organic phase, regardless of whether the front side of the PAN-based film is exposed to the aqueous or organic phase. Through the different reaction times, it was found that the 2-min treatment yielded the optimal performance, with a pure water permeability coefficient of approximately 98 L·m<sup>−2</sup>·h<sup>−1</sup>·bar<sup>−1</sup>, along with a retention rate of exceeding 95 % for both CR and AR 120. Furthermore, it surpassed the interfacial polymerization method in terms of both stability and retention capacity for EBF molecules with molecular weights under 500 g·mol<sup>−1</sup>.","PeriodicalId":427,"journal":{"name":"Separation and Purification Technology","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143044358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-27DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2025.131834
Bingül Kurt Urhan, Saadet Dinç, Ümit Demir
This study presents an eco-friendly, one-pot electrochemical method for fabricating flexible, free-standing electrodes composed of nickel nanoparticles (NiNPs) wrapped in electrochemically reduced graphene oxide (ERGO). The process involves simultaneous reduction of GO and Ni2+ ions on indium-doped tin oxide (ITO) substrates, followed by detachment using H2 bubbling delamination. Characterization revealed uniform distribution of NiNPs within ERGO layers, providing abundant active sites. After electrochemical activation, the NiNPs/ERGO electrodes demonstrated exceptional hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) performance in 0.5 M H2SO4, with a low overpotential of 73 mV at 10 mA cm−2, a Tafel slope of 31 mV dec−1, and outstanding durability. This innovative approach offers potential for developing high-performance electrocatalysts for water splitting and other applications.
{"title":"Free-Standing Ni nanoparticles wrapped in electrochemically reduced graphene Oxide: A highly efficient electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution in acidic conditions","authors":"Bingül Kurt Urhan, Saadet Dinç, Ümit Demir","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.131834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2025.131834","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents an eco-friendly, one-pot electrochemical method for fabricating flexible, free-standing electrodes composed of nickel nanoparticles (NiNPs) wrapped in electrochemically reduced graphene oxide (ERGO). The process involves simultaneous reduction of GO and Ni<sup>2+</sup> ions on indium-doped tin oxide (ITO) substrates, followed by detachment using H<sub>2</sub> bubbling delamination. Characterization revealed uniform distribution of NiNPs within ERGO layers, providing abundant active sites. After electrochemical activation, the NiNPs/ERGO electrodes demonstrated exceptional hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) performance in 0.5 M H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>, with a low overpotential of 73 mV at 10 mA cm<sup>−2</sup>, a Tafel slope of 31 mV dec<sup>−1</sup>, and outstanding durability. This innovative approach offers potential for developing high-performance electrocatalysts for water splitting and other applications.","PeriodicalId":427,"journal":{"name":"Separation and Purification Technology","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143044360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-27DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2025.131751
Sunyoung Oh, Woo Hyung Park, Ik-Jong Choi, Jina Lee, Chanhun Park, Jun-Woo Kim, Boram Gu
Methionine is an essential α-amino acid for protein synthesis and a precursor to various metabolic substances such as glutathione and biotin. During methionine production, byproducts such as acetic acid and ammonia are generated, which must be recovered for reuse in fermentation. It has been demonstrated that integrating a reverse osmosis (RO) process with conventional thermal-based recovery methods can significantly reduce total energy costs [1]. The performance of RO processes is highly influenced by feed conditions (flowrates, concentrations, and pressures) and module arrangement. Therefore, understanding how key RO performance indicators respond to process fluctuations is crucial. To address this, a two-stage spiral wound RO process was developed at an industrial scale based on a module-level mathematical model designed to simulate the recovery of acetic acid and ammonia. Model parameters were estimated and validated using actual plant data. With the validated process model, extensive simulations were conducted across a wide range of operating conditions and RO configurations to evaluate their impact on performance metrics such as permeate recovery, concentration factor, and energy consumption (both electrical and thermal). Most notably, simulations demonstrated that integrating RO with thermal processes is highly energy-efficient, reducing total energy costs by approximately 76 % compared to a standalone evaporation system. Additionally, it revealed potential improvements to the RO configuration by optimising the number of modules in each stage and adjusting operating conditions, such as feed flowrates and pressures, to meet specific production targets and constraints. The developed simulation platform and results provide a solid foundation for a decision-making tool to guide process configuration and operating conditions in industrial RO applications.
{"title":"Recovery of ammonia and acetic acid from amino acid byproduct using an integrated RO and evaporation system: Process simulation, energy analysis, and optimisation","authors":"Sunyoung Oh, Woo Hyung Park, Ik-Jong Choi, Jina Lee, Chanhun Park, Jun-Woo Kim, Boram Gu","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.131751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2025.131751","url":null,"abstract":"Methionine is an essential α-amino acid for protein synthesis and a precursor to various metabolic substances such as glutathione and biotin. During methionine production, byproducts such as acetic acid and ammonia are generated, which must be recovered for reuse in fermentation. It has been demonstrated that integrating a reverse osmosis (RO) process with conventional thermal-based recovery methods can significantly reduce total energy costs <span><span>[1]</span></span>. The performance of RO processes is highly influenced by feed conditions (flowrates, concentrations, and pressures) and module arrangement. Therefore, understanding how key RO performance indicators respond to process fluctuations is crucial. To address this, a two-stage spiral wound RO process was developed at an industrial scale based on a module-level mathematical model designed to simulate the recovery of acetic acid and ammonia. Model parameters were estimated and validated using actual plant data. With the validated process model, extensive simulations were conducted across a wide range of operating conditions and RO configurations to evaluate their impact on performance metrics such as permeate recovery, concentration factor, and energy consumption (both electrical and thermal). Most notably, simulations demonstrated that integrating RO with thermal processes is highly energy-efficient, reducing total energy costs by approximately 76 % compared to a standalone evaporation system. Additionally, it revealed potential improvements to the RO configuration by optimising the number of modules in each stage and adjusting operating conditions, such as feed flowrates and pressures, to meet specific production targets and constraints. The developed simulation platform and results provide a solid foundation for a decision-making tool to guide process configuration and operating conditions in industrial RO applications.","PeriodicalId":427,"journal":{"name":"Separation and Purification Technology","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143044362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-27DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2025.131848
Gille R. Wittevrongel, Mirko Simoens, Joeri F.M. Denayer
An activated carbon monolith was utilized for biobutanol recovery in a rapid temperature swing adsorption (RTSA) process with steam regeneration. We conducted cyclic adsorption–desorption experiments to assess the process performance under varying steam flow rates, steam durations, and flushing conditions. The results indicate that steam regeneration efficiently removes biobutanol, increasing the butanol concentration in the condensate by up to 37 wt%, which is an 18-fold increase compared to the inlet concentration. Although higher steam flow rates or longer steam durations improved butanol adsorption capacity, they led to a reduced butanol concentration in the recovered product, indicating a trade-off between capacity and product concentration. We observed that the total amount of steam used during the regeneration step is the primary factor influencing recovery and product concentration. The optional flushing step did not significantly impact cyclic performance, suggesting that it can be omitted without affecting process efficiency. These findings underscore the potential of steam regeneration on activated carbon monoliths as an effective adsorbent for biobutanol recovery, providing a promising alternative to more energy-intensive separation methods.
{"title":"Investigating steam regeneration as rapid temperature swing adsorption method for biobutanol recovery using an activated carbon monolith","authors":"Gille R. Wittevrongel, Mirko Simoens, Joeri F.M. Denayer","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.131848","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2025.131848","url":null,"abstract":"An activated carbon monolith was utilized for biobutanol recovery in a rapid temperature swing adsorption (RTSA) process with steam regeneration. We conducted cyclic adsorption–desorption experiments to assess the process performance under varying steam flow rates, steam durations, and flushing conditions. The results indicate that steam regeneration efficiently removes biobutanol, increasing the butanol concentration in the condensate by up to 37 wt%, which is an 18-fold increase compared to the inlet concentration. Although higher steam flow rates or longer steam durations improved butanol adsorption capacity, they led to a reduced butanol concentration in the recovered product, indicating a trade-off between capacity and product concentration. We observed that the total amount of steam used during the regeneration step is the primary factor influencing recovery and product concentration. The optional flushing step did not significantly impact cyclic performance, suggesting that it can be omitted without affecting process efficiency. These findings underscore the potential of steam regeneration on activated carbon monoliths as an effective adsorbent for biobutanol recovery, providing a promising alternative to more energy-intensive separation methods.","PeriodicalId":427,"journal":{"name":"Separation and Purification Technology","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143050262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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