Separation and Purification Technology最新文献_第7页

Break through the trade-off between membrane fouling and pathogen removal in ultrafiltration process by poly(amino acid)s modified biochar 利用聚（氨基酸）改性生物炭突破超滤过程中膜堵塞和病原体去除之间的权衡

IF 8.1 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Separation and Purification Technology

Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2024.129847

The fluctuation of pathogen removal in ultrafiltration (UF) systems and its dependence on irreversible fouling necessitates frequent chemical cleaning/disinfection, raising concerns about leakage of conditioned pathogens. An additional barrier utilizing carbon materials with notable adsorption and antimicrobial properties offers a promising and practical solution. This study achieved complete retention of nano-sized viruses (∼6 log reduction value (LRV)) and micron-sized bacteria (∼7 LRV) by introducing ε-polylysine (EPL)-modified biochar (BC) into UF feeds. During the UF process, biochar with superior adsorption capacities and conformational flexibility, significantly enhanced the entrapments of natural organic matter (NOM), viruses, and bacteria. Specially, EPL exhibited conformational transitions that adapted to different NOM (macromolecule proteins and linear polysaccharides), greatly facilitating the formation of reversible biochar-NOM cake layers and the transfer of pathogens from the irreversible fouling layer to the biochar surface and reversible fouling layer. The random coil structures of EPL promoted electrostatic attraction for virus particles, while bend or sheet-like structures created barriers for both bacteria and viruses through a refined NOM-biochar network. The trapping of viruses was attributed to the combined effects of electrostatic attraction, bonding forces, and the complex cake layers. And size exclusion by the biochar-NOM complex fouling layer played a prominent role in the retention of bacteria. This breakthrough in addressing the trade-off between irreversible fouling and pathogen removal inspires promising applications of EPL-modified biochar for UF systems to consolidate barriers for water and process biosafety. Future efforts should focus on EPL′s conformational response to protein-like NOM with significant steric hindrance, which pose challenges for fouling alleviation and bacteria capture.

由于超滤（UF）系统去除病原体的效果不稳定，而且依赖于不可逆的污垢，因此需要经常进行化学清洗/消毒，从而引发了对条件病原体泄漏的担忧。利用具有显著吸附和抗菌特性的碳材料作为额外的屏障，提供了一种前景广阔的实用解决方案。本研究通过在超滤进料中引入ε-聚赖氨酸（EPL）改性生物炭（BC），实现了纳米级病毒（降解值对数值∼6）和微米级细菌（降解值对数值∼7）的完全截留。在超滤过程中，生物炭具有卓越的吸附能力和构象灵活性，可显著提高天然有机物（NOM）、病毒和细菌的截留率。特别是 EPL 的构象转变适应了不同的 NOM（大分子蛋白质和线性多糖），极大地促进了可逆生物炭-NOM 饼层的形成，并将病原体从不可逆污垢层转移到生物炭表面和可逆污垢层。EPL 的随机线圈结构促进了对病毒颗粒的静电吸引，而弯曲或片状结构则通过精细的 NOM 生物炭网络为细菌和病毒创造了屏障。静电吸引、粘合力和复杂的滤饼层的共同作用使病毒被捕获。而生物炭-NOM 复合污垢层的尺寸排阻作用在细菌截留方面发挥了重要作用。在解决不可逆污垢和病原体去除之间的权衡问题上取得的这一突破，激发了 EPL 改性生物炭在超滤系统中的应用前景，从而巩固了水和工艺生物安全的屏障。未来的工作重点应放在 EPL 对具有明显立体阻碍的蛋白质类 NOM 的构象响应上，因为这些 NOM 对减轻污垢和细菌捕获构成了挑战。

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引用次数: 0

Renewable β-FeOOH nanorods modified polyvinylidene fluoride membrane enables high potable water quality: Performance and mechanisms 可再生的β-FeOOH纳米棒改性聚偏氟乙烯膜实现了高饮用水质：性能与机理

IF 8.1 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Separation and Purification Technology

Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2024.129816

To overcome conventional membrane challenges in eliminating natural organic matter (NOM) from natural water, we successfully integrated β-iron hydroxide oxide (β-FeOOH) nanorods onto a PAA-PVDF blend membrane fabricated from poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF).Contact angle assessments with various fluids confirmed the strong organic matter adsorption property of the membrane, with a dispersion component of surface energy at 26.7 mJ/m² for β-FeOOH@PAA-PVDF. This membrane consistently removed over 80 % of dissolved organic matter in the cross-flow filtration of water containing 50–150 ppm fulvic acid (FA) under neutral conditions. Such remarkable performance is attributed to the interactions between the Fe-OH groups and the carbonyl (2.960 eV) and phenolic (2.864 eV) groups of FA, overcoming the size sieving limits. Under acidic conditions, zeta potential tests revealed effective ferric coagulation, resulting in over 90 % FA (50 ppm) removal. We thoroughly investigated that common cations (e.g., K⁺ and Ca²⁺) have impacts on FA removal using β-FeOOH@PAA-PVDF. The used membranes regained nearly original fluxes after washing with trace hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) under ultraviolet (UV) light illumination, outperforming traditional washing with sodium hypochlorite (NaClO). Electron spin resonance spectrometry elucidated the cleaning mechanism of β-FeOOH@PAA-PVDF was superoxide anion radical (O₂⁻) and singlet oxygen (¹O₂) active species. In summary, β-FeOOH@PAA-PVDF showed a superior adsorption capacity (2200 mg/m²) and efficient photocatalytic degradation towards NOM in natural water, providing an efficient cleaning technology for membrane reuse.

为了克服传统膜在去除天然水中的天然有机物（NOM）方面所面临的挑战，我们成功地将β-氢氧化铁（β-FeOOH）纳米棒集成到了由聚（丙烯酸）（PAA）和聚偏氟乙烯（PVDF）制成的PAA-PVDF混合膜上。与各种流体的接触角评估证实了该膜具有很强的有机物吸附特性，β-FeOOH@PAA-PVDF的表面能分散成分为26.7 mJ/m2。在中性条件下，对含有 50-150 ppm 富勒酸（FA）的水进行错流过滤时，这种膜能持续去除 80% 以上的溶解有机物。如此出色的性能归功于 Fe-OH 基团与富勒酸的羰基（2.960 eV）和酚基（2.864 eV）之间的相互作用，克服了尺寸筛分的限制。在酸性条件下，ZETA 电位测试显示出有效的铁凝结作用，使 FA（50 ppm）的去除率超过 90%。我们深入研究了常见阳离子（如 K+ 和 Ca2+）对使用 β-FeOOH@PAA-PVDF 去除 FA 的影响。在紫外线（UV）照射下用微量过氧化氢（H2O2）洗涤后，使用过的膜几乎恢复了原来的通量，优于传统的次氯酸钠（NaClO）洗涤。电子自旋共振光谱分析阐明了β-FeOOH@PAA-PVDF的清洗机制是超氧阴离子自由基（O2-）和单线态氧（1O2）活性物种。综上所述，β-FeOOH@PAA-PVDF 对天然水中的 NOM 具有优异的吸附能力（2200 mg/m2）和高效的光催化降解能力，为膜的回用提供了一种高效的清洁技术。

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引用次数: 0

Efficient recovery of rare earth elements from ion-adsorption rare earth tailings: Based on the addition of pyrite calcination modification 从离子吸附稀土尾矿中高效回收稀土元素：基于添加黄铁矿的煅烧改性

IF 8.1 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Separation and Purification Technology

Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2024.129767

Rare earth tailings constitute a significant amount of solid waste that remains after industrial (NH₄)₂SO₄ leaching and typically contain rare earth elements (REEs), primarily Ce. This study aimed to fully recover REEs from rare earth tailings by calcination with pyrite under both air and N₂ atmospheres, followed by dilute H₂SO₄ leaching or bioleaching. The results of XRD, SEM-EDS, TIMA, SEM-BSE, XPS, and ICP-MS analyses indicated that Ce and Mn were mainly present in the form of CeO₂ and MnO₂, respectively, whereas Fe existed in both Fe₂O₃ and Fe₂(SO₄)₃ forms. Leaching experiments with dilute H₂SO₄ demonstrated that the co-calcination of rare earth tailings with pyrite significantly enhanced the recovery of REEs. Notably, calcination in air resulted in a significantly higher extraction rate of Ce (95.55 %) than that in N₂ (83.82 %). This difference was attributed to the presence of O₂, which promoted the oxidation of pyrite and facilitated the reduction of Ce(IV) to Ce(III). In contrast, incomplete oxidation of pyrite occurred in the N₂ atmosphere, leading to a high residual Ce(IV) content in the tailings that could not be leached by the dilute acid. Subsequently, sufficient recovery of Ce (97.52 %) from the tailings calcined in the N₂ atmosphere was achieved by bioleaching using Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans and pyrite. Thus, this study provides theoretical support for the efficient recovery of REEs from mining tailings or secondary sources containing CeO₂.

稀土尾矿是工业 (NH4)2SO4 浸出后残留的大量固体废物，通常含有稀土元素 (REE)，主要是铈。本研究旨在通过在空气和二氧化氮气氛下煅烧黄铁矿，然后进行稀 H2SO4 浸出或生物浸出，从稀土尾矿中完全回收稀土元素。XRD、SEM-EDS、TIMA、SEM-BSE、XPS 和 ICP-MS 分析结果表明，铈和锰主要分别以 CeO2 和 MnO2 的形式存在，而铁则以 Fe2O3 和 Fe2(SO4)3 两种形式存在。用稀 H2SO4 进行的浸出实验表明，稀土尾矿与黄铁矿的共煅烧可显著提高稀土元素的回收率。值得注意的是，在空气中煅烧的萃取率（95.55%）明显高于在氮气中煅烧的萃取率（83.82%）。这种差异归因于氧气的存在，它促进了黄铁矿的氧化，并有利于将 Ce(IV) 还原成 Ce(III)。相反，黄铁矿在 N2 大气中发生不完全氧化，导致尾矿中的残余 Ce(IV) 含量较高，无法被稀酸浸出。随后，通过使用酸性硫杆菌铁氧体和黄铁矿进行生物浸出，从在 N2 大气中煅烧的尾矿中获得了足够的 Ce 回收率（97.52%）。因此，这项研究为从含有二氧化 Ce 的采矿尾矿或二次资源中高效回收稀土元素提供了理论支持。

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引用次数: 0

Study of selective collecting capacity and mechanism of novel collector PPB1 in the separation of cerussite and smithsonite 新型捕收剂 PPB1 在陶瓷石和铁闪石分离中的选择性捕收能力和机理研究

IF 8.1 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Separation and Purification Technology

Pub Date : 2024-09-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2024.129840

The study investigated a novel hydrophobic, selective, low-toxicity, and low-cost sulfhydryl collector, PPB1 for the flotation separation of cerussite and smithsonite, analyzing the underlying separation mechanism. Micro-flotation experiments indicated that efficient flotation separation of cerussite and smithsonite could be achieved at pH 8, with a PPB1 dosage of 200 mg·L⁻¹, and without the addition of depressants or pre-sulfurization. PPB1, as a collector, exhibits excellent selectivity for cerussite and can obtain cerussite concentrate with a recovery of over 90 % from artificial mixed minerals and raw ores. Zeta potential and contact angle measurements on pure minerals revealed that PPB1 exhibited stronger adsorption on the cerussite surface, thus significantly altering the potential and increasing the hydrophobicity of the cerussite surface. FT-IR, XPS analyses and DFT calculations indicated that the sulfhydryl group of PPB1 formed a thiol-metal bond with Pb sites on the cerussite surface by stable chemical adsorption, but without interaction with the smithsonite surface, showcasing its high-selectivity.

该研究研究了一种新型疏水性、选择性、低毒性和低成本的巯基捕收剂 PPB1，用于浮选分离陶瓷石和铁燧石，并分析了其基本分离机理。微浮选实验表明，在pH值为8、PPB1用量为200 mg-L-1、不添加抑制剂或预硫化的条件下，可实现铈镧矿和铁石棉的高效浮选分离。PPB1 作为一种捕收剂，对铈镧矿具有极佳的选择性，可以从人工混合矿物和原矿石中获得回收率超过 90% 的铈镧矿精矿。对纯矿物进行的 Zeta 电位和接触角测量显示，PPB1 对陶瓷石表面的吸附力更强，从而显著改变了陶瓷石表面的电位并增加了其疏水性。傅立叶变换红外光谱、XPS 分析和 DFT 计算表明，PPB1 的巯基通过稳定的化学吸附与陶瓷石表面的铅位点形成硫醇-金属键，但与铁石棉表面没有相互作用，显示了其高选择性。

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引用次数: 0

Visible light-driven catalytic degradation of organic pollutants by S-scheme heterojunction Bi4O5I2/NaNbO3 enhanced by piezoelectric effect 压电效应增强的 S 型异质结 Bi4O5I2/NaNbO3 在可见光驱动下催化降解有机污染物

IF 8.1 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Separation and Purification Technology

Pub Date : 2024-09-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2024.129830

The piezoelectric photocatalytic system can harness mechanical energy and carriers to degrade water pollution. Utilizing strong piezoelectric materials coupled with photocatalysts effectively addresses the recombination of photogenerated carriers. In this study, Bi₄O₅I₂, which responds to both visible light and piezoelectric stimuli, was synthesized by a solvothermal method. It was then further modified with the piezoelectric material NaNbO₃ to create a dual piezoelectric-responsive visible photocatalytic material Bi₄O₅I₂/NaNbO₃. Under the influence of an internal electric field and visible light irradiated induced by periodic ultrasonic vibration, the degradation rates of ARB and HCl-TC were exceeded 90 % within 90 min. The piezoelectric effect induced by ultrasonic vibration provided a robust internal electric field, significantly enhancing the separation of photoexcited carriers and thereby improving the catalytic activity of Bi₄O₅I₂/NaNbO₃. This work advances the effective purification of water pollution and offers valuable insights for developing efficient piezoelectric photocatalytic materials.

压电光催化系统可利用机械能和载流子来降解水污染。利用强压电材料与光催化剂耦合，可有效解决光生载流子的重组问题。本研究采用溶热法合成了对可见光和压电刺激均有反应的 Bi4O5I2。然后用压电材料 NaNbO3 对其进行进一步改性，创造出一种压电响应型双可见光光催化材料 Bi4O5I2/NaNbO3。在内部电场和周期性超声振动诱导的可见光照射影响下，ARB 和 HCl-TC 的降解率在 90 分钟内超过 90%。超声振动诱导的压电效应提供了一个强大的内电场，显著增强了光激发载流子的分离，从而提高了 Bi4O5I2/NaNbO3 的催化活性。这项研究成果推动了水污染的有效净化，并为开发高效压电光催化材料提供了宝贵的启示。

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引用次数: 0

Sequential super-assembled nanomotor adsorbents for NIR light-Powered blood lead removal 用于近红外光源去除血铅的序贯超组装纳米马达吸附剂

IF 8.1 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Separation and Purification Technology

Pub Date : 2024-09-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2024.129837

Hemoperfusion is a common treatment for lead poisoning, where hemoperfusion adsorbents are used to remove lead ions from blood. However, traditional hemoperfusion adsorbents often suffer from limited efficiency and poor biocompatibility, reducing their effectiveness for human use. To address these limitations, we developed a novel photothermal nanomotor adsorbent through a controllable sequential super-assembly strategy. Gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) were incorporated into the nanochannels of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs), followed by modification of the outer HNT surface with polydopamine (PDA) and 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA), forming Au@HNTs@PDA-DMSA. This nanomotor adsorbent leverages the photothermal properties of Au NPs to achieve self-propulsion via thermophoresis under near-infrared (NIR) light irradiation. The performance of this nanomotor was evaluated for Pb(II) removal in both aqueous solutions and human blood samples, reaching adsorption equilibrium within 20 min and a maximum capacity of 45.980 mg/g. The adsorption kinetics followed a pseudo-second-order model with a high fitting coefficient (R² = 0.999), and the Langmuir model fit better than the Freundlich model, indicating monolayer adsorption. Notably, when driven by 808 nm NIR light at 1.0 W cm⁻², the Au@HNTs@PDA-DMSA nanomotors showed a significantly enhanced adsorption capacity of 151.769 mg/g, improving blood lead removal efficiency by 1.80 times compared to non-irradiated conditions. Furthermore, the addition of sulfhydryl and carboxyl groups from DMSA provided more active sites, leading to a 9.76-fold increase in lead removal compared to passive adsorbents using HNTs. In vitro tests confirmed the excellent biocompatibility and biosafety of the nanomotor adsorbent, achieving a blood lead removal rate of 91.25 %. This advancement overcomes the limitations of traditional lead adsorbents, offering a promising solution for more effective lead detoxification in clinical and environmental settings.

血液灌流是一种常见的铅中毒治疗方法，利用血液灌流吸附剂去除血液中的铅离子。然而，传统的血液灌流吸附剂往往效率有限，生物相容性差，降低了其对人体的有效性。为了解决这些局限性，我们通过可控的顺序超组装策略开发了一种新型光热纳米马达吸附剂。先将金纳米颗粒（Au NPs）加入到哈洛来石纳米管（HNTs）的纳米通道中，然后用多巴胺（PDA）和2,3-二巯基丁二酸（DMSA）修饰HNT外表面，形成Au@HNTs@PDA-DMSA。这种纳米马达吸附剂利用金纳米粒子的光热特性，在近红外（NIR）光照射下通过热泳实现自推进。对该纳米吸附剂在水溶液和人体血液样本中去除铅（II）的性能进行了评估，结果表明，该纳米吸附剂在 20 分钟内达到吸附平衡，最大吸附容量为 45.980 mg/g。吸附动力学遵循伪二阶模型，拟合系数较高（R2 = 0.999），Langmuir 模型的拟合效果优于 Freundlich 模型，表明存在单层吸附。值得注意的是，在 1.0 W cm-2 的 808 nm 近红外光驱动下，Au@HNTs@PDA-DMSA 纳米马达的吸附容量显著增强，达到 151.769 mg/g，与非辐照条件相比，血铅去除效率提高了 1.80 倍。此外，DMSA 中添加的巯基和羧基提供了更多的活性位点，与使用 HNTs 的被动吸附剂相比，铅去除率提高了 9.76 倍。体外测试证实了这种纳米马达吸附剂具有良好的生物相容性和生物安全性，血铅去除率达到 91.25%。这一进步克服了传统铅吸附剂的局限性，为临床和环境中更有效的铅解毒提供了一种前景广阔的解决方案。

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引用次数: 0

Selective hydrophilization based on alkaline-catalyzed alcoholysis: An approach to enhance the flotation of waste polyesters 基于碱催化醇解的选择性亲水性：增强废聚酯浮选的一种方法

IF 8.1 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Separation and Purification Technology

Pub Date : 2024-09-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2024.129803

Polyester plastics, constituting a substantial segment of the global plastic market, offer considerable potential market for the polyesters recycling. This study proposed an efficient separation technology for waste polyesters through flotation assisted by alkaline-catalyzed alcoholysis modification. The alkaline-catalyzed alcoholysis modification facilitates the selective hydrophilization of waste polyesters, regulating their float-sink behavior in flotation. According to the polyester floatability, the hydrophilicity of the modified polyesters is in order of PA6 > PET ≈ PU > PC > PMMA. Due to the different C–O and C–N bond strength, the modification selectively induced alcoholysis on the polyesters surface, enhancing their hydrophilicity by increasing the number of rough structure and hydrophilic functional groups on surfaces rather than introducing heteroatoms. The sinking products in flotation, including polyamide 6 (PA6), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and polyurethane (PU), could be separated from the floating products, such as polycarbonate (PC), and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). The binary separation was achieved under optimum conditions. The recovery and purity of PA6, PET, and PU could reach 100.0 % and 100.0 %, 100.0 % and 85.7 %, 79.9 % and 83.1 %, respectively. Consequently, the heterogeneous alcoholysis reactivity contributes to the selective hydrophilization of waste polyesters. This study established a hydrophilicity order of modified polyesters, and promoted flotation separation of waste polyesters.

聚酯塑料占全球塑料市场的很大一部分，为聚酯回收提供了巨大的潜在市场。本研究提出了一种通过浮选辅助碱催化醇解改性的废聚酯高效分离技术。碱催化醇解改性可促进废弃聚酯的选择性亲水性，调节其在浮选中的浮沉行为。根据聚酯的可浮性，改性聚酯的亲水性依次为 PA6 > PET ≈ PU > PC > PMMA。由于 C-O 和 C-N 键的强度不同，改性选择性地诱导聚酯表面发生醇解，通过增加表面粗糙结构和亲水官能团的数量而不是引入杂原子来提高其亲水性。在浮选过程中，聚酰胺 6（PA6）、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）和聚氨酯（PU）等沉降产物可与聚碳酸酯（PC）和聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PMMA）等浮游产物分离。二元分离是在最佳条件下实现的。PA6、PET 和 PU 的回收率和纯度分别达到 100.0% 和 100.0%、100.0% 和 85.7%、79.9% 和 83.1%。因此，异构醇解反应性有助于废聚酯的选择性亲水化。该研究建立了改性聚酯的亲水性顺序，促进了废聚酯的浮选分离。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluation of fouling phenomena and cation-exchange membrane cleaning in Donnan dialysis for separation of ammonium from fermented solutions rich in volatile fatty acids 评估用于从富含挥发性脂肪酸的发酵溶液中分离铵的唐南透析法中的结垢现象和阳离子交换膜清洗情况

IF 8.1 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Separation and Purification Technology

Pub Date : 2024-09-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2024.129834

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are promising biobased and biodegradable alternatives to the petroleum-based plastics. For their production, controlling cell growth is crucial and can be achieved by limiting nutrients, such as ammonium. The use of Donnan dialysis (DD) has been considered for this purpose. However, the effects of long–term DD fermentative operations need to be evaluated since fouling and sorption phenomena can affect the process performance. In this study, DD operations were performed over 10 consecutive batches to separate ammonium from a real fermented stream derived from an acidogenic fermentation process using cation-exchange membranes with distinct properties (a homogenous Fumasep FKS–PET-130 and a heterogenous Ralex CMH-PES) and NaCl or HCl aqueous receiver solutions. A cleaning procedure with acidic and alkaline solutions was proposed for the Ralex. It was verified that sorption and fouling phenomena occurred on/inside both membranes using a NaCl solution as receiver. This occurred more intensely with the Ralex, thus reducing the ammonium percent extraction from 55% (first batch) to approximately 40% in the subsequent batches. On the other hand, Fumasep exhibited higher percent extractions, and its values remained constant at around 65% along the batches when only rinsed with distilled water. The proposed cleaning procedure for Ralex effectively regenerated this membrane and increased the subsequent ammonium percent extractions. However, the acidic and/or alkaline solutions formed cavities on/in the membrane. The use of a HCl solution as receiver led to a lower reduction in the percent extraction throughout the batches when compared to NaCl, but the acidic receiver solution also damaged the membrane. It is suggested the use of the Fumasep membrane for the application evaluated herein or that a milder cleaning procedure is developed and applied for the Ralex membrane.

聚羟基烷酸酯（PHA）是一种很有前途的生物基、可生物降解的石油基塑料替代品。要生产聚羟基烷酸酯，控制细胞生长至关重要，可以通过限制铵等营养物质来实现。为此，已考虑使用唐南透析（DD）。然而，由于结垢和吸附现象会影响工艺性能，因此需要对长期 DD 发酵操作的效果进行评估。在这项研究中，使用具有不同特性的阳离子交换膜（同质的 Fumasep FKS-PET-130 和异质的 Ralex CMH-PES）和 NaCl 或 HCl 水接收溶液，连续进行了 10 批 DD 操作，以从酸性发酵工艺产生的实际发酵流中分离铵。针对 Ralex 提出了使用酸性和碱性溶液进行清洗的程序。经证实，使用氯化钠溶液作为接收器时，两种膜的内部都出现了吸附和堵塞现象。这种现象在 Ralex 上更为严重，因此氨的提取率从 55%（第一批）降至随后几批的约 40%。另一方面，Fumasep 的萃取率更高，在仅使用蒸馏水冲洗的情况下，其值始终保持在 65% 左右。针对 Ralex 提出的清洗程序有效地再生了这层膜，并提高了随后的铵萃取率。但是，酸性和/或碱性溶液会在膜上形成空洞。与氯化钠溶液相比，使用盐酸溶液作为接收器可降低各批次的萃取率，但酸性接收器溶液也会损坏膜。建议在本文评估的应用中使用 Fumasep 膜，或者为 Ralex 膜开发和使用更温和的清洁程序。

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引用次数: 0

Advanced zwitterionic polymeric membranes for diverse applications beyond antifouling 用于防污以外多种应用的先进聚阴离子聚合物膜

IF 8.1 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Separation and Purification Technology

Pub Date : 2024-09-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2024.129848

Zwitterionic polymers, characterized by their possession of both cationic and anionic groups, are overall electrically neutral and capable of forming hydration layers on surfaces through hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions. In aqueous environments, these polymers stabilize water molecules with their hydrophilic headgroups, whereas their hydrophobic components assist in repelling oil molecules. Zwitterionic polymers dynamically adjust their charge distribution and intermolecular interactions in response to environmental changes such as pH and salinity variations, thereby maintaining their anti-fouling and oleophobic properties. Thus, modifying material surfaces with zwitterionic polymers is considered a particularly promising strategy for combating material fouling. This article focuses on the methods and mechanisms of membrane modification based on zwitterionic polymers, as well as their applications in anti-fouling and other domains. The focus of the discussion is on the modification techniques and mechanistic features of membranes based on zwitterionic polymers, including preformation surface modification and postformation surface enhancement. The topics under discussion include applications in oil–water separation, dye separation, seawater desalination, and antibiofouling. This important review also explores potential strategies and applications for addressing the unresolved challenges associated with zwitterionic polymer-modified membranes.

具有阳离子和阴离子两种基团的共聚物总体上呈电中性，能够通过氢键和静电作用在表面上形成水合层。在水环境中，这些聚合物的亲水头基可稳定水分子，而其疏水成分则有助于排斥油分子。两性离子聚合物可根据环境变化（如 pH 值和盐度变化）动态调整其电荷分布和分子间相互作用，从而保持其防污和疏油特性。因此，用齐聚物聚合物修饰材料表面被认为是一种特别有前景的材料防污策略。本文重点介绍基于齐聚物聚合物的膜改性方法和机理，以及它们在防污和其他领域的应用。讨论的重点是基于齐聚物聚合物的膜改性技术和机理特征，包括形成前表面改性和形成后表面增强。讨论的主题包括在油水分离、染料分离、海水淡化和防污方面的应用。这篇重要的综述还探讨了潜在的策略和应用，以解决与聚阴离子聚合物改性膜相关的尚未解决的难题。

{"title":"Advanced zwitterionic polymeric membranes for diverse applications beyond antifouling","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2024.129848","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seppur.2024.129848","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Zwitterionic polymers, characterized by their possession of both cationic and anionic groups, are overall electrically neutral and capable of forming hydration layers on surfaces through hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions. In aqueous environments, these polymers stabilize water molecules with their hydrophilic headgroups, whereas their hydrophobic components assist in repelling oil molecules. Zwitterionic polymers dynamically adjust their charge distribution and intermolecular interactions in response to environmental changes such as pH and salinity variations, thereby maintaining their anti-fouling and oleophobic properties. Thus, modifying material surfaces with zwitterionic polymers is considered a particularly promising strategy for combating material fouling. This article focuses on the methods and mechanisms of membrane modification based on zwitterionic polymers, as well as their applications in anti-fouling and other domains. The focus of the discussion is on the modification techniques and mechanistic features of membranes based on zwitterionic polymers, including preformation surface modification and postformation surface enhancement. The topics under discussion include applications in oil–water separation, dye separation, seawater desalination, and antibiofouling. This important review also explores potential strategies and applications for addressing the unresolved challenges associated with zwitterionic polymer-modified membranes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":427,"journal":{"name":"Separation and Purification Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142320240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fabrication of recoverable plant polyphenol-based surfactants for efficient removal of uranyl ions from skin and cotton fabric 制备可回收的植物多酚表面活性剂，用于高效去除皮肤和棉织物中的铀离子

IF 8.1 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Separation and Purification Technology

Pub Date : 2024-09-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2024.129790

With the increasing demand for uranium in the nuclear industry, the unintended uranium contamination of skin or clothing for individuals involved in nuclear activities has raised public health concerns. Herein, a plant polyphenol-based surfactant (sulfonated bayberry tannin surfactant, SBTS) was fabricated by modifying the hydrophobic groups in the sulfonated bayberry tannin (SBT) structure using a simple Friedel–Crafts alkylation reaction. The surfactant modified with tetradecane chloride showed superior foaming ability and emulsifying properties compared with SBT. The characterization of SBTS by FT-IR spectroscopy confirmed that hydrophobic chains were successfully grafted on SBT molecules via covalent bonds. As expected, SBTS could disperse in water under near-neutral pH condition, and showed good foaming and emulsifying properties. Moreover, the surfactant exhibited effective removal ability for UO₂²⁺-contaminated cotton fabric and skin in a broad application range, reaching a removal rate of 99 % for low amounts of UO₂²⁺, and even above 55 % for high UO₂²⁺ amounts. More importantly, SBTS after reacing with UO₂²⁺ could be easily separated from aqueous systems after standing for 60 min in acidic and neutral conditions, which is a favorable feature to avoid secondary pollution. In vitro cytotoxicity tests suggested that SBTS was much safer than commonly used synthetic surfactants. Based on XPS and FT-IR measurements, we propose a decontamination mechanism mainly originating from the chelation effect between the phenolic hydroxyl group of SBTS and UO₂²⁺. This study highlights the potential of plant tannin surfactants as effective materials for the removal of UO₂²⁺ from skin or clothing of individuals involved in various nuclear-related activities.

随着核工业对铀的需求不断增加，参与核活动的人员的皮肤或衣物受到意外铀污染的问题引起了公众的健康关注。在本文中，通过简单的弗里德尔-卡夫斯烷基化反应，对磺化月桂单宁（SBT）结构中的疏水基团进行改性，制成了一种植物多酚基表面活性剂（磺化月桂单宁表面活性剂，SBTS）。与 SBT 相比，用氯化十四烷修饰的表面活性剂具有更出色的发泡能力和乳化性能。通过傅立叶变换红外光谱对 SBTS 的表征证实，疏水链通过共价键成功接枝到 SBT 分子上。正如预期的那样，SBTS 在 pH 值接近中性的条件下可以分散在水中，并表现出良好的发泡和乳化性能。此外，该表面活性剂在广泛的应用范围内对受 UO22+ 污染的棉织物和皮肤具有有效的去除能力，对低量 UO22+ 的去除率可达 99%，对高量 UO22+ 的去除率甚至超过 55%。更重要的是，SBTS 与 UO22+ 重新接触后，在酸性和中性条件下静置 60 分钟后，很容易从水体系中分离出来，这是避免二次污染的一个有利特征。体外细胞毒性测试表明，SBTS 比常用的合成表面活性剂更安全。根据 XPS 和 FT-IR 测量结果，我们提出了一种主要源于 SBTS 的酚羟基与 UO22+ 之间螯合效应的去污机制。这项研究凸显了植物单宁表面活性剂作为有效材料去除参与各种核相关活动的人员皮肤或衣物上的 UO22+ 的潜力。

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引用次数: 0