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Foreword … in the tradition of liber amicorum 前言…在《爱的自由》的传统中
IF 0.2 4区 社会学 Q3 LAW Pub Date : 2020-12-16 DOI: 10.1163/15730352-bja10040
J. Marko, B. Harzl, Aistė Mickonytė
The rule-of-law backsliding in Hungary and Poland, troublesome implementation of European anti-discrimination measures, major resistance surrounding international instruments, such as the Istanbul Convention, perceived to be at odds with “traditional values”, and even questions of contested statehood, as in Kosovo: Central and Eastern as well as Southeast Europe remain in the focus of academic analysis and media coverage. This issue of the Review of Central and East European Law looks into a multitude of challenges accompanying the processes of Europeanization and the observance of European values as the foundation of political and legal cohesion in the EU and its neighborhood.
匈牙利和波兰的法治倒退,欧洲反歧视措施的棘手实施,围绕《伊斯坦布尔公约》等被视为与“传统价值观”相悖的国际文书的重大阻力,甚至是有争议的国家地位问题,如科索沃:中欧、东欧和东南欧,仍然是学术分析和媒体报道的焦点。本期《中欧和东欧法律评论》探讨了伴随欧化进程的众多挑战,以及作为欧盟及其邻国政治和法律凝聚力基础的欧洲价值观的遵守。
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引用次数: 0
Contestation of Kosovo’s Statehood from Within: EULEX Judges Adjudicating Privatization Matters through ‘Status Neutrality’ 从内部争论科索沃的国家地位:欧盟法律委员会法官通过“地位中立”裁决私有化问题
IF 0.2 4区 社会学 Q3 LAW Pub Date : 2020-12-16 DOI: 10.1163/15730352-bja10036
K. Istrefi
Kosovo’s statehood has been contested by foes as well as friends. Much is known about the former and less about the latter. This contribution explores the contestation of Kosovo’s independence by the judges of the European Union Rule of Law Mission in Kosovo (eulex) working on privatization matters before Kosovo courts. As put by the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Kosovo (kcc), eulex judges working on privatization matters, “simply continued to ignore the existence of Kosovo as an independent State and its legislation emanating from its Assembly”. The kcc stated this after eulex judges working on privatization matters had refused to respect Kosovo laws and institutions subsequent to the 2008 Kosovo Declaration of Independence. This paper explores the judicial dialogue on Kosovo’s independence between eulex judges and the kcc and identifies the limitations and risks of the ‘status neutral’ policy applied by international organizations to collaborate with Kosovar institutions without prejudging its political status. This submission suggests that ‘status neutrality’ leads to either acceptance or contestation of Kosovo’s statehood and thus brings more uncertainty than clarity to Kosovo’s position in international relations.
科索沃的国家地位既受到敌人的质疑,也受到朋友的质疑。人们对前者了解较多,对后者了解较少。本报告探讨了在科索沃法院处理私有化问题的欧盟科索沃法治特派团(eulex)法官对科索沃独立的争论。正如科索沃共和国宪法法院(宪法法院)所指出的,从事私有化事务的欧盟法院法官“只是继续无视科索沃作为一个独立国家的存在及其由其大会制定的立法”。在2008年科索沃独立宣言之后,欧盟委员会负责私有化事务的法官拒绝尊重科索沃的法律和制度。本文探讨了欧盟法官和科索沃法院之间关于科索沃独立的司法对话,并确定了国际组织在不预先判断科索沃政治地位的情况下与科索沃机构合作所采用的“地位中立”政策的局限性和风险。这份意见书认为,“地位中立”导致要么接受,要么反对科索沃的国家地位,因此给科索沃在国际关系中的地位带来更多的不确定性,而不是明确性。
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引用次数: 1
Jerzy Wróblewski’s Legal Theory and His Influence on Humanist Legal Thought Jerzy Wróblewski的法学理论及其对人本主义法律思想的影响
IF 0.2 4区 社会学 Q3 LAW Pub Date : 2020-06-23 DOI: 10.1163/15730352-bja10004
Marek Zirk-Sadowski
This paper presents Jerzy Wróblewski’s (1926–1990) theory of law. He was an eminent Polish legal philosopher. His philosophical minimalism, anticognitivism, relativism and moderate reconstructivism constitute the basis for analytical theory of law in Poland. He was developing his theory of law over the span of several dozens of years but the assumptions were formulated already in his first work on legal interpretation published in 1959. His paradigm of legal theory includes several areas: the theory of the legal norm, theory of legal interpretation, theory of the legal system, theory of application of law, theory of law-making and the methodology of legal sciences.
本文介绍了Jerzy Wróblewski(1926-1990)的法学理论。他是一位杰出的波兰法律哲学家。他的哲学极简主义、反认知主义、相对主义和温和的重建主义构成了波兰法律分析理论的基础。他在几十年的时间里发展了他的法律理论,但这些假设已经在他1959年出版的第一部关于法律解释的作品中形成了。他的法律理论范式包括:法律规范理论、法律解释理论、法律制度理论、法律适用理论、立法理论和法学方法论。
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引用次数: 0
Józef Nowacki as a Theoretician of Normativism in Poland Józef波兰规范主义理论家诺瓦茨基
IF 0.2 4区 社会学 Q3 LAW Pub Date : 2020-06-23 DOI: 10.1163/15730352-bja10008
Sławomir Tkacz
The present paper aims to present an outline of the views of the Polish legal theorist Józef Nowacki (1923–2005). The claim put forward is that Nowacki was the chief representative of Hans Kelsen’s normativism in Polish legal theory. The paper begins with a short historical sketch presenting the reception of Hans Kelsen’s views in Polish jurisprudence, noting that in the post-war period the communist authorities believed that normativism was at odds with the then prevailing system of actually existing socialism. Drawing inspiration from German-speaking authors, Nowacki rejected the ideology prevailing in Poland at that time and became a staunch advocate of the normativist stance, in particular with regard to the theory of the legal system. The second part of the paper discusses Nowacki’s views regarding the concept of the rule of law, and the third and last part presents Nowacki’s critique of the case-law of the Polish Constitutional Court.
本文旨在概述波兰法学家Józef Nowacki(1923-2005)的观点。本文认为,诺瓦茨基是汉斯·凯尔森规范主义在波兰法学理论中的主要代表。本文以一个简短的历史概述开始,介绍了汉斯·凯尔森的观点在波兰法律学中的接受情况,并指出在战后时期,共产主义当局认为规范主义与当时实际存在的主流社会主义制度不一致。从讲德语的作家那里获得灵感,诺瓦茨基拒绝了当时在波兰盛行的意识形态,并成为规范主义立场的坚定倡导者,特别是在法律制度理论方面。本文第二部分论述了诺瓦茨基对法治概念的看法,第三部分也是最后一部分介绍了诺瓦茨基对波兰宪法法院判例法的批判。
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引用次数: 1
Zygmunt Ziembiński and his Analytical Theory of Law: Formalization of Law as an Instrument to Protect its Minimal Moral Content 齐格蒙特Ziembiński和他的法律分析理论:作为保护其最低道德内容的工具的法律的形式化
IF 0.2 4区 社会学 Q3 LAW Pub Date : 2020-06-23 DOI: 10.1163/15730352-bja10006
Marzena Kordela
Zygmunt Ziembiński defined law as a system of norms of conduct distinguishable from other social norms by determined formal features. By qualifying norms as linguistic expressions he predetermined the analytical character of his entire theory of law. However, by assuming that the creator of legal norms – the rational legislator – among its methodological characteristics also includes the assumption of axiological rationality, he gave a moral dimension to his concept of law.
Zygmunt Ziembiński将法律定义为一种行为规范系统,通过确定的形式特征将其与其他社会规范区分开来。通过将规范限定为语言表达,他预先确定了他的整个法律理论的分析特征。然而,通过假设法律规范的创造者——理性的立法者——在其方法论特征中也包括价值理性的假设,他赋予了他的法律概念一个道德维度。
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引用次数: 1
Polish Jurisprudence in the 20th Century: A General Overview 20世纪波兰法理学:概览
IF 0.2 4区 社会学 Q3 LAW Pub Date : 2020-06-23 DOI: 10.1163/15730352-04502001
Tomasz Bekrycht, R. Mańko
The present paper provides a general overview of the sources of inspiration and main currents in Polish jurisprudence in the 20th century, especially in the post-War and contemporary period. The paper notes that the main sources of inspiration in the early 20th century included Leon Petrażycki, Bronisław Wróblewski, Czesław Znamie-rowski and Jerzy Lande, who exerted a great influence on the first generation of Polish post-War legal theorists. The Lvov-Warsaw school of analytical philosophy also had a huge impact on Polish jurisprudence, as the school to a large extent determined the research questions posed by Polish legal theorists. Indeed, analytical legal theory can be said to have dominated Polish jurisprudence from the 1950s up to the end of the 1980s. After 1989, a broad current of new philosophical approaches to jurisprudence emerged, including legal hermeneutics and philosophies of interpretation, legal ethics, postmodern and critical legal theory, the phenomenology of law as well as an original Polish achievement – the legal theory of ‘juriscentrism’.
本文概述了20世纪,特别是战后和当代波兰法理学的灵感来源和主流。文章指出,20世纪初的主要灵感来源包括Leon Petrażycki、Bronisław Wróblewski、Czesław、Znamie-rowski和Jerzy Lande,他们对波兰战后第一代法律理论家产生了很大的影响。利沃夫-华沙分析哲学学派也对波兰法学产生了巨大的影响,因为该学派在很大程度上决定了波兰法律理论家提出的研究问题。事实上,从1950年代到1980年代末,分析法学理论可以说主导了波兰法学。1989年之后,一股新的法学哲学思潮出现,包括法律解释学和解释哲学、法律伦理学、后现代和批判法律理论、法律现象学,以及波兰的一项原创成就——“法理学”法律理论。
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引用次数: 0
Stanisław Ehrlich’s Critique of Legal Dogmatics: Then and Now Stanisław埃利希对法律教条主义的批判:过去与现在
IF 0.2 4区 社会学 Q3 LAW Pub Date : 2020-06-23 DOI: 10.1163/15730352-bja10005
W. Zomerski
The main aim of this paper is to reconstruct Stanisław Ehrlich’s critique of legal dogmatics by which he understood a legal discipline that explains in a systematic manner the normative material which consists of description, classification and systematization of norms. As an additional aim of this article is to remind about Ehrlich’s achievements and contribution to the regional legal theory, this is preceded by the author’s biographical note. The reconstruction of Ehrlich’s critique of legal dogmatics consists of three elements. Firstly, I discuss the author’s understanding of legal dogmatics and attitude towards it in the context of the domestic legal theory. Secondly, I consider the theoretical background of Ehrlich’s critique of legal dogmatics and I argue that it might be seen as a part of three broader threads in the author’s writings: realism, decision-focused concept of law and pluralism. Finally, I reconstruct Ehrlich’s critique of legal dogmatics formulated in the 1950s and in the 1960s. This is followed by a brief summary and consideration of Ehrlich’s possible application in the broadly understood legal theory. I shall argue that Ehrlich’s critique of legal dogmatics and his realistic concept of law might be interesting for all who examine the law in its broader social context, looking at it from the external point of view, adopting critical as well as post-analytical attitudes towards the law. As possible fields of Ehrlich’s application, I identify ongoing discussions on rule of law, legal education, adjudication and judicial formalism. I shall also argue that Ehrlich’s realistic concept of the law remains an interesting piece of Central Eastern European critical thought.
本文的主要目的是重建Stanisław埃利希对法律教条主义的批判,通过这种批判,他理解了一种以系统的方式解释由规范的描述、分类和系统化组成的规范性材料的法律学科。由于本文的另一个目的是提醒人们埃利希的成就和对区域法学理论的贡献,这是作者的传记笔记之前。对埃利希法律教条主义批判的重构包括三个要素。首先,笔者结合国内法学界的理论背景,论述了笔者对法律教条主义的理解和态度。其次,我考虑了埃利希对法律教条主义批判的理论背景,我认为它可以被视为作者著作中三个更广泛的线索的一部分:现实主义,以决策为中心的法律概念和多元主义。最后,我重建了埃利希对20世纪50年代和60年代形成的法律教条主义的批判。接下来是对埃利希在广泛理解的法律理论中的可能应用的简要总结和考虑。我认为,埃利希对法律教条主义的批判和他的现实主义法律概念,可能对所有在更广泛的社会背景下研究法律的人来说都是有趣的,从外部角度看待法律,对法律采取批判和后分析的态度。作为埃利希可能应用的领域,我确定了正在进行的关于法治、法律教育、审判和司法形式主义的讨论。我还将指出,埃利希的现实主义法律概念仍然是中东欧批判思想中一个有趣的部分。
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引用次数: 2
Artur Kozak’s Juriscentrist Concept of Law: a Central European Innovation in Legal Theory 阿图尔·科扎克的法理学法概念:中欧法理学的创新
IF 0.2 4区 社会学 Q3 LAW Pub Date : 2020-06-23 DOI: 10.1163/15730352-bja04502003
R. Mańko
Artur Kozak (1960–2009) was one of the most original and innovative philosophers of law to emerge from the so-called ‘middle generation’ of Polish post-War jurisprudence. Kozak’s principal achievement was to break away from the analytical paradigm of legal theory, dominant in the in Poland at the time, and engage legal theory in a fruitful dialogue with contemporary sociology and philosophy, including such currents as social constructionism or postmodernism. To name his original theoretical project, Kozak coined a new term – ‘juriscentrism’ (juryscentryzm), consciously evoking Richard Rorty’s concept of ethnocentrism. Juriscentrist legal theory was mainly focused on providing legitimacy for the newly gained power of the legal community in a post-socialist society, but its theoretical resonance is universal. Kozak’s premature death made it impossible to complete the theoretical project of juriscentrism, nonetheless he managed to elaborate its main tenets, including the concept of juristic discretional power and a juriscentrist concept of law. Kozak’s legacy in contemporary Polish legal theory is particularly visible in Wrocław, where not only the post-analytical paradigm in Poland is the strongest, but also the first Polish school of critical legal theory has
阿图尔·科扎克(1960-2009)是战后波兰法理学所谓的“中间一代”中最具原创性和创新性的法律哲学家之一。科扎克的主要成就是打破了当时在波兰占主导地位的法律理论的分析范式,并将法律理论与当代社会学和哲学,包括社会建构主义或后现代主义等思潮进行了富有成效的对话。为了命名他最初的理论项目,科扎克创造了一个新词——“法理学”(juryscentryzm),有意识地唤起理查德·罗蒂(Richard Rorty)的种族中心主义概念。法理学法学理论主要侧重于在后社会主义社会中为法律界新获得的权力提供合法性,但其理论共鸣具有普遍性。科扎克的英年早逝使法理学的理论工程无法完成,但他设法阐述了法理学的主要原则,包括法律自由裁量权的概念和法理学的法律概念。科扎克在当代波兰法律理论中的遗产在Wrocław尤为明显,在那里不仅波兰的后分析范式是最强的,而且是波兰第一个批判法律理论学派
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引用次数: 6
Opałek and Ross on Directives and Norms: A Comparative Study Opałek和罗斯关于指令和规范的比较研究
IF 0.2 4区 社会学 Q3 LAW Pub Date : 2020-06-23 DOI: 10.1163/15730352-bja10007
Urszula Kosielinska-Grabowska
In his monograph Z teorii dyrektyw i norm [From the Theory of Directives and Norms] (1974) Kazimierz Opałek, apart from other issues, analyzes directives, optatives and evaluative statements as utterances belonging to the directive discourse and deals with a question of the logical-semantic status of the utterances. Opałek’s main critique concerns the logical-semantic status of the topic – the concept introduced by Alf Ross. Opałek demonstrates that directives cannot be represented by Ross’s formula: ‘d(T)’ (where d stands for the directive operator and T represents the neutral phrase, called ‘topic’). Polish legal theorist claims that the correct symbolic formula for directive structure is: ‘D(ut p)’. Such a formula for directive contains, besides the directive operator D, a sentence in a subjunctive mood, introduced by the ut- or utinam- connective clause.
Kazimierz Opałek在其专著Z teorii dyrektyw i norm(来自指令与规范的理论)(1974)中,除其他问题外,将指令、选项和评价性陈述作为属于指令语篇的话语进行了分析,并处理了话语的逻辑-语义地位问题。Opałek的主要批评是关于主题的逻辑语义状态——这个概念是由Alf Ross引入的。Opałek证明指令不能用Ross的公式来表示:' d(T) '(其中d代表指令操作符,T代表中性短语,称为' topic ')。一位波兰法律理论家声称,指示结构的正确符号公式是:“D(ut p)”。这样的指示式除了包含指示操作符D外,还包含一个虚拟语气的句子,该句子由ut-或utinam-连接从句引入。
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引用次数: 0
Jerzy Wróblewski’s Concept of Legal Interpretation in its Axiological and Epistemological Context Jerzy Wróblewski价值论与认识论语境中的法律解释概念
IF 0.2 4区 社会学 Q3 LAW Pub Date : 2020-06-23 DOI: 10.1163/15730352-04502002
Tomasz Bekrycht
The work of Jerzy Wróblewski has had a huge impact not only on the theory and philosophy of law, both in Poland and internationally, but also on the whole of ​​jurisprudence, especially the fields of doctrinal legal research and the practical application of the law (in particular on adjudication). The aim of this study is to present one of Wróblewski’s most influential concepts, namely the theoretical model of judicial interpretation, from the point of view of axiology and epistemology in the field of jurisprudence.
Jerzy Wróblewski的工作不仅对波兰和国际上的法律理论和哲学产生了巨大影响,而且对整个法理学产生了巨大影响,特别是在理论法律研究和法律的实际应用领域(特别是在裁决方面)。本研究旨在从法理学领域的价值论和认识论的角度,呈现Wróblewski最具影响力的概念之一,即司法解释的理论模型。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Review of Central and East European Law
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