Solar Energy最新文献_第5页

Local pressure distributions on a heliostat facet and its Strouhal number in turbulent flow 湍流中定日镜表面的局部压力分布及其斯特罗哈尔数

IF 6 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy

Pub Date : 2026-01-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2025.114267

Sahar Bakhshipour , Matthew J. Emes , Maziar Arjomandi

Wind load evaluation is one of the most critical tasks in design and operation of heliostats. Unlike most publicly available data on the global wind load coefficients, this study presents a detailed experimental investigation of local wind pressure distribution and force coefficients on a heliostat facet. The critical wind load coefficients and the Strouhal number of a heliostat at low (

I_{u}

= 1.8 %) and high (

I_{u}

= 14 %) turbulence flow are reported. To achieve this, the heliostat facet was divided into 24 segments, each equipped with a pressure sensor to measure pressure and facilitate calculation of local wind load coefficients at different elevation and azimuth angles. The results show that at some combinations of elevation and azimuth angles the local force coefficients significantly exceed the global force and moment coefficients reported in the literature, revealing previously unreported critical load cases. In contrast to earlier findings that suggest a linear increase in wind load coefficients with turbulence intensity above I_u ≥ 10 %, this study identifies a non-linear relationship at lower turbulence levels, underscoring the need to account for low-intensity turbulence effects in heliostat design. Additionally, the influence of both turbulence intensity and azimuth angle on the Strouhal number is examined, based on the temporal variation of the hinge moment coefficient, a combination not thoroughly addressed in prior studies. These findings provide valuable insights for improvement of heliostat structural design and layout, supporting more robust resistance to localised failures, and aerodynamic vibrations, ultimately enhancing performance and resilience under varying wind conditions.

风荷载评估是定日镜设计和运行中最关键的任务之一。与大多数关于全球风荷载系数的公开数据不同，本研究对定日镜表面的局部风压分布和力系数进行了详细的实验研究。报道了定日镜在低（Iu = 1.8%）和高（Iu = 14%）湍流条件下的临界风荷载系数和斯特罗哈尔数。为了实现这一目标，定日镜面被分成24个部分，每个部分都配备了一个压力传感器来测量压力，并便于计算不同仰角和方位角下的局部风荷载系数。结果表明，在仰角和方位角的某些组合下，局部力系数显著超过文献中报道的全局力和力矩系数，揭示了以前未报道的临界载荷情况。与早期的研究结果相反，该研究表明，在湍流强度高于Iu≥10%时，风荷载系数呈线性增加，而在较低的湍流水平下，风荷载系数呈非线性关系，强调了在定日镜设计中考虑低强度湍流效应的必要性。此外，基于铰链力矩系数的时间变化，研究了湍流强度和方位角对斯特劳哈尔数的影响，这一组合在先前的研究中没有得到充分解决。这些发现为定日镜结构设计和布局的改进提供了有价值的见解，支持更强大的局部故障抵抗和空气动力学振动，最终提高在不同风条件下的性能和弹性。

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引用次数: 0

Deep Q-learning driven pathway to multi-objective engineering of frontier semi-transparent CdTe photovoltaics 前沿半透明碲化镉光电器件多目标工程的深度q学习驱动路径

IF 6 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy

Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2026.114339

Erman Cokduygulular , Caglar Cetinkaya

In this study, a Deep Q-Learning-based, artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted multi-objective optimization framework was developed for the design of semi-transparent cadmium telluride (ST-CdTe) solar cells. The proposed approach integrates optical analyses based on the Transfer Matrix Method with photovoltaic simulations using SCAPS-1D to simultaneously optimize all layers in a multilayer CdTe-based solar cell with a dielectric/metal/dielectric (DMD) transparent contact. The Deep Q-Learning agent autonomously learned to balance the trade-off between maximizing photocurrent density and achieving the target average visible transmittance (AVT = 20%, 25%, 30%) through interactions within the simulation environment. Optical analyses revealed that strong electric field confinement and wave-guided photon trapping were preserved even in ultra-thin CdTe absorber layers (<150 nm). The integration of the MoO₃/Au/WO₃-based DMD transparent contact architecture not only maintained semi-transparency in the visible spectrum but also enhanced photon harvesting via internal optical reflection. SCAPS-1D results confirmed that the optimized structures achieved photovoltaic performance of V_oc ≈ 0.95 V, J_sc ≈ 20–21 mA cm⁻², and PCE ≈ 15.7%. These findings demonstrate that Deep Q-Learning-based AI systems can simultaneously optimize optical and electrical parameters, offering a physics-informed redefinition of the transparency–efficiency trade-off in ST-CdTe solar cells. The proposed method introduces a broadly applicable paradigm for AI-driven design in photonic and optoelectronic device engineering.

在这项研究中，开发了一个基于深度q -学习、人工智能（AI）辅助的多目标优化框架，用于设计半透明碲化镉（ST-CdTe）太阳能电池。该方法将基于传递矩阵法的光学分析与使用SCAPS-1D的光伏模拟相结合，同时优化具有介电/金属/介电（DMD）透明接触的多层cdte基太阳能电池的所有层。Deep Q-Learning智能体通过模拟环境中的相互作用，自主学习在最大化光电流密度和实现目标平均可见光透射率（AVT = 20%, 25%, 30%）之间取得平衡。光学分析表明，即使在超薄CdTe吸收层（<150 nm）中，也能保持强电场约束和波导光子捕获。基于MoO3/Au/ wo3的DMD透明接触结构的集成不仅保持了可见光谱的半透明性，而且通过内部光反射增强了光子的捕获。SCAPS-1D结果证实，优化后的结构实现了Voc≈0.95 V, Jsc≈20-21 mA cm−2,PCE≈15.7%的光伏性能。这些发现表明，基于深度q - learning的人工智能系统可以同时优化光学和电学参数，为ST-CdTe太阳能电池的透明度和效率权衡提供了物理信息的重新定义。提出的方法为光子和光电子器件工程中人工智能驱动设计引入了广泛适用的范例。

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引用次数: 0

Modeling and optimal dispatch of hybrid CSP-PV system considering central receiver operation mode 考虑中央接收机运行方式的CSP-PV混合系统建模与优化调度

IF 6 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy

Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2026.114318

Keman Lin , Kangxin Zhou , Xinrui Wang , Feng Wu , Linjun Shi , Yang Li

Developing renewable energy is crucial for China to achieve its ‘Dual Carbon’ goals. The integrated operation of concentrated solar power (CSP) plants and photovoltaic (PV) systems with electric heater (EH) provides a solution to minimize solar power curtailment. In this study, a two-timescale optimal dispatch strategy is proposed with a hybrid CSP-PV system, and a detailed model of the CSP plant which includes its central receiver (CR) operation mode is developed to improve the model accuracy. In the day-ahead stage, a stochastic optimal dispatch model incorporating the hybrid system is developed to account for the uncertainty of solar irradiation. An intra-day rolling optimal dispatch model including the CR operation mode is developed by adopting the proposed detailed model. The dispatch decision is adjusted on a rolling basis by integrating the intra-day ultra-short-term solar irradiation forecast with the day-ahead dispatch decision. The proposed approach is tested on the IEEE-30 bus system, and the results show that the proposed strategy guarantees the robustness of the dispatch decision with full consideration of the CR operation under the effect of short-term solar irradiation fluctuations. Furthermore, the hybrid system with the EH integration strengthens the coupling mechanism between the CSP and PV subsystems improving the efficiency and the solar energy accommodation capability.

发展可再生能源对中国实现“双碳”目标至关重要。聚光太阳能发电厂（CSP）和带电加热器（EH）的光伏（PV）系统的综合运行提供了一种最大限度地减少太阳能弃电的解决方案。本文提出了一种双时间尺度CSP- pv混合系统的最优调度策略，并建立了CSP电站的详细模型，包括其中央接收器（CR）的运行模式，以提高模型的准确性。在日前阶段，考虑太阳辐照的不确定性，建立了混合系统的随机最优调度模型。采用所提出的详细模型，建立了包含CR运行模式的日内滚动最优调度模型。将日内超短期太阳辐照预报与日前调度决策相结合，滚动调整调度决策。在IEEE-30总线系统上进行了测试，结果表明，在短期太阳辐照波动影响下，该策略在充分考虑CR运行的情况下，保证了调度决策的鲁棒性。此外，EH集成的混合系统加强了CSP和PV子系统之间的耦合机制，提高了效率和太阳能调节能力。

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引用次数: 0

Radiation degradation mechanisms of GaInP/GaAs heterojunction solar cells following proton, electron and sequential irradiation 质子、电子和序次辐照下GaInP/GaAs异质结太阳能电池的辐射降解机理

IF 6 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy

Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2026.114333

Kelun Zhao , Jiaming Zhou , Qiang Kang , Yanqing Zhang , Yang Liu , Xinyi Li , Chaoming Liu , Tianqi Wang , Zhongyu Li , Mingxue Huo

This study focused on the damage disparity and coupling effects of 2 MeV protons and 1 MeV electrons in irradiated GaInP/GaAs HJT solar cells. It was found that the V_oc, J_sc and EQE curve exhibited similar degradation levels at proton and electron fluences of 5 × 10¹¹ cm⁻² and 8 × 10¹⁴ cm⁻², respectively. An equivalency factor of R_ep = 1.55 was determined for the GaInP/GaAs HJT cell, resulting from the far greater displacement damage effectiveness of 2 MeV protons compared to 1 MeV electrons. DIV analysis showed that both J_diff and J_rec increased linearly with fluence, with J_rec being the dominant component. Defect analysis revealed that 2 MeV protons uniquely introduced the H₂ (E_v + 0.32 eV) defect. Despite these differences in specific defects, their overall impact on the SRH recombination lifetime was similar when compared at an equivalent displacement damage dose. Sequential irradiation experiments confirmed that the coupled damage did not introduce new defects but resulted in a linear superposition of the defects induced by individual irradiations, indicating no significant synergistic effect.

本文研究了2 MeV质子和1 MeV电子在辐照的GaInP/GaAs HJT太阳能电池中的损伤视差和耦合效应。结果发现，在5 × 1011 cm−2和8 × 1014 cm−2的质子和电子影响下，Voc、Jsc和EQE曲线分别表现出相似的降解水平。对于GaInP/GaAs HJT电池，等效系数为Rep = 1.55，这是由于2 MeV质子比1 MeV电子具有更大的位移损伤效能。DIV分析表明，Jdiff和Jrec均随通量线性增加，Jrec为优势成分。缺陷分析表明，2 MeV质子唯一引入了H2 （Ev + 0.32 Ev）缺陷。尽管在特定缺陷方面存在这些差异，但在等效位移损伤剂量下，它们对SRH重组寿命的总体影响是相似的。连续辐照实验证实，耦合损伤没有引入新的缺陷，而是导致单个辐照引起的缺陷线性叠加，没有显著的协同效应。

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引用次数: 0

Improving Thermal and Electrical Performance of PV Panels Using Leaf Vein Fins 利用叶脉翅片改善光伏板的热电性能

IF 6 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2026.114325

Yasser A. Jebbar , Mohammed Salih Hassan , Farhan Lafta Rashid , Arman Ameen , Ihab Hasan Hatif , Mohand Mosa Mohammad

The electrical performance of photovoltaic (PV) modules is strongly dependent on operating temperature, with elevated cell temperatures causing significant efficiency losses. Passive air-cooled heat sinks offer a sustainable alternative to active cooling systems; however, identifying fin geometries that maximise heat dissipation remains a key challenge. This study numerically investigates the thermal and electrical performance of PV panels integrated with leaf vein–inspired fins in four configurations: parallel-I (PAR-I), parallel-II (PAR-II), pinnate (PIN), and reticulate (RET). Three-dimensional CFD simulations were conducted using ANSYS Fluent to evaluate the effects of fin spacing (0.02–0.07 m), height (0.02–0.07 m), and thickness (0.002–0.007 m). All leaf vein fin configurations significantly enhanced heat dissipation compared with the uncooled PV panel. Among the investigated designs, the RET configuration provided the most effective cooling due to its branched geometry. The optimal RET geometry, 0.03 m spacing, 0.05 m height, and 0.006 m thickness, achieved a maximum temperature reduction of approximately 33.6 °C relative to the uncooled panel and increased PV efficiency from 12.04% to 14.19%, corresponding to a relative improvement of about 18%. These findings demonstrate that leaf vein–inspired fin architectures provide an effective, low-cost, and maintenance-free solution for passive thermal management of PV systems operating in hot climates. The associated efficiency gains also imply potential economic savings and reduced CO₂ emissions under hot-climate operating conditions.

光伏（PV）组件的电性能强烈依赖于工作温度，电池温度升高会导致显著的效率损失。被动式风冷散热器提供了主动冷却系统的可持续替代方案；然而，确定最大限度散热的翅片几何形状仍然是一个关键挑战。本研究数值研究了四种配置：平行- i （PAR-I）、平行- ii （PAR-II）、羽状（PIN）和网状（RET）集成叶脉启发鳍的光伏板的热学和电学性能。利用ANSYS Fluent软件进行了三维CFD仿真，评估了翅片间距（0.02 ~ 0.07 m）、高度（0.02 ~ 0.07 m）和厚度（0.002 ~ 0.007 m）的影响。与未冷却的光伏面板相比，所有叶脉翅片配置都显着增强了散热。在研究的设计中，由于其分支几何结构，RET配置提供了最有效的冷却。优化的RET几何结构（间距0.03 m，高度0.05 m，厚度0.006 m）与未冷却面板相比，最大温度降低了约33.6°C，光伏效率从12.04%提高到14.19%，相对提高了约18%。这些研究结果表明，叶脉式翅片结构为在炎热气候下运行的光伏系统的被动热管理提供了一种有效、低成本和免维护的解决方案。在炎热气候条件下，相关的效率提高也意味着潜在的经济节约和二氧化碳排放的减少。

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引用次数: 0

Optimal design and operation of a solar-based multi-energy system for precast concrete plants 预制混凝土厂太阳能多能系统的优化设计与运行

IF 6 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2026.114326

Xuhui Wang , Tongsheng Zhang , Donglai Yang , Peijia Zhang , Rongfu Zhang , Yang Ming , Jiangxiong Wei , Qijun Yu

Multi-energy complementary systems integrating renewable energy sources offer a promising pathway for achieving low-carbon production in precast concrete element plants. However, the intermittency of solar energy and the strong coupling between energy demand and strictly ordered production processes make efficient supply–demand matching challenging. In this study, a solar–electricity–aerothermal multi-energy complementary system tailored for precast concrete element plants is proposed. A two-stage optimization framework is developed to explicitly integrate production scheduling with energy system configuration, aiming to maximize solar energy utilization under realistic production constraints. A real precast concrete element plant is selected as the case study to verify the applicability of the proposed approach. The results indicate that the optimal configuration consists of a photovoltaic panel area of 3193 m², a solar thermal collector (STC) area of 1032 m², a heat storage tank volume of 26.5 m³, and an air-source heat pump (ASHP) capacity of 224.8 kW. After optimization, the lifecycle utilization efficiency of photovoltaic electricity increases by 41.9 %, while grid electricity consumption during peak hours decreases by 72.5 %. In addition, the contribution of thermal energy supplied by the STC increases by 33.3 %. Compared with a conventional energy system, the optimized system achieves reductions of 95.0–98.6 % in operating cost and 31.3–48.4 % in carbon emissions.

集成可再生能源的多能源互补系统为实现预制混凝土构件工厂的低碳生产提供了一条有希望的途径。然而，太阳能的间歇性和能源需求与严格有序的生产过程之间的强耦合使得有效的供需匹配具有挑战性。在本研究中，提出了一种适合于预制混凝土构件工厂的太阳能-电力-空气热多能互补系统。建立了一个两阶段优化框架，明确地将生产调度与能源系统配置相结合，在实际生产约束下实现太阳能利用最大化。以某实际预制混凝土构件厂房为例，验证了该方法的适用性。结果表明，最优配置为光伏板面积3193 m2，太阳能集热器面积1032 m2，蓄热罐容积26.5 m3，空气源热泵容量224.8 kW。优化后，光伏电力全生命周期利用效率提高41.9%，高峰时段电网用电量降低72.5%。此外，STC提供的热能贡献增加了33.3%。与常规能源系统相比，优化后的系统运行成本降低95.0 ~ 98.6%，碳排放降低31.3 ~ 48.4%。

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引用次数: 0

Enhanced photocatalytic disinfection with surface plasmon resonance effect in S-scheme heterojunction s型异质结表面等离子体共振效应增强光催化消毒

IF 6 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2026.114321

Bo Zhang , Xuanhui Lin , Jiale Li , Xiaohong Xu , Jiawei Xie , Qiuheng Wang , Ruya Ma , Zhao Mo , Xiuquan Xu , Hui Xu

Photocatalytic technology provides an efficient and direct solution for the eradication of pathogenic bacteria. However, the practical application of photocatalytic disinfection technology is facing severe challenges because of photogenerated carriers' low separation and transfer efficiency. Herein, we constructed a hierarchical photocatalyst (Ag/Cu-MgO/POCN) composed of Ag nanoparticles (Ag NPs), Cu-MgO and protonated oxygen-doped g-C₃N₄ (POCN), which exhibited superior photocatalytic inactivation of Escherichia coli (E. coli), completely inactivating 7 log CFU mL⁻¹ E. coli within 60 min under light. A set of comprehensive studies showed that Cu-MgO/POCN adopt S-scheme directional charge transfer to enable the efficient separation of photogenerated carriers, and the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect of Ag NPs could act as electron traps to facilitate the charge transfer efficiency. Furthermore, ultrafast electron transport could be achieved by SPR effect and S-scheme heterojunction cooperatively. The resonance of spin electron (ESR) and radical trapping results further confirmed that the synergistic action of superoxide radical (^•O₂⁻) and hydroxyl radical (^•OH) were key factors in photocatalytic inactivation, and ^•O₂⁻ was dominant. Finally, this study provided a new development perspective for the design of new photocatalysts.

光催化技术为病原菌的根除提供了一种高效、直接的解决方案。然而，由于光催化载体的分离和转移效率较低，光催化消毒技术的实际应用面临着严峻的挑战。在此，我们构建了由Ag纳米粒子（Ag NPs）、Cu-MgO和质子化氧掺杂g-C3N4 （POCN）组成的分层光催化剂（Ag/Cu-MgO/POCN），该催化剂对大肠杆菌（E. coli）表现出优异的光催化失活能力，在光照下60 min内完全失活7 log CFU mL−1大肠杆菌。一组综合研究表明，Cu-MgO/POCN采用S-scheme定向电荷转移实现了光生载流子的高效分离，Ag NPs的表面等离子体共振（SPR）效应可以作为电子陷阱提高电荷转移效率。此外，通过SPR效应和s型异质结的协同作用，可以实现超快电子输运。自旋电子共振（ESR）和自由基捕获结果进一步证实了超氧自由基（•O2−）和羟基自由基（•OH）的协同作用是光催化失活的关键因素，其中•O2−占主导地位。最后，本研究为新型光催化剂的设计提供了新的发展前景。

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引用次数: 0

Enhanced photocatalytic ability and antibacterial activity of novel ZrO2/BiOI nanocomposite prepared through solvothermal method 溶剂热法制备的新型ZrO2/BiOI纳米复合材料增强了光催化能力和抗菌活性

IF 6 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2026.114322

A. Surya Prabha , A. Matharasi , V. Vinisha , J. Jobisha , Reena Francy Biju , G. Hannah Priya , J. Arul Martin Mani , J. Mary Linet

In this work a novel ZrO₂/BiOI nanocomposite is synthesized through solvothermal method and is investigated through various characterisation techniques to study its properties in detail. Through XRD analysis the average crystallite size of the nanocomposite was found to be 46.62 nm. FE-SEM analysis revealed the nanoparticle-nanosheet morphology and the bandgap of the synthesized nanocomposite was found to be in the visible region when analysed through UV–Vis analysis. Through Raman analysis the vibrations in the composite were analysed and the presence of the functional groups were confirmed through FTIR analysis. XPS analysis confirmed the presence of the elements in the desired oxidation state in the nanocomposite. Reduction in the recombination rate as confirmed through PL analysis and increase in the surface area as evident through BET analysis account for the significant photocatalytic activity of the nanocomposite against Eosin Blue and Eosin yellow dyes under visible light. The synergistic interaction between ZrO₂ and BiOI has resulted in notable antibacterial efficacy against the four bacteria tested (E. faecalis, S. aureus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa). Thus, the synthesized nanocomposite is a feasible option for both pollutant degradation and antibacterial treatment.

本文通过溶剂热法合成了一种新型的ZrO2/BiOI纳米复合材料，并通过各种表征技术对其性能进行了详细的研究。通过XRD分析，纳米复合材料的平均晶粒尺寸为46.62 nm。FE-SEM分析表明，合成的纳米复合材料的纳米颗粒-纳米片形貌和带隙在可见光区，通过紫外可见分析发现。通过拉曼分析分析了复合材料的振动，并通过傅里叶红外分析证实了官能团的存在。XPS分析证实了纳米复合材料中存在所需氧化态的元素。通过PL分析证实复合速率的降低和BET分析表明的比表面积的增加是纳米复合材料在可见光下对伊红蓝和伊红黄染料具有显著光催化活性的原因。ZrO2与BiOI的协同作用对4种细菌（E. faecalis， S. aureus， E. coli， P. aeruginosa）均有显著的抑菌效果。因此，合成的纳米复合材料是污染物降解和抗菌处理的可行选择。

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引用次数: 0

Attention residual network with multi-scale convolution branch for efficient solar photovoltaic module defect classification 关注多尺度卷积分支残差网络对太阳能光伏组件缺陷的有效分类

IF 6 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2026.114323

Oluwatoyosi F. Bamisile , She Kun , Chiagoziem C. Ukwuoma , Dara Thomas , Chukwuebuka J. Ejiyi , Omosalewa Olagundoye , Olatomide Olugbenle , Olamide Olotu , Olusola Bamisile

Solar photovoltaic (PV) systems are increasingly deployed worldwide, intensifying the need for efficient and accurate defect detection methods that ensure long-term performance. Infrared thermography is widely used for PV inspection, yet existing deep learning methods face difficulties detecting small-scale anomalies, handling class imbalance, and maintaining stable performance under real-world thermal variability. This study introduces an Attention Residual Network with Multi-Scale Convolution Branch to capture fine- and coarse-scale features while enhancing robustness and gradient stability. The model was tested on varying solar PV datasets, including the Infrared Solar Modules dataset under binary and multi-class settings and the PV panel defect dataset. The proposed model achieved 0.968 accuracy and 0.981 ROC-AUC (binary) and 0.971 accuracy and 0.993 ROC-AUC (multi-class) for the Infrared Solar Modules dataset, while recording an accuracy of 0.975 and 0.949 kappa (binary), 0.973 accuracy and 0.955 kappa (3 classes) and 0.915 and 0.8950 kappa (6 classes) on the PV panel defect dataset. Ablation studies on the Infrared Solar Modules dataset demonstrated the individual contributions of multi-scale extraction, attention refinement, and residual learning, while Grad-CAM visualisations confirmed the interpretability of defect localisation. The results show that the proposed model offers an accurate, stable, and interpretable approach for infrared-based PV defect classification, supporting scalable deployment in automated inspection systems.

太阳能光伏（PV）系统越来越多地部署在世界各地，加强了对有效和准确的缺陷检测方法的需求，以确保长期性能。红外热成像广泛应用于PV检测，但现有的深度学习方法在检测小尺度异常、处理类不平衡以及在真实热变异性下保持稳定性能方面存在困难。该研究引入了一种多尺度卷积分支的注意残差网络，在增强鲁棒性和梯度稳定性的同时捕获精细和粗尺度特征。该模型在不同的太阳能光伏数据集上进行了测试，包括二进制和多类设置下的红外太阳能组件数据集和光伏板缺陷数据集。该模型在红外太阳能组件数据集上的精度分别为0.968和0.981（二值）、0.971和0.993（多类），在光伏板缺陷数据集上的精度分别为0.975和0.949 kappa（二值）、0.973和0.955 kappa（3类）、0.915和0.8950 kappa（6类）。红外太阳能模块数据集的消融研究证明了多尺度提取、注意力细化和残差学习的个人贡献，而Grad-CAM可视化证实了缺陷定位的可解释性。结果表明，该模型为基于红外的光伏缺陷分类提供了一种准确、稳定和可解释的方法，支持在自动化检测系统中的可扩展部署。

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引用次数: 0

Techno-economic analysis of PV-assisted alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on dynamic matching of electricity prices and solar irradiance 基于电价与太阳辐照度动态匹配的光伏辅助碱性水电解制氢系统技术经济分析

IF 6 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2026.114314

Zunbo Wang , Yong He , Jianghu Bai , Wanzhen Wang , Xiangzhou Cui , Zhongtao Liao , Wubin Weng , Zhihua Wang

This study proposes a novel dual-layer optimization framework that integrates time-of-use electricity pricing with solar irradiance forecasting to dynamically schedule hydrogen production via photovoltaic-assisted alkaline electrolysis (PV-ALE). When validated with industrial-scale data, the framework achieves a levelized cost of hydrogen (LCOH) of 4.46 $/kg at an annual output of 2,676 tons. Experimental results demonstrate a 72.6 % faster system response through hot-start operation and a 12 % reduction in startup energy consumption achieved via gradient loading. Sensitivity analysis identifies the discount rate and PV capacity factor as dominant cost drivers, indicating that a 20 % electricity price can lower the LCOH by 16.4 %. Technology learning curves suggest that costs could be reduced by up to 70 %, potentially reaching 2.5 $/kg by 2035. This work provides an empirically-grounded, coordinated “source-grid-load” model that offers a replicable pathway to overcome renewable intermittency and improve the commercial viability of green hydrogen.

本研究提出了一种新的双层优化框架，将分时电价与太阳辐照度预测相结合，通过光伏辅助碱性电解（PV-ALE）动态调度制氢。经工业规模数据验证，该框架在年产2,676吨的情况下实现了4.46美元/公斤的氢气平准化成本（LCOH）。实验结果表明，通过热启动操作，系统响应速度提高了72.6%，通过梯度加载，系统启动能耗降低了12%。敏感性分析表明，贴现率和光伏容量因子是主要的成本驱动因素，表明20%的电价可以使LCOH降低16.4%。技术学习曲线表明，到2035年，成本可能会降低70%，达到每公斤2.5美元。这项工作提供了一个基于经验的、协调的“源-电网负荷”模型，为克服可再生能源的间歇性和提高绿色氢的商业可行性提供了一个可复制的途径。

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引用次数: 0