Solar Energy最新文献_第6页

An Intra-Hour photovoltaic power generation prediction method for flexible building energy systems and its application in operation scheduling strategy 灵活建筑能源系统的小时内光伏发电预测方法及其在运行调度策略中的应用

IF 6 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy

Pub Date : 2024-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2024.113031

Yongyi Su , Weirong Zhang , Gaofeng Deng , Zhichao Wang

Building flexible energy systems (BFES) can be enhanced by introducing storage batteries. Providing timely scheduling strategies for flexible resources can improve the system’s energy utilization. BFES’s scheduling strategies are often adjusted based on Intra-hour photovoltaic(PV) output. Intra-hour PV power generation can be predicted by analyzing cloud imagery data; however, this method does not meet the economic requirements of BFES due to its cost and instrumentation. Therefore, this study proposes a low-cost method for intra-hour PV power generation prediction (IHP) for BFES and explores the impact of integrating this approach into BFES on the rate of renewable energy consumption. This method combined low-quality sky images captured using fisheye cameras installed above buildings with historical electricity generation data and employed convolutional neural networks. The feasibility of the IHP method and the advantages of incorporating it into BFES were verified by applying it to a building equipped with PV devices in Changping, Beijing. The performance of the proposed model algorithm was compared with those of existing models. The proposed method achieved average prediction accuracy improvements of 25.1 and 12.5 % compared with existing models under sunny and cloudy conditions, respectively. Under clear conditions, the model could predict the PV power generation within the next 25 min, whereas under cloudy conditions, the model could predict the power generation within 10 min. In addition, integrating IHP into the scheduling strategy of BFES can improve the renewable energy consumption rate by 44.4 % on the original basis.

建筑柔性能源系统（BFES）可通过引入蓄电池来增强其功能。为灵活资源提供及时的调度策略可以提高系统的能源利用率。楼宇柔性能源系统的调度策略通常根据每小时内的光伏发电量进行调整。小时内光伏发电量可通过分析云图像数据进行预测，但由于其成本和仪器设备的原因，这种方法无法满足 BFES 的经济要求。因此，本研究为 BFES 提出了一种低成本的小时内光伏发电量预测（IHP）方法，并探讨了将该方法集成到 BFES 中对可再生能源消耗率的影响。该方法结合了利用安装在建筑物上方的鱼眼相机拍摄的低质量天空图像和历史发电数据，并采用了卷积神经网络。通过将 IHP 方法应用于北京昌平一栋安装了光伏设备的建筑，验证了该方法的可行性以及将其纳入 BFES 的优势。将提出的模型算法性能与现有模型进行了比较。在晴天和阴天条件下，与现有模型相比，拟议方法的平均预测精度分别提高了 25.1% 和 12.5%。在晴天条件下，模型可预测未来 25 分钟内的光伏发电量，而在阴天条件下，模型可预测 10 分钟内的发电量。此外，将 IHP 纳入 BFES 的调度策略可在原有基础上将可再生能源消耗率提高 44.4%。

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引用次数: 0

A comparative experimental study on the hydrodynamic performance of two floating solar structures with a breakwater in waves 带防波堤的两种浮动太阳能结构在波浪中的水动力性能对比实验研究

IF 6 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy

Pub Date : 2024-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2024.113029

Yifeng Yang , Chenhao Mi , Binjian Ou , Anson Wong , John Gordon Duffy , Tim Wood , IKAP Utama , Wenchuang Chen , Luofeng Huang

Floating Photovoltaic (FPV) is considered as a highly promising clean energy solution. In recent years, FPV has been widely deployed in calm water around the world. However, to find available space for further expansion, FPV needs to be deployed in seas whilst the oceanic waves significantly influence the structural stability and energy performance. On one hand, wave loads may cause structural fatigue and damage. On the other hand, wave-induced rotations of a floating solar panel will vary its tilt angle to the sunlight and thus affect the power output. To explore the new research field of ocean-based FPV, this work first designed a novel catamaran FPV floater with a four-point mooring system. Comparative experiments were then conducted in a wave tank to compare its seakeeping ability with a conventional flat-plate floater. Besides, a breakwater structure was further introduced to enhance the stability of these two types of floaters. Detailed data on floater motions and mooring line forces were collected under monochromatic wave conditions. Extensive analysis was performed to evaluate the wave-mitigating performance of the breakwater, as well as the nonlinearity in the motion and force time histories. Overall, the work provides valuable experimental data and novel insights into the design of FPV floaters and breakwater protection, supporting long-term sustainability of FPV on the ocean.

浮动光伏（FPV）被认为是一种极具前景的清洁能源解决方案。近年来，FPV 已在世界各地的平静水域广泛部署。然而，为了找到进一步扩展的可用空间，FPV 需要部署在海洋中，而海浪会对结构稳定性和能源性能产生重大影响。一方面，波浪载荷可能导致结构疲劳和损坏。另一方面，波浪引起的浮动太阳能电池板旋转会改变其对阳光的倾斜角度，从而影响功率输出。为了探索基于海洋的 FPV 这一新的研究领域，本研究首先设计了一种新型双体 FPV 漂浮器，配有四点系泊系统。然后，在波浪槽中进行了对比实验，比较了其与传统平板浮筒的适航能力。此外，还进一步引入了防波堤结构，以增强这两种浮筒的稳定性。在单色波浪条件下，收集了浮筒运动和系泊线受力的详细数据。进行了广泛的分析，以评估防波堤的消浪性能以及运动和力时间历程的非线性。总之，这项工作为 FPV 浮筒和防波堤保护设计提供了宝贵的实验数据和新颖的见解，为 FPV 在海洋上的长期可持续性提供了支持。

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引用次数: 0

Generative heliostat field layout optimization and application based on an improved Harris Hawk Optimization algorithm 基于改进的 Harris Hawk 优化算法的生成式定日镜场布局优化与应用

IF 6 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy

Pub Date : 2024-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2024.113005

Xiang-Yu Yang, Bo Gao, Tao Huang, Kai Mao

This study proposes a pattern-free layout method for continuous generation and optimization of heliostat positions based on optical efficiency. Using annual weighted cosine efficiency as the objective function, the initial layout is generated through a continuous search from the optimal point of the entire field. This is followed by a secondary optimization and selection of all heliostats based on annual weighted optical efficiency. Points with efficiency above the threshold are retained, while low-efficiency points are discarded and re-entered into the search optimization until all eligible heliostat positions are identified, ultimately resulting in a highly efficient heliostat field. The efficiency improvement from the generative pattern-free layout optimization is primarily attributed to the initial search using annual weighted cosine efficiency, which enhances the annual weighted cosine efficiency of the field, and the secondary screening optimization, which improves shading and blocking efficiency. Compared to the original PS10 heliostat field, the annual weighted efficiency increased by 1.77%. Finally, two clustering-based pattern-free layout methods are proposed. The total distance from all points within a K-means cluster to the reference center is 58,238.1974 m, a reduction of 71.18% compared to the untreated original heliostat field. The method based on the Gaussian Mixture Model reduces the distance to the reference center by 66.90%. Classification based on optical efficiency reflects the overall distribution structure of the heliostat field’s optical efficiency, reducing the layout difficulty of pattern-free heliostat fields and providing feasibility for transforming theoretical research into practical engineering applications.

本研究提出了一种基于光学效率的无模式布局方法，用于定日镜位置的连续生成和优化。以年加权余弦效率为目标函数，通过对整个区域最佳点的连续搜索，生成初始布局。然后根据年度加权光学效率对所有定日镜进行二次优化和选择。效率高于阈值的点会被保留，而效率低的点会被舍弃，并重新进入搜索优化，直到确定所有符合条件的定日镜位置，最终形成高效的定日镜区域。无生成模式布局优化所带来的效率提升主要归功于使用年加权余弦效率的初始搜索（提高了日光浴场的年加权余弦效率）和二次筛选优化（提高了遮光和遮挡效率）。与最初的 PS10 定日镜场相比，年加权效率提高了 1.77%。最后，提出了两种基于聚类的无模式布局方法。K-means 聚类中的所有点到参考中心的总距离为 58,238.1974 米，与未经处理的原始定日镜场相比减少了 71.18%。基于高斯混合模型的方法则将与参考中心的距离缩短了 66.90%。基于光学效率的分类反映了定日镜场光学效率的整体分布结构，降低了无图案定日镜场的布局难度，为将理论研究转化为实际工程应用提供了可行性。

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引用次数: 0

Distribution and optimization of solar radiation in a solar greenhouse under the influence of wall shading 墙体遮阳影响下日光温室的太阳辐射分布与优化

IF 6 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy

Pub Date : 2024-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2024.113034

Lianhua Deng, Angui Li, Jigang Che

In this study, an indoor solar radiation calculation model was established to investigate the horizontal beam and diffuse radiation distributions in a solar greenhouse and their optimization under the influence of wall shading. According to the model calculation results, both the indoor horizontal beam and diffuse radiation were influenced by greenhouse wall shading. The closer the location was to the corner, the lower the received global solar radiation on a horizontal surface. From 08:00 to 16:00 in winter, the position of the solar energy maximum on the greenhouse ground surface gradually moved from southwest to southeast. Then, the concept of the solar radiation utilization efficiency was proposed to explain the indoor horizontal solar radiation distribution differences between the span and length directions. Finally, the horizontal solar radiation variation was studied via dimensionless analysis of greenhouse building parameters. A sloped soil surface was proposed to improve global solar radiation received by the soil surface. On the basis of the dimensionless analysis results, when the length-height ratio was less than 4, ranged from 4 to 10, or greater than 10, there was an obvious shade effect, a weak shade effect, or a negligible shade effect, respectively. At soil slopes of 2.5°, 5°, 7.5°, and 10°, the hourly mean value of the total solar radiation on the soil surface from 08:00 to 16:00 increased by 6 %, 11 %, 15 %, and 20 %, respectively, compared with the original value.

本研究建立了一个室内太阳辐射计算模型，以研究日光温室的水平辐射束和漫射辐射分布及其在墙体遮阳影响下的优化。根据模型计算结果，室内水平光束和漫射辐射都受到温室墙体遮阳的影响。位置越靠近墙角，水平面上接收到的全球太阳辐射就越低。从冬季的 8:00 到 16:00，温室地面上的太阳能最大值位置逐渐从西南向东南移动。然后，提出了太阳辐射利用效率的概念来解释室内水平太阳辐射在跨度和长度方向上的分布差异。最后，通过对温室建筑参数的无量纲分析，研究了水平太阳辐射的变化。提出了一种倾斜的土壤表面，以改善土壤表面接收到的全球太阳辐射。根据无量纲分析结果，当长高比小于 4、在 4 至 10 之间或大于 10 时，分别存在明显的遮阳效应、微弱的遮阳效应或可忽略不计的遮阳效应。当土壤坡度为 2.5°、5°、7.5° 和 10°时，8:00 至 16:00 土壤表面的太阳辐射总量的小时平均值分别比原始值增加了 6%、11%、15% 和 20%。

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引用次数: 0

Performance optimization of pulsating heat pipe integrated compound parabolic solar collector using hybrid Red Fox optimizer based DNN (DNN-Rdfx) 使用基于 DNN（DNN-Rdfx）的红狐混合优化器优化脉动热管集成复合抛物面太阳能集热器的性能

IF 6 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy

Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2024.113038

P. Vijayakumar , A. Gokul Karthik , R. Vijay , G. Kumaresan

Non-renewable energy usage has gradually increased over the past few decades, polluting the atmosphere. In the investigation, increasing the thermal performance of pulsating heat pipe-integrated compound parabolic solar collectors using hybrid Red Fox optimizer-based DNN. The heat transfer fluid varies the filling ratio, and nanoparticles add to the concentration level. The working fluids are titanium dioxide (TiO₂) and single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT), and the base fluid is deionized water. The filling ratio varies between 40, 50, and 60 % in pulsating heat pipe (PHP) system validation. Thermal resistance, thermal efficiency, and temperature are the experimental validation criteria for evaluating thermal performance. The Nano fluid combination of DIW + 100 ppm SWCNT + 100 ppm TiO₂ significantly outperforms other working fluid combinations. Temperature and thermal efficiency increase by adding nanoparticles to the heat transfer fluid and reducing the thermal resistance. During experimentation with a 60 % filling ratio, the maximum respective temperature, thermal efficiency, and thermal resistivity of 68.167 °C, 58.7 %, and 0.627 °C/W are observed at around 01:00p.m. The predicted and optimized filling ratio from DNN-RdFx is also nearly 60 %. For this optimum filling ratio, the algorithm predicted optimum thermal resistance, thermal efficiency, and temperature are 0.588 °C/W, 62.48 %, and 69.35 °C, respectively, which is predicted to be achieved around 01.18p.m. The confirmatory test readings around this time period got closer to the optimum results with less than 4 % error. The test result indicates the nanoparticles are increasing the thermal performance of the PHP.

过去几十年来，不可再生能源的使用量逐渐增加，对大气造成了污染。在研究中，利用基于混合红狐优化器的 DNN 提高了脉动热管集成复合抛物面太阳能集热器的热性能。导热流体的填充率不同，纳米颗粒的浓度水平也不同。工作流体为二氧化钛（TiO2）和单壁碳纳米管（SWCNT），基础流体为去离子水。在脉动热管（PHP）系统验证中，填充率在 40%、50% 和 60% 之间变化。热阻、热效率和温度是评估热性能的实验验证标准。DIW + 100 ppm SWCNT + 100 ppm TiO2 的纳米流体组合明显优于其他工作流体组合。通过在导热液体中添加纳米颗粒并降低热阻，温度和热效率都得到了提高。在填充率为 60% 的实验中，在下午 1:00 左右观察到的最高温度、热效率和热阻分别为 68.167 °C、58.7% 和 0.627 °C/W。在此最佳填充率下，算法预测的最佳热阻、热效率和温度分别为 0.588 °C/W、62.48 % 和 69.35 °C，预计将在下午 1 点 18 分左右实现。测试结果表明，纳米颗粒提高了 PHP 的热性能。

{"title":"Performance optimization of pulsating heat pipe integrated compound parabolic solar collector using hybrid Red Fox optimizer based DNN (DNN-Rdfx)","authors":"P. Vijayakumar , A. Gokul Karthik , R. Vijay , G. Kumaresan","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2024.113038","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2024.113038","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Non-renewable energy usage has gradually increased over the past few decades, polluting the atmosphere. In the investigation, increasing the thermal performance of pulsating heat pipe-integrated compound parabolic solar collectors using hybrid Red Fox optimizer-based DNN. The heat transfer fluid varies the filling ratio, and nanoparticles add to the concentration level. The working fluids are titanium dioxide (TiO<sub>2</sub>) and single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT), and the base fluid is deionized water. The filling ratio varies between 40, 50, and 60 % in pulsating heat pipe (PHP) system validation. Thermal resistance, thermal efficiency, and temperature are the experimental validation criteria for evaluating thermal performance. The Nano fluid combination of DIW + 100 ppm SWCNT + 100 ppm TiO<sub>2</sub> significantly outperforms other working fluid combinations. Temperature and thermal efficiency increase by adding nanoparticles to the heat transfer fluid and reducing the thermal resistance. During experimentation with a 60 % filling ratio, the maximum respective temperature, thermal efficiency, and thermal resistivity of 68.167 °C, 58.7 %, and 0.627 °C/W are observed at around 01:00p.m. The predicted and optimized filling ratio from DNN-RdFx is also nearly 60 %. For this optimum filling ratio, the algorithm predicted optimum thermal resistance, thermal efficiency, and temperature are 0.588 °C/W, 62.48 %, and 69.35 °C, respectively, which is predicted to be achieved around 01.18p.m. The confirmatory test readings around this time period got closer to the optimum results with less than 4 % error. The test result indicates the nanoparticles are increasing the thermal performance of the PHP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"283 ","pages":"Article 113038"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142553755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dynamic model and compensation circuit for solar array characteristics 太阳能电池阵列特性的动态模型和补偿电路

IF 6 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy

Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2024.113022

Kentaro Yokota, Hiroyuki Toyota, Shusaku Kanaya, Yu Miyazawa

Voltage control in spacecraft power systems relies on switching converters to regulate solar panel power. Traditional power controller design neglects the dynamic characteristics of solar arrays, impacting robustness. Solar Array Simulators (SASs) mimic static characteristics but differ dynamically. This paper proposes an equivalent circuit to simulate dynamic characteristics, enhancing the design reliability of power control systems and a compensation circuit for SASs to improve verification accuracy. Test results comparing solar arrays and SAS frequency characteristics are presented, followed by the proposed circuit’s design and validation using experiments and simulations. Results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed approach in capturing dynamic characteristics, thereby enhancing the reliability of both power control system design and SAS verification.

航天器电源系统中的电压控制依赖于开关转换器来调节太阳能电池板的功率。传统的电源控制器设计忽略了太阳能电池阵列的动态特性，从而影响了稳健性。太阳能电池阵列模拟器（SAS）模拟的是静态特性，但在动态特性上有所不同。本文提出了一种模拟动态特性的等效电路，以提高功率控制系统的设计可靠性，并提出了一种用于 SAS 的补偿电路，以提高验证精度。本文介绍了比较太阳能电池阵列和 SAS 频率特性的测试结果，随后介绍了拟议电路的设计，并通过实验和模拟进行了验证。结果证实了所提方法在捕捉动态特性方面的有效性，从而提高了功率控制系统设计和 SAS 验证的可靠性。

引用次数: 0

Application of Kalman filter for post-processing WRF-Solar forecasts over Metro Manila, Philippines 卡尔曼滤波器在菲律宾大马尼拉地区 WRF-Solar预报后处理中的应用

IF 6 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy

Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2024.113050

Shane Marie Visaga , Patric John Pascua , Leia Pauline Tonga , Lyndon Mark Olaguera , Faye Abigail Cruz , Rafael Alvarenga , Anthony Bucholtz , Angela Monina Magnaye , James Bernard Simpas , Elizabeth Reid , Sherdon Niño Uy , Jose Ramon Villarin

Day-ahead forecasts of global horizontal irradiance (GHI) from WRF-Solar were evaluated against GHI observations from a pyranometer deployed at Manila Observatory (MO; 14.64°N, 121.08°E), Metro Manila, Philippines for the January to March (JFM) and June to August (JJA) seasons in 2020. A clear sky detection method using the pyranometer GHI measurements is employed to enable forecast validation not just for overall performance but also for cloudy and clear sky periods separately. To potentially improve GHI forecasts, the WRF-Solar GHI values were postprocessed using a Kalman filter (KF) tested for different training days (i.e., from 3 to 42 days) to determine the optimal number of training days that minimize the RMSE. KF post-processing, with the shortest number of training periods (3 days), already provides an MBE (RMSE) reduction of 70 to 94 % (8 to 12 %). The optimal training period (14 for JJA; 42 for JFM) for filtered WRF-Solar GHI forecasts leads to an MBE (RMSE) reduction of at least 64 % (17 %) during cloudy periods. However, KF underestimates GHI values for clear sky periods because of reducing the bias of the dominantly cloudy periods over the site. Results from the study, the first of its kind to assess performance of WRF-Solar and KF over the Philippines, will serve as a basis for a computationally efficient alternative to more expensive higher resolution and multiple ensemble member solar forecasts. Future work intends to focus on applying this method over different topographies in the Philippines, given the availability of irradiance data.

根据部署在菲律宾大马尼拉市马尼拉观测站（MO；14.64°N，121.08°E）的高温计对 2020 年 1 月至 3 月（JFM）和 6 月至 8 月（JJA）两个季节的全球水平辐照度（GHI）进行了评估。使用高温计 GHI 测量的晴空探测方法，不仅可以验证整体预报性能，还可以分别验证多云和晴空时段的预报性能。为了改进 GHI 预报，使用卡尔曼滤波器（KF）对 WRF-太阳 GHI 值进行了后处理，测试了不同的训练天数（即从 3 天到 42 天），以确定最小均方根误差的最佳训练天数。KF 后处理的训练期最短（3 天），已将 MBE（RMSE）降低了 70% 至 94%（8% 至 12%）。滤波 WRF-Solar GHI 预报的最佳训练期（JJA 为 14 天；JFM 为 42 天）可使多云时段的 MBE（RMSE）至少减少 64%（17%）。然而，KF 低估了晴天时段的 GHI 值，因为减少了该站点上空多云时段的偏差。该研究是首次评估菲律宾上空 WRF-Solar 和 KF 性能的同类研究，其结果将作为计算效率高的替代方案的基础，以替代更昂贵的高分辨率和多成员集合太阳预报。考虑到辐照度数据的可用性，未来的工作打算侧重于将该方法应用于菲律宾的不同地形。

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引用次数: 0

An extensive study of the impact of graphene passivation on HTLs (PTAA and NiO) in MAPBI3 and Cs3Bi2I9-based inverted perovskite solar cells for thermal stability in SCAPS 1D framework 广泛研究石墨烯钝化对基于 MAPBI3 和 Cs3Bi2I9 的倒置包光体太阳能电池中 HTL（PTAA 和 NiO）的影响，以提高 SCAPS 1D 框架的热稳定性

IF 6 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy

Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2024.113043

Abdullahi Usman, Thiti Bovornratanaraks

An investigation of the modification of transport layers of inverted perovskite solar cells has been extensively studied as an interface layer, using various techniques to minimize recombination and improve hole and electron extractions, which is critical as it affects the cell’s performance. This research is aimed to passivate in the HTL/absorber interface by inserting graphene as a hole extraction layer to minimize the phase transition changes caused by vanadium dioxide (VO₂) interface from the experimental finding at low and high temperature resulting in unstable performance. The device is modeled and simulated using a solar cell capacitance simulator (SCAPS) based on the input parameters from the literature. The research objectives are to examine the impact of graphene in eight (8) configurations using two-hole transport layer (HTL) layers of poly[bis(4-phenyl) (2,4,6-trimethylphenyl) amine] (PTAA) and nickel oxide (NiO) in methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI₃) and cesium bismuth halide (Cs₃Bi₂I₉) devices from existing literature and a single bilayer electron transport layer (ETL) of PCBM/BCP. The device is further optimized where the impact of absorber thickness on recombination was explored, absorber doping densities, interface defects, operating temperatures, and series/shunt resistances within the ranges of 0.1––1 μm, 10¹¹-10¹⁸ cm⁻³, 10¹¹-1020 cm⁻³, 25 °C- 85 °C, default (0)-10 Ω-cm², and 500–5000 Ω-cm², respectively. Devices with graphene passivation demonstrated thermal stability at 85 °C compared to those of 25 °C, with power conversion efficiency (PCE) improvements from 10.43 to 12.71 % and 10.07 to 16.30 % for PTAA and NiO in MAPbI₃-based devices, respectively. For Cs₃Bi₂I₉-based devices, PCE values increased from 10.910 to 19.426 % and 7.21 to 13.930 % for the PTAA and NiO HTLs, respectively. These findings explore the potentials of graphene as the interface layer to replace VO₂ for charge carrier transport in an inverted p-i-n structures.

对倒置包晶体太阳能电池传输层改性的研究已作为界面层进行了广泛的研究，使用各种技术来最大限度地减少重组，改善空穴和电子萃取，这一点至关重要，因为它会影响电池的性能。本研究旨在通过插入石墨烯作为空穴萃取层，对 HTL/吸收器界面进行钝化处理，以最大限度地减少二氧化钒（VO2）界面在低温和高温下导致性能不稳定的相变。根据文献中的输入参数，使用太阳能电池电容模拟器（SCAPS）对该器件进行了建模和模拟。研究目标是检验石墨烯在八 (8) 种配置中的影响，这些配置使用了现有文献中的聚[双（4-苯基）（2,4,6-三甲基苯基）胺]（PTAA）和氧化镍（NiO）的双层空穴传输层（HTL），以及 PCBM/BCP 的单双层电子传输层（ETL）。对器件进行了进一步优化，分别在 0.1-1 μm、1011-1018 cm-3、1011-1020 cm-3、25 °C-85°C、默认 (0)-10 Ω-cm2 和 500-5000 Ω-cm2 的范围内探讨了吸收体厚度对重组的影响、吸收体掺杂密度、界面缺陷、工作温度以及串联/并联电阻。与 25 ℃ 的器件相比，石墨烯钝化器件在 85 ℃ 下具有热稳定性，基于 MAPbI3 器件的 PTAA 和 NiO 的功率转换效率（PCE）分别从 10.43% 和 10.07% 提高到 12.71% 和 16.30%。对于基于 Cs3Bi2I9 的器件，PTAA 和 NiO HTL 的 PCE 值分别从 10.910 % 增加到 19.426 % 和 7.21 % 增加到 13.930 %。这些发现探索了石墨烯作为界面层取代 VO2 在倒 pi-n 结构中进行电荷载流子传输的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Ultrathin perovskite solar cell based on Gires-Tournois resonator configuration with 27% theoretical efficiency 基于 Gires-Tournois 谐振器配置的超薄过氧化物太阳能电池理论效率达 27

IF 6 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy

Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2024.112997

Wei Dou , Zongkun Zhang , Ning Dai

Ultrathin photovoltaic devices hold significant potential for the efficient conversion of solar energy to electricity, offering the advantages of reduced material consumption and deposition time. The key challenge is to achieve high light absorption in ultra-thin layers while minimizing photocurrent losses. In this study, we introduce a strategy centered on super absorption in planar active layers. We have engineered an ultrathin perovskite solar cell featuring a 45-nm-thick absorption layer that exhibits an average absorptivity of 85 % within the visible light and a theoretical efficiency up to ∼ 27 % under certain conditions. This design employs a straightforward silver-backed mirror to enact an effective light-capture technique based on current perovskite solar cell configurations. The observed boost in visible light absorption is attributable to the potent super absorption of the Gires-Tournois resonator configuration. We further analyzed the impact of the built-in electric field on the recombination rate, noting that the enhancement in efficiency is attributed to the effective extraction of charge carriers. The effects of operating temperature and parasitic resistance on the performance of the device are evaluated. This assessment helps to understand how these factors influence efficiency and stability, providing insights for optimizing device design in practical settings.

超薄光伏设备具有减少材料消耗和沉积时间的优势，在将太阳能高效转化为电能方面潜力巨大。关键的挑战在于如何在超薄层中实现高光吸收率，同时将光电流损耗降至最低。在本研究中，我们介绍了一种以平面活性层的超强吸收为核心的策略。我们设计了一种超薄过氧化物太阳能电池，其吸收层厚度为 45 纳米，在可见光范围内的平均吸收率为 85%，在特定条件下的理论效率高达 ∼ 27%。这种设计采用了一种直接的银底反射镜，在目前的过氧化物太阳能电池配置基础上开发出一种有效的光捕获技术。所观察到的可见光吸收率的提高归功于 Gires-Tournois 谐振器配置的强大超吸收能力。我们进一步分析了内置电场对重组率的影响，注意到效率的提高归因于电荷载流子的有效提取。我们还评估了工作温度和寄生电阻对器件性能的影响。这项评估有助于了解这些因素如何影响效率和稳定性，从而为在实际环境中优化器件设计提供启示。

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引用次数: 0

Solid-solid PCM-based tree-shaped thermal energy storage system for solar cooling application 基于固体-固体 PCM 的树形热能储存系统，用于太阳能制冷应用

IF 6 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy

Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2024.113040

Nicola Bianco , Andrea Fragnito , Marcello Iasiello , Gerardo Maria Mauro

This manuscript presents a comprehensive analysis of a solar cooling system, integrating a latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) with an absorption chiller, alongside a solar collectors’ field. The LHTES employs solid–solid phase change material (PCM), while the solar collectors belong to the parabolic type. Real-case boundary conditions are derived through the thorough examination of the overall system, encompassing user demands and operational dynamics. In particular, the study evaluates two distinct building scenarios, i.e., modern, and outdated buildings, considering both existing and new structures, to assess the flexibility and adaptability of the LHTES system to varying cooling demands. The preliminary system analysis gives a set of boundary conditions for the subsequent storage sizing and numerical simulations. Building upon these insights, the manuscript introduces a novel storage design inspired by tree-shaped configurations. This design – numerically simulated through a finite element code – aims to enhance heat spreading throughout the solid–solid PCM and maximize latent heat exploitation, thereby improving overall system efficiency and performance. The sizing of the storage system results in 487.8 kg, and 382.0 kg, for the modern and outdated building, respectively, and storage efficiency reaches a value of 86.15 % and 71.84 % for the charging phase and 97.70 % and 98.21 % for the discharging one, respectively. These results demonstrate the high instantaneous heat rate of the proposed LHTES, leading to high efficiencies in the charging and discharging phases.

本手稿全面分析了太阳能冷却系统，该系统集成了潜热热能储存器（LHTES）和吸收式冷却器，以及太阳能集热器领域。潜热蓄热系统采用固-固相变材料（PCM），而太阳能集热器属于抛物线型。通过对整个系统进行全面检查，包括用户需求和运行动态，得出了真实情况下的边界条件。特别是，研究评估了两种不同的建筑场景，即现代建筑和陈旧建筑，同时考虑了现有建筑和新建筑，以评估 LHTES 系统对不同冷却需求的灵活性和适应性。初步的系统分析为后续的储能选型和数值模拟提供了一组边界条件。在这些见解的基础上，手稿介绍了一种受树形结构启发的新型存储设计。该设计通过有限元代码进行数值模拟，旨在加强整个固-固 PCM 的热扩散，最大限度地利用潜热，从而提高整个系统的效率和性能。储能系统的大小使现代建筑和老式建筑的储能系统分别达到 487.8 千克和 382.0 千克，储能效率在充电阶段分别达到 86.15 % 和 71.84 %，在放电阶段分别达到 97.70 % 和 98.21 %。这些结果表明，拟议的 LHTES 具有较高的瞬时热率，因此在充电和放电阶段都能实现较高的效率。

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