Solar Energy最新文献_第4页

Design and performance investigation of a mixed-mode solar dryer for efficient drying of different agricultural products: CFD simulations and experimental analysis 用于不同农产品高效干燥的混合模式太阳能干燥机设计与性能研究：CFD模拟与实验分析

IF 6 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy

Pub Date : 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2026.114330

Arafat Esam Abdullah Abdulmajeed , Azim Doğuş Tuncer , Afsin Gungor

Solar drying represents one of the most economical and energy-efficient methods for preserving agricultural products such as Yemeni grapes, bananas, apples, and tomatoes. In this work, a mixed-mode solar dryer (MSD) was designed, fabricated, and evaluated through both CFD simulations and experimental testing. The study integrates design, energy–exergy analysis, and CFD diagnostics to directly guide MSD geometry and operation for multi-crop drying. The system integrates a flat-plate solar air heater (FPSAH) and a drying chamber (DC), and its performance was assessed under various flow rates (0.013, 0.015, and 0.020 kg/s) and climatic conditions. Additionally, a v-grooved plate solar air heater (VPSAH) was modeled to compare temperature distribution and airflow behavior using ANSYS Fluent. CFD results showed that replacing FPSAH with VPSAH increased air temperature difference by 22.41 %. Experimental results indicated that the outlet temperature difference of the FPSAH decreased with increasing flow rate, yielding mean values of 22.06, 17.41, and 16.29 °C at flow rates of 0.013 kg/s, 0.015 kg/s, and 0.020 kg/s, respectively. At 0.015 kg/s, thermal and exergy efficiencies were 54.05 % and 21.62 %. Moisture contents of grapes, banana, tomato, and apple slices were reduced to 0.3193, 0.0368, 0.2142, and 0.04018 g water/g dry matter, respectively. Drying durations ranged from 6 to 32 h depending on the product. The MSD achieved drying efficiencies between 5.10 % and 44.62 %. This work demonstrates the potential of integrating numerical and experimental methods for optimizing MSD systems and improving post-harvest drying performance using renewable energy.

太阳能干燥是保存也门葡萄、香蕉、苹果和西红柿等农产品最经济、最节能的方法之一。本文设计、制造了一种混合模式太阳能干燥器（MSD），并通过CFD模拟和实验测试对其进行了评价。该研究集成了设计、能量-能量分析和CFD诊断，直接指导多作物干燥的MSD几何形状和操作。该系统集成了平板太阳能空气加热器（FPSAH）和干燥室（DC），并在不同流量（0.013、0.015和0.020 kg/s）和气候条件下对其性能进行了评估。此外，利用ANSYS Fluent对v型槽板式太阳能空气加热器（VPSAH）进行了建模，比较了温度分布和气流行为。CFD结果表明，用VPSAH代替FPSAH可使空气温差增大22.41%。实验结果表明，FPSAH出口温差随流量的增加而减小，在流量为0.013 kg/s、0.015 kg/s和0.020 kg/s时，其平均值分别为22.06、17.41和16.29℃。在0.015 kg/s时，热效率和火用效率分别为54.05%和21.62%。葡萄、香蕉、番茄和苹果片的水分含量分别降至0.3193、0.0368、0.2142和0.04018 g水/g干物质。干燥时间从6到32小时不等，取决于产品。MSD的干燥效率在5.10% ~ 44.62%之间。这项工作展示了整合数值和实验方法来优化MSD系统和改善使用可再生能源的收获后干燥性能的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Experimental study of hierarchically doped calcium carbonate particles for high-temperature thermochemical energy storage 分层掺杂碳酸钙颗粒高温热化学储能的实验研究

IF 6 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy

Pub Date : 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2026.114329

Fengyuan Chai, Kai Jiang, Xiangyu Xie, Peiwang Zhu, Gang Xiao

The thermochemical energy storage system (TCES) driven by the calcium looping is expected to enhance the efficiency of the next-generation concentrated solar power (CSP) plants. To address issues such as low optical absorption capacities of natural calcium-based materials, sintering and deactivation at high temperatures, and difficulties in forming high-strength particles, this paper synthesizes hierarchically doped calcium-based particles by a rolling forming method. The particles consist of an Al-rich core and a uniformly distributed outer shell containing four elements: Ca, Mn, Fe, and Mg. The particles exhibit an average solar absorptance of up to 90.41 % and a maximum mechanical compressive strength of 35.83 N. After a 120-hour attrition test, the particles exhibited a mass loss of only 4.05 %. In cyclic testing at 800°C, the conversion rate of the particles decreased by only 8.58 % after 10 cycles, remaining at 81.42 %, while the energy storage density decreased by only 102.91 kJ/kg. The heat storage characteristics of the prepared particles were evaluated with a sliding-bed particle receiver. Under total radiant power of 3.35 kW and an outlet flow rate of 0.85 g/s, the highest conversion rate of the calcination reaction reached 94.08 %, and the maximum outlet temperature of the particles reached 960.3°C. This work prepared high-performance hierarchically doped calcium-based particles, providing a reference for the application of TCES driven by calcium looping under solar radiation.

由钙环驱动的热化学储能系统（TCES）有望提高下一代聚光太阳能（CSP）电厂的效率。针对天然钙基材料光吸收能力低、高温烧结失活、形成高强度颗粒困难等问题，采用滚压成形方法合成了分层掺杂的钙基颗粒。颗粒由富铝核和均匀分布的含有Ca、Mn、Fe和Mg四种元素的外壳组成。颗粒的平均太阳吸收率高达90.41%，最大机械抗压强度为35.83 n。经过120小时的磨损试验，颗粒的质量损失仅为4.05%。在800℃的循环测试中，经过10次循环后，颗粒的转化率仅下降了8.58%，保持在81.42%，而储能密度仅下降了102.91 kJ/kg。用滑动床颗粒接收器对制备的颗粒的蓄热特性进行了评价。在总辐射功率为3.35 kW、出口流量为0.85 g/s的条件下，煅烧反应的最高转化率达到94.08%，颗粒的最高出口温度达到960.3℃。本工作制备了高性能的分层掺杂钙基粒子，为太阳辐射下钙环驱动TCES的应用提供了参考。

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引用次数: 0

Optical optimization of solar methane pyrolysis with secondary concentration 二次浓缩太阳能甲烷热解的光学优化

IF 6 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy

Pub Date : 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2026.114334

Mostafa Abuseada, Timothy S. Fisher

In this work, a unique direct solar methane pyrolysis process is optimized to improve yield and efficiency in producing solid graphite that conformally coats fibers in a porous carbon-felt substrate. A custom Monte Carlo Ray Tracing (MCRT) code is developed and experimentally validated to optimize the optical design of the methane decomposition process driven by a high-flux solar simulator. The optical optimization is achieved using a conical secondary concentrator that further increases solar concentration ratios in the reaction zone, allowing more intense radiative heat transfer to the porous carbon-felt substrate. Dimensions of the secondary concentrator are optimized based on MCRT numerical simulations to capture the highest irradiation in the reaction zone. The enhancement in solar power concentration resulting from the secondary concentrator is evaluated, and its improvements to the solar-thermal methane decomposition process are demonstrated over a range of processing parameters, with typical enhancements in chemical process conversions and yields that are a factor of 1.5 higher in comparison to results without the secondary concentrator under the same conditions.

在这项工作中，优化了一种独特的太阳能甲烷直接热解工艺，以提高固体石墨的产量和效率，这种固体石墨可以在多孔碳毡衬底上包覆纤维。为优化高通量太阳模拟器驱动下甲烷分解过程的光学设计，开发并实验验证了自定义蒙特卡罗光线追踪（MCRT）代码。光学优化是通过锥形二次聚光器实现的，该聚光器进一步增加了反应区的太阳集中比，从而允许更强的辐射热量传递到多孔碳毡衬底。在MCRT数值模拟的基础上，优化了二次浓缩器的尺寸，以捕获反应区的最高辐照。对二次聚光器提高太阳能集中度的效果进行了评估，并通过一系列处理参数证明了其对太阳能热甲烷分解过程的改进，与相同条件下没有二次聚光器的结果相比，化学过程转化率和产量的典型增强提高了1.5倍。

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引用次数: 0

Enhanced photocatalytic H2 evolution performance of a novel Co3O4/ZnIn2S4 composite photocatalyst 新型Co3O4/ZnIn2S4复合光催化剂增强光催化析氢性能

IF 6 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy

Pub Date : 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2026.114336

Yonghe Lao , Zenghua Zhao , Yuexin Hu , Yushen Zhang , Lei Shi

Non-noble metal Co₃O₄/ZnIn₂S₄ (COZIS) composite photocatalysts were prepared by compositing Co₃O₄ nanoparticles with ZnIn₂S₄ (ZIS) via solvothermal method. The incorporation of Co₃O₄ significantly enhanced the COZIS composite photocatalyst’s capability to effectively separate photo-induced charge carriers. The Co₃O₄/ZnIn₂S₄ composite demonstrated superior H₂ evolution performance in water splitting applications. With a Co₃O₄ content of 3 wt% (COZIS-3), it achieved a peak hydrogen generation efficiency of 8333.01 μmol h⁻¹ g⁻¹. Meanwhile, COZIS-3 composite photocatalyst could exhibit excellent hydrogen evolution performance in diverse aqueous environments and continuous cycling hydrogen evolution capacity, revealing promising practical applicability and exceptional cycling stability. Finally, the reaction mechanism of the Co₃O₄/ZnIn₂S₄ composite photocatalyst was elucidated based on experimental results and characterization analyses. A cost-effective methodology for photocatalytic system development is proposed, particularly for sustainable hydrogen production utilizing solar energy.

采用溶剂热法将Co3O4纳米颗粒与ZnIn2S4 （ZIS）复合制备非贵金属Co3O4/ZnIn2S4 （COZIS）复合光催化剂。Co3O4的加入显著增强了COZIS复合光催化剂有效分离光诱导载流子的能力。Co3O4/ZnIn2S4复合材料在水裂解应用中表现出优异的析氢性能。Co3O4含量为3 wt% （COZIS-3）时，产氢效率峰值为8333.01 μmol h−1 g−1。同时，COZIS-3复合光催化剂能够在多种水环境中表现出优异的析氢性能和连续循环析氢能力，具有良好的实用性和优异的循环稳定性。最后，结合实验结果和表征分析，阐明了Co3O4/ZnIn2S4复合光催化剂的反应机理。提出了一种具有成本效益的光催化系统开发方法，特别是利用太阳能可持续制氢。

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引用次数: 0

Machine learning guided optimization of lead free K2TlSbCl6/Na2ScAuI6 dual absorber double perovskite solar cells 机器学习指导下无铅K2TlSbCl6/Na2ScAuI6双吸收体双钙钛矿太阳能电池的优化

IF 6 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy

Pub Date : 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2026.114348

Asadul Islam Shimul , Bipul Chandra Biswas , Laboni Rani Keya , Sahjahan Islam , Md.Azizur Rahman , Karim KRIAA , Mohamed Benghanem , Noureddine Elboughdiri

This research examines a dual absorber double perovskite layer (DADPL) arrangement that integrates K₂TlSbCl₆ and Na₂ScAuI₆, evaluated by SCAPS-1D simulations. The proposed device incorporates eight electron transport layers (ETLs) and eight hole transport layers (HTLs), which were systematically examined across four device topologies, resulting in a total of 88 unique layer combinations. Findings demonstrate that the integration of HTL significantly improves charge extraction and diminishes recombination losses, resulting in superior photovoltaic performance relative to single-layer perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The impacts of layer thickness, doping concentrations, and defect densities were thoroughly analyzed. The optimized DADPL attained a peak PCE of 27.26 %, whilst single absorbers achieved 23.16 % and 22.58 % respectively. The Al/FTO/WS₂/(K₂TlSbCl₆/Na₂ScAuI₆)/V₂O₅/Ni configuration achieved the highest efficiency of 30.16 %, with a V_OC of 0.99 V, a J_SC of 34.59 mA/cm², and an FF of 87.85 %. A machine learning (ML)-based prediction framework was developed to accurately estimate and anticipate photovoltaic performance, complementing simulation results. Five regression methods were trained and validated using SCAPS-1D datasets. The Random Forest Regressor exhibited superior predictive performance, attaining R² > 0.97 across all evaluation metrics with negligible error margins. Feature importance and SHAP analysis indicated that absorber doping density is the primary factor influencing device efficiency. Additional diagnostic plots and ROC-AUC evaluations validated the model’s little bias, strong classification capability, and excellent reliability across various performance levels. These findings illustrate the capability of combining DADPL perovskites with ML-assisted modeling for the swift enhancement of high-efficiency, economical PSCs.

本研究考察了一种双吸收剂双钙钛矿层（DADPL）布置，该布置集成了K2TlSbCl6和Na2ScAuI6，并通过SCAPS-1D模拟进行了评估。该器件包含8个电子传输层（ETLs）和8个空穴传输层（HTLs），在4种器件拓扑中对其进行了系统检查，总共得到88个独特的层组合。研究结果表明，HTL的集成显著改善了电荷提取，减少了复合损失，从而使光伏性能优于单层钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSCs）。深入分析了层厚、掺杂浓度和缺陷密度的影响。优化后的双吸光体峰值PCE为27.26%，单吸光体峰值PCE分别为23.16%和22.58%。Al/FTO/WS2/(K2TlSbCl6/Na2ScAuI6)/V2O5/Ni结构的效率最高，为30.16%，VOC为0.99 V， JSC为34.59 mA/cm2， FF为87.85%。开发了基于机器学习（ML）的预测框架，以准确估计和预测光伏性能，补充模拟结果。使用SCAPS-1D数据集对五种回归方法进行了训练和验证。随机森林回归器表现出优越的预测性能，在所有评估指标中达到R2 >； 0.97，误差范围可以忽略不计。特征重要性和SHAP分析表明，吸收剂掺杂密度是影响器件效率的主要因素。附加的诊断图和ROC-AUC评估验证了该模型的小偏差、强分类能力和跨各种性能水平的出色可靠性。这些发现说明了将DADPL钙钛矿与ml辅助建模相结合的能力，可以快速增强高效，经济的psc。

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引用次数: 0

Corrosion resistance of heat-treated alumina-forming austenitic steels in high-temperature molten NaCl–MgCl2–KCl 热处理铝形成奥氏体钢在高温NaCl-MgCl2-KCl熔液中的耐蚀性

IF 6 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy

Pub Date : 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2026.114344

Liuxin Wang , Sijie Liu , Jiale Huang , Ping Yu , Mengyu Gao , Yang Si , Fangfang Ge , Bingsheng Li

The molten chloride salt corrosion behavior of two heat-treated aluminum-containing austenitic (AFA) alloys, designated AFA1 (18Ni–14Cr–3Al) and AFA2 (25Ni–14Cr–3Al), was investigated at 700 °C in a NaCl–MgCl₂–KCl (30.2–47.1–22.7 mol%) environment. A solution treatment of 1130 °C/1h followed by 700 °C/24 h aging was employed to precipitate secondary phases, including B2-NiAl, Laves, and NbC, which were characterized along with corrosion depth using scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy. The heat treatment significantly influenced the protective nature of the surface oxide scale. A less compact composite MgCr₂O₄ spinel was formed. Despite this, both heat-treated AFA alloys demonstrated superior long-term resistance, with corrosion depths of less than 100 μm after 400 h. This performance markedly exceeds that of commercial 316 L stainless steel, which exhibited a corrosion depth of 260.1 μm under the identical condition. The underlying corrosion mechanisms are discussed.

研究了AFA1 （18Ni-14Cr-3Al）和AFA2 （25Ni-14Cr-3Al）两种热处理含铝奥氏体（AFA）合金在NaCl-MgCl2-KCl （30.2-47.1-22.7 mol%）环境下700℃的熔盐腐蚀行为。1130°C/1h固溶后700°C/24 h时效可析出B2-NiAl、Laves和NbC等次生相，通过扫描电镜和能量色散光谱对这些次生相进行了表征。热处理对表面氧化皮的保护性能有显著影响。形成致密度较低的复合MgCr2O4尖晶石。尽管如此，两种热处理的AFA合金都表现出优异的长期耐蚀性，400 h后腐蚀深度小于100 μm，这一性能明显超过了在相同条件下腐蚀深度为260.1 μm的商用316 L不锈钢。讨论了潜在的腐蚀机制。

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引用次数: 0

Frequency domain enhanced transformer network for robust photovoltaic power prediction 基于频域增强变压器网络的光伏发电稳健性预测

IF 6 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy

Pub Date : 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2026.114358

Guojin Si , Min Xie , Feng Luo , Tangbin Xia , Lifeng Xi

Accurate photovoltaic (PV) power prediction is critical for grid stability, yet existing deep learning methods often struggle to capture complex frequency dependencies in volatile weather conditions. To address this challenge, this study proposes a Frequency-domain Enhanced Transformer Network (FETN) designed for both single-step and multi-step PV power prediction. The FETN synergistically integrates a channel-independent Transformer architecture with a hybrid time–frequency loss function. Specifically, the architecture treats each multivariate time series variable, including irradiance, temperature, and humidity, as an independent token processed by a dedicated Transformer branch. Furthermore, the hybrid loss function incorporates a frequency-domain attention mechanism to extract periodic features often overlooked by time-domain approaches. Validated using real-world datasets from Australia, FETN is compared against benchmarks, including traditional recurrent models, hybrid deep learning models like Transformer and iTransformer variants. The results reveal that FETN outperforms the best baseline, reducing the average Mean Absolute Error (MAE) by 6.9% and Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) by 1.9% in multi-step forecasting tasks. Qualitatively, FETN demonstrates robustness in tracking rapid power fluctuations. The strategic synthesis of the channel-independent Transformer with a hybrid loss function enables FETN to offer a highly accurate solution for PV power prediction, advancing the practical viability of renewable energy integration.

准确的光伏发电（PV）功率预测对电网稳定性至关重要，但现有的深度学习方法往往难以在多变的天气条件下捕捉复杂的频率依赖关系。为了应对这一挑战，本研究提出了一种用于单步和多步光伏功率预测的频域增强型变压器网络（FETN）。FETN协同集成了信道无关的变压器架构和混合时频损失函数。具体来说，该体系结构将每个多变量时间序列变量（包括辐照度、温度和湿度）视为由专用Transformer分支处理的独立令牌。此外，混合损失函数结合频域注意机制来提取常被时域方法忽略的周期性特征。使用来自澳大利亚的真实数据集进行验证，将FETN与基准进行比较，包括传统的循环模型、混合深度学习模型（如Transformer和iTransformer变体）。结果表明，在多步预测任务中，FETN优于最佳基线，平均平均绝对误差（MAE）降低6.9%，均方根误差（RMSE）降低1.9%。定性地说，FETN在跟踪快速功率波动方面表现出鲁棒性。具有混合损耗函数的通道独立变压器的战略综合使FETN能够为光伏发电预测提供高度精确的解决方案，从而提高可再生能源集成的实际可行性。

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引用次数: 0

Comparative assessment of irradiance simulation tools for Building-Integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) systems design 建筑一体化光伏（BIPV）系统设计中辐照度模拟工具的比较评估

IF 6 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy

Pub Date : 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2025.114281

Hamideh Hossei , Kyoung Hee Kim , Parham Kheirkhah Sangdeh

Accurate irradiance prediction is crucial for the effective design and performance assessment of BIPVs. This study compares the irradiance outputs of six simulation tools—ClimateStudio, Ladybug, DesignBuilder, Revit Insight, PVGIS, and PVWatts—using a polyhedron geometry designed to represent various BIPV typologies across 26 U.S. locations. Using PVWatts as the benchmark, the Absolute Bias Deviation (ABD) of each tool was calculated relative to the benchmark output. A multi-factor ANOVA was then applied to evaluate the influence of geographic location, surface orientation, installation angle, and tool selection on irradiance prediction differences. The ANOVA results indicated significant effects for all investigated factors (location p < 3.84E-54, orientation p < 1.61E-06, installation angle p < 5.08E-47, and tool p < 8.82E-61). This indicates that all four factors are dominant drivers of the observed prediction deviation. A sensitivity analysis further evaluated each tool’s stability under variations in temporal resolution, material definitions, and weather file version. Geometric ray-tracing tools (ClimateStudio and Ladybug) showed the highest sensitivity to temporal inputs, whereas DesignBuilder, PVWatts and PVGIS exhibited negligible temporal sensitivity. Weather file version was the most influential parameter across all tools, resulting in substantial changes in the predicted irradiance values across all tools. Finally, a weighted qualitative assessment compared all tools in terms of modeling flexibility, visualization capabilities, integration features, and computational efficiency, providing a practical framework for tool selection in BIPV design.

准确的辐照度预测对于bipv的有效设计和性能评估至关重要。本研究比较了六个模拟工具（climatestudio、Ladybug、DesignBuilder、Revit Insight、PVGIS和pvwatts）的辐照度输出，使用多面体几何结构来代表美国26个地点的各种BIPV类型。以PVWatts为基准，计算各工具相对于基准输出的绝对偏置偏差（ABD）。然后应用多因素方差分析来评估地理位置、表面朝向、安装角度和工具选择对辐照度预测差异的影响。方差分析结果显示，所有调查因素（位置p <； 3.84E-54、取向p <； 1.61E-06、安装角度p <； 5.08E-47和工具p <； 8.82E-61）均有显著影响。这表明这四个因素都是观测到的预测偏差的主要驱动因素。灵敏度分析进一步评估了每种工具在时间分辨率、材料定义和天气文件版本变化下的稳定性。几何光线追踪工具（ClimateStudio和Ladybug）对时间输入的灵敏度最高，而DesignBuilder、PVWatts和PVGIS的时间灵敏度可以忽略不计。天气文件版本是所有工具中最具影响力的参数，导致所有工具的预测辐照度值发生实质性变化。最后，对所有工具在建模灵活性、可视化能力、集成特性和计算效率方面进行了加权定性评估，为BIPV设计中的工具选择提供了一个实用的框架。

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引用次数: 0

Airborne dust-induced performance degradation of photovoltaic modules in Bangladesh 孟加拉国空气粉尘引起的光伏组件性能退化

IF 6 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy

Pub Date : 2026-01-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2026.114331

Afrina Sharmin, Shahran Ahmed Joy, Munira Sultana, Md.Rashed Alam, M.S. Bashar

For dry and densely populated areas, dust deposition on the outdoor PV cells reduces the transparent area considerably, thereby lowering the efficiency of electric power generation. This paper brings forth a new approach involving natural dust deposition, incorporating both field testing as well as indoor testing for the tropical conditions of Dhaka, Bangladesh. This method differs from past research related to artificial or uniform dust deposition on PV cells, allowing for a more practical simulation of realistic dust deposition in the atmosphere. The parameters for experimentation were tested under Standard Test Conditions (25 °C, 1000 W/m²) with a precise solar simulator for high accuracy, similar to practical conditions. There was a considerable fall of about 28% in the short-circuit current (I_sc) for dusty PV cells. Additionally, the maximum power point (P_mp) reduced to a level of 172–232 W, compared to a fall to 235–238 W for clean PV cells. The highest dust concentration was measured to be 23.76 g/m² in November, causing efficiency loss of more than 27%. Efficiency loss was further reflected through a fall in the Fill Factor, measured between 72–76%, with a corresponding fall from 15.96% efficiency for clean PV cells to 11.82% efficiency for dusty PV cells. Current-voltage (I-V) curves showed a reduced area for dust-covered PV cells, indicating a more realistic simulation of efficiency loss through natural dust deposition as against the general simulation approach.

在干燥和人口密集的地区，室外光伏电池上的灰尘沉积会大大减少透明面积，从而降低发电效率。本文提出了一种涉及自然粉尘沉积的新方法，结合了孟加拉国达卡热带条件下的现场测试和室内测试。这种方法不同于过去有关光伏电池上人工或均匀粉尘沉积的研究，允许更实际地模拟大气中真实的粉尘沉积。实验参数在标准测试条件下（25°C, 1000 W/m2），高精度太阳模拟器进行测试，与实际条件相似。含尘光伏电池的短路电流（Isc）下降了28%左右。此外，与清洁光伏电池的最大功率点（Pmp）下降到235-238 W相比，最大功率点（Pmp）降低到172-232 W。11月测得最高粉尘浓度为23.76 g/m2，效率损失达27%以上。效率损失进一步反映在填充系数的下降上，测量值在72-76%之间，相应的，清洁光伏电池的效率从15.96%下降到含尘光伏电池的11.82%。电流-电压（I-V）曲线显示灰尘覆盖的光伏电池面积减小，表明与一般模拟方法相比，通过自然粉尘沉积更真实地模拟效率损失。

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引用次数: 0

Improving the effectiveness of photovoltaic thermal systems with nanofluids and NePCM in tropical climates 利用纳米流体和NePCM提高热带气候下光伏热系统的有效性

IF 6 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy

Pub Date : 2026-01-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2026.114337

Singgih Dwi Prasetyo

This manuscript examines advancements in photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) systems enhanced with nanofluids and phase change materials (PCMs), with a focus on identifying research gaps and promoting commercial viability. A systematic literature review synthesizes findings from 50 empirical studies, highlighting substantial thermal and electrical improvements associated with the integration of these technologies in diverse operational contexts, particularly in tropical environments. The analysis reveals that thermal efficiency gains range from 5% in minimally optimized configurations to 72% in systems utilizing advanced hybrid nanofluids and conductivity-enhanced NePCM. Electrical efficiency improvements consistently fall between 5% and 12%, primarily attributed to reduced panel temperatures and enhanced heat removal. Notably, tropical regions are shown to achieve average thermal gains exceeding 25%, with peak values surpassing 60% under high-irradiation conditions. The study highlights critical future research directions, including the standardization of nanoparticle synthesis protocols, the expansion of long-term stability assessments, and the optimization of nanofluid formulations that balance heat transfer with pumping power. The integration of hybrid renewable systems and circular economy models for nanoparticle production also warrants further exploration. By outlining these findings and recommendations, this manuscript informs ongoing research efforts and establishes a comprehensive agenda for future investigations aimed at maximizing the performance and sustainability of PV/T systems. Ultimately, the insights provided in this review help bridge the gap between laboratory advancements and real-world applications, thereby fostering the adoption of innovative thermal-enhancement technologies in the energy sector.

本文研究了纳米流体和相变材料（PCMs）增强的光伏/热（PV/T）系统的进展，重点是确定研究差距和促进商业可行性。一项系统的文献综述综合了50项实证研究的结果，强调了在不同的操作环境中，特别是在热带环境中，与这些技术的整合相关的大量热电改进。分析表明，热效率的提高范围从最低优化配置的5%到使用先进的混合纳米流体和电导率增强的NePCM系统的72%。电气效率的提高一直在5%到12%之间，这主要归功于面板温度的降低和散热的增强。值得注意的是，热带地区的平均热增益超过25%，在高辐照条件下的峰值超过60%。该研究强调了未来关键的研究方向，包括纳米颗粒合成方案的标准化，长期稳定性评估的扩展，以及平衡传热和泵送功率的纳米流体配方的优化。纳米颗粒生产的混合可再生系统和循环经济模型的整合也值得进一步探索。通过概述这些发现和建议，本文为正在进行的研究工作提供了信息，并为未来的研究建立了一个全面的议程，旨在最大限度地提高光伏/T系统的性能和可持续性。最终，本综述提供的见解有助于弥合实验室进展与实际应用之间的差距，从而促进能源部门采用创新的热增强技术。

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引用次数: 0