Solar Energy最新文献_第2页

The future of photovoltaic energy potential in Africa under higher emission scenarios: Insights from CMIP6 multi-model ensemble analysis 更高的排放情景下非洲光伏能源潜力的未来：CMIP6 多模型集合分析的启示

IF 6 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy

Pub Date : 2024-11-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2024.113078

Paul Adigun , Akinwale T. Ogunrinde , Koji Dairaku , Adeyemi A Adebiyi , Xue Xian

The African continent is endowed with vast solar energy potential, yet the impacts of climate change on renewable energyresource remain poorly understood. This study comprehensively assesses the projected changes in key climate and solar energy parameters over Africa using an ensemble of 40 models from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6). Our analysis reveals a significant warming trend across the continent, with temperature increases ranging from 1.0 °C to 5.0 °C by the end of the century, depending on the emissions scenario. Concurrently, we also project a decrease in solar irradiance of up to 10 W/m² under high emission scenarios in parts of West, Central, East and Sahara regions of Africa, coupled with a neutral/slight increase in cloud cover of up to 3 %. These changes are expected to reduce the performance ratio (Pr) of photovoltaic systems by 2–4 % and decrease the photovoltaic potential (PVP) by as much as 15 %, particularly in the Sahara, West, and Central Africa regions. Seasonal analysis further highlights the complex spatial and temporal patterns of these changes, with the most pronounced decreases in PVP occurring during the summer and autumn seasons under high-emission scenarios. These findings underscore the critical need for targeted adaptation strategies to ensure the resilience of Africa’s solar energy sector in the face of a rapidly changing climate.

非洲大陆拥有巨大的太阳能潜力，但人们对气候变化对可再生能源的影响仍然知之甚少。本研究利用耦合模式相互比较项目第 6 阶段（CMIP6）的 40 个模式集合，全面评估了非洲主要气候和太阳能参数的预测变化。我们的分析揭示了整个非洲大陆的显著变暖趋势，根据不同的排放情景，到本世纪末气温将上升 1.0 ℃ 至 5.0 ℃。同时，我们还预测，在高排放情景下，非洲西部、中部、东部和撒哈拉地区部分地区的太阳辐照度将下降达 10 瓦/平方米，同时云量将中性或轻微增加达 3%。预计这些变化将使光伏系统的性能比 (Pr) 降低 2-4%，光伏潜力 (PVP) 降低 15%，尤其是在撒哈拉、西非和中非地区。季节分析进一步凸显了这些变化的复杂时空模式，在高排放情景下，夏季和秋季的光生伏打潜能值下降最为明显。这些研究结果突出表明，面对快速变化的气候，亟需制定有针对性的适应战略，以确保非洲太阳能行业的恢复能力。

{"title":"The future of photovoltaic energy potential in Africa under higher emission scenarios: Insights from CMIP6 multi-model ensemble analysis","authors":"Paul Adigun , Akinwale T. Ogunrinde , Koji Dairaku , Adeyemi A Adebiyi , Xue Xian","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2024.113078","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2024.113078","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The African continent is endowed with vast solar energy potential, yet the impacts of climate change on renewable energyresource remain poorly understood. This study comprehensively assesses the projected changes in key climate and solar energy parameters over Africa using an ensemble of 40 models from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6). Our analysis reveals a significant warming trend across the continent, with temperature increases ranging from 1.0 °C to 5.0 °C by the end of the century, depending on the emissions scenario. Concurrently, we also project a decrease in solar irradiance of up to 10 W/m<sup>2</sup> under high emission scenarios in parts of West, Central, East and Sahara regions of Africa, coupled with a neutral/slight increase in cloud cover of up to 3 %. These changes are expected to reduce the performance ratio (Pr) of photovoltaic systems by 2–4 % and decrease the photovoltaic potential (PVP) by as much as 15 %, particularly in the Sahara, West, and Central Africa regions. Seasonal analysis further highlights the complex spatial and temporal patterns of these changes, with the most pronounced decreases in PVP occurring during the summer and autumn seasons under high-emission scenarios. These findings underscore the critical need for targeted adaptation strategies to ensure the resilience of Africa’s solar energy sector in the face of a rapidly changing climate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"285 ","pages":"Article 113078"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142706465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Design and performance evaluation of eco-friendly Ba(Zr0.95Ti0.05)S3/MASnI3 based perovskite solar cells utilize a variety of hole and electron transport materials 利用多种空穴和电子传输材料设计环保型 Ba(Zr0.95Ti0.05)S3/MASnI3 型过氧化物太阳能电池并进行性能评估

IF 6 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy

Pub Date : 2024-11-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2024.113098

Md. Earshad Ali, Md. Mahfuzul Haque

This research is a comprehensive analysis that provides a new model for perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Halide PSCs are the preferred option for solar absorbers in photovoltaic (PV) technology because it has superior optical properties, enhanced efficiency, lightweight nature, and significantly reduced cost. In this study, the simulation of the double-absorber layer organic–inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSC) has been carried out, where Ba(Zr_0.95Ti_0.05)S₃ is used as the upper absorber layer, and MASnI₃ is used as the lower absorber layers. It is examined using the solar cell research software SCAPS-1D simulation package. The main object of this research is to test the congenial components for the hole-transporting layers (HTL) and electron-transporting layers (ETL). In addition, this research goal is to ascertain better parameters for active layer thickness, temperature-absorbing defect density, and metal-work functions for the recommended PV cell performance. After optimizing the proposed solar cell structure by changing various components in ETL and HTL, the highest result attained the FTO/SnS₂/Ba(Zr_0.95Ti_0.05)S₃/MASnI₃/CuO/Au structure, which exhibits an open circuit voltage of V_o = 1.2907 V, fill factor of 86.21 %, short-circuit current of J_sc = 34.7308 mA/cm², and a maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 38.65 %. The headway is attained by engaging SnS₂ as the ETL and CuO as the HTL in the structure. Using the Scaps-1D simulation, we optimized temperature, thickness, defect density, shallow acceptor density, and back contact work functions. It was attained by leaving a thickness of 1 µm for the MASnI₃ absorber and 0.01 µm for the Ba(Zr_0.95Ti_0.05)S₃ absorber.

这项研究通过全面分析，为过氧化物太阳能电池（PSCs）提供了一个新模型。卤化物透辉石太阳能电池是光伏（PV）技术中太阳能吸收剂的首选，因为它具有优越的光学性能、更高的效率、轻质的特性以及显著降低的成本。本研究对双吸收层有机-无机包晶太阳能电池（PSC）进行了模拟，其中上吸收层采用 Ba(Zr0.95Ti0.05)S3，下吸收层采用 MASnI3。研究使用了太阳能电池研究软件 SCAPS-1D 仿真软件包。本研究的主要目的是测试空穴传输层（HTL）和电子传输层（ETL）的同源组件。此外，本研究的目标还包括确定更好的有源层厚度、温度吸收缺陷密度和金属加工功能参数，以实现推荐的光伏电池性能。通过改变 ETL 和 HTL 中的各种成分来优化建议的太阳能电池结构后，FTO/SnS2/Ba(Zr0.95Ti0.05)S3/MASnI3/CuO/Au 结构取得了最高成果，其开路电压为 Vo = 1.2907 V，填充因子为 86.21 %，短路电流为 Jsc = 34.7308 mA/cm2，最大功率转换效率（PCE）为 38.65 %。通过在结构上使用 SnS2 作为 ETL 和 CuO 作为 HTL，实现了这一突破。利用 Scaps-1D 模拟，我们对温度、厚度、缺陷密度、浅层受体密度和背接触功函数进行了优化。MASnI3 吸收体的厚度为 1 微米，Ba(Zr0.95Ti0.05)S3 吸收体的厚度为 0.01 微米。

{"title":"Design and performance evaluation of eco-friendly Ba(Zr0.95Ti0.05)S3/MASnI3 based perovskite solar cells utilize a variety of hole and electron transport materials","authors":"Md. Earshad Ali, Md. Mahfuzul Haque","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2024.113098","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2024.113098","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research is a comprehensive analysis that provides a new model for perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Halide PSCs are the preferred option for solar absorbers in photovoltaic (PV) technology because it has superior optical properties, enhanced efficiency, lightweight nature, and significantly reduced cost. In this study, the simulation of the double-absorber layer organic–inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSC) has been carried out, where Ba(Zr<sub>0.95</sub>Ti<sub>0.05</sub>)S<sub>3</sub> is used as the upper absorber layer, and MASnI<sub>3</sub> is used as the lower absorber layers. It is examined using the solar cell research software SCAPS-1D simulation package. The main object of this research is to test the congenial components for the hole-transporting layers (HTL) and electron-transporting layers (ETL). In addition, this research goal is to ascertain better parameters for active layer thickness, temperature-absorbing defect density, and metal-work functions for the recommended PV cell performance. After optimizing the proposed solar cell structure by changing various components in ETL and HTL, the highest result attained the FTO/SnS<sub>2</sub>/Ba(Zr<sub>0.95</sub>Ti<sub>0.05</sub>)S<sub>3</sub>/MASnI<sub>3</sub>/CuO/Au structure, which exhibits an open circuit voltage of V<sub>o</sub> = 1.2907 V, fill factor of 86.21 %, short-circuit current of J<sub>sc</sub> = 34.7308 mA/cm<sup>2</sup>, and a maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 38.65 %. The headway is attained by engaging SnS<sub>2</sub> as the ETL and CuO as the HTL in the structure. Using the Scaps-1D simulation, we optimized temperature, thickness, defect density, shallow acceptor density, and back contact work functions. It was attained by leaving a thickness of 1 µm for the MASnI<sub>3</sub> absorber and 0.01 µm for the Ba(Zr<sub>0.95</sub>Ti<sub>0.05</sub>)S<sub>3</sub> absorber.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"285 ","pages":"Article 113098"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142706462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Levelized cost of heat for solar thermal applications in households 家庭太阳能热应用的平准热成本

IF 6 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy

Pub Date : 2024-11-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2024.113100

Y. Louvet, K. Vajen

The use of the levelized cost of heat (LCoH) indicator is growing in the thermal engineering literature. In the field of solar thermal systems engineering, existing studies apply different methodologies for LCoH calculations, which leads to difficulties in comparing the results obtained. To facilitate and harmonise future works, the complexity of solar thermal systems is analysed in detail in this study to define possible system boundaries for the parameters of the LCoH equation. For this purpose, energy streams with and within a building are analysed based on standards dealing with energy use in buildings, and four possible system boundaries for energy are identified. Similarly, four commonly used physical system boundaries are identified for the costs when considering the heating system as a whole. A further distinction is introduced between the conventional and the innovative parts of the heating system, when the focus is only on the core components, i.e. the heat production units and storage. As a result of the investigations, a nomenclature is proposed to differentiate the LCoH values from each other. The study also shows with examples that the LCoH is not necessarily the most appropriate indicator for economic comparisons and suggests some ways to extend its scope of application.

在热能工程文献中，使用平准化热能成本（LCoH）指标的情况越来越多。在太阳能热系统工程领域，现有研究采用不同的方法计算平准化热量成本，导致难以比较所获得的结果。为了促进和协调未来的工作，本研究详细分析了太阳能热系统的复杂性，以确定 LCoH 方程参数的可能系统边界。为此，根据建筑物能源使用标准，对建筑物内和建筑物外的能源流进行了分析，并确定了四种可能的能源系统边界。同样，在考虑整个供热系统时，也为成本确定了四个常用的物理系统边界。在只关注核心部件，即制热装置和储热装置时，对供热系统的传统部分和创新部分进行了进一步区分。研究结果提出了一种术语，用于区分 LCoH 值。本研究还通过实例说明，低功耗热值并不一定是经济比较的最合适指标，并提出了一些扩大其应用范围的方法。

{"title":"Levelized cost of heat for solar thermal applications in households","authors":"Y. Louvet, K. Vajen","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2024.113100","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2024.113100","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of the levelized cost of heat (LCoH) indicator is growing in the thermal engineering literature. In the field of solar thermal systems engineering, existing studies apply different methodologies for LCoH calculations, which leads to difficulties in comparing the results obtained. To facilitate and harmonise future works, the complexity of solar thermal systems is analysed in detail in this study to define possible system boundaries for the parameters of the LCoH equation. For this purpose, energy streams with and within a building are analysed based on standards dealing with energy use in buildings, and four possible system boundaries for energy are identified. Similarly, four commonly used physical system boundaries are identified for the costs when considering the heating system as a whole. A further distinction is introduced between the conventional and the innovative parts of the heating system, when the focus is only on the core components, i.e. the heat production units and storage. As a result of the investigations, a nomenclature is proposed to differentiate the LCoH values from each other. The study also shows with examples that the LCoH is not necessarily the most appropriate indicator for economic comparisons and suggests some ways to extend its scope of application.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"285 ","pages":"Article 113100"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142706357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A novel approach to enhance performance, stability and longevity of the solar cells by mitigating UV-induced degradation with monolayer − Boosted nano-TiO2 coatings 通过单层纳米二氧化钛涂层缓解紫外线引起的降解，从而提高太阳能电池性能、稳定性和使用寿命的新方法

IF 6 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy

Pub Date : 2024-11-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2024.113118

Dipen Paul , D. Devaprakasam

This study investigates the potential of 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorooctyltrichlorosilane (FOTS) coated titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanoparticles (FOTS + TiO₂) to protect silicon solar cells from UV radiation damage. UV induced damages significantly reduces efficiency and lifespan, and causes environmental issues such as corrosion and water ingress. FOTS + TiO₂ layers were applied onto sheets of ethylene–vinyl acetate (EVA) using a cost-effective dip-coating process. We prepared PV mini-devices with single, double, and triple coatings by dipping the EVA sheets multiple times in a solution of isooctane and FOTS + TiO₂, with intervals of a few minutes between dips. The characteristics and integrity of the FOTS + TiO₂ nanoparticles and their coatings on EVA substrates were analyzed using advanced microscopy and spectroscopy techniques. Our investigation revealed that a single dip coating of FOTS + TiO₂ effectively covered the surface, while double and triple coatings led to agglomeration. The presence of TiO₂ nanoparticles enhanced UV radiation absorption, reducing the transmission of UV radiation to the solar cells. The PV mini-devices were tested using both standard and accelerated solar simulators. The application of FOTS + TiO₂ coatings demonstrated promising stability improvements, with single and double-coated PV mini-devices showing stability increases of 34 % and 29 %, respectively. Notably, the use of FOTS + TiO₂ coatings extended the durability of the solar cells from 4.1 years to 5.6 years (minimum). These findings suggest that FOTS + TiO₂ coatings offer a cost-effective and efficient method for enhancing the stability, fill factor, and longevity of silicon solar cells.

本研究探讨了1H、1H、2H、2H-全氟辛基三氯硅烷（FOTS）涂层二氧化钛（TiO2）纳米粒子（FOTS + TiO2）保护硅太阳能电池免受紫外线辐射损伤的潜力。紫外线引起的损坏会大大降低效率和寿命，并导致腐蚀和进水等环境问题。我们采用经济有效的浸涂工艺，将 FOTS + TiO2 层涂在乙烯-醋酸乙烯（EVA）薄片上。我们将 EVA 片材在异辛烷和 FOTS + TiO2 溶液中浸渍多次，每次浸渍间隔几分钟，从而制备出具有单层、双层和三层涂层的光伏微型器件。我们使用先进的显微镜和光谱技术分析了 EVA 基底上 FOTS + TiO2 纳米粒子及其涂层的特性和完整性。我们的研究发现，单层 FOTS + TiO2 涂层可有效覆盖表面，而双层和三层涂层则会导致团聚。TiO2 纳米粒子的存在增强了对紫外线辐射的吸收，减少了太阳能电池对紫外线辐射的传输。使用标准和加速太阳模拟器对光伏微型装置进行了测试。FOTS + TiO2 涂层的应用显示出良好的稳定性改进效果，单涂层和双涂层光伏微型器件的稳定性分别提高了 34% 和 29%。值得注意的是，使用 FOTS + TiO2 涂层后，太阳能电池的耐用性从 4.1 年延长到 5.6 年（最短）。这些研究结果表明，FOTS + TiO2 涂层为提高硅太阳能电池的稳定性、填充因子和寿命提供了一种经济有效的方法。

{"title":"A novel approach to enhance performance, stability and longevity of the solar cells by mitigating UV-induced degradation with monolayer − Boosted nano-TiO2 coatings","authors":"Dipen Paul , D. Devaprakasam","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2024.113118","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2024.113118","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the potential of 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorooctyltrichlorosilane (FOTS) coated titanium dioxide (TiO<sub>2</sub>) nanoparticles (FOTS + TiO<sub>2</sub>) to protect silicon solar cells from UV radiation damage. UV induced damages significantly reduces efficiency and lifespan, and causes environmental issues such as corrosion and water ingress. FOTS + TiO<sub>2</sub> layers were applied onto sheets of ethylene–vinyl acetate (EVA) using a cost-effective dip-coating process. We prepared PV mini-devices with single, double, and triple coatings by dipping the EVA sheets multiple times in a solution of isooctane and FOTS + TiO<sub>2</sub>, with intervals of a few minutes between dips. The characteristics and integrity of the FOTS + TiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles and their coatings on EVA substrates were analyzed using advanced microscopy and spectroscopy techniques. Our investigation revealed that a single dip coating of FOTS + TiO<sub>2</sub> effectively covered the surface, while double and triple coatings led to agglomeration. The presence of TiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles enhanced UV radiation absorption, reducing the transmission of UV radiation to the solar cells. The PV mini-devices were tested using both standard and accelerated solar simulators. The application of FOTS + TiO<sub>2</sub> coatings demonstrated promising stability improvements, with single and double-coated PV mini-devices showing stability increases of 34 % and 29 %, respectively. Notably, the use of FOTS + TiO<sub>2</sub> coatings extended the durability of the solar cells from 4.1 years to 5.6 years (minimum). These findings suggest that FOTS + TiO<sub>2</sub> coatings offer a cost-effective and efficient method for enhancing the stability, fill factor, and longevity of silicon solar cells.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"285 ","pages":"Article 113118"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142706463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bifacial photovoltaic module performance in correlation to cloud conditions, sun spectrum and irradiance enhancement 与云层条件、太阳光谱和辐照度增强相关的双面光伏组件性能

IF 6 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy

Pub Date : 2024-11-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2024.113110

Diana Maria Krainer , Marcus Rennhofer , Ankit Mittal , Gusztav Ujvari , Shokufeh Zamini , Philipp Weihs , Manfred Dorninger

This study presents the performance behavior of 10° tilted, east and west oriented bifacial photovoltaic (PV) modules during irradiance enhancement (IE). The impact of meteorological parameters on the performance of different bifacial photovoltaic module types was determined. The analysis was done time resolved for irradiance enhancement events as well as for the total annual yield in the period 04/2020–06/2021. A cloud classification was performed for clouds that trigger irradiance enhancements. Irradiance enhancements exceeding 1000

{Wm}^{- 2}

were found to occur only on days with clouds in Vienna (Austria). For 179 irradiance enhancement situations analyzed, 81% of all enhancements happened for cloudiness greater than 0.4 and still 30% for a cloudiness greater than 0.7, the latter resulting also in single enhancement events greater than 1150

{Wm}^{- 2}

. Cloud genera preferentially causing irradiance enhancements were identified as Altocumulus and Cumulus clouds. The evaluation of cloud pictures during IE events was done by hand and not automated. By this the position of the sun towards the clouds could be also taken into account. The mechanism of irradiance enhancement compatible to the position of the sun towards the clouds were in accordance with the cloud types Mie-scattering and edge reflections, respectively, or a mix of both. The overall photovoltaic long term performance results showed that the average weighted absolute efficiencies of the bifacial photovoltaic modules were 2%–4% higher than the ones of monofacial standard reference modules. The power output of the bifacial modules was between 17%–24% higher throughout the 15 month period of the investigation compared to monofacial reference modules. This results held independent of orientation while there was a visible seasonal variation, namely 19%–28% more power output in winter, 18%–24% in spring, 16%–25% in summer and 17%–27% in autumn, respectively.

本研究介绍了倾斜 10° 的东西双面光伏组件在辐照度增强（IE）期间的性能表现。研究确定了气象参数对不同类型双面光伏组件性能的影响。分析针对辐照度增强事件以及 2020 年 4 月至 2021 年 6 月期间的年总产量进行了时间解析。对引发辐照度增强的云进行了分类。发现只有在维也纳（奥地利）有云的日子里，辐照度才会超过 1000 Wm-2。在分析的 179 种辐照度增强情况中，81%的辐照度增强发生在云量大于 0.4 的情况下，30%的辐照度增强发生在云量大于 0.7 的情况下，后者还导致单次辐照度增强超过 1150 Wm-2。导致辐照度增强的云属被确定为高积云和积云。IE 事件期间的云图评估是人工完成的，不是自动的。通过这种方法，还可以考虑到太阳朝向云层的位置。与太阳朝向云层的位置相适应的辐照度增强机制分别与云层类型的米氏散射和边缘反射或两者的混合相一致。总体光伏长期性能结果表明，双面光伏组件的平均加权绝对效率比单面标准参考组件高 2%-4%。在为期 15 个月的调查中，双面组件的输出功率比单面参考组件高出 17%-24% 。这一结果与朝向无关，但存在明显的季节性变化，即冬季输出功率高出 19%-28%，春季高出 18%-24%，夏季高出 16%-25%，秋季高出 17%-27%。

{"title":"Bifacial photovoltaic module performance in correlation to cloud conditions, sun spectrum and irradiance enhancement","authors":"Diana Maria Krainer , Marcus Rennhofer , Ankit Mittal , Gusztav Ujvari , Shokufeh Zamini , Philipp Weihs , Manfred Dorninger","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2024.113110","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2024.113110","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents the performance behavior of 10° tilted, east and west oriented bifacial photovoltaic (PV) modules during irradiance enhancement (IE). The impact of meteorological parameters on the performance of different bifacial photovoltaic module types was determined. The analysis was done time resolved for irradiance enhancement events as well as for the total annual yield in the period 04/2020–06/2021. A cloud classification was performed for clouds that trigger irradiance enhancements. Irradiance enhancements exceeding 1000 <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>Wm</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> were found to occur only on days with clouds in Vienna (Austria). For 179 irradiance enhancement situations analyzed, 81% of all enhancements happened for cloudiness greater than 0.4 and still 30% for a cloudiness greater than 0.7, the latter resulting also in single enhancement events greater than 1150 <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>Wm</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>. Cloud genera preferentially causing irradiance enhancements were identified as <em>Altocumulus</em> and <em>Cumulus</em> clouds. The evaluation of cloud pictures during IE events was done by hand and not automated. By this the position of the sun towards the clouds could be also taken into account. The mechanism of irradiance enhancement compatible to the position of the sun towards the clouds were in accordance with the cloud types Mie-scattering and edge reflections, respectively, or a mix of both. The overall photovoltaic long term performance results showed that the average weighted absolute efficiencies of the bifacial photovoltaic modules were 2%–4% higher than the ones of monofacial standard reference modules. The power output of the bifacial modules was between 17%–24% higher throughout the 15 month period of the investigation compared to monofacial reference modules. This results held independent of orientation while there was a visible seasonal variation, namely 19%–28% more power output in winter, 18%–24% in spring, 16%–25% in summer and 17%–27% in autumn, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"285 ","pages":"Article 113110"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142706400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Maximizing solar photovoltaic energy efficiency: MPPT techniques investigation based on shading effects 太阳能光伏发电能源效率最大化：基于遮阳效应的 MPPT 技术研究

IF 6 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy

Pub Date : 2024-11-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2024.113082

Ana-Maria Badea , Doina Manaila-Maximean , Laurentiu Fara , Dan Craciunescu

This article presents a comprehensive study focused on understanding and optimizing the behavior of a photovoltaic (PV) generator. The study explores Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT), a critical technique used to optimize the energy output of a PV generator by dynamically adjusting under varying conditions of solar irradiance and temperature, ensuring that the PV generator operates at its most efficient level. By also accounting for shading effects, which can significantly impact energy production and overall performance, this research includes a detailed analysis of the shading effects on the illuminated area based on optimization-MPPT algorithms. Advanced modeling and simulation techniques are employed, with a particular emphasis on the Levenberg-Marquardt method for parameter estimation. This method is used to fit mathematical models to experimental PV generator data and extract relevant parameters. Additionally, the study leverages the “Curve Fitting Toolbox” method in MATLAB to fit mathematical models for experimental I-V and P-V data. The investigation utilizes an industrial polycrystalline silicon PV module and compares simulated results with experimental data. One significant aspect of the analysis is the examination of partial shading’s impact on the PV generator. The results highlighted that partial shading poses a substantial challenge to the PV system, leading to a notable reduction in power output. The study presents various techniques for Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) and analyzes their capabilities and performance metrics. The research methodology involves a combination of simulated and experimental data to understand how PV panels behave under different shading conditions. Furthermore, the study proposes an optimized configuration and advanced MPPT algorithms to enhance system performance in the presence of partial shading. The optimized setup not only increases power output but also enhances overall system efficiency and reliability by mitigating issues such as shading-induced hotspots and potential panel failures. The findings and strategies outlined in this study could be adapted and applied to various types of PV modules.

本文介绍了一项综合研究，重点是了解和优化光伏（PV）发电机的行为。该研究探讨了最大功率点跟踪 (MPPT)，这是一种用于优化光伏发电机能量输出的关键技术，可在不同的太阳辐照度和温度条件下进行动态调整，确保光伏发电机以最高效的水平运行。遮光效应会对能源生产和整体性能产生重大影响，本研究还考虑了遮光效应，详细分析了基于优化-MPPT 算法的照明区域遮光效应。研究采用了先进的建模和仿真技术，特别强调了用于参数估计的 Levenberg-Marquardt 方法。该方法用于拟合光伏发电机实验数据的数学模型，并提取相关参数。此外，该研究还利用 MATLAB 中的 "曲线拟合工具箱 "方法来拟合实验 I-V 和 P-V 数据的数学模型。调查使用了工业用多晶硅光伏模块，并将模拟结果与实验数据进行了比较。分析的一个重要方面是检查部分遮光对光伏发电机的影响。结果表明，部分遮光对光伏系统构成了巨大挑战，导致功率输出明显降低。研究介绍了各种最大功率点跟踪 (MPPT) 技术，并分析了这些技术的能力和性能指标。研究方法结合了模拟和实验数据，以了解光伏电池板在不同遮阳条件下的表现。此外，研究还提出了一种优化配置和先进的 MPPT 算法，以提高系统在部分遮阳情况下的性能。优化后的设置不仅提高了功率输出，还通过缓解遮阳引起的热点和潜在的面板故障等问题，提高了整个系统的效率和可靠性。本研究中概述的发现和策略可适用于各种类型的光伏组件。

{"title":"Maximizing solar photovoltaic energy efficiency: MPPT techniques investigation based on shading effects","authors":"Ana-Maria Badea , Doina Manaila-Maximean , Laurentiu Fara , Dan Craciunescu","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2024.113082","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2024.113082","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article presents a comprehensive study focused on understanding and optimizing the behavior of a photovoltaic (PV) generator. The study explores Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT), a critical technique used to optimize the energy output of a PV generator by dynamically adjusting under varying conditions of solar irradiance and temperature, ensuring that the PV generator operates at its most efficient level. By also accounting for shading effects, which can significantly impact energy production and overall performance, this research includes a detailed analysis of the shading effects on the illuminated area based on optimization-MPPT algorithms. Advanced modeling and simulation techniques are employed, with a particular emphasis on the Levenberg-Marquardt method for parameter estimation. This method is used to fit mathematical models to experimental PV generator data and extract relevant parameters. Additionally, the study leverages the “Curve Fitting Toolbox” method in MATLAB to fit mathematical models for experimental I-V and P-V data. The investigation utilizes an industrial polycrystalline silicon PV module and compares simulated results with experimental data. One significant aspect of the analysis is the examination of partial shading’s impact on the PV generator. The results highlighted that partial shading poses a substantial challenge to the PV system, leading to a notable reduction in power output. The study presents various techniques for Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) and analyzes their capabilities and performance metrics. The research methodology involves a combination of simulated and experimental data to understand how PV panels behave under different shading conditions. Furthermore, the study proposes an optimized configuration and advanced MPPT algorithms to enhance system performance in the presence of partial shading. The optimized setup not only increases power output but also enhances overall system efficiency and reliability by mitigating issues such as shading-induced hotspots and potential panel failures. The findings and strategies outlined in this study could be adapted and applied to various types of PV modules.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"285 ","pages":"Article 113082"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142706356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Towards sustainability via recycling solar photovoltaic Panels, A review 通过回收太阳能光伏电池板实现可持续发展，综述

IF 6 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy

Pub Date : 2024-11-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2024.113085

Yasmin R. Maghraby , Ahmed H. Ibrahim , Amr Tayel , Hassan Mohamed El-Said Azzazy , Tamer Shoeib

Human activities are placing a progressively increasing demand on energy consumption. Renewable energy resources are a promising alternative to fossil fuels due to their sustainability. There has been lately an immense growth in the application of several renewable energy resources, including solar energy, where the abundance of waste solar panels is becoming challenging. Solar panels have a shelf life from 20 to 30 years. Photovoltaic panels modules consist of both valuable and toxic materials that might possess harm to the human wellbeing and to the environment if not disposed appropriately. These days, research to recover solar photovoltaic panels is confronting several difficulties, beside that there is an urge to design an economically non-toxic, easy, and feasible technologies for their recovery. The end-of-life solar panels’ appropriate management is just at the beginning in several places in the world, besides that there is a demand for the producers’ responsibilities towards the issue. The disassembly and recyclability of the end-of-life solar cells is not really deliberated because of the deficiency of solar panels recycling plants worldwide. Recyclability of the expired solar cells can decrease the production cost of new systems. This review article discusses the synthesis of solar panels, with a detailed description for its different parts. Recycling systems for photovoltaic wastes are elaborately discussed along with addressing the adverse environmental issues of the huge quantities of solar panels wastes besides providing a detailed basis for supporting recycling of solar panels. Lastly, the policies and regulations for solar panel recycling is also considered.

人类活动对能源消耗的需求与日俱增。可再生能源以其可持续性成为化石燃料的替代品，前景广阔。最近，包括太阳能在内的几种可再生能源的应用出现了巨大的增长，而废弃太阳能电池板的大量使用正成为一项挑战。太阳能电池板的保质期为 20 至 30 年。光电板模块既包括有价值的材料，也包括有毒材料，如果处理不当，可能会对人类健康和环境造成危害。如今，太阳能光伏板的回收研究正面临着一些困难，此外，人们还迫切希望设计出一种经济无毒、简便可行的回收技术。世界上一些地方刚刚开始对报废太阳能电池板进行适当管理，同时也要求生产商对这一问题负责。由于全球缺乏太阳能电池板回收厂，因此还没有真正考虑过报废太阳能电池的拆解和回收问题。过期太阳能电池的可回收性可以降低新系统的生产成本。这篇综述文章讨论了太阳能电池板的合成，并对其不同部分进行了详细描述。除了为支持太阳能电池板的回收利用提供详细依据外，还详细讨论了光伏废料的回收利用系统，以及解决大量太阳能电池板废料带来的不利环境问题。最后，还考虑了太阳能电池板回收利用的政策和法规。

{"title":"Towards sustainability via recycling solar photovoltaic Panels, A review","authors":"Yasmin R. Maghraby , Ahmed H. Ibrahim , Amr Tayel , Hassan Mohamed El-Said Azzazy , Tamer Shoeib","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2024.113085","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2024.113085","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Human activities are placing a progressively increasing demand on energy consumption. Renewable energy resources are a promising alternative to fossil fuels due to their sustainability. There has been lately an immense growth in the application of several renewable energy resources, including solar energy, where the abundance of waste solar panels is becoming challenging. Solar panels have a shelf life from 20 to 30 years. Photovoltaic panels modules consist of both valuable and toxic materials that might possess harm to the human wellbeing and to the environment if not disposed appropriately. These days, research to recover solar photovoltaic panels is confronting several difficulties, beside that there is an urge to design an economically non-toxic, easy, and feasible technologies for their recovery. The end-of-life solar panels’ appropriate management is just at the beginning in several places in the world, besides that there is a demand for the producers’ responsibilities towards the issue. The disassembly and recyclability of the end-of-life solar cells is not really deliberated because of the deficiency of solar panels recycling plants worldwide. Recyclability of the expired solar cells can decrease the production cost of new systems. This review article discusses the synthesis of solar panels, with a detailed description for its different parts. Recycling systems for photovoltaic wastes are elaborately discussed along with addressing the adverse environmental issues of the huge quantities of solar panels wastes besides providing a detailed basis for supporting recycling of solar panels. Lastly, the policies and regulations for solar panel recycling is also considered.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"285 ","pages":"Article 113085"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142706402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Theoretical and experimental investigation of a pilot-scale solar air-heated humidification dehumidification desalination system 中试规模太阳能空气加热加湿除湿脱盐系统的理论和实验研究

IF 6 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy

Pub Date : 2024-11-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2024.113122

Javed Sikandar Shaikh , Saleel Ismail , Uday Aswalekar , Kishor Vishwanath Mane , Ganesh Wahile

Among the various humidification dehumidification desalination (HDD) system configurations, the air-heated cycle has demonstrated promising results in small lab-scale setup investigations, whereas pilot-scale studies are lacking. This study theoretically and experimentally investigates the performance of a pilot-scale flat-plate solar air collector-powered HDD unit. An optical-thermal model for a solar air collector and a transport model based on heat and mass transfer for the dehumidifier have been developed and validated using experimental data. The triangular-shaped turbulators on the absorber plate of a solar collector with relative roughness pitches of 2.3, 4.61, and 6.92 are built and optimized for maximum distillate yield. Perforated turbulators with open area ratios of 5.5 %, 12.25 %, and 21.8 % are evaluated. To reduce distillate production costs in the HDD system, naturally available wood apple shell with drilled holes is tested in the humidifier. Outdoor test results revealed that at an average solar intensity of 712 W/m², the proposed system achieved a maximum distillate yield and gain output ratio of 17.34 kg/day and 0.65, respectively. Wood apple shell packing demonstrated better distillate yield, gain output ratio, and humidifier performance potential factor compared to the commercially available raschig ring and cascade mini-ring packings. Moreover, the optimal performance of the solar air collector with solid turbulators was obtained at a relative roughness pitch of 4.61 due to sufficient longitudinal space to effectively prevent flow separation and reattachment of the free shear layer. Turbulators with a 12.25 % open area ratio exhibited the highest Nusselt number and low friction factor.

在各种加湿除湿脱盐（HDD）系统配置中，空气加热循环已在小型实验室规模的设置研究中显示出良好的效果，但还缺乏中试规模的研究。本研究从理论和实验角度研究了试验规模的平板太阳能空气集热器驱动 HDD 设备的性能。研究建立了太阳能空气集热器的光热模型和除湿器基于传热和传质的传输模型，并利用实验数据进行了验证。建立并优化了太阳能集热器吸收板上相对粗糙度间距为 2.3、4.61 和 6.92 的三角形涡轮，以获得最大的蒸馏物产量。对开口面积比为 5.5%、12.25% 和 21.8% 的穿孔涡轮进行了评估。为了降低 HDD 系统的馏分生产成本，在加湿器中测试了天然存在的带钻孔的木质苹果外壳。室外测试结果表明，在平均太阳辐射强度为 712 瓦/平方米的条件下，拟议系统的最大蒸馏物产量和增益产出比分别为 17.34 公斤/天和 0.65。与市场上销售的 Raschig 环和级联小型环填料相比，木苹果壳填料在蒸馏物产量、增益产出比和加湿器性能潜能系数方面表现更佳。此外，采用固体涡轮的太阳能空气集热器在相对粗糙度间距为 4.61 时性能最佳，因为有足够的纵向空间可有效防止流动分离和自由剪切层的重新附着。开口面积比为 12.25% 的涡轮表现出最高的努塞尔特数和较低的摩擦因数。

{"title":"Theoretical and experimental investigation of a pilot-scale solar air-heated humidification dehumidification desalination system","authors":"Javed Sikandar Shaikh , Saleel Ismail , Uday Aswalekar , Kishor Vishwanath Mane , Ganesh Wahile","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2024.113122","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2024.113122","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Among the various humidification dehumidification desalination (HDD) system configurations, the air-heated cycle has demonstrated promising results in small lab-scale setup investigations, whereas pilot-scale studies are lacking. This study theoretically and experimentally investigates the performance of a pilot-scale flat-plate solar air collector-powered HDD unit. An optical-thermal model for a solar air collector and a transport model based on heat and mass transfer for the dehumidifier have been developed and validated using experimental data. The triangular-shaped turbulators on the absorber plate of a solar collector with relative roughness pitches of 2.3, 4.61, and 6.92 are built and optimized for maximum distillate yield. Perforated turbulators with open area ratios of 5.5 %, 12.25 %, and 21.8 % are evaluated. To reduce distillate production costs in the HDD system, naturally available wood apple shell with drilled holes is tested in the humidifier. Outdoor test results revealed that at an average solar intensity of 712 W/m<sup>2</sup>, the proposed system achieved a maximum distillate yield and gain output ratio of 17.34 kg/day and 0.65, respectively. Wood apple shell packing demonstrated better distillate yield, gain output ratio, and humidifier performance potential factor compared to the commercially available raschig ring and cascade mini-ring packings. Moreover, the optimal performance of the solar air collector with solid turbulators was obtained at a relative roughness pitch of 4.61 due to sufficient longitudinal space to effectively prevent flow separation and reattachment of the free shear layer. Turbulators with a 12.25 % open area ratio exhibited the highest Nusselt number and low friction factor.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"285 ","pages":"Article 113122"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142706359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Photovoltaic DC series arc fault detection method based on two-stage feature comprehensive decision 基于两阶段特征综合决策的光伏直流串联电弧故障检测方法

IF 6 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy

Pub Date : 2024-11-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2024.113084

Bangzheng Han , Guofeng Zou , Wei Wang , Jinjie Li , Xiaofei Zhang

To address the issue of strong randomness and the difficulty in accurately describing fault features of photovoltaic power generation system series arc, a photovoltaic DC series arc fault detection method based on two-stage feature comprehensive decision is proposed. Firstly, to solve the difficulty in selecting fault detection window size due to the non-periodicity and high randomness of DC signals, a signal windowing strategy based on autocorrelation function is proposed. Based on the transient characteristics of arc initiation stage and the steady-state characteristics of arc burning stage, the whole arc stage is divided into transient stage and steady-state stage. Then, in the arc initiation stage, a transient feature description method based on adjacent windows difference (AWD) is designed on the basis of signal windowing, effectively capturing the waveform mutation caused by arc, achieving the fault occurrence window positioning and the effective expression of transient feature. In the arc burning stage, a steady-state feature description method based on energy difference (ED) is designed on the basis of signal windowing and fault occurrence window positioning, effectively capturing the energy difference caused by arc, achieving a significant expression of steady-state feature, and overcoming the misjudgment issues caused by transient feature. Finally, SVMs are used to classify the proposed features, and voting decision is combined to obtain the arc fault detection results. Experimental results show that the proposed method is feasible and effective in the feature extraction and detection of arc fault, providing a valuable approach for photovoltaic DC series arc fault detection.

针对光伏发电系统串联电弧随机性强、难以准确描述故障特征的问题，提出了一种基于两阶段特征综合决策的光伏直流串联电弧故障检测方法。首先，针对直流信号的非周期性和高随机性导致的故障检测窗口大小选择困难的问题，提出了基于自相关函数的信号窗口策略。根据起弧阶段的暂态特性和燃弧阶段的稳态特性，将整个燃弧阶段划分为暂态阶段和稳态阶段。然后，在起弧阶段，在信号开窗的基础上设计了基于相邻窗差分（AWD）的瞬态特征描述方法，有效捕捉了电弧引起的波形突变，实现了故障发生窗口定位和瞬态特征的有效表达。在燃弧阶段，在信号开窗和故障发生窗口定位的基础上，设计了基于能量差（ED）的稳态特征描述方法，有效捕捉了电弧引起的能量差，实现了稳态特征的显著表达，克服了瞬态特征引起的误判问题。最后，利用 SVM 对提出的特征进行分类，并结合投票决定得出电弧故障检测结果。实验结果表明，所提出的方法在电弧故障的特征提取和检测方面是可行且有效的，为光伏直流串联电弧故障检测提供了一种有价值的方法。

{"title":"Photovoltaic DC series arc fault detection method based on two-stage feature comprehensive decision","authors":"Bangzheng Han , Guofeng Zou , Wei Wang , Jinjie Li , Xiaofei Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2024.113084","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2024.113084","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To address the issue of strong randomness and the difficulty in accurately describing fault features of photovoltaic power generation system series arc, a photovoltaic DC series arc fault detection method based on two-stage feature comprehensive decision is proposed. Firstly, to solve the difficulty in selecting fault detection window size due to the non-periodicity and high randomness of DC signals, a signal windowing strategy based on autocorrelation function is proposed. Based on the transient characteristics of arc initiation stage and the steady-state characteristics of arc burning stage, the whole arc stage is divided into transient stage and steady-state stage. Then, in the arc initiation stage, a transient feature description method based on adjacent windows difference (AWD) is designed on the basis of signal windowing, effectively capturing the waveform mutation caused by arc, achieving the fault occurrence window positioning and the effective expression of transient feature. In the arc burning stage, a steady-state feature description method based on energy difference (ED) is designed on the basis of signal windowing and fault occurrence window positioning, effectively capturing the energy difference caused by arc, achieving a significant expression of steady-state feature, and overcoming the misjudgment issues caused by transient feature. Finally, SVMs are used to classify the proposed features, and voting decision is combined to obtain the arc fault detection results. Experimental results show that the proposed method is feasible and effective in the feature extraction and detection of arc fault, providing a valuable approach for photovoltaic DC series arc fault detection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"285 ","pages":"Article 113084"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142706401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Thermochemical reaction kinetics of Mn-Fe based particles for High-Temperature energy storage systems 用于高温储能系统的锰-铁基颗粒的热化学反应动力学

IF 6 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy

Pub Date : 2024-11-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2024.113109

Jiasong Li , Peiwang Zhu , Haoran Xu , Yiming Bao , Jueyuan Gong , Gang Xiao

Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) systems, augmented by Thermal Energy Storage (TES), are crucial for enhancing renewable energy stability. However, challenges in CSP technology, particularly efficiency and cost factors, persist. Elevating heat collection and storage temperature stands out as an effective strategy to improve efficiency and reduce costs. In this study, we investigated the use of Mn-Fe particles for thermal energy storage in CSP, highlighting their excellent cycling stability and suitability for high temperatures (>900 °C). We conducted a detailed analysis of the oxidation kinetics. The oxygen partial pressure at equilibrium of oxidation process (pO_2,eql(T_ox)) was determined and the onset temperature was found to exceed 850 °C, with a noticeable lag at lower pO₂, diminishing or disappearing at higher pO₂. To sustain a high re-oxidation conversion during the oxidation process, it is crucial to maintain either a high pO₂ (>0.16 bar) or a low cooling rate β. The kinetic parameters were subjected to polynomial fitting with pO₂ and β as independent variables, followed by an investigation into the correlation between these parameters and the fundamental physical processes of the reaction. Subsequently, a definitive kinetic model for the oxidation of Mn-Fe particle was established, exhibiting a strong correlation with experimental results (R² = 0.9993). This model accurately describes the oxidation process under diverse conditions, spanning variations in pO₂ from 0.16 bar to 0.7 bar and β from 5 K/min to 20 K/min, and establishes a foundation for monitoring and controlling the oxidation dynamics of Mn-Fe particle for fluidized-bed heat transfer in CSP.

聚光太阳能发电（CSP）系统在热能储存（TES）的辅助下，对提高可再生能源的稳定性至关重要。然而，CSP 技术仍面临挑战，尤其是效率和成本因素。提高集热和储热温度是提高效率和降低成本的有效策略。在本研究中，我们调查了 Mn-Fe 粒子在 CSP 中用于热能存储的情况，强调了其出色的循环稳定性和对高温（900 °C）的适用性。我们对氧化动力学进行了详细分析。我们测定了氧化过程平衡时的氧分压（pO2,eql(Tox)），发现起始温度超过 850 °C，pO2 较低时有明显的滞后现象，pO2 较高时滞后现象减弱或消失。为了在氧化过程中维持较高的再氧化转化率，必须保持较高的 pO2（0.16 巴）或较低的冷却速率 β。随后，建立了 Mn-Fe 粒子氧化的确定动力学模型，该模型与实验结果具有很强的相关性（R2 = 0.9993）。该模型准确地描述了不同条件下的氧化过程，pO2 从 0.16 巴到 0.7 巴，β 从 5 K/min 到 20 K/min 不等，为监测和控制 Mn-Fe 粒子在 CSP 流化床传热中的氧化动力学奠定了基础。

{"title":"Thermochemical reaction kinetics of Mn-Fe based particles for High-Temperature energy storage systems","authors":"Jiasong Li , Peiwang Zhu , Haoran Xu , Yiming Bao , Jueyuan Gong , Gang Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2024.113109","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2024.113109","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) systems, augmented by Thermal Energy Storage (TES), are crucial for enhancing renewable energy stability. However, challenges in CSP technology, particularly efficiency and cost factors, persist. Elevating heat collection and storage temperature stands out as an effective strategy to improve efficiency and reduce costs. In this study, we investigated the use of Mn-Fe particles for thermal energy storage in CSP, highlighting their excellent cycling stability and suitability for high temperatures (>900 °C). We conducted a detailed analysis of the oxidation kinetics. The oxygen partial pressure at equilibrium of oxidation process (pO<sub>2,eql</sub>(T<sub>ox</sub>)) was determined and the onset temperature was found to exceed 850 °C, with a noticeable lag at lower pO<sub>2</sub>, diminishing or disappearing at higher pO<sub>2</sub>. To sustain a high re-oxidation conversion during the oxidation process, it is crucial to maintain either a high pO<sub>2</sub> (>0.16 bar) or a low cooling rate β. The kinetic parameters were subjected to polynomial fitting with pO<sub>2</sub> and β as independent variables, followed by an investigation into the correlation between these parameters and the fundamental physical processes of the reaction. Subsequently, a definitive kinetic model for the oxidation of Mn-Fe particle was established, exhibiting a strong correlation with experimental results (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.9993). This model accurately describes the oxidation process under diverse conditions, spanning variations in pO<sub>2</sub> from 0.16 bar to 0.7 bar and β from 5 K/min to 20 K/min, and establishes a foundation for monitoring and controlling the oxidation dynamics of Mn-Fe particle for fluidized-bed heat transfer in CSP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"285 ","pages":"Article 113109"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142706467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0