Pub Date : 2021-06-23DOI: 10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478745
Mahsa Bahrami, M. Forouzanfar
Apnea is a prevalent sleep disorder which has detrimental impacts on human health and quality of life. Accurate automatic algorithms for the detection of sleep apnea are needed for analyzing long-term sleep data and monitoring and management of its side effects and consequences. Among different approaches for automatic detection of sleep apnea from biosignals, deep learning algorithms are of particular interest as, unlike conventional machine learning algorithms, they do not rely on expert crafted features. In this paper, we developed and evaluated a number of different deep learning models for the detection of sleep apnea from a single-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) signal. ECG R-peak amplitude and R-R intervals were extracted, and power spectral analysis was performed to align the R-peak amplitude and the R-R intervals in frequency domain. Convolutional neural network (CNN), long short-term memory (LSTM), bidirectional LSTM, gated recurrent unit, and deep hybrid models were implemented and analyzed. The performance of deep learning algorithms was evaluated on an apnea-ECG dataset of 70 recordings divided into a learning set of 35 records and a test of 35 records. The best accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and F1-score on the test data were 80.67%, 75.04%, 84.13%, and 74.72%, respectively, with a hybrid CNN and LSTM network. The results show promise toward improved apnea detection using deep learning.
{"title":"Detection of Sleep Apnea from Single-Lead ECG: Comparison of Deep Learning Algorithms","authors":"Mahsa Bahrami, M. Forouzanfar","doi":"10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478745","url":null,"abstract":"Apnea is a prevalent sleep disorder which has detrimental impacts on human health and quality of life. Accurate automatic algorithms for the detection of sleep apnea are needed for analyzing long-term sleep data and monitoring and management of its side effects and consequences. Among different approaches for automatic detection of sleep apnea from biosignals, deep learning algorithms are of particular interest as, unlike conventional machine learning algorithms, they do not rely on expert crafted features. In this paper, we developed and evaluated a number of different deep learning models for the detection of sleep apnea from a single-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) signal. ECG R-peak amplitude and R-R intervals were extracted, and power spectral analysis was performed to align the R-peak amplitude and the R-R intervals in frequency domain. Convolutional neural network (CNN), long short-term memory (LSTM), bidirectional LSTM, gated recurrent unit, and deep hybrid models were implemented and analyzed. The performance of deep learning algorithms was evaluated on an apnea-ECG dataset of 70 recordings divided into a learning set of 35 records and a test of 35 records. The best accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and F1-score on the test data were 80.67%, 75.04%, 84.13%, and 74.72%, respectively, with a hybrid CNN and LSTM network. The results show promise toward improved apnea detection using deep learning.","PeriodicalId":429222,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126398605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-23DOI: 10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478688
Emanuele D'Angelantonio, Leandro Lucangeli, V. Camomilla, F. Mari, Guido Mascia, A. Pallotti
Telemedicine consists in the delivery of health care services, where patients and providers are separated by distance. Telemonitoring facilities play an important role in remote assistance programs, particularly in assisting patients suffering from chronic afflictions, such as phlebopathic diseases (e.g. chronic venous disease and diabetic foot). When these pathologies worsen, complications can be serious. In fact, foot deformities lead to variations of plantar load, formation of ulcers and, in the worst case, to amputation. Consequently, these pathologies cause huge expenses for the health care system. We propose a framework for screening and early detection of phlebopathic diseases insurgence, based on dynamic tests for functional assessment where patients wear sensorized socks. Socks used in this study integrate force and inertial sensors to provide information on plantar pressures and person’s movement. We show results of a feasibility study including 42 patients, with a balance of 21 healthy patients and 21 with phlebopathic diseases. Data gathered from wearables were automatically elaborated through machine learning techniques in order to obtain a binary classifier identifying whether or not a patient shows pathological gait. Results show that our best classifier has high positive predictive value and high sensitivity, with F1-score equal to 92.1%.
{"title":"Classification-Based Screening of Phlebopathic Patients using Smart Socks","authors":"Emanuele D'Angelantonio, Leandro Lucangeli, V. Camomilla, F. Mari, Guido Mascia, A. Pallotti","doi":"10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478688","url":null,"abstract":"Telemedicine consists in the delivery of health care services, where patients and providers are separated by distance. Telemonitoring facilities play an important role in remote assistance programs, particularly in assisting patients suffering from chronic afflictions, such as phlebopathic diseases (e.g. chronic venous disease and diabetic foot). When these pathologies worsen, complications can be serious. In fact, foot deformities lead to variations of plantar load, formation of ulcers and, in the worst case, to amputation. Consequently, these pathologies cause huge expenses for the health care system. We propose a framework for screening and early detection of phlebopathic diseases insurgence, based on dynamic tests for functional assessment where patients wear sensorized socks. Socks used in this study integrate force and inertial sensors to provide information on plantar pressures and person’s movement. We show results of a feasibility study including 42 patients, with a balance of 21 healthy patients and 21 with phlebopathic diseases. Data gathered from wearables were automatically elaborated through machine learning techniques in order to obtain a binary classifier identifying whether or not a patient shows pathological gait. Results show that our best classifier has high positive predictive value and high sensitivity, with F1-score equal to 92.1%.","PeriodicalId":429222,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA)","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121122560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-23DOI: 10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478735
E. Digo, E. Panero, V. Agostini, L. Gastaldi
The increasing average age of the population emphasizes the strong correlation between cognitive decline and gait disorders of elderly people. Wearable technologies such as magnetic inertial measurement units (MIMUs) have been ascertained as a suitable solution for gait analysis. However, the relationship between human motion and cognitive impairments should still be investigated, considering outcomes of different MIMU set-ups. Accordingly, the aim of the present study was to compare single-task and dual-task walking of an elderly population by using three different MIMU set-ups and correlated algorithms (trunk, shanks, and ankles). Gait sessions of sixteen healthy elderly subjects were registered and spatio-temporal parameters were selected as outcomes of interest. The analysis focused both on the comparison of walking conditions and on the evaluation of differences among MIMU set-ups. Results pointed out the significant effect of cognition on walking speed (p = 0.03) and temporal parameters (p ≤ 0.05), but not on the symmetry of gait. In addition, the comparison among MIMU configurations highlighted a significant difference in the detection of gait stance and swing phases (for shanks-ankles comparison p < 0.001 in both single and dual tasks, for trunk-ankles comparison p < 0.001 in single task and p < 0.01 in dual task). Overall, cognitive impact and MIMU set-ups revealed to be fundamental aspects in the analysis of gait spatio-temporal parameters in a healthy elderly population.
{"title":"Gait Parameters of Elderly Subjects in Single-task and Dual-task with three different MIMU set-ups","authors":"E. Digo, E. Panero, V. Agostini, L. Gastaldi","doi":"10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478735","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing average age of the population emphasizes the strong correlation between cognitive decline and gait disorders of elderly people. Wearable technologies such as magnetic inertial measurement units (MIMUs) have been ascertained as a suitable solution for gait analysis. However, the relationship between human motion and cognitive impairments should still be investigated, considering outcomes of different MIMU set-ups. Accordingly, the aim of the present study was to compare single-task and dual-task walking of an elderly population by using three different MIMU set-ups and correlated algorithms (trunk, shanks, and ankles). Gait sessions of sixteen healthy elderly subjects were registered and spatio-temporal parameters were selected as outcomes of interest. The analysis focused both on the comparison of walking conditions and on the evaluation of differences among MIMU set-ups. Results pointed out the significant effect of cognition on walking speed (p = 0.03) and temporal parameters (p ≤ 0.05), but not on the symmetry of gait. In addition, the comparison among MIMU configurations highlighted a significant difference in the detection of gait stance and swing phases (for shanks-ankles comparison p < 0.001 in both single and dual tasks, for trunk-ankles comparison p < 0.001 in single task and p < 0.01 in dual task). Overall, cognitive impact and MIMU set-ups revealed to be fundamental aspects in the analysis of gait spatio-temporal parameters in a healthy elderly population.","PeriodicalId":429222,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA)","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114278748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-23DOI: 10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478769
L. Svobodová, R. Janca, P. Jiruška
An ischemic stroke is a local lesion that disrupts the large-scale structural and functional connectivity of the brain. Although local, the ischemic stroke often leads to deficits in cognitive functions which can’t be explained by local brain damage. It is believed that stroke-induced large-scale network alteration represents the mechanisms responsible for a decline in cognitive functions which are dependent on large-scale integration. To gain insight into the pathophysiological principles of how a local lesion results in a global cognitive decline requires a reliable and robust algorithm that can quantify the relationship between cognitive functions and network properties. In this study, we have developed, optimized, and tested a processing pipeline to parameterize complex neuropsychological evaluation and determine the functional connectivity from high-density EEG recordings. The developed algorithm was applied on a cohort of 27 patients who suffered a stroke and who were underwent cognitive examinations and high-density EEG monitoring one and two years after the stroke. The developed automatic algorithm demonstrated that it can reliably estimate functional connectivity and that it is robust against the physiological and technical artifacts. The proposed processing pipeline allows an unbiased and quantitative characterization of cognitive performance and its comparison with functional connectivity alterations.
{"title":"Automatic processing protocol to evaluate the impact of functional network damage and reorganization on cognitive functions after stroke","authors":"L. Svobodová, R. Janca, P. Jiruška","doi":"10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478769","url":null,"abstract":"An ischemic stroke is a local lesion that disrupts the large-scale structural and functional connectivity of the brain. Although local, the ischemic stroke often leads to deficits in cognitive functions which can’t be explained by local brain damage. It is believed that stroke-induced large-scale network alteration represents the mechanisms responsible for a decline in cognitive functions which are dependent on large-scale integration. To gain insight into the pathophysiological principles of how a local lesion results in a global cognitive decline requires a reliable and robust algorithm that can quantify the relationship between cognitive functions and network properties. In this study, we have developed, optimized, and tested a processing pipeline to parameterize complex neuropsychological evaluation and determine the functional connectivity from high-density EEG recordings. The developed algorithm was applied on a cohort of 27 patients who suffered a stroke and who were underwent cognitive examinations and high-density EEG monitoring one and two years after the stroke. The developed automatic algorithm demonstrated that it can reliably estimate functional connectivity and that it is robust against the physiological and technical artifacts. The proposed processing pipeline allows an unbiased and quantitative characterization of cognitive performance and its comparison with functional connectivity alterations.","PeriodicalId":429222,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA)","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122565716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-23DOI: 10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478770
S. Casaccia, G. M. Revel, L. Scalise, Giacomo Cucchieri, L. Rossi
This paper is focused on identifying the accuracy of smartwatches (SWs) on the measurement of number of steps. Five SWs have been identified based on technical characteristics and costs from a list of 32 SWs available on the market. A metrological characterization on the selected SWs has been made on six subjects wearing all the SWs and doing walking activity with natural, slow and fast pace. R, R2 and statistical confidence, with coverage factor equal to 2, are computed considering videos as reference system to identify the number of steps. The overall statistical confidence is 4.2% for natural pace, 7.5% for the slow pace and 7.1% for the fast pace.
{"title":"Smartwatches selection: market analysis and metrological characterization on the measurement of number of steps","authors":"S. Casaccia, G. M. Revel, L. Scalise, Giacomo Cucchieri, L. Rossi","doi":"10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478770","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is focused on identifying the accuracy of smartwatches (SWs) on the measurement of number of steps. Five SWs have been identified based on technical characteristics and costs from a list of 32 SWs available on the market. A metrological characterization on the selected SWs has been made on six subjects wearing all the SWs and doing walking activity with natural, slow and fast pace. R, R2 and statistical confidence, with coverage factor equal to 2, are computed considering videos as reference system to identify the number of steps. The overall statistical confidence is 4.2% for natural pace, 7.5% for the slow pace and 7.1% for the fast pace.","PeriodicalId":429222,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA)","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124192657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-23DOI: 10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478607
Xingxing Liu, Tri Quang, Wenxiang Deng, Yang Liu
Fluorescence imaging has been widely utilized in various clinical applications. As a functional imaging modality, NIR fluorescence imaging often does not offer sufficient structural details. Therefore, structural imaging such as color reflectance overlaid with fluorescence imaging represents a superior approach for surgical visualization. Image registration of color reflectance and NIR fluorescence is needed for accurate overlay. In this study, we have implemented a deep convolutional algorithm for feature-based fluorescence-to-color image registration. Software-hardware codesign was conducted. Several sets of experiments were performed on biological tissues to compare the performance of our algorithm and traditional methods. We have demonstrated the feasibility of deep convolutional feature-based fluorescence-to-color image registration. To our best knowledge, this is the first demonstration of deep learning-based image registration between fluorescence and color imageries.
{"title":"Deep Convolutional Feature-Based Fluorescence-to-Color Image Registration","authors":"Xingxing Liu, Tri Quang, Wenxiang Deng, Yang Liu","doi":"10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478607","url":null,"abstract":"Fluorescence imaging has been widely utilized in various clinical applications. As a functional imaging modality, NIR fluorescence imaging often does not offer sufficient structural details. Therefore, structural imaging such as color reflectance overlaid with fluorescence imaging represents a superior approach for surgical visualization. Image registration of color reflectance and NIR fluorescence is needed for accurate overlay. In this study, we have implemented a deep convolutional algorithm for feature-based fluorescence-to-color image registration. Software-hardware codesign was conducted. Several sets of experiments were performed on biological tissues to compare the performance of our algorithm and traditional methods. We have demonstrated the feasibility of deep convolutional feature-based fluorescence-to-color image registration. To our best knowledge, this is the first demonstration of deep learning-based image registration between fluorescence and color imageries.","PeriodicalId":429222,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA)","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114615649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-23DOI: 10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478724
A. Inuggi, Alessia Tonelli, M. Gori
We present PsySuite, an Android App designed to perform multimodal behavioral tests in the temporal domain. This class of tests consists in delivering either unimodal or multimodal visual, acoustic and tactile stimuli and asking participants to evaluate their temporal features: duration, temporal distance between stimuli and simultaneity across different modalities. The accuracy and reproducibility of our stimuli production mechanism was evaluated with an oscilloscope on two different smartphones models. Then, we validated the App running two versions of the double-flash illusion (DFI) test in seven healthy adults. DFI was selected as it induces a perceptual illusion only when stimuli are precisely delivered within few milliseconds. We found the App could reliably produce stimuli with a minimum duration of 7 ms, 17 ms and 35 ms respectively for acoustic, visual and tactile stimuli. Oboe library outclassed AudioTrack solution in playing pairs of sounds, whilst visual and tactile performance was highly dependent on the smartphone’s model used. In the DFI test using "long" stimuli (35 ms) we did not find the flash illusion effect. We could run the "short" (audio: 7 ms, visual: 17 ms) stimuli version only with audio-visual stimuli and we found a strong effect consistent with the literature using classical experimental, PC-based, setups. These results suggest that our PsySuite App can be used to run highly demanding audio-visual psychophysics experiments obtaining the same effect found with classical setups.
{"title":"PsySuite, an Android App for behavioural tests in the temporal domain","authors":"A. Inuggi, Alessia Tonelli, M. Gori","doi":"10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478724","url":null,"abstract":"We present PsySuite, an Android App designed to perform multimodal behavioral tests in the temporal domain. This class of tests consists in delivering either unimodal or multimodal visual, acoustic and tactile stimuli and asking participants to evaluate their temporal features: duration, temporal distance between stimuli and simultaneity across different modalities. The accuracy and reproducibility of our stimuli production mechanism was evaluated with an oscilloscope on two different smartphones models. Then, we validated the App running two versions of the double-flash illusion (DFI) test in seven healthy adults. DFI was selected as it induces a perceptual illusion only when stimuli are precisely delivered within few milliseconds. We found the App could reliably produce stimuli with a minimum duration of 7 ms, 17 ms and 35 ms respectively for acoustic, visual and tactile stimuli. Oboe library outclassed AudioTrack solution in playing pairs of sounds, whilst visual and tactile performance was highly dependent on the smartphone’s model used. In the DFI test using \"long\" stimuli (35 ms) we did not find the flash illusion effect. We could run the \"short\" (audio: 7 ms, visual: 17 ms) stimuli version only with audio-visual stimuli and we found a strong effect consistent with the literature using classical experimental, PC-based, setups. These results suggest that our PsySuite App can be used to run highly demanding audio-visual psychophysics experiments obtaining the same effect found with classical setups.","PeriodicalId":429222,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115153927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-23DOI: 10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478757
R. Selzler, A. Chan, J. Green
The autonomic nervous system is known for the fight or flight response. Anxiety affects the autonomic nervous system, causing heightened heart rate and electrodermal activity. This paper explores machine learning methods to predict two- and three-level anxiety in spider fearful individuals watching spider video clips in a controlled trial. Features are extracted from electrocardiogram and electrodermal time-series signals. Specifically, this paper explores the performance of such models as the amount of data pertaining to the test subject increases in the training set. Standard K-fold cross-validation is here compared to leaky group-fold cross-validation with sample imputation, where we systematically vary the the number of samples from the test subject that are included in the training set. While it is possible to reach 78% and 60% k-fold accuracy for a two- and three-level anxiety prediction, respectively, excluding all test subject data from the training set causes the accuracy to drop to 73% and 45%. The results demonstrate that the features and models used here do not generalize for inter-subject classification tasks and that care should be taken when splitting subject data between training and test data. Furthermore, our results address the "cold start problem" by providing an indication of how much data would be required from a new subject before accurate prediction of anxiety is possible from physiologic data.
{"title":"Impact of Subject-specific Training Data in Anxiety Level Classification from Physiologic Data","authors":"R. Selzler, A. Chan, J. Green","doi":"10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478757","url":null,"abstract":"The autonomic nervous system is known for the fight or flight response. Anxiety affects the autonomic nervous system, causing heightened heart rate and electrodermal activity. This paper explores machine learning methods to predict two- and three-level anxiety in spider fearful individuals watching spider video clips in a controlled trial. Features are extracted from electrocardiogram and electrodermal time-series signals. Specifically, this paper explores the performance of such models as the amount of data pertaining to the test subject increases in the training set. Standard K-fold cross-validation is here compared to leaky group-fold cross-validation with sample imputation, where we systematically vary the the number of samples from the test subject that are included in the training set. While it is possible to reach 78% and 60% k-fold accuracy for a two- and three-level anxiety prediction, respectively, excluding all test subject data from the training set causes the accuracy to drop to 73% and 45%. The results demonstrate that the features and models used here do not generalize for inter-subject classification tasks and that care should be taken when splitting subject data between training and test data. Furthermore, our results address the \"cold start problem\" by providing an indication of how much data would be required from a new subject before accurate prediction of anxiety is possible from physiologic data.","PeriodicalId":429222,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA)","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122911344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-23DOI: 10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478600
Rahul Manoj, V. RajKiran, P. Nabeel, M. Sivaprakasam, J. Joseph
Central Arteries’ elastic nature plays a fundamental role in maintaining cardiovascular health. Timely assessment of arterial stiffness helps in cardiovascular risk stratification. Various technological and methodological approaches exist to estimate arterial stiffness, through direct measurement of stiffness markers or surrogates. This work highlights a potential surrogate for arterial stiffness, based on the early onset of reflection waves. The significance comes with using low frame rate A-mode ultrasound scans for processing arterial diameter, modelled as a sum of three Gaussians. The novelty lies in the Gaussian modelled reflection onset time $left( {tau _R^{GM}} right)$, derived using the model parameters, a potential surrogate for early reflections and arterial stiffness. An observational cross-sectional study group of 34 subjects were recruited to validate this hypothesis. A statistically significant (p < 0.0001) correlation was obtained for $tau _R^{GM}$ against known stiffness markers. An R > 0.85 was obtained against Elastic modulus, specific stiffness index, and Pulse wave velocity. There exists an inverse correlation between the $tau _R^{GM}$ and popular stiffness markers. A statistically significant (p < 0.0001) correlation was obtained for $tau _R^{GM}$ against age, with R = 0.56. The early reflections were reliably detected by the $tau _R^{GM}$ and the evidenced strong correlation with stiffness markers make it a potential surrogate for arterial stiffness assessment. The advantage being that it can be obtained from a single pulse waveform like diameter.
{"title":"Multi-Gaussian Model for Estimating Stiffness Surrogate using Arterial Diameter Waveform","authors":"Rahul Manoj, V. RajKiran, P. Nabeel, M. Sivaprakasam, J. Joseph","doi":"10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478600","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478600","url":null,"abstract":"Central Arteries’ elastic nature plays a fundamental role in maintaining cardiovascular health. Timely assessment of arterial stiffness helps in cardiovascular risk stratification. Various technological and methodological approaches exist to estimate arterial stiffness, through direct measurement of stiffness markers or surrogates. This work highlights a potential surrogate for arterial stiffness, based on the early onset of reflection waves. The significance comes with using low frame rate A-mode ultrasound scans for processing arterial diameter, modelled as a sum of three Gaussians. The novelty lies in the Gaussian modelled reflection onset time $left( {tau _R^{GM}} right)$, derived using the model parameters, a potential surrogate for early reflections and arterial stiffness. An observational cross-sectional study group of 34 subjects were recruited to validate this hypothesis. A statistically significant (p < 0.0001) correlation was obtained for $tau _R^{GM}$ against known stiffness markers. An R > 0.85 was obtained against Elastic modulus, specific stiffness index, and Pulse wave velocity. There exists an inverse correlation between the $tau _R^{GM}$ and popular stiffness markers. A statistically significant (p < 0.0001) correlation was obtained for $tau _R^{GM}$ against age, with R = 0.56. The early reflections were reliably detected by the $tau _R^{GM}$ and the evidenced strong correlation with stiffness markers make it a potential surrogate for arterial stiffness assessment. The advantage being that it can be obtained from a single pulse waveform like diameter.","PeriodicalId":429222,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA)","volume":"111 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124722357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-23DOI: 10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478670
A. D. Leo, P. Russo, G. Cerri
In this paper a novel antenna for an electromagnetic assistance system for autonomous walking of blind or visually impaired people is presented. Its main aim is to detect obstacles that the white cane is not able to intercept, in particular those that can hurt the head or thorax zone. The proposed antenna has a fan beam radiation pattern, works at 24 GHz, in a frequency band reserved for ISM (Industrial, Scientific and Medical) applications. The antenna is designed using a numerical electromagnetic tool and its capability to detect a wide set of obstacles was investigated through numerical simulations and experimental measurements. Results confirm the good performances of the antenna and its capability to extend by a few meters the region usually explored by the white cane.
{"title":"Electronic Travel Aid for Visually Impaired People: Design and Experimental of a Special Antenna","authors":"A. D. Leo, P. Russo, G. Cerri","doi":"10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478670","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper a novel antenna for an electromagnetic assistance system for autonomous walking of blind or visually impaired people is presented. Its main aim is to detect obstacles that the white cane is not able to intercept, in particular those that can hurt the head or thorax zone. The proposed antenna has a fan beam radiation pattern, works at 24 GHz, in a frequency band reserved for ISM (Industrial, Scientific and Medical) applications. The antenna is designed using a numerical electromagnetic tool and its capability to detect a wide set of obstacles was investigated through numerical simulations and experimental measurements. Results confirm the good performances of the antenna and its capability to extend by a few meters the region usually explored by the white cane.","PeriodicalId":429222,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125314544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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