Pub Date : 2021-06-23DOI: 10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478601
Hanen Nouri, D. Bouchaala, R. Gargouri, O. Kanoun
Howland current source is a promising circuit for bioimpedance measurement systems used in many medical applications. Although its simplicity and performance, it requires stability analysis due to its dependence on operational amplifier characteristics and resistor configuration. The trade-off between high output impedance and low output current, oscillations at high frequencies up to 1 MHz remains a challenge to ensure a stable Howland current source. Several cases studies of compensation capacitors in different positions in the circuit are analysed in order to guarantee at the same time a high output impedance and low output current oscillations at low and high frequencies.
{"title":"Stability Analysis for Howland Current Source for Bioimpedance Measurement","authors":"Hanen Nouri, D. Bouchaala, R. Gargouri, O. Kanoun","doi":"10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478601","url":null,"abstract":"Howland current source is a promising circuit for bioimpedance measurement systems used in many medical applications. Although its simplicity and performance, it requires stability analysis due to its dependence on operational amplifier characteristics and resistor configuration. The trade-off between high output impedance and low output current, oscillations at high frequencies up to 1 MHz remains a challenge to ensure a stable Howland current source. Several cases studies of compensation capacitors in different positions in the circuit are analysed in order to guarantee at the same time a high output impedance and low output current oscillations at low and high frequencies.","PeriodicalId":429222,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126872024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-23DOI: 10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478723
M. Ragolia, F. Attivissimo, A. Nisio, A. Lanzolla, M. Scarpetta
Surgery navigation techniques aim to support surgeons during operations, resulting in improved accuracy and patient safety. In this context, electromagnetic tracking systems (EMTSs) are mainly used since they enable real-time tracking of small EM sensors included in surgical tools without line-of-sight restrictions. On the other hand, these systems are very sensible to magnetic field variations that can affect sensor position estimation performance. In this paper we analyze how magnetic field variations caused by the noise of transmitting coils’ excitation currents affect system performance, and we propose a technique to reduce its undesirable effect. This method includes, in the position estimation algorithm, the measurement of excitation currents, thus compensating errors in sensor signal caused by current noise.Different simulation tests were performed to assess the proposed method which is based on modeling the magnetic field produced by the field generator (FG). Finally, it is validated by using experimental data provided by a novel EMTS prototype, obtaining noise peaks reduction and an overall mean position error of 3 mm at a distance of 600 mm from the FG.
{"title":"Reducing effect of magnetic field noise on sensor position estimation in surgical EM tracking","authors":"M. Ragolia, F. Attivissimo, A. Nisio, A. Lanzolla, M. Scarpetta","doi":"10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478723","url":null,"abstract":"Surgery navigation techniques aim to support surgeons during operations, resulting in improved accuracy and patient safety. In this context, electromagnetic tracking systems (EMTSs) are mainly used since they enable real-time tracking of small EM sensors included in surgical tools without line-of-sight restrictions. On the other hand, these systems are very sensible to magnetic field variations that can affect sensor position estimation performance. In this paper we analyze how magnetic field variations caused by the noise of transmitting coils’ excitation currents affect system performance, and we propose a technique to reduce its undesirable effect. This method includes, in the position estimation algorithm, the measurement of excitation currents, thus compensating errors in sensor signal caused by current noise.Different simulation tests were performed to assess the proposed method which is based on modeling the magnetic field produced by the field generator (FG). Finally, it is validated by using experimental data provided by a novel EMTS prototype, obtaining noise peaks reduction and an overall mean position error of 3 mm at a distance of 600 mm from the FG.","PeriodicalId":429222,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA)","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132741606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-23DOI: 10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478594
E. Panero, E. Digo, Virginia Ferrarese, U. Dimanico, L. Gastaldi
The complex biomechanical structure of the human spine requires a deep investigation to properly describe its physiological function and its kinematic contribution during motion. The computational approach allows the segmentation of the human spine into several rigid bodies connected by 3D joints. Despite the numerous solutions proposed by previous literature studies based on both inertial and stereophotogrammetric systems, the modelling of the human spine is characterized by some limitations such as the lack of standardization. Accordingly, the present preliminary study focused on the development of a multi-segments kinematic model of the human spine and its validation during gait trials. Three-dimensional spinal angular patterns and ranges of motion of one healthy young subject were considered as outcomes of interest. They were obtained by applying the YXZ Euler angles convention to the custom model. First, results were compared with those of the standard Plug-in-Gait full-body model, which segments the human spine into pelvis and trunk segments. Then, outcomes of the multi-segments model were compared with those obtained using the Tilt-Twist method. Overall, results stressed the importance of the spine segmentation, the major angular contributions of spinal regions during gait (Medium-Lumbar segments for lateral bending and flexion-extension, Thoracic-Medium segments for axial rotation), and the reliability of the proposed custom model (differences between Euler angles method and Tilt-Twist method lower than 0.5° in most cases). Future analysis on a larger healthy population and in the clinical context might be implemented to optimize, standardize and validate the proposed human spine model.
{"title":"Multi-Segments Kinematic Model of the Human Spine during Gait","authors":"E. Panero, E. Digo, Virginia Ferrarese, U. Dimanico, L. Gastaldi","doi":"10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478594","url":null,"abstract":"The complex biomechanical structure of the human spine requires a deep investigation to properly describe its physiological function and its kinematic contribution during motion. The computational approach allows the segmentation of the human spine into several rigid bodies connected by 3D joints. Despite the numerous solutions proposed by previous literature studies based on both inertial and stereophotogrammetric systems, the modelling of the human spine is characterized by some limitations such as the lack of standardization. Accordingly, the present preliminary study focused on the development of a multi-segments kinematic model of the human spine and its validation during gait trials. Three-dimensional spinal angular patterns and ranges of motion of one healthy young subject were considered as outcomes of interest. They were obtained by applying the YXZ Euler angles convention to the custom model. First, results were compared with those of the standard Plug-in-Gait full-body model, which segments the human spine into pelvis and trunk segments. Then, outcomes of the multi-segments model were compared with those obtained using the Tilt-Twist method. Overall, results stressed the importance of the spine segmentation, the major angular contributions of spinal regions during gait (Medium-Lumbar segments for lateral bending and flexion-extension, Thoracic-Medium segments for axial rotation), and the reliability of the proposed custom model (differences between Euler angles method and Tilt-Twist method lower than 0.5° in most cases). Future analysis on a larger healthy population and in the clinical context might be implemented to optimize, standardize and validate the proposed human spine model.","PeriodicalId":429222,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA)","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133417946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-23DOI: 10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478777
H. Tsai, L. Chao, Cheng-Ru Li, Kuo-Cheng Huang, Yu-Hsuan Lin, D. Shieh
Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) has been widely employed for the positive or negative detection of bacteria or viruses, particularly SARS-CoV-2. Fluorescence signal and cycle threshold information is critical for the positive and negative detection of target test samples in qPCR systems. To determine viral concentration, the fluorescence intensity of each cycle must be recorded using a qPCR system. In general, the time points of fluorescence excitation and excitation light intensity affect fluorescence intensity. Thus, this study proposed an effective excitation method for enhancing fluorescence intensity. Several parameters, including excitation light intensity, the excitation time point, and the reaction time of the reagent at each temperature stage, were modified in assessing fluorescence performance and determining suitable parameters for fluorescence excitation in a qPCR system. Fluorescence intensity resulted in the most optimal fluorescence performance; specifically, excitation was triggered by using a 30 mA current, and the excitation light was activated when the temperature decreased to 60 °C. Total reaction time was 1 s, and the concentrated fluorescence value and suitable cycle threshold value were obtained. Overall, high efficiency, low fluorescence decay, and high light stability were observed. The present findings demonstrate that controlling the time point of excitation light can enhance the fluorescence efficiency and performance of qPCR systems, with relevant benefits in medical diagnostics and rapid viral detection, among other applications.
{"title":"Enhancing the Fluorescence and Cycle Threshold of qPCR Devices Through Excitation Time Point Adjustment","authors":"H. Tsai, L. Chao, Cheng-Ru Li, Kuo-Cheng Huang, Yu-Hsuan Lin, D. Shieh","doi":"10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478777","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478777","url":null,"abstract":"Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) has been widely employed for the positive or negative detection of bacteria or viruses, particularly SARS-CoV-2. Fluorescence signal and cycle threshold information is critical for the positive and negative detection of target test samples in qPCR systems. To determine viral concentration, the fluorescence intensity of each cycle must be recorded using a qPCR system. In general, the time points of fluorescence excitation and excitation light intensity affect fluorescence intensity. Thus, this study proposed an effective excitation method for enhancing fluorescence intensity. Several parameters, including excitation light intensity, the excitation time point, and the reaction time of the reagent at each temperature stage, were modified in assessing fluorescence performance and determining suitable parameters for fluorescence excitation in a qPCR system. Fluorescence intensity resulted in the most optimal fluorescence performance; specifically, excitation was triggered by using a 30 mA current, and the excitation light was activated when the temperature decreased to 60 °C. Total reaction time was 1 s, and the concentrated fluorescence value and suitable cycle threshold value were obtained. Overall, high efficiency, low fluorescence decay, and high light stability were observed. The present findings demonstrate that controlling the time point of excitation light can enhance the fluorescence efficiency and performance of qPCR systems, with relevant benefits in medical diagnostics and rapid viral detection, among other applications.","PeriodicalId":429222,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129840775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-23DOI: 10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478595
D. Goubran, S. Lichtenstein, R. Goubran, J. Larivière-Chartier, J. Abel
A better understanding of the effects of variable inflow velocities on coronary capillary resistance is essential to creating a predictive model for personalized coronary flow. This paper proposes an experimental setup and presents measurement results for coronary artery capillary resistance with variable inflow conditions. A peristaltic pump with a programmable controller is used to pump fluid into distal coronary artery branches of cadaveric porcine hearts. The resulting pressures are recorded using transduced continuous pressure monitoring. The paper analyses the transient resistive pressure in coronary arteries and shows the capillary resistive pressures as a function of variable inflow conditions.
{"title":"Measuring Coronary Artery Capillary Resistance with Variable Inflow Conditions","authors":"D. Goubran, S. Lichtenstein, R. Goubran, J. Larivière-Chartier, J. Abel","doi":"10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478595","url":null,"abstract":"A better understanding of the effects of variable inflow velocities on coronary capillary resistance is essential to creating a predictive model for personalized coronary flow. This paper proposes an experimental setup and presents measurement results for coronary artery capillary resistance with variable inflow conditions. A peristaltic pump with a programmable controller is used to pump fluid into distal coronary artery branches of cadaveric porcine hearts. The resulting pressures are recorded using transduced continuous pressure monitoring. The paper analyses the transient resistive pressure in coronary arteries and shows the capillary resistive pressures as a function of variable inflow conditions.","PeriodicalId":429222,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130278392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-23DOI: 10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478695
Ashi Agarwal, Bruce Wallace, L. Ault, J. Larivière-Chartier, F. Knoefel, R. Goubran, J. Kaye, Z. Beattie, N. Thomas
With the aging of the population in Canada and elsewhere, applications of Smart Homes for well-being sensing are increasingly being considered in health care. Many of these smart home networks rely on the Zigbee wireless protocol to connect sensors used to measure various health outcomes. This paper provides preliminary results of gait estimation performed on 3 different residences over 11 months using Zigbee connected motion sensors, with a focus on understanding accuracy limitations induced by the Zigbee communication protocol. The accuracy limitations were also observed in the results from a controlled experiment done with 2 different sets of Zigbee motion sensors. This paper provides an in-depth analysis on root cause of variance in gait estimation at the same time laying out conservative variance estimations caused by different scenarios. The accuracy considerations highlighted by the paper are also applicable for all other time sensitive measures. Results of this paper necessitate further analysis of the use of Zigbee operated sensor networks in the evaluation of time sensitive measures.
{"title":"Using Zigbee Sensors for Ambient Measurement of Human Gait – Analytical Considerations","authors":"Ashi Agarwal, Bruce Wallace, L. Ault, J. Larivière-Chartier, F. Knoefel, R. Goubran, J. Kaye, Z. Beattie, N. Thomas","doi":"10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478695","url":null,"abstract":"With the aging of the population in Canada and elsewhere, applications of Smart Homes for well-being sensing are increasingly being considered in health care. Many of these smart home networks rely on the Zigbee wireless protocol to connect sensors used to measure various health outcomes. This paper provides preliminary results of gait estimation performed on 3 different residences over 11 months using Zigbee connected motion sensors, with a focus on understanding accuracy limitations induced by the Zigbee communication protocol. The accuracy limitations were also observed in the results from a controlled experiment done with 2 different sets of Zigbee motion sensors. This paper provides an in-depth analysis on root cause of variance in gait estimation at the same time laying out conservative variance estimations caused by different scenarios. The accuracy considerations highlighted by the paper are also applicable for all other time sensitive measures. Results of this paper necessitate further analysis of the use of Zigbee operated sensor networks in the evaluation of time sensitive measures.","PeriodicalId":429222,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA)","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123476360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-23DOI: 10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478741
Hedieh Hashem Olhosseiny, Mohammadsalar Mirzaloo, M. Bolic, H. Dajani, V. Groza, Masayoshi Yoshida
Atherosclerosis refers to the buildup of plaque on the artery walls. As the disease advances in its further stages, its burden could lead to stroke or heart attack. Atherosclerosis develops gradually, and mild stages of the condition are usually symptomless. Diagnosing patients in their early stages of the disease can facilitate timely clinical interventions enhancing patient’s quality of life by altering the course of the disease. The work presented in this paper is focused on classifying patients who are at high risk of Atherosclerosis using simple diagnosis tools available in every clinic. The final system is a prescreening tool providing the medical practitioners with recommendations regarding the disease. High risk patients can be referred to a cardiologist for further assessments. A dataset of 44 patients was collected including 17 low-risk and 27 high-risk patients. Two different approaches were taken, 1. using deep learning and time series data (ECG signals) 2. using traditional machine learning algorithms and tabular data. In the first approach, a Conv-GRU model was trained using ECG signals collected from patients. This method resulted in an average accuracy of 77% which was computed over 4 folds using cross validation. In the second approach, Stacking, an ensemble learning technique in which the final prediction is obtained by combining the prediction of different machine learning models trained on several attributes readily collected in the clinic, was used. An average accuracy of 81% was achieved using this method.
{"title":"Identifying High Risk of Atherosclerosis Using Deep Learning and Ensemble Learning","authors":"Hedieh Hashem Olhosseiny, Mohammadsalar Mirzaloo, M. Bolic, H. Dajani, V. Groza, Masayoshi Yoshida","doi":"10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478741","url":null,"abstract":"Atherosclerosis refers to the buildup of plaque on the artery walls. As the disease advances in its further stages, its burden could lead to stroke or heart attack. Atherosclerosis develops gradually, and mild stages of the condition are usually symptomless. Diagnosing patients in their early stages of the disease can facilitate timely clinical interventions enhancing patient’s quality of life by altering the course of the disease. The work presented in this paper is focused on classifying patients who are at high risk of Atherosclerosis using simple diagnosis tools available in every clinic. The final system is a prescreening tool providing the medical practitioners with recommendations regarding the disease. High risk patients can be referred to a cardiologist for further assessments. A dataset of 44 patients was collected including 17 low-risk and 27 high-risk patients. Two different approaches were taken, 1. using deep learning and time series data (ECG signals) 2. using traditional machine learning algorithms and tabular data. In the first approach, a Conv-GRU model was trained using ECG signals collected from patients. This method resulted in an average accuracy of 77% which was computed over 4 folds using cross validation. In the second approach, Stacking, an ensemble learning technique in which the final prediction is obtained by combining the prediction of different machine learning models trained on several attributes readily collected in the clinic, was used. An average accuracy of 81% was achieved using this method.","PeriodicalId":429222,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA)","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127084031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-23DOI: 10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478702
F. Amitrano, A. Coccia, L. Donisi, G. Pagano, G. Cesarelli, G. D'Addio
Sock is a wearable e-textile sock for gait analysis. It is based on the acquisition and digital processing of the angular velocities of the lower limbs. In this paper we focus on the study of test-retest reliability of this system in measuring spatio-temporal gait parameters. The analysis was simultaneously conducted on data acquired by a multicamera system for gait analysis (SMART-DX 700 by BTS), in order to have reference values. A group of healthy subjects, equipped with both systems, performed four repeated walking tests along an 11 m walkway, consecutively and under constant conditions. The four tests were repeated at preferred, slow and fast self- selected walking speed. The Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) and Minimum Detectable Change (MDC) were evaluated to assess the repeatability of the measures. ICC values range from moderate to excellent for all gait parameters assessed by smart socks. The novel system presents test-retest reliability values comparable to, if not higher than, those shown by the gold standard. Finally, the results of gait reliability as a function of walking speed show excellent ICCs and very low MDCs for all parameters evaluated on trials at fast velocity, supporting the referenced hypothesis that faster movement is more consistent.
{"title":"Gait Analysis using Wearable E-Textile Sock: an Experimental Study of Test-Retest Reliability","authors":"F. Amitrano, A. Coccia, L. Donisi, G. Pagano, G. Cesarelli, G. D'Addio","doi":"10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478702","url":null,"abstract":"Sock is a wearable e-textile sock for gait analysis. It is based on the acquisition and digital processing of the angular velocities of the lower limbs. In this paper we focus on the study of test-retest reliability of this system in measuring spatio-temporal gait parameters. The analysis was simultaneously conducted on data acquired by a multicamera system for gait analysis (SMART-DX 700 by BTS), in order to have reference values. A group of healthy subjects, equipped with both systems, performed four repeated walking tests along an 11 m walkway, consecutively and under constant conditions. The four tests were repeated at preferred, slow and fast self- selected walking speed. The Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) and Minimum Detectable Change (MDC) were evaluated to assess the repeatability of the measures. ICC values range from moderate to excellent for all gait parameters assessed by smart socks. The novel system presents test-retest reliability values comparable to, if not higher than, those shown by the gold standard. Finally, the results of gait reliability as a function of walking speed show excellent ICCs and very low MDCs for all parameters evaluated on trials at fast velocity, supporting the referenced hypothesis that faster movement is more consistent.","PeriodicalId":429222,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126030690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-23DOI: 10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478775
Flavia Forconi, L. Apa, L. D’Alvia, Marianna Cosentino, E. Rizzuto, Z. Prete
Electrical stimulation (ES) highly influences the cellular microenvironment, affecting cell migration, proliferation and differentiation. It also plays a crucial role in tissue engineering to improve the biomechanical properties of the constructs and regenerate the damaged tissues. However, the effects of the ES on the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) are still not fully analyzed. In this context, the development of a specialized microfluidic device combined with an ad-hoc electrical stimulation can allow a better investigation of the NMJ functionality. To this aim, we performed an analysis of the electric field distribution in a 3D neuromuscular junction microfluidic device for the design of several electrode systems. At first, we designed and modeled the 3D microfluidic device in order to promote the formation of the NMJ between neuronal cells and the muscle engineered tissue. Subsequently, with the aim of identifying the optimal electrode configuration able to properly stimulate the neurites, thus enhancing the formation of the NMJ, we performed different simulation tests of the electric field distribution, by varying the electrode type, size, position and applied voltage. Our results revealed that all the tested configurations did not induce an electric field dangerous for the cell vitality. Among these configurations, the one with cylindrical pin of 0.3 mm of radius, placed in the internal position of the neuronal chambers, allowed to obtain the highest electrical field in the zone comprising the neurites.
{"title":"Electric field distribution analysis for the design of an electrode system in a 3D neuromuscular junction microfluidic device","authors":"Flavia Forconi, L. Apa, L. D’Alvia, Marianna Cosentino, E. Rizzuto, Z. Prete","doi":"10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478775","url":null,"abstract":"Electrical stimulation (ES) highly influences the cellular microenvironment, affecting cell migration, proliferation and differentiation. It also plays a crucial role in tissue engineering to improve the biomechanical properties of the constructs and regenerate the damaged tissues. However, the effects of the ES on the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) are still not fully analyzed. In this context, the development of a specialized microfluidic device combined with an ad-hoc electrical stimulation can allow a better investigation of the NMJ functionality. To this aim, we performed an analysis of the electric field distribution in a 3D neuromuscular junction microfluidic device for the design of several electrode systems. At first, we designed and modeled the 3D microfluidic device in order to promote the formation of the NMJ between neuronal cells and the muscle engineered tissue. Subsequently, with the aim of identifying the optimal electrode configuration able to properly stimulate the neurites, thus enhancing the formation of the NMJ, we performed different simulation tests of the electric field distribution, by varying the electrode type, size, position and applied voltage. Our results revealed that all the tested configurations did not induce an electric field dangerous for the cell vitality. Among these configurations, the one with cylindrical pin of 0.3 mm of radius, placed in the internal position of the neuronal chambers, allowed to obtain the highest electrical field in the zone comprising the neurites.","PeriodicalId":429222,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126081061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-23DOI: 10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478773
Yu-Chieh Chen, J. Tsan, Wen-Yen Lin
The accurate measurement of respiration rate in sleeping patients requires the patients to be in a comfortable state. Current measurement systems usually require patients to wear tights because the sensors must be close to the body to enable the acquisition of high-quality measurements. However, tights are uncomfortable when worn for a long period, especially during sleep. Moreover, current systems are marred by poor battery life, which is a major problem for overnight monitoring processes; existing battery designs cannot be integrated into smart clothing, which must be waterproof to protect electronic components during laundry.To solve these problems, this study developed a wireless power– supplied optical respiratory measurement module (wireless-ORM), which can be integrated with cotton clothing for the optical, noncontact measurement of respiratory rate. This module is powered wirelessly, which eliminates the need for a battery and allows for an indefinite power supply. The wireless-ORM can also be easily covered with a waterproof membrane for waterproofing. We fabricated and tested a prototype of the wireless-ORM measuring 197 × 20 × 3 mm3 in volume and 2.8 g in weight. The sensor was determined to function at distances up to 40 mm from the body, meaning that respiration rate could be measured even with thick winter clothes. The wireless-ORM could also receive power wirelessly up to 70 cm from a base station. Due to its small size, the wireless-ORM can be wrapped in plastic for waterproofing to enable its use in smart clothing.
{"title":"Wirelessly Powered Device for Optical Measurement of Respiration Rate","authors":"Yu-Chieh Chen, J. Tsan, Wen-Yen Lin","doi":"10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MeMeA52024.2021.9478773","url":null,"abstract":"The accurate measurement of respiration rate in sleeping patients requires the patients to be in a comfortable state. Current measurement systems usually require patients to wear tights because the sensors must be close to the body to enable the acquisition of high-quality measurements. However, tights are uncomfortable when worn for a long period, especially during sleep. Moreover, current systems are marred by poor battery life, which is a major problem for overnight monitoring processes; existing battery designs cannot be integrated into smart clothing, which must be waterproof to protect electronic components during laundry.To solve these problems, this study developed a wireless power– supplied optical respiratory measurement module (wireless-ORM), which can be integrated with cotton clothing for the optical, noncontact measurement of respiratory rate. This module is powered wirelessly, which eliminates the need for a battery and allows for an indefinite power supply. The wireless-ORM can also be easily covered with a waterproof membrane for waterproofing. We fabricated and tested a prototype of the wireless-ORM measuring 197 × 20 × 3 mm3 in volume and 2.8 g in weight. The sensor was determined to function at distances up to 40 mm from the body, meaning that respiration rate could be measured even with thick winter clothes. The wireless-ORM could also receive power wirelessly up to 70 cm from a base station. Due to its small size, the wireless-ORM can be wrapped in plastic for waterproofing to enable its use in smart clothing.","PeriodicalId":429222,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA)","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126686051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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