Spatial Demography最新文献

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Evolution of Life Expectancy at Birth in French Départements Over the Period 1833–1982 1833-1982 年期间法国各省出生时预期寿命的演变

IF 1.9 Q3 DEMOGRAPHY

Spatial Demography

Pub Date : 2017-06-26 DOI: 10.1007/s40980-017-0035-y

Jesús J. Sánchez-Barricarte, Patricia Carracedo, Adina Iftimi, Ana Debón, Francisco Montes

This paper deals with spatial aspects of trends in life expectancy at birth in the French metropolitan départements over the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Data from the censuses conducted from 1833 to 1982 were used to calculate the life expectancy at birth for both sexes togheter, $$e_0$$e0. The overall fertility index ($$I_f$$If), marital fertility index ($$I_g$$Ig) and nuptiality index ($$I_m$$Im) were also calculated for each 5-year period within the same time span. The analysis has two facets: a first, descriptive part in which we establish clusters of départements with similar or different patterns of evolution over the period above mentioned; and a second part in which the effect of covariables in changes in $$e_0$$e0 are examined. In addition their coefficients were interpreted including the direct and spatial spillover effects. Unlike earlier studies, in which a spatio-temporal analysis was performed, the time function showing changes in $$e_0$$e0 is reduced to a single value which measures the distance or affinity between the functions of time in each département, which enables us to carry out an exploratory spatial data analysis and apply spatial econometric models.

本文论述了十九世纪和二十世纪法国大区出生时预期寿命趋势的空间方面。本文利用 1833 年至 1982 年人口普查的数据，计算了男女出生时预期寿命的总和（$$e_0$e0）。此外，还计算了同一时间跨度内每个五年期的总体生育指数（$I_f$$If）、婚姻生育指数（$I_g$$Ig）和结婚指数（$I_m$$Im）。分析包括两个方面：第一部分是描述性的，我们将上述期间具有相似或不同演变模式的省份分组；第二部分是研究协变量对 $$e_0$e0 变化的影响。此外，还对其系数进行了解释，包括直接和空间溢出效应。与之前进行时空分析的研究不同，显示 e$_0$e0 变化的时间函数被简化为一个单一值，用于衡量各省时间函数之间的距离或亲和力，这使我们能够进行探索性空间数据分析并应用空间计量经济学模型。

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引用次数: 0

Diversity or Segregation? A Multi-decadal Spatial Analysis of Demographics of Atlanta Neighborhoods 多样性还是隔离？亚特兰大街区人口统计的十年空间分析

IF 1.9 Q3 DEMOGRAPHY

Spatial Demography

Pub Date : 2017-06-13 DOI: 10.1007/s40980-017-0034-z

Shrinidhi Ambinakudige, Domenico Parisi, Giorgio Carlo Cappello, Aynaz Lotfata

The City of Atlanta has seen phenomenal urban expansion, racial re-composition, and migration patterns over decades. In this paper, we try to answer overarching question: Has the economic development and urban sprawl in Atlanta been accompanied by racially diverse neighborhoods? Or has the economic development in Atlanta led to a racially integrated landscape? We use demographic data from the U.S. Census Bureau, the Internal Revenue Service, and the Panel Study for Income Dynamics. First, we use hotspot analysis to study temporal changes in spatial patterns of concentration of the black population in Atlanta. Second, using the index of dissimilarity (D) and interaction index (I), we estimate the extent of segregation between whites and blacks. Third, we calculate the migration effectiveness in three sub-regions of Atlanta. The results show that hotspots of the black population are located in the central and south-central parts of Atlanta, and have expanded predominantly in the eastern and southern directions during the last four decades. Racial diversity has increased generally in the counties immediately north of the city proper, but the southern and peripheral counties had less racial diversity. Remarkably, southern Atlanta did not witness the economic development in the same way as northern Atlanta. The migration effectiveness index shows that, in recent years, Atlanta suburbs attracted more migrants, both from within the Atlanta region and from the rest of the United States, as compared to the Atlanta city proper. In recent decades, neighborhoods in the Suburb-I becoming racially more diverse, and one would expect this trend will extend in other regions too in the future.

几十年来，亚特兰大市经历了惊人的城市扩张、种族重组和移民模式。在本文中，我们试图回答一个首要问题：亚特兰大的经济发展和城市扩张是否伴随着种族多样化的社区？还是亚特兰大的经济发展导致了种族融合的景观？我们使用了来自美国人口普查局、国内税收署和收入动态面板研究的人口数据。首先，我们使用热点分析来研究亚特兰大黑人人口集中的空间模式的时间变化。其次，我们使用差异指数（D）和互动指数（I）来估计白人和黑人之间的隔离程度。第三，我们计算了亚特兰大三个次区域的移民效果。结果显示，黑人人口的热点地区位于亚特兰大的中部和中南部，在过去 40 年中主要向东部和南部方向扩展。亚特兰大市北部各县的种族多样性普遍增加，但南部和周边各县的种族多样性较少。值得注意的是，亚特兰大南部并没有像亚特兰大北部那样迎来经济发展。移民效率指数显示，近年来，亚特兰大郊区吸引了更多的移民，无论是来自亚特兰大地区内部还是美国其他地区，与亚特兰大市区相比都是如此。近几十年来，郊区 I 的居民区在种族上变得更加多样化，预计未来这一趋势也将在其他地区蔓延。

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引用次数: 0

Tools for Interactive Visualization of Global Demographic Concepts in R 全球人口统计概念的交互式可视化工具

IF 1.9 Q3 DEMOGRAPHY

Spatial Demography

Pub Date : 2016-08-02 DOI: 10.1007/s40980-016-0029-1

K. Walker

引用次数: 2

Measuring Spatial Accessibility to Urban Facilities and Services in Tehran 德黑兰城市设施和服务的空间可达性测量

IF 1.9 Q3 DEMOGRAPHY

Spatial Demography

Pub Date : 2016-07-21 DOI: 10.1007/s40980-016-0028-2

H. Rabiei-Dastjerdi, S. Matthews, A. Ardalan

引用次数: 17

Spatially Revised Estimation of Infant Mortality in Bangladesh 孟加拉国婴儿死亡率的空间修正估计

IF 1.9 Q3 DEMOGRAPHY

Spatial Demography

Pub Date : 2016-07-04 DOI: 10.1007/s40980-016-0025-5

P. Roy, Jahida Gulshan, S. S. Hossain

引用次数: 2

Influence of Demographic and Health Survey Point Displacements on Raster-Based Analyses. 人口与健康调查点位移对栅格分析的影响。

IF 1.9 Q3 DEMOGRAPHY

Spatial Demography

Pub Date : 2016-07-01 Epub Date: 2015-06-23 DOI: 10.1007/s40980-015-0013-1

Carolina Perez-Heydrich, Joshua L Warren, Clara R Burgert, Michael E Emch

With this paper we explore the sensitivity of study results to spatial displacements associated with Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data in research that integrates ancillary raster data. Through simulation studies, we found that the impact of DHS point displacements on raster-based analyses can be moderated through the generation of covariates representing average values from neighborhood buffers. Additionally, raster surface characteristics (i.e., spatial smoothness) were found to affect the extent of bias introduced through point displacements. Although simple point extraction produced unbiased estimates in analyses involving smooth continuous surfaces, it is not recommended in analyses that involve categorical raster surfaces.

在本文中，我们探讨了在整合辅助光栅数据的研究中，研究结果对与人口与健康调查(DHS)数据相关的空间位移的敏感性。通过模拟研究，我们发现DHS点位移对基于栅格的分析的影响可以通过生成代表邻域缓冲区平均值的协变量来缓和。此外，发现栅格表面特征(即空间平滑度)会影响通过点位移引入的偏差程度。虽然简单的点提取在涉及光滑连续表面的分析中产生无偏估计，但不建议在涉及分类光栅表面的分析中使用。

引用次数: 30

Analyzing Spatial Distribution of Antenatal Care Utilization in West Africa Using a Geo-additive Zero-Inflated Count Model 利用地理加性零膨胀计数模型分析西非产前保健利用的空间分布

IF 1.9 Q3 DEMOGRAPHY

Spatial Demography

Pub Date : 2016-07-01 DOI: 10.1007/s40980-016-0027-3

E. Gayawan, O. T. Omolofe

引用次数: 10

Influence of Demographic and Health Survey Point Displacements on Point-in-Polygon Analyses. 人口与健康调查点位移对点-多边形分析的影响。

IF 1.9 Q3 DEMOGRAPHY

Spatial Demography

Pub Date : 2016-07-01 Epub Date: 2015-06-20 DOI: 10.1007/s40980-015-0015-z

Joshua L Warren, Carolina Perez-Heydrich, Clara R Burgert, Michael E Emch

We use Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data to evaluate the impact of random spatial displacements on analyses that involve assigning covariate values from ancillary areal and point feature data. We introduce a method to determine the maximum probability covariate (MPC), and compare this to the naive covariate (NC) selection method with respect to obtaining the true covariate of interest. The MPC selection method outperforms the NC selection method by increasing the probability that the correct covariate is chosen. Proposed guidelines also address how characteristics of ancillary areal and point features contribute to uncertainty in covariate assignment.

我们使用人口与健康调查(DHS)数据来评估随机空间位移对分析的影响，这些分析涉及分配辅助面积和点特征数据的协变量值。我们介绍了一种确定最大概率协变量(MPC)的方法，并将其与朴素协变量(NC)选择方法在获得真正感兴趣的协变量方面进行了比较。MPC选择方法通过增加选择正确协变量的概率而优于NC选择方法。建议的指南还解决了辅助面和点特征的特征如何导致协变量分配的不确定性。

引用次数: 7

Influence of Demographic and Health Survey Point Displacements on Distance-Based Analyses. 人口和健康调查点位移对基于距离的分析的影响。

IF 1.9 Q3 DEMOGRAPHY

Spatial Demography

Pub Date : 2016-07-01 Epub Date: 2015-06-23 DOI: 10.1007/s40980-015-0014-0

Joshua L Warren, Carolina Perez-Heydrich, Clara R Burgert, Michael E Emch

We evaluate the impacts of random spatial displacements on analyses that involve distance measures from displaced Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) clusters to nearest ancillary point or line features, such as health resources or roads. We use simulation and case studies to address the effects of this introduced error, and propose use of regression calibration (RC) to reduce its impact. Results suggest that RC outperforms analyses involving naive distance-based covariate assignments by reducing the bias and MSE of the main estimator in most settings. Proposed guidelines also address the effect of the spatial density of destination features on observed bias.

我们评估了随机空间流离失所对分析的影响，这些分析涉及从流离失所的人口和健康调查(DHS)集群到最近的辅助点或线特征(如卫生资源或道路)的距离测量。我们使用模拟和案例研究来解决这一引入误差的影响，并建议使用回归校准(RC)来减少其影响。结果表明，在大多数情况下，RC通过减少主估计器的偏差和MSE，优于涉及基于初始距离的协变量分配的分析。建议的指南还解决了目标特征的空间密度对观察到的偏差的影响。

引用次数: 18

Latent Trajectory Modeling of Spatiotemporal Relationships Between Land Cover and Land Use, Socioeconomics, and Obesity in Ghana 加纳土地覆盖与土地利用、社会经济学和肥胖时空关系的潜在轨迹模型

IF 1.9 Q3 DEMOGRAPHY

Spatial Demography

Pub Date : 2016-05-18 DOI: 10.1007/s40980-016-0024-6

Stephen E. S. Crook, Li An, J. Weeks, D. Stow

引用次数: 2

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