Pub Date : 2023-08-01DOI: 10.31577/orgf.2023.30303
Alex Blum
{"title":"On Everything Is Necessarily What It Is","authors":"Alex Blum","doi":"10.31577/orgf.2023.30303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31577/orgf.2023.30303","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43025,"journal":{"name":"Organon F","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135056326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-01DOI: 10.31577/orgf.2023.30304
Madelaine Angelova-elchinova
: In the following paper I propose an argument against inter-nalism about thought content. After a brief preview of the recent debate between Sarah Sawyer and Åsa Wikforss, the paper outlines the central issue in their discussion. I show that, even if Wikforss’ objections against Sawyer are granted, externalism about thought content can still prevail. For my argument, I use Wikforss` own objection against externalism and show how, if accepted, it binds one to the mythical figure of the perfect speaker – an infallible creature that possesses complete understanding of all of her concepts
{"title":"Perfect Thinkers, Perfect Speakers and Internalism about Thought Content","authors":"Madelaine Angelova-elchinova","doi":"10.31577/orgf.2023.30304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31577/orgf.2023.30304","url":null,"abstract":": In the following paper I propose an argument against inter-nalism about thought content. After a brief preview of the recent debate between Sarah Sawyer and Åsa Wikforss, the paper outlines the central issue in their discussion. I show that, even if Wikforss’ objections against Sawyer are granted, externalism about thought content can still prevail. For my argument, I use Wikforss` own objection against externalism and show how, if accepted, it binds one to the mythical figure of the perfect speaker – an infallible creature that possesses complete understanding of all of her concepts","PeriodicalId":43025,"journal":{"name":"Organon F","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135056310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-01DOI: 10.31577/orgf.2023.30301
Jonathan Bartlett
: Teleological causes have been generally disfavored in biological explanations because they have been thought to lack rigor or act as stand-ins for non-teleological processes which are simply not yet understood sufficiently. Teleological explanations in biology have been limited to only teleonomic causes, which are teleological causes that are due to codes or similarly reified mechanisms. However, advances in the conceptualization of teleological and teleonomic causation have allowed for more quantitative analyses of both. Additionally, although teleonomy has been historically excluded from potential causes of evolution, new research has shown that teleonomy actually plays a significant role in evolution. Combining these advances with advances in computability theory and information theory have allowed for a more rigorous and quantitative analysis of the capabilities and limitations of teleonomy in evolution.
{"title":"Causal Capabilities of Teleology and Teleonomy in Life and Evolution","authors":"Jonathan Bartlett","doi":"10.31577/orgf.2023.30301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31577/orgf.2023.30301","url":null,"abstract":": Teleological causes have been generally disfavored in biological explanations because they have been thought to lack rigor or act as stand-ins for non-teleological processes which are simply not yet understood sufficiently. Teleological explanations in biology have been limited to only teleonomic causes, which are teleological causes that are due to codes or similarly reified mechanisms. However, advances in the conceptualization of teleological and teleonomic causation have allowed for more quantitative analyses of both. Additionally, although teleonomy has been historically excluded from potential causes of evolution, new research has shown that teleonomy actually plays a significant role in evolution. Combining these advances with advances in computability theory and information theory have allowed for a more rigorous and quantitative analysis of the capabilities and limitations of teleonomy in evolution.","PeriodicalId":43025,"journal":{"name":"Organon F","volume":"109 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135055326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-01DOI: 10.31577/orgf.2023.30302
Serhiy Kiš
: The existence of deep moral disagreement is used in support of views ranging from moral relativism to the impossibility of moral expertise. This is done despite the fact that it is not at all clear whether deep moral disagreements actually occur, as the usually given examples are never of real life situations, but of some generalized debates on controversial issues. The paper will try to remedy this, as any strength of arguments appealing to deep moral disagreement is partly depended on the fact the disagreement exists. This will be done by showing that some real life conflicts that are intractable, i.e. notoriously difficult to resolve, share some important features with deep moral disagreement. The article also deals with the objection that the mere conceptual possibility renders illustrations of actually happening deep moral disagreements unnecessary. The problem with such objection is that it depends on theoretical assumptions (i.e. denial of moral realism) that are not uncontroversial. Instead, the article claims we need not only suppose deep moral disagreements exist because they actually occur when some intractable conflicts occur. Thus, in so far as to the deep moral disagreement’s existence, the arguments appealing to it are safe. But as intractable conflicts can be
{"title":"Does Deep Moral Disagreement Exist in Real Life?","authors":"Serhiy Kiš","doi":"10.31577/orgf.2023.30302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31577/orgf.2023.30302","url":null,"abstract":": The existence of deep moral disagreement is used in support of views ranging from moral relativism to the impossibility of moral expertise. This is done despite the fact that it is not at all clear whether deep moral disagreements actually occur, as the usually given examples are never of real life situations, but of some generalized debates on controversial issues. The paper will try to remedy this, as any strength of arguments appealing to deep moral disagreement is partly depended on the fact the disagreement exists. This will be done by showing that some real life conflicts that are intractable, i.e. notoriously difficult to resolve, share some important features with deep moral disagreement. The article also deals with the objection that the mere conceptual possibility renders illustrations of actually happening deep moral disagreements unnecessary. The problem with such objection is that it depends on theoretical assumptions (i.e. denial of moral realism) that are not uncontroversial. Instead, the article claims we need not only suppose deep moral disagreements exist because they actually occur when some intractable conflicts occur. Thus, in so far as to the deep moral disagreement’s existence, the arguments appealing to it are safe. But as intractable conflicts can be","PeriodicalId":43025,"journal":{"name":"Organon F","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135056323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.31577/orgf.2023.30202
F. Coniglione
: In this short paper, I will describe how I came across Leszek Nowak's ideas and how this influenced my student, Giacomo Bor-bone, to embark on a similar path. He has made an important contribution to the knowledge a particular school of thought and a phi-losopher who has often been overlooked in the international episte-mological discourse, a particular school of thought and a philosopher who has often been overlooked in the international epistemological discourse, despite the existence of similar concepts within it. I also aim to provide some insights into this neglect, attributing it not to the malice of individuals but to a broader dynamic between the dominant cultural center and intellectual peripheries, as highlighted by Nowak himself in some of his essays.
：在这篇短文中，我将描述我是如何发现Leszek Nowak的想法的，以及这是如何影响我的学生Giacomo Bor bone走上类似的道路的。他对这一知识做出了重要贡献——一个特定的学派和一个在国际书信论话语中经常被忽视的哲学家，一个特定学派和一位在国际认识论话语中常常被忽视的哲人，尽管其中存在类似的概念。我还想对这种忽视提供一些见解，将其归因于占主导地位的文化中心和知识边缘之间的更广泛的动态，而不是个人的恶意，正如诺瓦克本人在他的一些文章中所强调的那样。
{"title":"Leszek Nowak, a Neglected Thinker","authors":"F. Coniglione","doi":"10.31577/orgf.2023.30202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31577/orgf.2023.30202","url":null,"abstract":": In this short paper, I will describe how I came across Leszek Nowak's ideas and how this influenced my student, Giacomo Bor-bone, to embark on a similar path. He has made an important contribution to the knowledge a particular school of thought and a phi-losopher who has often been overlooked in the international episte-mological discourse, a particular school of thought and a philosopher who has often been overlooked in the international epistemological discourse, despite the existence of similar concepts within it. I also aim to provide some insights into this neglect, attributing it not to the malice of individuals but to a broader dynamic between the dominant cultural center and intellectual peripheries, as highlighted by Nowak himself in some of his essays.","PeriodicalId":43025,"journal":{"name":"Organon F","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48472444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.31577/orgf.2023.30206
Adolfo García de la Sienra
: After a brief comment on the historical importance of the Polish School of Logic, actually the cradle of structuralist philosophy of science, I discuss a problem in the notion of idealization, which usually is seen as a mere dropping of nullifying assumptions in order to obtain a more general theory-element.
{"title":"Comments on Borbone’s The Relevance of Models","authors":"Adolfo García de la Sienra","doi":"10.31577/orgf.2023.30206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31577/orgf.2023.30206","url":null,"abstract":": After a brief comment on the historical importance of the Polish School of Logic, actually the cradle of structuralist philosophy of science, I discuss a problem in the notion of idealization, which usually is seen as a mere dropping of nullifying assumptions in order to obtain a more general theory-element.","PeriodicalId":43025,"journal":{"name":"Organon F","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47167523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.31577/orgf.2023.30208
S. Turner
: Models are the coin of the realm in current philosophy of science, as they are in science itself, having replaced laws and theories as the primary strategy. Logical Positivism tried to erase the older neo-Kantian distinction between ideal constructions and reality. It returns in the case of models. Nowak’s concept of idealization provided an alternative account of this issue. It construed model application as concretizations of hypotheses which improve by accounting for exceptions. This appears to account for physical law. But it raises the problem of uniqueness: is the result unique, as physical law should be? Neo-Kantianism failed this test. Its solutions were circular justifications for claims of uniqueness. Nowak inherited the problem without resolving it.
{"title":"Nowak, Models, and the Lessons of Neo-Kantianism","authors":"S. Turner","doi":"10.31577/orgf.2023.30208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31577/orgf.2023.30208","url":null,"abstract":": Models are the coin of the realm in current philosophy of science, as they are in science itself, having replaced laws and theories as the primary strategy. Logical Positivism tried to erase the older neo-Kantian distinction between ideal constructions and reality. It returns in the case of models. Nowak’s concept of idealization provided an alternative account of this issue. It construed model application as concretizations of hypotheses which improve by accounting for exceptions. This appears to account for physical law. But it raises the problem of uniqueness: is the result unique, as physical law should be? Neo-Kantianism failed this test. Its solutions were circular justifications for claims of uniqueness. Nowak inherited the problem without resolving it.","PeriodicalId":43025,"journal":{"name":"Organon F","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47552453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.31577/orgf.2023.30204
K. Brzechczyn
: The paper is a voice in discussion over Giacomo Borbone’s book The Relevance of Models. Idealization and Concretization in Leszek Nowak. The author characterizes intellectual tradition of Poznań School of Methodology and considers types of interpretation of Marx’s writing adopted by Nowak and his collaborators. According to him idealization theory of sciences resulted from two kinds of interpretations: adaptive and historical ones
{"title":"Leszek Nowak, Idealization and Interpretation","authors":"K. Brzechczyn","doi":"10.31577/orgf.2023.30204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31577/orgf.2023.30204","url":null,"abstract":": The paper is a voice in discussion over Giacomo Borbone’s book The Relevance of Models. Idealization and Concretization in Leszek Nowak. The author characterizes intellectual tradition of Poznań School of Methodology and considers types of interpretation of Marx’s writing adopted by Nowak and his collaborators. According to him idealization theory of sciences resulted from two kinds of interpretations: adaptive and historical ones","PeriodicalId":43025,"journal":{"name":"Organon F","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48960778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.31577/orgf.2023.30205
T. Kuipers
: Leszek Nowak is rightly known as the pioneer of empirical concretization. As Giacomo Borbone notes, there is also a kind of conceptual concretization. This specific form of concept explication is illustrated by two transitions: from Bayesian conditionalization to Jeffrey conditionalization and from 'the straight rule' of learning from experience to Carnap's continuum of inductive methods. The paper closes with a schematic list of checkpoints for conceptual concretization in two rounds.
{"title":"Conceptual Concretization","authors":"T. Kuipers","doi":"10.31577/orgf.2023.30205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31577/orgf.2023.30205","url":null,"abstract":": Leszek Nowak is rightly known as the pioneer of empirical concretization. As Giacomo Borbone notes, there is also a kind of conceptual concretization. This specific form of concept explication is illustrated by two transitions: from Bayesian conditionalization to Jeffrey conditionalization and from 'the straight rule' of learning from experience to Carnap's continuum of inductive methods. The paper closes with a schematic list of checkpoints for conceptual concretization in two rounds.","PeriodicalId":43025,"journal":{"name":"Organon F","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43021178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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