Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3318/PRIC.2002.102.1.47
J. Holmes
Abstract:Open-aır preaching was a familiar sight on the streets of mid-nıneteenth-century Belfast and was conducted by all of the town's main Protestant denominations. While ıt was generally tolerated, ın the early autumn of 1857 an open-air sermon preached by the Reverend Hugh Hanna provoked a large-scale rıot. Why was this? Earlıer in the summer the parades and services surrounding the Twelfth of July Orange Order celebrations had provoked extensıve rioting and forced magistrates to cancel several open-air services. Hanna's service was quickly subsumed withın these existing community tensions. The attıtudes of the two major protagonısts only exacerbated the situation. To Hanna and hıs supporters, open-air preaching was evidence of the right of Protestants to practise their faith freely; to Catholics it was an intolerable nuisance, designed to harass them. Thus, the 1857 riots should be explained as the result not only of a battle for territorıal control of Belfast, but also of conflicting opınıons concernıng the acceptability of public manıfestations of religious belief wıthin divided communities.
{"title":"The Role of Open-Air Preaching in the Belfast Riots of 1857","authors":"J. Holmes","doi":"10.3318/PRIC.2002.102.1.47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/PRIC.2002.102.1.47","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Open-aır preaching was a familiar sight on the streets of mid-nıneteenth-century Belfast and was conducted by all of the town's main Protestant denominations. While ıt was generally tolerated, ın the early autumn of 1857 an open-air sermon preached by the Reverend Hugh Hanna provoked a large-scale rıot. Why was this? Earlıer in the summer the parades and services surrounding the Twelfth of July Orange Order celebrations had provoked extensıve rioting and forced magistrates to cancel several open-air services. Hanna's service was quickly subsumed withın these existing community tensions. The attıtudes of the two major protagonısts only exacerbated the situation. To Hanna and hıs supporters, open-air preaching was evidence of the right of Protestants to practise their faith freely; to Catholics it was an intolerable nuisance, designed to harass them. Thus, the 1857 riots should be explained as the result not only of a battle for territorıal control of Belfast, but also of conflicting opınıons concernıng the acceptability of public manıfestations of religious belief wıthin divided communities.","PeriodicalId":43075,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL IRISH ACADEMY SECTION C-ARCHAEOLOGY CELTIC STUDIES HISTORY LINGUISTICS LITERATURE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80790050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3318/priac.2021.121.09
B. Coghlan, B. Randell, Paul Hockie, Trish Gonzalez, David McQuillan, Reddy O'Regan
Abstract:A greatly expanded treatment is presented of the history of the family, life and work of Percy Ludgate, nearly 50 years after the 1971 and 1982 papers by Brian Randell revealed his work on a mechanical computer, and almost 100 years after Ludgate's death. The new material that has recently been obtained about this successor of Charles Babbage includes two very significant discoveries. The first is of a hitherto unknown contemporary published description of Ludgate's Analytical Machine, incorporating the only surviving drawing of it yet found; the second is of American descendants of Ludgate's niece, who have been allowed to erect a commemorative headstone on his previously unmarked grave.This is an open access article licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 International License. Open Access funding provided by IReL.
{"title":"Percy Ludgate (1883–1922), Ireland's first computer designer","authors":"B. Coghlan, B. Randell, Paul Hockie, Trish Gonzalez, David McQuillan, Reddy O'Regan","doi":"10.3318/priac.2021.121.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/priac.2021.121.09","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:A greatly expanded treatment is presented of the history of the family, life and work of Percy Ludgate, nearly 50 years after the 1971 and 1982 papers by Brian Randell revealed his work on a mechanical computer, and almost 100 years after Ludgate's death. The new material that has recently been obtained about this successor of Charles Babbage includes two very significant discoveries. The first is of a hitherto unknown contemporary published description of Ludgate's Analytical Machine, incorporating the only surviving drawing of it yet found; the second is of American descendants of Ludgate's niece, who have been allowed to erect a commemorative headstone on his previously unmarked grave.This is an open access article licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 International License. Open Access funding provided by IReL.","PeriodicalId":43075,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL IRISH ACADEMY SECTION C-ARCHAEOLOGY CELTIC STUDIES HISTORY LINGUISTICS LITERATURE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80904488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3318/PRIC.2003.103.1.191
Garrett FitzGerald
Abstract:The object of this paper is to provide detailed geographical data on the level of Irish-speaking amongst those who were aged 60 or more in 1911, these being survivors of the generation born during or not long before the Famine. Whilst some of those born during this period who were brought up as Irish-speakers in areas within which subsequent generations no longer spoke the language will have lost their command of Irish later in life, these data are presented as offering at least a minimum figure for Irish-speaking in each area in the second quarter of the nineteenth century. The use of data from the 1911 census in respect of dispensary districts and the smaller district electoral divisions provides a much more detailed indication of the geographical spread of the language during the period in question than could be provided by my earlier paper on this subject. That paper, offering data in respect of those born in each of the decades between 1770 and 1870, was based on age data for Irish-speaking from the 1851 to 1881 censuses of population-and those earlier censuses provided data only in respect of much larger geographical areas, viz. baronies. The validity of the 1911 census 60+ data as a method of deriving estimates of Irish-speaking in the period before the Famine is discussed. The pattern and scale of monoglot Irish-speaking in 1911 amongst those aged 60 and over is also presented.
{"title":"Irish-Speaking in the Pre-Famine Period: A Study Based on the 1911 Census Data for People Born before 1851 and Still Alive in 1911","authors":"Garrett FitzGerald","doi":"10.3318/PRIC.2003.103.1.191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/PRIC.2003.103.1.191","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The object of this paper is to provide detailed geographical data on the level of Irish-speaking amongst those who were aged 60 or more in 1911, these being survivors of the generation born during or not long before the Famine. Whilst some of those born during this period who were brought up as Irish-speakers in areas within which subsequent generations no longer spoke the language will have lost their command of Irish later in life, these data are presented as offering at least a minimum figure for Irish-speaking in each area in the second quarter of the nineteenth century. The use of data from the 1911 census in respect of dispensary districts and the smaller district electoral divisions provides a much more detailed indication of the geographical spread of the language during the period in question than could be provided by my earlier paper on this subject. That paper, offering data in respect of those born in each of the decades between 1770 and 1870, was based on age data for Irish-speaking from the 1851 to 1881 censuses of population-and those earlier censuses provided data only in respect of much larger geographical areas, viz. baronies. The validity of the 1911 census 60+ data as a method of deriving estimates of Irish-speaking in the period before the Famine is discussed. The pattern and scale of monoglot Irish-speaking in 1911 amongst those aged 60 and over is also presented.","PeriodicalId":43075,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL IRISH ACADEMY SECTION C-ARCHAEOLOGY CELTIC STUDIES HISTORY LINGUISTICS LITERATURE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89954219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3318/pric.2004.104.1.131
P. Harbison
Abstract:This is a partial reconstruction of an antiquarian sketching tour of counties Wicklow and Wexford undertaken in 1780 by the artists John James Barralet and Gabriel Beranger at the behest of William Burton Conyngham who, on behalf of the Hibernian Antiquarian Society, wanted to have their work engraved in a series of volumes intended to highlight Irish antiquities. Its literary base includes excerpts from Beranger's diary already recorded by Sir William Wilde in the 1870s, and a hitherto unrecognised descriptive Catalogue of places visited. Visually, it uses engravings from Grose's Antiquities of Ireland based on artwork from the tour, as well as drawings, copies and plans from the Cooper Collection acquired by the National Library of Ireland in 1994. The collection includes some original Barralet watercolours published here for the first time.
摘要:这是艺术家John James Barralet和Gabriel Beranger在William Burton Conyngham的委托下，于1780年对Wicklow和Wexford郡进行的古文物素描之旅的部分重建，William Burton Conyngham代表爱尔兰古文物协会，希望将他们的作品刻在一系列旨在突出爱尔兰古文物的卷中。它的文学基础包括威廉·王尔德爵士在19世纪70年代记录的贝兰杰日记的摘录，以及迄今为止未被认可的访问地点的描述性目录。从视觉上看，它使用了格罗斯的《爱尔兰古物》(Antiquities of Ireland)中的版画，这些版画是根据这次旅行中的艺术品制作的，还有1994年爱尔兰国家图书馆(National Library of Ireland)收购的库珀收藏(Cooper Collection)中的图纸、副本和平面图。该系列包括一些原始的Barralet水彩画首次在这里出版。
{"title":"Barralet and Beranger's Antiquarian Sketching Tour through Wicklow and Wexford in the Autumn of 1780","authors":"P. Harbison","doi":"10.3318/pric.2004.104.1.131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/pric.2004.104.1.131","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This is a partial reconstruction of an antiquarian sketching tour of counties Wicklow and Wexford undertaken in 1780 by the artists John James Barralet and Gabriel Beranger at the behest of William Burton Conyngham who, on behalf of the Hibernian Antiquarian Society, wanted to have their work engraved in a series of volumes intended to highlight Irish antiquities. Its literary base includes excerpts from Beranger's diary already recorded by Sir William Wilde in the 1870s, and a hitherto unrecognised descriptive Catalogue of places visited. Visually, it uses engravings from Grose's Antiquities of Ireland based on artwork from the tour, as well as drawings, copies and plans from the Cooper Collection acquired by the National Library of Ireland in 1994. The collection includes some original Barralet watercolours published here for the first time.","PeriodicalId":43075,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL IRISH ACADEMY SECTION C-ARCHAEOLOGY CELTIC STUDIES HISTORY LINGUISTICS LITERATURE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86650226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:AbstractHistorically, Ireland has not been associated with dining excellence. However, in 2011, the editor of Le Guide du Routard, Pierre Josse, noted that the Irish dining experience was as good, if not better, than anywhere in the world. This was a signal achievement for, as Josse also observed the disastrous nature of Irish public dining thirty years ago, when they first started the Irish edition. Thus it may come as a surprise to many that Ireland had a previous ‘golden age’ of haute cuisine—the benchmark for which was set by Restaurant Jammet which traded in Dublin between 1901 and 1967. Indeed, Ireland experienced an influx of gastro-tourists during ‘the Emergency’ (1939–45), and in the 1950s, The Russell Restaurant joined Restaurant Jammet as one of the most outstanding restaurants in Europe. In addition, both Dublin and Shannon airports housed two of Ireland's finest restaurants in the early 1960s. Cashel, Co. Tipperary, had two Michelin-starred restaurants during the early 1980s. From 1975 to 1988 Cork was the centre of fine dining in Ireland. The opening of Roscoffs in Belfast in 1989 spawned a cluster of Michelin-starred restaurants in Northern Ireland. Restaurant Patrick Guilbaud in Dublin was awarded its first Michelin star also in 1989, signalling a rebirth of fine-dining restaurants in the capital. This paper will discuss the history of Ireland's haute cuisine restaurants, identifying the various phases that led to our current standing: equal to if not better than any global competitors.
摘要:从历史上看，爱尔兰并没有与卓越的餐饮联系在一起。然而，2011年，《旅行指南》(Le Guide du Routard)的编辑皮埃尔·约塞(Pierre Josse)指出，爱尔兰的用餐体验与世界上任何地方一样好，甚至更好。这是一个标志性的成就，因为30年前，当他们第一次创办爱尔兰版公共餐饮时，乔斯也注意到了爱尔兰公共餐饮的灾难性。因此，很多人可能会感到惊讶，爱尔兰之前有一个高级烹饪的“黄金时代”，其基准是由1901年至1967年在都柏林经营的Jammet餐厅设定的。事实上，爱尔兰在“紧急情况”(1939-45)期间经历了大量美食游客的涌入。在20世纪50年代，罗素餐厅(the Russell Restaurant)与Jammet餐厅(Restaurant Jammet)一起成为欧洲最杰出的餐厅之一。此外，在20世纪60年代初，都柏林和香农机场都有两家爱尔兰最好的餐馆。在20世纪80年代初，蒂珀雷里的Cashel Co.有两家米其林星级餐厅。从1975年到1988年，科克是爱尔兰高级餐饮的中心。1989年，Roscoffs在贝尔法斯特开业，在北爱尔兰催生了一批米其林星级餐厅。都柏林的Patrick Guilbaud餐厅也在1989年获得了第一颗米其林星，标志着首都高级餐厅的重生。本文将讨论爱尔兰高级美食餐厅的历史，确定导致我们目前地位的各个阶段:等于，如果不是比任何全球竞争对手更好。
{"title":"Haute cuisine restaurants in nineteenth and twentieth century Ireland","authors":"Máirtín Mac Con Iomaire","doi":"10.1353/ria.2015.0000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ria.2015.0000","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:AbstractHistorically, Ireland has not been associated with dining excellence. However, in 2011, the editor of Le Guide du Routard, Pierre Josse, noted that the Irish dining experience was as good, if not better, than anywhere in the world. This was a signal achievement for, as Josse also observed the disastrous nature of Irish public dining thirty years ago, when they first started the Irish edition. Thus it may come as a surprise to many that Ireland had a previous ‘golden age’ of haute cuisine—the benchmark for which was set by Restaurant Jammet which traded in Dublin between 1901 and 1967. Indeed, Ireland experienced an influx of gastro-tourists during ‘the Emergency’ (1939–45), and in the 1950s, The Russell Restaurant joined Restaurant Jammet as one of the most outstanding restaurants in Europe. In addition, both Dublin and Shannon airports housed two of Ireland's finest restaurants in the early 1960s. Cashel, Co. Tipperary, had two Michelin-starred restaurants during the early 1980s. From 1975 to 1988 Cork was the centre of fine dining in Ireland. The opening of Roscoffs in Belfast in 1989 spawned a cluster of Michelin-starred restaurants in Northern Ireland. Restaurant Patrick Guilbaud in Dublin was awarded its first Michelin star also in 1989, signalling a rebirth of fine-dining restaurants in the capital. This paper will discuss the history of Ireland's haute cuisine restaurants, identifying the various phases that led to our current standing: equal to if not better than any global competitors.","PeriodicalId":43075,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL IRISH ACADEMY SECTION C-ARCHAEOLOGY CELTIC STUDIES HISTORY LINGUISTICS LITERATURE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76025664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3318/priac.2019.119.03
Colum Kenny
Abstract:From 1542 until 1885 any person wishing to practise at the Irish bar was obliged by law first to attend an inn of court in London. The unionist Edward Carson is said to have described the requirement as ‘one of the badges of servitude of the Irish nation’. This paper offers an overview of the long relationship between the four English inns of court and Ireland, charting its impact by reference to the number and types of persons attending them and highlighting individuals who were admitted there. The paper contextualises the related role of King's Inns, Dublin, as well as the political developments that formed a backdrop to the presence of Irish people at the inns of court in London. Given the prominent role of lawyers in Irish political life, the requirement had an impact well beyond the legal sphere.
{"title":"‘Badge of servitude’? The Irish at England's inns of court","authors":"Colum Kenny","doi":"10.3318/priac.2019.119.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/priac.2019.119.03","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:From 1542 until 1885 any person wishing to practise at the Irish bar was obliged by law first to attend an inn of court in London. The unionist Edward Carson is said to have described the requirement as ‘one of the badges of servitude of the Irish nation’. This paper offers an overview of the long relationship between the four English inns of court and Ireland, charting its impact by reference to the number and types of persons attending them and highlighting individuals who were admitted there. The paper contextualises the related role of King's Inns, Dublin, as well as the political developments that formed a backdrop to the presence of Irish people at the inns of court in London. Given the prominent role of lawyers in Irish political life, the requirement had an impact well beyond the legal sphere.","PeriodicalId":43075,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL IRISH ACADEMY SECTION C-ARCHAEOLOGY CELTIC STUDIES HISTORY LINGUISTICS LITERATURE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79139700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3318/PRIC.2003.103.1.97
R. Cleary, Sandra A. McKeown, J. Tierney, Martha Hannon, Elizabeth Anderson, Maria J. Cahill, Jane O'Shaughnessy
Abstract:This report was compiled on the basis of a two-season excavation on an enclosed habitation site and adjacent wall on Knockadoon Hill. The enclosure is morphologically similar to sites excavated in the 1940s and 1950s and interpreted as Neolithic and Beaker period habitation sites. The results of this excavation show that the enclosure is Late Bronze Age in date, and this has led to a review of the dating evidence for the previously excavated sites. This excavation uncovered the remains of two structures within the enclosure. The wall to the west of the enclosure was partly excavated, and the period of its construction is also Late Bronze Age. The environmental evidence suggests that cattle and pig husbandry formed the basis of the economy. Some evidence of cereal production was also recovered from the excavation.
{"title":"Enclosed Late Bronze Age Habitation Site and Boundary Wall at Lough Gur, Co. Limerick","authors":"R. Cleary, Sandra A. McKeown, J. Tierney, Martha Hannon, Elizabeth Anderson, Maria J. Cahill, Jane O'Shaughnessy","doi":"10.3318/PRIC.2003.103.1.97","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/PRIC.2003.103.1.97","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This report was compiled on the basis of a two-season excavation on an enclosed habitation site and adjacent wall on Knockadoon Hill. The enclosure is morphologically similar to sites excavated in the 1940s and 1950s and interpreted as Neolithic and Beaker period habitation sites. The results of this excavation show that the enclosure is Late Bronze Age in date, and this has led to a review of the dating evidence for the previously excavated sites. This excavation uncovered the remains of two structures within the enclosure. The wall to the west of the enclosure was partly excavated, and the period of its construction is also Late Bronze Age. The environmental evidence suggests that cattle and pig husbandry formed the basis of the economy. Some evidence of cereal production was also recovered from the excavation.","PeriodicalId":43075,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL IRISH ACADEMY SECTION C-ARCHAEOLOGY CELTIC STUDIES HISTORY LINGUISTICS LITERATURE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85909976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3318/PRIAC.2009.109.367
Niall Ó Ciosáin
Abstract:It has been suggested by historians and other critics that following the Act of Union in 1801, Ireland was the object of unusually intense interest on the part of the London parliament and the British public. This assumption is often supported by the observation that 114 parliamentary commissions were established to investigate Ireland between 1800 and 1833. This figure is, in fact, entirely false, the real amount being closer to fourteen. Here the history of this implausible statistic is traced from 1834, when it originated, through to 2008. Some reasons why such an improbable figure was accepted and repeated are suggested, and the preconceptions among historians about nineteenth-century government and Anglo-Irish relations that are implied by that acceptance are explored.
{"title":"'114 commissions and 60 committees': phantom figures from a surveillance state","authors":"Niall Ó Ciosáin","doi":"10.3318/PRIAC.2009.109.367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/PRIAC.2009.109.367","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:It has been suggested by historians and other critics that following the Act of Union in 1801, Ireland was the object of unusually intense interest on the part of the London parliament and the British public. This assumption is often supported by the observation that 114 parliamentary commissions were established to investigate Ireland between 1800 and 1833. This figure is, in fact, entirely false, the real amount being closer to fourteen. Here the history of this implausible statistic is traced from 1834, when it originated, through to 2008. Some reasons why such an improbable figure was accepted and repeated are suggested, and the preconceptions among historians about nineteenth-century government and Anglo-Irish relations that are implied by that acceptance are explored.","PeriodicalId":43075,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL IRISH ACADEMY SECTION C-ARCHAEOLOGY CELTIC STUDIES HISTORY LINGUISTICS LITERATURE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87280774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3318/PRIAC.2010.111.141
Jane Fenlon
Abstract:From the mid-sixteenth century onwards fashions in building changed as Renaissance ideas were being introduced into Ireland, notwithstanding the consequences of various wars, rebellions and general upheaval of the period to the end of the seventeenth century. This meant that houses became more comfortable, more outwardly symmetrical in elevation and plan. Over the decades internal arrangements in houses and castles were transformed, with the great chamber taking precedence over the hall as the room of state. By the middle of the seventeenth century processional routes through the houses of the aristocracy gradually gave way to the flexible French arrangement of the appartement influenced by English court practice. This essay seeks to examine changes in building, plan, room usage and furnishings of the various types of high-status dwellings in Ireland during the period in question; ranging from the relatively small courtyard house, remodelling of earlier buildings and some few examples of newbuilds.
{"title":"Moving towards the formal house: room usage in early modern Ireland","authors":"Jane Fenlon","doi":"10.3318/PRIAC.2010.111.141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/PRIAC.2010.111.141","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:From the mid-sixteenth century onwards fashions in building changed as Renaissance ideas were being introduced into Ireland, notwithstanding the consequences of various wars, rebellions and general upheaval of the period to the end of the seventeenth century. This meant that houses became more comfortable, more outwardly symmetrical in elevation and plan. Over the decades internal arrangements in houses and castles were transformed, with the great chamber taking precedence over the hall as the room of state. By the middle of the seventeenth century processional routes through the houses of the aristocracy gradually gave way to the flexible French arrangement of the appartement influenced by English court practice. This essay seeks to examine changes in building, plan, room usage and furnishings of the various types of high-status dwellings in Ireland during the period in question; ranging from the relatively small courtyard house, remodelling of earlier buildings and some few examples of newbuilds.","PeriodicalId":43075,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL IRISH ACADEMY SECTION C-ARCHAEOLOGY CELTIC STUDIES HISTORY LINGUISTICS LITERATURE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87517802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3318/PRIAC.2018.118.01
F. Beglane, K. Baker, R. F. Carden, A. Hoelzel, A. Lamb, Rita Mhig Fhionnghaile, Holly Miller, N. Sykes
Abstract:The Anglo-Normans first introduced fallow deer (Dama dama) to Ireland in the thirteenth century, however no biomolecular research has previously been undertaken to examine the timing, circumstances and impact of the arrival of this species. This study combines historical, zooarchaeological, genetic and isotopic data from both medieval and post-medieval samples to address this lack of research. The paper identifies a peak in the presence of fallow deer in Ireland between the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, with a corresponding peak in documentary evidence for their presence in the thirteenth century. The deer are predominantly male, and from castle sites, supporting the historical evidence for their link with elite hunting. The English origin of the source populations shows correspondence between the documentary evidence, suggesting a western bias—and genetic evidence—with a similarity to southern and western England. Furthermore a stable isotope study identifies two possible first-generation imports, one dating from the medieval period and one from the post-medieval period.
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