Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3318/priac.2016.116.03
P. Lynch
Abstract:Léon Foucault's pendulum experiment in 1851 generated widespread interest. The experiment was repeated in numerous locations in Europe and the United States of America. The more careful of these demonstrations confirmed the effect of the Earth's rotation on the precession of the swing-plane of the pendulum. A set of pendulum experiments were carried out by Joseph Galbraith and Samuel Haughton in Dublin and a comprehensive mathematical analysis of them was published in 1851.
{"title":"In Retrospect: Replication of Foucault's pendulum experiment in Dublin","authors":"P. Lynch","doi":"10.3318/priac.2016.116.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/priac.2016.116.03","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Léon Foucault's pendulum experiment in 1851 generated widespread interest. The experiment was repeated in numerous locations in Europe and the United States of America. The more careful of these demonstrations confirmed the effect of the Earth's rotation on the precession of the swing-plane of the pendulum. A set of pendulum experiments were carried out by Joseph Galbraith and Samuel Haughton in Dublin and a comprehensive mathematical analysis of them was published in 1851.","PeriodicalId":43075,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL IRISH ACADEMY SECTION C-ARCHAEOLOGY CELTIC STUDIES HISTORY LINGUISTICS LITERATURE","volume":"33 1","pages":"297 - 311"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76883523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3318/PRIC.2007.107.87
A. Müller
Abstract:This paper seeks to identify the ways in which religious orders dealt with the problem of conflicting loyalties in the medieval period in Ireland. The English crown expected the Franciscan community to play a vital part in the Anglicisation of the Irish church, usually by way of nominating members of the order to episcopal sees. These appointments could have considerable implications from a political point of view and often resulted in ethnic divisions among the Franciscan bishops. Furthermore, from the second generation of friars onwards, the problem of conflicting loyalties spread to the Franciscan communities in Ireland. In addition to these issues, this article will examine how both the order's own authorities and the secular rulers reacted to disobedience and divided loyalties. The aim of the ecclesiastical authorities was to restore unity to the Franciscan order in this fringe province, while the intention of the English crown was to weaken the influence of the Irish faction within the order, especially in the English colony.
{"title":"Conflicting loyalties: the Irish Franciscans and the English Crown in the High Middle Ages","authors":"A. Müller","doi":"10.3318/PRIC.2007.107.87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/PRIC.2007.107.87","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This paper seeks to identify the ways in which religious orders dealt with the problem of conflicting loyalties in the medieval period in Ireland. The English crown expected the Franciscan community to play a vital part in the Anglicisation of the Irish church, usually by way of nominating members of the order to episcopal sees. These appointments could have considerable implications from a political point of view and often resulted in ethnic divisions among the Franciscan bishops. Furthermore, from the second generation of friars onwards, the problem of conflicting loyalties spread to the Franciscan communities in Ireland. In addition to these issues, this article will examine how both the order's own authorities and the secular rulers reacted to disobedience and divided loyalties. The aim of the ecclesiastical authorities was to restore unity to the Franciscan order in this fringe province, while the intention of the English crown was to weaken the influence of the Irish faction within the order, especially in the English colony.","PeriodicalId":43075,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL IRISH ACADEMY SECTION C-ARCHAEOLOGY CELTIC STUDIES HISTORY LINGUISTICS LITERATURE","volume":"39 1","pages":"106 - 87"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76405353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3318/PRIAC.2010.111.141
Jane Fenlon
Abstract:From the mid-sixteenth century onwards fashions in building changed as Renaissance ideas were being introduced into Ireland, notwithstanding the consequences of various wars, rebellions and general upheaval of the period to the end of the seventeenth century. This meant that houses became more comfortable, more outwardly symmetrical in elevation and plan. Over the decades internal arrangements in houses and castles were transformed, with the great chamber taking precedence over the hall as the room of state. By the middle of the seventeenth century processional routes through the houses of the aristocracy gradually gave way to the flexible French arrangement of the appartement influenced by English court practice. This essay seeks to examine changes in building, plan, room usage and furnishings of the various types of high-status dwellings in Ireland during the period in question; ranging from the relatively small courtyard house, remodelling of earlier buildings and some few examples of newbuilds.
{"title":"Moving towards the formal house: room usage in early modern Ireland","authors":"Jane Fenlon","doi":"10.3318/PRIAC.2010.111.141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/PRIAC.2010.111.141","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:From the mid-sixteenth century onwards fashions in building changed as Renaissance ideas were being introduced into Ireland, notwithstanding the consequences of various wars, rebellions and general upheaval of the period to the end of the seventeenth century. This meant that houses became more comfortable, more outwardly symmetrical in elevation and plan. Over the decades internal arrangements in houses and castles were transformed, with the great chamber taking precedence over the hall as the room of state. By the middle of the seventeenth century processional routes through the houses of the aristocracy gradually gave way to the flexible French arrangement of the appartement influenced by English court practice. This essay seeks to examine changes in building, plan, room usage and furnishings of the various types of high-status dwellings in Ireland during the period in question; ranging from the relatively small courtyard house, remodelling of earlier buildings and some few examples of newbuilds.","PeriodicalId":43075,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL IRISH ACADEMY SECTION C-ARCHAEOLOGY CELTIC STUDIES HISTORY LINGUISTICS LITERATURE","volume":"24 1","pages":"141 - 168"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87517802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3318/PRIC.2004.104.1.37
M. O’Callaghan
Abstract:This essay seeks to contextualise the intelligence work of the Royal Irish Constabulary, particularly in the 1880s, in terms of the wider British and imperial practice and, as a corollary, to reflect upon aspects of the structure of the state apparatus and the state archive in Ireland since the Union. The author contrasts Irish and British police and bureaucratic work and suggests parallels between Ireland and other imperial locations, especially India. This paper also defines the narrowly political, indeed partisan, uses to which this intelligence was put, particularly during the Special Commission of 1888 on 'Parnellism and crime', when government-held police records were made available to counsel for The Times. By reflecting on the structure of the state apparatus and its use in this instance, the author aims to further the debate on the governance of nineteenth-century Ireland and to explore issues of colonial identity and practice. The line of argument proposed in this essay is prefigured in Margaret O'Callaghan, British high politics and a nationalist Ireland: criminality, land and the law under Forster and Balfour (Cork, 1994).
{"title":"New Ways of Looking at the State Apparatus and the State Archive in Nineteenth-Century Ireland 'Curiosities from That Phonetic Museum': Royal Irish Constabulary Reports and Their Political Uses, 1879-91","authors":"M. O’Callaghan","doi":"10.3318/PRIC.2004.104.1.37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/PRIC.2004.104.1.37","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This essay seeks to contextualise the intelligence work of the Royal Irish Constabulary, particularly in the 1880s, in terms of the wider British and imperial practice and, as a corollary, to reflect upon aspects of the structure of the state apparatus and the state archive in Ireland since the Union. The author contrasts Irish and British police and bureaucratic work and suggests parallels between Ireland and other imperial locations, especially India. This paper also defines the narrowly political, indeed partisan, uses to which this intelligence was put, particularly during the Special Commission of 1888 on 'Parnellism and crime', when government-held police records were made available to counsel for The Times. By reflecting on the structure of the state apparatus and its use in this instance, the author aims to further the debate on the governance of nineteenth-century Ireland and to explore issues of colonial identity and practice. The line of argument proposed in this essay is prefigured in Margaret O'Callaghan, British high politics and a nationalist Ireland: criminality, land and the law under Forster and Balfour (Cork, 1994).","PeriodicalId":43075,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL IRISH ACADEMY SECTION C-ARCHAEOLOGY CELTIC STUDIES HISTORY LINGUISTICS LITERATURE","volume":"27 1","pages":"37 - 56"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90148214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3318/PRIC.2007.107.1.31
Immo Warntjes
Abstract:The construction, and especially the assignment of the Easter dates, of the Easter reckoning used in the British Isles from the fifth to the eighth century, here called the 84 (14), has been a matter of scholarly debate for the past 400 years. Since the discovery of the Munich Computus in AD 1878, the text that became the primary source for this Easter reckoning, the debate has centred almost exclusively on it. This changed with the discovery of an Easter table of this reckoning in AD 1985, which provided reliable Easter dates as well as a most valuable insight into the construction of the table itself. However, these two primary sources have never been compared thoroughly. Such a comparison is provided in the present article, which leads to an analysis of its implication for the 84 (14) in general, and for the Munich Computus in particular.
{"title":"The Munich Computus and the 84 (14)-year Easter reckoning","authors":"Immo Warntjes","doi":"10.3318/PRIC.2007.107.1.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/PRIC.2007.107.1.31","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The construction, and especially the assignment of the Easter dates, of the Easter reckoning used in the British Isles from the fifth to the eighth century, here called the 84 (14), has been a matter of scholarly debate for the past 400 years. Since the discovery of the Munich Computus in AD 1878, the text that became the primary source for this Easter reckoning, the debate has centred almost exclusively on it. This changed with the discovery of an Easter table of this reckoning in AD 1985, which provided reliable Easter dates as well as a most valuable insight into the construction of the table itself. However, these two primary sources have never been compared thoroughly. Such a comparison is provided in the present article, which leads to an analysis of its implication for the 84 (14) in general, and for the Munich Computus in particular.","PeriodicalId":43075,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL IRISH ACADEMY SECTION C-ARCHAEOLOGY CELTIC STUDIES HISTORY LINGUISTICS LITERATURE","volume":"6 1","pages":"31 - 85"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86306595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3318/PRIC.2007.107.1.215
G. Cooney
Sean P. O Riordain, MRIA, Professor of Celtic Archaeology at University College Dublin (UCD), died in 1957 at the age of 52. He was at the peak of his career, engaged in an ongoing research project at Tara where he had undertaken excavations at the Rath of the Synods (Raith na Seanad, Grogan et al. forthcoming), Raith na Rig (Roche 2002) and the Mound of the Hostages (Duma na nGiall) where a further season of work was carried out by his successor in UCD, Professor Ruaidhri de Valera (O' Sullivan 2005). O Riordain 's work at Tara turned out to be the final act of a very impressive engagement in archaeological research, much of it published in the Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy. His papers published therein included those on his series of excavations on the Curragh, Co. Kildare (O Riordain 1950a); his consideration of Roman material in Ireland (O Riordain 1947a); and major excavations at Cush, Co. Limerick (O Riordain 1940), Garranes, Co. Cork (O Riordain 1942), Ballycatteen, Co. Cork (O Riordain and Hartnett 1943), and Letterkeen, Co. Mayo (O Riordain and MacDermott 1 952); that made a very significant contribution to our understanding of early Christian or early medieval Ireland. The co-authored volume on Newgrange and the Bend of the Boyne that appeared after his death (O Riordain and Daniel 1964) demonstrated that he was also very actively involved in the study of the passage tombs of the Bend of the Boyne. Sean P. O Riordain 's impact on Irish archaeology has been outlined in various papers (O'Kelly 1957; Cooney 1997a; de hoir 2002; Wallace 2004; Waddell 2005, 225-6) and as Waddell (2005, 225) has commented O Riordain 's work at Lough Gur occupies a central place in his achievement and career. From 1936 to 1954 (with a break in 1952-3) he worked in the Lough Gur area of south-east Co. Limerick, where as he put it, 'there is a small lake set in a group of limestone hills' (O Riordain 1954, 298). Fifty years on, his research programme in this area still ranks as arguably the most intensive excavation-based investigation of a landscape anywhere in Ireland (Grogan 2005a, 47), matched in scale only over the last decade or so by the archaeological survey and excavation associated with major infrastructural developments such as motorways. O Riordain 's work built on existing research (Windle 1912; O'Kelly 1942, 1943a, 1943b, 1944) and involved the
Sean P. O Riordain，爱尔兰都柏林大学(UCD)凯尔特考古学教授，1957年去世，享年52岁。他当时正处于职业生涯的巅峰，在塔拉从事一项正在进行的研究项目，在那里他进行了对圣座的挖掘(Raith na Seanad, Grogan等人即将出版)，Raith na Rig (Roche 2002)和人质丘(Duma na nGiall)的挖掘，其中他在UCD的继任者Ruaidhri de Valera教授(O' Sullivan 2005)进行了进一步的工作。O Riordain在塔拉的工作被证明是他在考古研究中令人印象深刻的最后一项工作，其中大部分发表在《皇家爱尔兰学院学报》上。他在该杂志上发表的论文包括他在柯尔拉格，Co. Kildare (O Riordain 1950)的一系列发掘;他对爱尔兰罗马材料的考虑(O Riordain 1977a);以及在库什利默里克公司(1940年)、加伦斯科克公司(1942年)、Ballycatteen科克公司(1943年)和莱特肯梅奥公司(1952年)的主要挖掘工作;这对我们理解早期基督教和中世纪早期爱尔兰做出了重大贡献。在他死后出版的合著的《纽格兰奇和博因湾》(O Riordain and Daniel, 1964)表明，他也非常积极地参与了对博因湾通道墓的研究。Sean P. O Riordain对爱尔兰考古学的影响已在各种论文中概述(O' kelly 1957;库尼1997;De hoir 2002;华莱士2004年;Waddell 2005, 225-6)，正如Waddell(2005, 225)所评论的那样，O Riordain在Lough Gur的工作在他的成就和职业生涯中占据了中心位置。从1936年到1954年(1952年至1954年期间有休息)，他在利默里克东南部的古尔湖(Lough Gur)地区工作，正如他所说的那样，“那里有一个小湖泊坐落在一群石灰岩山上”(O Riordain 1954, 298)。50年过去了，他在这一领域的研究项目仍然被认为是爱尔兰任何地方最密集的基于挖掘的景观调查(Grogan 2005a, 47)，在规模上，只有在过去十年左右的时间里，与主要基础设施发展(如高速公路)相关的考古调查和挖掘相匹配。O Riordain的工作建立在现有研究的基础上(Windle 1912;O'Kelly 1942, 1943a, 1943b, 1944)
{"title":"In Retrospect: Neolithic activity at Knockadoon, Lough Gur, Co. Limerick, 50 years on","authors":"G. Cooney","doi":"10.3318/PRIC.2007.107.1.215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/PRIC.2007.107.1.215","url":null,"abstract":"Sean P. O Riordain, MRIA, Professor of Celtic Archaeology at University College Dublin (UCD), died in 1957 at the age of 52. He was at the peak of his career, engaged in an ongoing research project at Tara where he had undertaken excavations at the Rath of the Synods (Raith na Seanad, Grogan et al. forthcoming), Raith na Rig (Roche 2002) and the Mound of the Hostages (Duma na nGiall) where a further season of work was carried out by his successor in UCD, Professor Ruaidhri de Valera (O' Sullivan 2005). O Riordain 's work at Tara turned out to be the final act of a very impressive engagement in archaeological research, much of it published in the Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy. His papers published therein included those on his series of excavations on the Curragh, Co. Kildare (O Riordain 1950a); his consideration of Roman material in Ireland (O Riordain 1947a); and major excavations at Cush, Co. Limerick (O Riordain 1940), Garranes, Co. Cork (O Riordain 1942), Ballycatteen, Co. Cork (O Riordain and Hartnett 1943), and Letterkeen, Co. Mayo (O Riordain and MacDermott 1 952); that made a very significant contribution to our understanding of early Christian or early medieval Ireland. The co-authored volume on Newgrange and the Bend of the Boyne that appeared after his death (O Riordain and Daniel 1964) demonstrated that he was also very actively involved in the study of the passage tombs of the Bend of the Boyne. Sean P. O Riordain 's impact on Irish archaeology has been outlined in various papers (O'Kelly 1957; Cooney 1997a; de hoir 2002; Wallace 2004; Waddell 2005, 225-6) and as Waddell (2005, 225) has commented O Riordain 's work at Lough Gur occupies a central place in his achievement and career. From 1936 to 1954 (with a break in 1952-3) he worked in the Lough Gur area of south-east Co. Limerick, where as he put it, 'there is a small lake set in a group of limestone hills' (O Riordain 1954, 298). Fifty years on, his research programme in this area still ranks as arguably the most intensive excavation-based investigation of a landscape anywhere in Ireland (Grogan 2005a, 47), matched in scale only over the last decade or so by the archaeological survey and excavation associated with major infrastructural developments such as motorways. O Riordain 's work built on existing research (Windle 1912; O'Kelly 1942, 1943a, 1943b, 1944) and involved the","PeriodicalId":43075,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL IRISH ACADEMY SECTION C-ARCHAEOLOGY CELTIC STUDIES HISTORY LINGUISTICS LITERATURE","volume":"7 1","pages":"215 - 225"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78690821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3318/PRIAC.2009.109.37
M. McNamara
Abstract:In 1973 the present writer published an essay on the psalms in the early Irish Church (from AD 600 to 1200). In this he reviewed the material available for a study of the subject and gave a more detailed examination of some of the texts. The present work intends to supplement the 1973 essay. It concentrates on three central topics: (1) the full collation of a hitherto unstudied text, the fragments of an Irish Hebraicum Psalter in MS. Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale de France (BNF) fr. 2452 (tenth century), fols 75-84, which on analysis is revealed as an early representative of the typical Irish recension of the Hebraicum (AKI—the sigla for the psalter text of the three MSS Amiatinus, Florence, Biblioteca Mediceo-Laurenziana Amiatino I; Karlsruhe, Landesbibliothek Augienis XXXVIII; Rouen, Bibliothèque municipale 24 [A. 41]); (2) a more detailed examination of the Psalter ofCormac (thirteenth century); and (3) of the so-called Psalter ofCaimin (c. 1100). With these, two comments on two other psalters are also given (that in the 'Reference Bible' and the Double Psalter of St-Ouen) while a preliminary section treats of texts having a bearing on the understanding of the psalter in Ireland (the Tituli psalmorum attributed to Bede; psalm prologues and biblical canticles and psalm prayers).
{"title":"Five Irish psalter texts","authors":"M. McNamara","doi":"10.3318/PRIAC.2009.109.37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/PRIAC.2009.109.37","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:In 1973 the present writer published an essay on the psalms in the early Irish Church (from AD 600 to 1200). In this he reviewed the material available for a study of the subject and gave a more detailed examination of some of the texts. The present work intends to supplement the 1973 essay. It concentrates on three central topics: (1) the full collation of a hitherto unstudied text, the fragments of an Irish Hebraicum Psalter in MS. Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale de France (BNF) fr. 2452 (tenth century), fols 75-84, which on analysis is revealed as an early representative of the typical Irish recension of the Hebraicum (AKI—the sigla for the psalter text of the three MSS Amiatinus, Florence, Biblioteca Mediceo-Laurenziana Amiatino I; Karlsruhe, Landesbibliothek Augienis XXXVIII; Rouen, Bibliothèque municipale 24 [A. 41]); (2) a more detailed examination of the Psalter ofCormac (thirteenth century); and (3) of the so-called Psalter ofCaimin (c. 1100). With these, two comments on two other psalters are also given (that in the 'Reference Bible' and the Double Psalter of St-Ouen) while a preliminary section treats of texts having a bearing on the understanding of the psalter in Ireland (the Tituli psalmorum attributed to Bede; psalm prologues and biblical canticles and psalm prayers).","PeriodicalId":43075,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL IRISH ACADEMY SECTION C-ARCHAEOLOGY CELTIC STUDIES HISTORY LINGUISTICS LITERATURE","volume":"104 1","pages":"104 - 37"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78706203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3318/PRIAC.2018.118.03
P. Harbison
Abstract:Irish high crosses feature a number of clear-cut instances where Old Testament figures can be understood to prefigure events in the New Testament. Examples are cited from the North Cross at Castledermot, the Market Cross at Kells and Muiredach's Cross at Monasterboice. Two further panels are here re-interpreted as prefiguration scenes: The Fall of Jericho on the Tall Cross at Monasterboice and Joseph and the Pharaoh's Butler on the Cross of the Scriptures at Clonmacnoise. Acceptance of the latter interpretation implies that this cross need no longer be associated with the erection of the Cathedral at the site in 909, and could open the way to a potential dating of this and similar crosses to the late ninth century.
{"title":"Old Testament prefigurations of New Testament events on Irish high crosses","authors":"P. Harbison","doi":"10.3318/PRIAC.2018.118.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/PRIAC.2018.118.03","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Irish high crosses feature a number of clear-cut instances where Old Testament figures can be understood to prefigure events in the New Testament. Examples are cited from the North Cross at Castledermot, the Market Cross at Kells and Muiredach's Cross at Monasterboice. Two further panels are here re-interpreted as prefiguration scenes: The Fall of Jericho on the Tall Cross at Monasterboice and Joseph and the Pharaoh's Butler on the Cross of the Scriptures at Clonmacnoise. Acceptance of the latter interpretation implies that this cross need no longer be associated with the erection of the Cathedral at the site in 909, and could open the way to a potential dating of this and similar crosses to the late ninth century.","PeriodicalId":43075,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL IRISH ACADEMY SECTION C-ARCHAEOLOGY CELTIC STUDIES HISTORY LINGUISTICS LITERATURE","volume":"22 1","pages":"123 - 139"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78687709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3318/PRIAC.2019.119.01
H. Morgan
Abstract:Abstract This paper explores the impact that Francis Bacon (1561-1626) had on Irish affairs during the final years of the reign of Elizabeth and the reign of James I. Bacon advised Robert Devereux, earl of Essex; Robert Cecil, secretary of state; James, king of Great Britain and Ireland; and George Villiers, earl of Buckingham on politics, religion and colonisation during a traumatic and transformative period in Anglo-Irish relations. Bacon was involved in judicial proceedings against Essex after his return from Ireland in 1600/01 and against Irish parliamentary dissidents in 1613/14. He later participated in making Irish policy as lord chancellor in Buckingham's regime. Successively adviser, actor and influencer in an increasingly absolutist political system, Bacon was a moderately inclined imperialist in Irish policy. As a metropolitan intellectual dealing with Ireland, his type was represented in contemporary literature by Spenser's character Eudoxus.
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Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3318/PRIAC.2018.118.01
F. Beglane, K. Baker, R. F. Carden, A. Hoelzel, A. Lamb, Rita Mhig Fhionnghaile, Holly Miller, N. Sykes
Abstract:The Anglo-Normans first introduced fallow deer (Dama dama) to Ireland in the thirteenth century, however no biomolecular research has previously been undertaken to examine the timing, circumstances and impact of the arrival of this species. This study combines historical, zooarchaeological, genetic and isotopic data from both medieval and post-medieval samples to address this lack of research. The paper identifies a peak in the presence of fallow deer in Ireland between the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, with a corresponding peak in documentary evidence for their presence in the thirteenth century. The deer are predominantly male, and from castle sites, supporting the historical evidence for their link with elite hunting. The English origin of the source populations shows correspondence between the documentary evidence, suggesting a western bias—and genetic evidence—with a similarity to southern and western England. Furthermore a stable isotope study identifies two possible first-generation imports, one dating from the medieval period and one from the post-medieval period.
{"title":"Ireland's fallow deer: their historical, archaeological and biomolecular records","authors":"F. Beglane, K. Baker, R. F. Carden, A. Hoelzel, A. Lamb, Rita Mhig Fhionnghaile, Holly Miller, N. Sykes","doi":"10.3318/PRIAC.2018.118.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/PRIAC.2018.118.01","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The Anglo-Normans first introduced fallow deer (Dama dama) to Ireland in the thirteenth century, however no biomolecular research has previously been undertaken to examine the timing, circumstances and impact of the arrival of this species. This study combines historical, zooarchaeological, genetic and isotopic data from both medieval and post-medieval samples to address this lack of research. The paper identifies a peak in the presence of fallow deer in Ireland between the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, with a corresponding peak in documentary evidence for their presence in the thirteenth century. The deer are predominantly male, and from castle sites, supporting the historical evidence for their link with elite hunting. The English origin of the source populations shows correspondence between the documentary evidence, suggesting a western bias—and genetic evidence—with a similarity to southern and western England. Furthermore a stable isotope study identifies two possible first-generation imports, one dating from the medieval period and one from the post-medieval period.","PeriodicalId":43075,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL IRISH ACADEMY SECTION C-ARCHAEOLOGY CELTIC STUDIES HISTORY LINGUISTICS LITERATURE","volume":"1 1","pages":"141 - 165"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88284649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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