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“Прокол в вечность”. Андрей Белый и трансформация пьесы Сухово-Кобылина Дело в постановке Бориса Сушкевича (МХАТ II, 1928) “刺穿永恒”。安德烈·贝利(Andrei Bely)和鲍里斯·苏什凯维奇(Boris Sushkevich)改编的苏霍沃·科比林(Sukhovo Kobylin)的戏剧《案件》(Delo)(莫斯科艺术博物馆,1928年)
IF 0.2 3区 文学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ruslit.2022.11.002
Елена Пенская (Elena Penskaya)

This article analyzes the impressions of Russian poet Andrey Bely, who visited the dress rehearsal of the play The Case (Delo), written by Aleksandr Sukhovo-Kobylin and staged by Boris Sushkevich, at the Moscow Art Theater II. Bely shared his impressions in a letter to Razumnik Ivanov-Razumnik, writer, philosopher and literary critic, and a friend and interlocutor of Andrey Bely. In the mini-review in his letter Bely also mentions Leonid Grossman, a specialist in the field of the heritage of Sukhovo-Kobylin. Both Bely and Grossman focus on the play’s protagonist Muromsky. They note the “memory of the character” and they discuss the performance of the actor Mikhail Chekhov.

Archival sources demonstrate the specifics of theatrical memory. Drafts, director’s copies, typewritten inserts, pasted from other publications preserved in the foundation at the Museum of Theatrical and Musical Art in St. Petersburg and in the Russian State Archive of Literature, were brought for the reconstruction of the performance. Analysis of the director’s copy of the script prepared by Boris Sushkevich made it possible to identify the original source with which he worked when adapting it for the stage. It was the publication of the play The Case (Delo) from 1887. A comparison of the transformation of the text reveals common elements in two productions: the plays The Case (Delo) by Sukhovo-Kobylin and Petersburg by Andrei Bely.

本文分析了俄罗斯诗人安德烈·别列在莫斯科第二艺术剧院观看了亚历山大·苏霍夫-科比林编剧、鲍里斯·苏什克维奇上演的戏剧《案件(德洛)》的彩排后的印象。别列在给作家、哲学家和文学评论家、安德烈·别列的朋友和对话者拉祖姆尼克·伊万诺夫-拉祖姆尼克的一封信中分享了他的印象。在他的信的迷你评论中,别里还提到了苏霍沃-科比林遗产领域的专家列昂尼德·格罗斯曼。贝利和格罗斯曼都把焦点放在了剧中的主角穆罗姆斯基身上。他们注意到“人物的记忆”,他们讨论了演员米哈伊尔·契诃夫的表演。档案资料显示了戏剧记忆的特点。草稿、导演的抄本、打印的插页,以及从其他出版物上粘贴下来的材料,这些材料都保存在圣彼得堡戏剧和音乐艺术博物馆的基金会和俄罗斯国家文学档案馆中,用于重建演出。对鲍里斯·苏什克维奇导演的剧本副本进行分析,可以确定他在将其改编为舞台时所使用的原始来源。它是1887年出版的戏剧《案件》(Delo)。文本转换的比较揭示了两个作品的共同元素:苏霍沃-科比林的戏剧《案件(德洛)》和安德烈·别雷的《彼得堡》。
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引用次数: 0
New Time, New Name, New Balances: Editorial 新的时间,新的名字,新的平衡:社论
IF 0.2 3区 文学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ruslit.2023.03.002
Ellen Rutten

The Russian Literature editorial team has decided that the time is ripe, first, for a modest change of journal policies and, second, for the less modest step of changing the journal name. In this editorial, editor-in-chief Ellen Rutten explains and contextualizes the two policy choices.

《俄罗斯文学》的编辑团队认为时机已经成熟,首先是适度改变期刊政策,其次是改变期刊名称这一不那么温和的步骤。在这篇社论中,主编Ellen Rutten对这两项政策选择进行了解释和背景分析。
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引用次数: 0
Между богами и я-богом: границы театра и театральности у Хлебникова 在神和我神之间:剧院和戏剧的边界在赫列布尼科夫
IF 0.2 3区 文学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ruslit.2022.09.005
Марио Карамитти (Mario Caramitti)

Khlebnikov’s dramaturgical texts – little-known, little-studied, and even less staged – are in a variety of genres and forms (poetry, prose, or a mix of both), and have a variety of themes and settings. They are united by Khlebnikov’s sustained interest in theatricality: the theatricalization of gestures, of one’s life and everyday behaviour, a sort of self-theatre. An overall interpretative key may be offered by the two meanings of ‘vision’: spectacle – Khlebnikov’s creation of vivid, expressive scenes to impress the eyes; and perception – Khlebnikov’s expression of his “science” of the universe. The article explores the composition, purpose, and functions of the predominantly supernatural characters, particularly the semi-parodic role of deus ex machina. The general term “theatre of the impossible” (Grigor’ev) covers both the especial difficulty of staging Khlebnikov’s works, and their extreme density of semantic and visual hues. This idiosyncratic substitute for the superficially mimicked genre of tragedy ultimately resolves in collapse, implosion of the whole textual structure, when self-oriented and self-sufficient verbal layers collide.

赫列布尼科夫的戏剧文本——鲜为人知,研究甚少,甚至很少上演——有各种类型和形式(诗歌、散文或两者的混合),有各种主题和背景。赫列布尼科夫对戏剧化的持续兴趣使他们团结在一起:手势、生活和日常行为的戏剧化,一种自我戏剧化。“视觉”的两个含义可能提供了一个整体的解释关键:奇观——赫列布尼科夫创造了生动、富有表现力的场景来打动眼睛;和感知——赫列布尼科夫对宇宙“科学”的表达。文章探讨了以超自然人物为主的人物的构成、目的和功能,特别是半戏仿的二人组角色。一般术语“不可能的剧院”(Grigor'ev)既涵盖了上演赫列布尼科夫作品的特殊困难,也涵盖了其语义和视觉色调的极端密度。当自我导向和自给自足的语言层发生冲突时,这种对表面上模仿的悲剧类型的独特替代最终会导致整个文本结构的崩溃和内爆。
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引用次数: 0
Meyerhold's Castings of Actresses for Male Parts 梅耶霍尔德的男演员选角
IF 0.2 3区 文学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ruslit.2022.09.002
Janne Risum

In this article I examine Meyerhold's occasional castings of actresses for male parts in a small, but significant, number of instances from his long career as a stage director. Meyerhold cast a woman for a male part six times, five of them in tragedies. However, he did so intermittently and for different purposes, to suit highly heterogenous contexts. Three cases have particularly interesting perspectives: his 1915 production at the Alexandrinsky Theatre in Saint Petersburg of Calderon de la Barca's Spanish Baroque tragedy The Constant Prince; his 1926 co-production at the Meyerhold Theatre in Moscow of Tretyakov's activist melodrama Roar, China!; and his 1931 production at the Meyerhold Theatre of Yury Olesha's contemporary tragedy A List of Benefits. The three cases are not connected but are – each in its own way – artistic reactions to the three consecutive, dissimilar systems of government, under which Meyerhold lived and worked: the Tsarist regime, the formative first decade of the Soviet Union, and finally Stalinism. On a more basic personal level, they reflect Meyerhold's habitual preference for tragedy as a means of expression to reveal the social mechanisms exploited by oppression or released against it. In each case, casting an actress in a male part poses a maximum contrast to the oppressive system inquired into by way of metonymy.

在这篇文章中,我研究了梅耶霍尔德在他漫长的舞台导演生涯中偶尔挑选女演员出演男性角色的例子,这些例子虽少,但意义重大。梅耶霍尔德六次让女性扮演男性角色,其中五次是悲剧。然而,他断断续续地为不同的目的这样做,以适应高度异质的环境。有三个案例有特别有趣的视角:他1915年在圣彼得堡亚历山大剧院演出的卡尔德隆·德拉·巴萨的西班牙巴洛克悲剧《不变的王子》;1926年,他在莫斯科梅耶霍尔德剧院合作制作了特列季亚科夫的激进主义情节剧《怒吼,中国!》1931年在梅耶霍尔德剧院演出尤里·奥列沙的当代悲剧《福利清单》。这三个案例并没有联系,但都以自己的方式,对梅耶霍尔德生活和工作过的三个连续的、不同的政府体系做出了艺术反应:沙皇政权,苏联形成的第一个十年,最后是斯大林主义。在更基本的个人层面上,它们反映了梅耶霍尔德习惯性地偏爱悲剧作为一种表达手段,以揭示压迫所利用或释放的社会机制。在每一种情况下,让女演员扮演男性角色都与通过转喻所探究的压迫制度形成了最大的对比。
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引用次数: 0
Забытый отклик на татлиновскую постановку ЗАНГЕЗИ (антиконструктивистская рецензия опоязовца Бориса Казанского) 塔利诺夫作品《赞吉兹》(鲍里斯·卡赞斯基的反建设性评论)的被遗忘的反应
IF 0.2 3区 文学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ruslit.2022.12.002
Андрей Россомахин (Andrey Rossomakhin)

In this article one of the forgotten reviews of Velimir Khlebnikov’s production of Zangezi performed by Vladimir Tatlin in 1923 is considered. The review belongs to the philologist Boris Kazansky, who was attached to OPOYAZ (Society for the Study of Poetic Language). The text of this review is republished for the first time and accompanied by a detailed commentary. Some occultist parallels to Khlebnikov’s prognostic publications are indicated.

在这篇文章中,有一个被遗忘的评论,是对1923年由弗拉基米尔·塔特林演出的维利米尔·赫列布尼科夫的作品《赞加齐》的评论。这篇评论属于语言学家鲍里斯·卡赞斯基,他隶属于OPOYAZ(诗歌语言研究协会)。这篇评论的文本是第一次重新发表,并附有详细的评论。一些神秘主义者与赫列布尼科夫的预言出版物有相似之处。
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引用次数: 0
Будущее русского балета: взгляд из начала ХХ века 俄罗斯芭蕾舞的未来:二十世纪初的观点
IF 0.2 3区 文学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ruslit.2023.02.001
Наталья Коршунова (Natal’ia Korshunova)

At the end of the nineteenth century and the beginning of the twentieth many thought that ballet was in crisis. An opposition could be observed between the “old” classical ballet and the “new” ballet, represented in the first place by Michel Fokine and Alexander Gorskii. In books and magazines critics discussed what should happen to Russian ballet in the future. Many of these predictions were later fulfilled. The critics managed to “foresee” the advent of abstract ballet (pioneered by George Balanchine), the epoch of so-called “dramballet”, and the gradual independence of character dance in 1930–1940.

在19世纪末和20世纪初,许多人认为芭蕾正处于危机之中。在“旧的”古典芭蕾和“新”芭蕾之间可以观察到一种对立,首先以米歇尔·福金和亚历山大·戈尔斯基为代表。在书籍和杂志上,评论家们讨论了俄罗斯芭蕾舞的未来。其中许多预言后来都应验了。评论家们成功地“预见”到抽象芭蕾的出现(由乔治·巴兰钦开创),所谓的“戏剧芭蕾”的时代,以及1930-1940年间角色舞蹈的逐渐独立。
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引用次数: 0
Не (совсем) акмеистическая трагедия: Лаодамия Иннокентия Анненского и Юдифь Николая Недоброво 非阿克梅主义悲剧:安纳斯基的无辜的老挝人和尼古拉涅德沃的朱迪思
IF 0.2 3区 文学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ruslit.2022.10.003
Роман Мних (Roman Mnich)

This article analyzes the intertextuality and motifs of the tragedies Laodamia by Innokenty Annensky and Judith by Nikolai Nedobrovo. These works reflect the main trends of Russian modernism: the interpretation of the world and European cultural heritage through Greek mythology and the Bible. Laodamia and Judith illustrate two different ways a classical text was received in the culture of the Silver Age: Nedobrovo’s reception is determined by the classicist tradition, Annensky’s reception – by romanticism. The analyzed tragedies are united by a system of motifs and images. The siege of the biblical Bethulia recalls the siege of Troy, and the image of a widow meeting not her husband, but “someone else”, is central to both plots – while Judith meets the shadow of her husband (statue) or enemy, she, like Laodamia, spends the night “not with him”. Annensky and Nedobrovo did not formally belong to the acmeist movement, but they both influenced the acmeists’ intertextual poetics.

本文分析了因诺肯季·安嫩斯基的悲剧《老达米亚》和尼古拉·涅多布罗沃的悲剧《朱迪思》的互文性和母题。这些作品反映了俄罗斯现代主义的主要趋势:通过希腊神话和圣经来解释世界和欧洲文化遗产。劳达米亚和朱迪思说明了在白银时代文化中古典文本被接受的两种不同方式:涅多布罗沃的接受是由古典主义传统决定的,安涅斯基的接受是由浪漫主义决定的。所分析的悲剧是由一系列的母题和形象统一起来的。《圣经》中的贝特利亚之围让人想起特洛伊之围,而一个寡妇遇到的不是她的丈夫,而是“别人”的形象,是两个情节的中心——当朱迪思遇到她丈夫的影子(雕像)或敌人时,她像老达米亚一样,“没有和他在一起”过夜。安涅斯基和涅多布罗沃在形式上并不属于阿希姆主义运动,但他们都影响了阿希姆主义者的互文诗学。
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引用次数: 0
Синкопированный Гоголь. О фонографных записях Ревизора в постановке Вс. Мейерхольда 模仿的果戈理关于“审计员”的录音带。迈耶尔霍尔达
IF 0.2 3区 文学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ruslit.2023.01.002
Валерий Золотухин (Valeriy Zolotukhin)

The article provides commentary and background information on the audio recording of Nikolai Gogol’s “The Inspector General” directed by Vsevolod Meyerhold (1926). This performance was appreciated by contemporaries as one of the most significant works by the director and a striking achievement of 1920s Soviet theatre. The wax cylinder captured a dialogue between Khlestakov (Erast Garin) and Anna Andreevna (Zinaida Reich, the only voice recording of the actress) from Act III, Scene 6, where Khlestakov is boasting about the life he leads in St Petersburg. It provides us with rare examples of Meyerhold’s approach to Gogol characters’ speech, which was influenced by the experiments of modern music like jazz, and conformed with the general principles of Meyerhold’s biomechanics. The article contributes to knowledge about approaches to documenting twentieth-century theatre and Meyerhold performances in particular. It focuses on the research projects of the Institute for Artistic Speech Research (Leningrad), which initiated the sound recordings of this and other Meyerhold productions in 1927.

本文提供了对尼古拉·果戈理的《监察长》(1926年)的录音的评论和背景资料。这场演出被同时代的人认为是导演最重要的作品之一,也是20世纪20年代苏联戏剧的惊人成就。蜡筒捕捉到了赫列斯塔科夫(伊拉斯特·加林饰)和安娜·安德烈耶夫娜(季娜伊达·赖克,唯一的女演员录音)在第三幕第六场的对话,在那里赫列斯塔科夫吹嘘自己在圣彼得堡的生活。它为我们提供了梅耶霍尔德对果戈理人物的言语方法的罕见例子,这种方法受到爵士乐等现代音乐实验的影响,并符合梅耶霍尔德生物力学的一般原理。这篇文章有助于了解关于记录二十世纪戏剧和梅耶霍尔德表演的方法。它的重点是艺术演讲研究所(列宁格勒)的研究项目,该研究所于1927年发起了这个和其他梅耶霍尔德作品的录音。
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引用次数: 0
Velimir Khlebnikov's “Christmas Tale” Snezhimochka Velimir Khlebnikov's “Christmas Tale” Snezhimochka
IF 0.2 3区 文学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ruslit.2022.09.001
Gabriella Elina Imposti

A wide range of dramatic forms can be found in Khlebnikov’s dramatic œuvre, which should be viewed against the background of Russian classical literature and culture, Symbolism, as well as the Futurist theatre of the time. In this paper I focus on Khlebnikov’s early dramatic work Snezhimochka (Snowflake, 1908) retracing its connections with the folk character of Snegurochka (the Snow Maiden) as she is represented in Afanas’ev’s famous collections of folktales, on which Ostrovsky based his play Snegurochka (1873), on which in turn Rimsky-Korsakov based his opera Snegurochka (1882). I highlight how the motif of the Snow Maiden played an important role in the revival of interest in folklore and Slavic mythology in St Petersburg Symbolist circles, which the young Khlebnikov frequented. Finally, Snezhimochka and Kruchenykh’s “opera” Victory over the Sun – which were intended to be performed together – are compared with reference to the theme of the sun, their characters, and, above all, their treatment of language and neologization.

在赫列布尼科夫的戏剧œuvre中可以找到广泛的戏剧形式,这应该在俄罗斯古典文学和文化,象征主义以及当时的未来主义戏剧的背景下进行观察。在本文中,我将重点放在赫列布尼科夫的早期戏剧作品《白雪公主》(1908年)上,追溯其与民间人物斯内古罗奇卡(雪少女)的联系,因为她在阿法纳斯耶夫著名的民间故事集中得到了体现,奥斯特洛夫斯基的戏剧《斯内古罗奇卡》(1873年)就是以此为基础的,里姆斯基-科尔萨科夫的歌剧《斯内古罗奇卡》(1882年)也是以此为基础的。我强调雪少女的主题是如何在圣彼得堡象征主义圈子中对民间传说和斯拉夫神话的兴趣复兴中发挥重要作用的,年轻的赫列布尼科夫经常光顾。最后,将Snezhimochka和Kruchenykh的歌剧《战胜太阳》(Victory over the Sun)——这两部歌剧本打算一起演出——与太阳的主题、他们的角色,尤其是他们对语言和新词化的处理进行比较。
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引用次数: 0
Ревизор, “Oткомментированный всем гоголем”. Александр Слонимский и Юлия Сазонова-Слонимская в полемике о Мейерхольдовском спектакле 监察员," gogol的评论"亚历山大·斯洛宁斯基和茱莉亚·萨佐诺夫-斯洛宁斯基在关于迈耶霍尔多夫戏剧的争论中
IF 0.2 3区 文学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ruslit.2023.01.001
О.Н. Купцова
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引用次数: 0
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