Ivan Mitrović, Nada Šakotić, Slavko Milić, Žaklina Nikolić-Ilić
Socialization is not just training an individual for social life and his future role in society, but it is very important for personality formation, which is formed through learning with certain characteristics, and thus becomes a member of one culture [1]. Conflicts in the family, inconsistent discipline, affective cold, parents' hostility, poor monitoring and non-inclusion of parents in the everyday life of a minor, but also his psychological and emotional state, as well as crime and alcoholism in the family can be important factors, causers and triggers of the appearance of delinquent behaviour. The research was conducted for the duration of one school year, and it is represented by the central, southern and northern regions of Montenegro, in integrated departments at regular schools (PI Primary school 'Ilija Kisic' Herceg Novi, PI Primary school 'Vuk Karadzic' Berane, PI Primary school 'Dusan Korac' Bijelo Polje, PI Primary school 'Njegos' Kotor, PI Primary school 'Bosko Buha' Pljevlja, PI Primary school 'Olga Golovic' Niksic and PI Primary school 'Yugoslavia' Bar. Starting from the nature, essence and importance of the defined problem, the subject of our study is focused on the social development of children with disabilities, as well as on the influence of social development on the presence of problematic behaviour. The most significant results of this research, and we think that they have an impact on the social development of the child are: the fact that 23% of children grew up, lived and formed a socio-emotional status with their parent, who was not in the marital union of another child's parent. Parent's education: the most frequent is secondary school with 45.5%, and the number of parents with non-completed primary school is relatively high with 14.5%. A significant number of parents of children with disabilities are unemployed (fathers 26.4%, mothers 60.0%). We can conclude that economic characteristic can be very unfavourable for the functioning of the family. Our research shows that there are quarrels between 51.8% of parents. Regarding the presence of psychological violence against children with disabilities, we have concluded that in 14.5% of children there are indications of experiencing some form of psychological violence. The quarrel between parents, as a serious disorder in the social and overall development of children with disabilities, are expressed as a problem in the amount of 23.6% and there are indications that they reach up to 33.7%. So we can say that the presence of this problem is high. It is not negligible that 40% of children with disabilities have an inadequate relation towards teachers.
{"title":"Social development of children with disabilities in the integrated departments in Montenegro","authors":"Ivan Mitrović, Nada Šakotić, Slavko Milić, Žaklina Nikolić-Ilić","doi":"10.5937/intrev2103093m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/intrev2103093m","url":null,"abstract":"Socialization is not just training an individual for social life and his future role in society, but it is very important for personality formation, which is formed through learning with certain characteristics, and thus becomes a member of one culture [1]. Conflicts in the family, inconsistent discipline, affective cold, parents' hostility, poor monitoring and non-inclusion of parents in the everyday life of a minor, but also his psychological and emotional state, as well as crime and alcoholism in the family can be important factors, causers and triggers of the appearance of delinquent behaviour. The research was conducted for the duration of one school year, and it is represented by the central, southern and northern regions of Montenegro, in integrated departments at regular schools (PI Primary school 'Ilija Kisic' Herceg Novi, PI Primary school 'Vuk Karadzic' Berane, PI Primary school 'Dusan Korac' Bijelo Polje, PI Primary school 'Njegos' Kotor, PI Primary school 'Bosko Buha' Pljevlja, PI Primary school 'Olga Golovic' Niksic and PI Primary school 'Yugoslavia' Bar. Starting from the nature, essence and importance of the defined problem, the subject of our study is focused on the social development of children with disabilities, as well as on the influence of social development on the presence of problematic behaviour. The most significant results of this research, and we think that they have an impact on the social development of the child are: the fact that 23% of children grew up, lived and formed a socio-emotional status with their parent, who was not in the marital union of another child's parent. Parent's education: the most frequent is secondary school with 45.5%, and the number of parents with non-completed primary school is relatively high with 14.5%. A significant number of parents of children with disabilities are unemployed (fathers 26.4%, mothers 60.0%). We can conclude that economic characteristic can be very unfavourable for the functioning of the family. Our research shows that there are quarrels between 51.8% of parents. Regarding the presence of psychological violence against children with disabilities, we have concluded that in 14.5% of children there are indications of experiencing some form of psychological violence. The quarrel between parents, as a serious disorder in the social and overall development of children with disabilities, are expressed as a problem in the amount of 23.6% and there are indications that they reach up to 33.7%. So we can say that the presence of this problem is high. It is not negligible that 40% of children with disabilities have an inadequate relation towards teachers.","PeriodicalId":43325,"journal":{"name":"International Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71236190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Stryabkova, I. Titova, A. Glotova, T. Dobrodomova, J. Lyshchikova
The experience of the leading countries of the world shows that the definition of strategic directions of development, as well as the formation of programs for basic research and advanced applied development, is now mainly engaged in the state in close cooperation with academic and university science, the business environment and public organizations. In countries that are focused on permanently improving the quality of life of their citizens, strengthening their competitive positions, etc., considerable attention is paid to the problem of developing their scientific and educational potential, through the creation of research and educational centers (RECs). In connection with the creation of RECs, there is a need to assess the effectiveness of their functioning. Now, there is no scientifically based methodology for evaluating the effectiveness of the RECs functioning. The article discusses the tools for evaluating scientific research that can be used to analyze the effectiveness of RECs activities. The study proposed a method for integrating indicators of the region's development potentials and indicators of the effectiveness of research and educational centers, based on a comparison of trends in the region's development potentials and the performance indicators of RECs. On the basis of the proposed methodology, an assessment of the effectiveness of the world-class REC "Innovative Solutions in the Agro-industrial Complex" was carried out, according to the results of which it is possible to judge the impact of the REC's activities on the economic development of the region.
{"title":"Assessment of the economic efficiency of research and educational centers (RECs) in building a forecast image of the region","authors":"E. Stryabkova, I. Titova, A. Glotova, T. Dobrodomova, J. Lyshchikova","doi":"10.5937/intrev2103107s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/intrev2103107s","url":null,"abstract":"The experience of the leading countries of the world shows that the definition of strategic directions of development, as well as the formation of programs for basic research and advanced applied development, is now mainly engaged in the state in close cooperation with academic and university science, the business environment and public organizations. In countries that are focused on permanently improving the quality of life of their citizens, strengthening their competitive positions, etc., considerable attention is paid to the problem of developing their scientific and educational potential, through the creation of research and educational centers (RECs). In connection with the creation of RECs, there is a need to assess the effectiveness of their functioning. Now, there is no scientifically based methodology for evaluating the effectiveness of the RECs functioning. The article discusses the tools for evaluating scientific research that can be used to analyze the effectiveness of RECs activities. The study proposed a method for integrating indicators of the region's development potentials and indicators of the effectiveness of research and educational centers, based on a comparison of trends in the region's development potentials and the performance indicators of RECs. On the basis of the proposed methodology, an assessment of the effectiveness of the world-class REC \"Innovative Solutions in the Agro-industrial Complex\" was carried out, according to the results of which it is possible to judge the impact of the REC's activities on the economic development of the region.","PeriodicalId":43325,"journal":{"name":"International Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71236237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tax is the most important type of public revenue. Taxes are necessary for the functioning of the state. It is difficult to imagine the state as a legal entity, without taxes. Most of the funds for financing public expenditures were obtained through taxation. The phenomenon of double taxation occurs when several sovereign countries claim the right to tax the same taxpayer for an identical period, which leads to a more severe form of taxation to the detriment of the taxpayer. The aim of this paper is to present the way of treating the problem of double taxation with special reference to the methods and measures of eliminating double taxation. The authors also point to certain aspects of the problem of double taxation in Kosovo UN 1244.
{"title":"Double taxation considerations with reference to the avoidance of double taxation of value added tax between the Republic of Serbia and Kosovo UN 1244","authors":"Ž. Spalević, M. Rapajić, D. Veličković","doi":"10.5937/intrev2102185s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/intrev2102185s","url":null,"abstract":"Tax is the most important type of public revenue. Taxes are necessary for the functioning of the state. It is difficult to imagine the state as a legal entity, without taxes. Most of the funds for financing public expenditures were obtained through taxation. The phenomenon of double taxation occurs when several sovereign countries claim the right to tax the same taxpayer for an identical period, which leads to a more severe form of taxation to the detriment of the taxpayer. The aim of this paper is to present the way of treating the problem of double taxation with special reference to the methods and measures of eliminating double taxation. The authors also point to certain aspects of the problem of double taxation in Kosovo UN 1244.","PeriodicalId":43325,"journal":{"name":"International Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71236140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Socially responsible business is a positive attitude of a company towards the public and also towards its employees and its suppliers. In order for companies to successfully function, they need to operate in line through the contracts with their suppliers and in accordance with the corporate responsibility. For the business success to take place it also requires quality relationships with suppliers in order for the procurement to take place continuously, while managing relationships with suppliers represents an important organizational process. For the purpose of this paper research was carried out on a sample of commercial businesses with the aim of gaining insight and analysis whether such corporation are doing business and maintain social responsibility towards suppliers, do they comply to their obligations towards suppliers, and do they treat them in line with the ethical norms of corporative social responsibility. The research was conducted by means of the survey questionary with closed type of question. For the purposes of the research the sample is suitable because only representatives of trade companies were targeted in the sample and descriptive statistics were used in the analysis of the results. The data collection periods are January and February 2021. The research results indicate on the compliance with the suppliers for the purpose of operating responsibly and in a timely manner.
{"title":"Socially responsible business in relation to suppliers","authors":"Sandra Mrvica-Mađarac, M. Nedović, Matej Galić","doi":"10.5937/intrev2103059m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/intrev2103059m","url":null,"abstract":"Socially responsible business is a positive attitude of a company towards the public and also towards its employees and its suppliers. In order for companies to successfully function, they need to operate in line through the contracts with their suppliers and in accordance with the corporate responsibility. For the business success to take place it also requires quality relationships with suppliers in order for the procurement to take place continuously, while managing relationships with suppliers represents an important organizational process. For the purpose of this paper research was carried out on a sample of commercial businesses with the aim of gaining insight and analysis whether such corporation are doing business and maintain social responsibility towards suppliers, do they comply to their obligations towards suppliers, and do they treat them in line with the ethical norms of corporative social responsibility. The research was conducted by means of the survey questionary with closed type of question. For the purposes of the research the sample is suitable because only representatives of trade companies were targeted in the sample and descriptive statistics were used in the analysis of the results. The data collection periods are January and February 2021. The research results indicate on the compliance with the suppliers for the purpose of operating responsibly and in a timely manner.","PeriodicalId":43325,"journal":{"name":"International Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71236105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
One year has passed since the world declared a state of a pandemic caused by COVID-19. The main objective was to limit the number of people in public places to mitigate the spread of the virus. The Serbian government also decided to suspend teaching in higher education institutions, secondary and primary schools, and the regular operation of preschool education institutions. The habitats of all the inhabitants of the world have completely changed in all spheres of life. Offices and classrooms have moved into family homes and the question now arises as to how much digitization has made it easier or harder to complete everyday responsibilities. However, they all had to come to terms with the fact and adapt in a possible way to the current situation. Teachers and parents faced a difficult challenge, but perhaps the most difficult was for pupils and students, among whom many have not had direct contact with their professors for a year and they master most of the material on their own. The aim of the research in this paper was to determine how much the way of conducting online teaching in Serbia has changed, compared to last year. An attempt was made to determine whether more positive or negative grades were given by students for the approach and manner of teaching in high schools and faculties.
{"title":"Education is becoming digital: The youth attitudes towards online teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Kristina Kaličanin, Ivana Brdar, Tamara Vesić","doi":"10.5937/intrev2102113k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/intrev2102113k","url":null,"abstract":"One year has passed since the world declared a state of a pandemic caused by COVID-19. The main objective was to limit the number of people in public places to mitigate the spread of the virus. The Serbian government also decided to suspend teaching in higher education institutions, secondary and primary schools, and the regular operation of preschool education institutions. The habitats of all the inhabitants of the world have completely changed in all spheres of life. Offices and classrooms have moved into family homes and the question now arises as to how much digitization has made it easier or harder to complete everyday responsibilities. However, they all had to come to terms with the fact and adapt in a possible way to the current situation. Teachers and parents faced a difficult challenge, but perhaps the most difficult was for pupils and students, among whom many have not had direct contact with their professors for a year and they master most of the material on their own. The aim of the research in this paper was to determine how much the way of conducting online teaching in Serbia has changed, compared to last year. An attempt was made to determine whether more positive or negative grades were given by students for the approach and manner of teaching in high schools and faculties.","PeriodicalId":43325,"journal":{"name":"International Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71236265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alexandra Bormotova, N. Glubokova, A. Agapova, Ivan Alyshev, E. Larkova, D. Lomakina
International taxation, as follows from the theory, is a study of the tax burden on individuals or legal entities in accordance with the tax laws of different countries or international law. Russia, the United States and the EU are global jurisdictions with the most complete tax legislation concerning transfer pricing. In this regard, it is very useful to consider the experience of countries with different principles of taxation of international transactions, which will undoubtedly contribute to improving tax control over international transactions. As a rule, when performing cross-border transactions, the state implements additional control measures, in particular, tax control over transfer pricing. Foreign trade transactions, if the subject of such transactions are goods that are part of one or more of the following commodity groups (oil and goods produced from oil; black metals; non-ferrous metals; mineral fertilizers; precious metals and precious stones) in Russia belong to the category of controlled ones, which necessitates the use of transfer pricing methods. The audit is carried out in relation to the main taxes, namely, VAT, income tax, mineral extraction tax and personal income tax (in relation to individual entrepreneurs), as well as tax on additional income from the extraction of hydrocarbons. The article examines various tools and methods of control over international transactions carried out by both residents and non-residents. The authors consider the experience of countries with different principles of taxation of international transactions, which will contribute to improving and increasing the efficiency of tax control over international transactions, the correctness of calculation and completeness of payment of taxes when applying transfer pricing.
{"title":"Aspects of application of tax control by countries for cross-border operations","authors":"Alexandra Bormotova, N. Glubokova, A. Agapova, Ivan Alyshev, E. Larkova, D. Lomakina","doi":"10.5937/intrev2103186b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/intrev2103186b","url":null,"abstract":"International taxation, as follows from the theory, is a study of the tax burden on individuals or legal entities in accordance with the tax laws of different countries or international law. Russia, the United States and the EU are global jurisdictions with the most complete tax legislation concerning transfer pricing. In this regard, it is very useful to consider the experience of countries with different principles of taxation of international transactions, which will undoubtedly contribute to improving tax control over international transactions. As a rule, when performing cross-border transactions, the state implements additional control measures, in particular, tax control over transfer pricing. Foreign trade transactions, if the subject of such transactions are goods that are part of one or more of the following commodity groups (oil and goods produced from oil; black metals; non-ferrous metals; mineral fertilizers; precious metals and precious stones) in Russia belong to the category of controlled ones, which necessitates the use of transfer pricing methods. The audit is carried out in relation to the main taxes, namely, VAT, income tax, mineral extraction tax and personal income tax (in relation to individual entrepreneurs), as well as tax on additional income from the extraction of hydrocarbons. The article examines various tools and methods of control over international transactions carried out by both residents and non-residents. The authors consider the experience of countries with different principles of taxation of international transactions, which will contribute to improving and increasing the efficiency of tax control over international transactions, the correctness of calculation and completeness of payment of taxes when applying transfer pricing.","PeriodicalId":43325,"journal":{"name":"International Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71236430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The crisis caused by the COVID-19 virus is not just a global health crisis. The impact of the pandemic, caused by this virus, has strongly affected almost all vital economic sectors of the United States, which has seriously affected the global economy and other financial markets around the world. Significant declining incomes at all levels, rising unemployment, and disruptions in the industrial and transportation sectors are just some of the consequences caused by this virus in the economy of the United States. As the COVID-19 pandemic continues, the United States strongly opposes further reductions in economic growth and profits with several measures taken to mitigate the effects of the virus. In that sense, proactive action by the Government of the United States is necessary to protect economic prosperity and maintain sustainable economic growth for a longer period.
{"title":"Impact and consequences of the COVID-19 virus on the economy of the United States","authors":"Kristina Gavrilović, M. Vučeković","doi":"10.5937/INTREV2003056G","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/INTREV2003056G","url":null,"abstract":"The crisis caused by the COVID-19 virus is not just a global health crisis. The impact of the pandemic, caused by this virus, has strongly affected almost all vital economic sectors of the United States, which has seriously affected the global economy and other financial markets around the world. Significant declining incomes at all levels, rising unemployment, and disruptions in the industrial and transportation sectors are just some of the consequences caused by this virus in the economy of the United States. As the COVID-19 pandemic continues, the United States strongly opposes further reductions in economic growth and profits with several measures taken to mitigate the effects of the virus. In that sense, proactive action by the Government of the United States is necessary to protect economic prosperity and maintain sustainable economic growth for a longer period.","PeriodicalId":43325,"journal":{"name":"International Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71235475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The globalization of the modern economic system, the scarce nature of the resources used, the depressive and stagnant nature of the current processes, the increasing complexity of the geopolitical situation and the deterioration of the environmental situation, etc. predetermine a serious transformation of the functions of accounting services and the role of accounting in the modern management system. In these conditions, the need to study the impact of environmental factors on the nature of the enterprise activity and the mechanism for the development and adoption of managerial decisions are especially relevant. It is indisputable that the accounting organization system in a crisis situation should be different from its management in a sustainable development environment; this determines the need to improve managerial accounting methodology in conditions of unpredictability and instability of the external environment. An analysis of the specialized literature suggests that there are insufficient studies of many aspects concerning the methodological content of the anti-crisis model of managerial accounting, the construction of its categorical apparatus, and the provision of a managerial accounting model in crisis processes in the economy, etc., which predetermined the choice of the topic of our study.
{"title":"Analytical support of the management accounting system in an unstable economy conditions","authors":"Batrazovna Dzobelova Valentina, Shakhidovich Dovtaev Sayd-Ali, Fedorovna Kuzina Anna, Yusupovna Shadieva Movlatkhan, Takhirovna Elgaitarova Nargiz","doi":"10.5937/INTREV2003130D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/INTREV2003130D","url":null,"abstract":"The globalization of the modern economic system, the scarce nature of the resources used, the depressive and stagnant nature of the current processes, the increasing complexity of the geopolitical situation and the deterioration of the environmental situation, etc. predetermine a serious transformation of the functions of accounting services and the role of accounting in the modern management system. In these conditions, the need to study the impact of environmental factors on the nature of the enterprise activity and the mechanism for the development and adoption of managerial decisions are especially relevant. It is indisputable that the accounting organization system in a crisis situation should be different from its management in a sustainable development environment; this determines the need to improve managerial accounting methodology in conditions of unpredictability and instability of the external environment. An analysis of the specialized literature suggests that there are insufficient studies of many aspects concerning the methodological content of the anti-crisis model of managerial accounting, the construction of its categorical apparatus, and the provision of a managerial accounting model in crisis processes in the economy, etc., which predetermined the choice of the topic of our study.","PeriodicalId":43325,"journal":{"name":"International Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71235581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this paper is reflected in the analysis of the connection between the financial operations presented in companies' financial statements and the fact whether bankruptcy proceedings have been initiated against the observed companies. Namely, the fundamental indicators of a company's business success, including liquidity and solvency, are of immense significance for all stakeholders, and can also be used to predict the probability whether bankruptcy proceedings will be opened. Bankruptcy authorities make the decision to initiate bankruptcy proceedings, not solely on the basis of the results presented in the financial statements, but predominantly on the basis of the reasons defined by law. However, the question arises whether the fact that bankruptcy proceedings have been initiated correlates with the financial situation as shown in the financial statements. The paper's research sample is made up of the financial reports of two groups of companies, the first group of which includes all the companies in the Republic of Serbia that initiated bankruptcy proceedings in 2019, while the second group consists of randomly selected "healthy" companies. By applying two variables, i.e., liquidity and solvency, we are witnessing a difference in the results of the healthy versus the bankrupt companies. Healthy companies are largely liquid and solvent (47%), but it can be noticed that a number of healthy companies have problems with liquidity. Bankrupt companies are faced with a high liquidity risk, while a small number of them face the problem of insolvency.
{"title":"Liquidity and solvency of healthy and bankrupt entities: Do financial statements show any differences?","authors":"A. Obradović, Vule Mizdraković, Maja Obradović","doi":"10.5937/INTREV2003123O","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/INTREV2003123O","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is reflected in the analysis of the connection between the financial operations presented in companies' financial statements and the fact whether bankruptcy proceedings have been initiated against the observed companies. Namely, the fundamental indicators of a company's business success, including liquidity and solvency, are of immense significance for all stakeholders, and can also be used to predict the probability whether bankruptcy proceedings will be opened. Bankruptcy authorities make the decision to initiate bankruptcy proceedings, not solely on the basis of the results presented in the financial statements, but predominantly on the basis of the reasons defined by law. However, the question arises whether the fact that bankruptcy proceedings have been initiated correlates with the financial situation as shown in the financial statements. The paper's research sample is made up of the financial reports of two groups of companies, the first group of which includes all the companies in the Republic of Serbia that initiated bankruptcy proceedings in 2019, while the second group consists of randomly selected \"healthy\" companies. By applying two variables, i.e., liquidity and solvency, we are witnessing a difference in the results of the healthy versus the bankrupt companies. Healthy companies are largely liquid and solvent (47%), but it can be noticed that a number of healthy companies have problems with liquidity. Bankrupt companies are faced with a high liquidity risk, while a small number of them face the problem of insolvency.","PeriodicalId":43325,"journal":{"name":"International Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71235532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper the authors analyzes the process of improving the efficiency of the national economy in regards to solving the problem of transitional recession, with a special review of the issue of corruption. The problem of improving the efficiency of the national economy, apart from the direct economic factors, is in close correlation with the establishing of efficient state regulations, efficiency of the legal system and an independent judiciary system, but also with the establishing of professional management in previously state-run companies.
{"title":"Corruption and the domestic market: Problems and challenges","authors":"Milenko Ćeha, Nikola Ćeha, Slađana Vujičić","doi":"10.5937/intrev2001107q","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/intrev2001107q","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper the authors analyzes the process of improving the efficiency of the national economy in regards to solving the problem of transitional recession, with a special review of the issue of corruption. The problem of improving the efficiency of the national economy, apart from the direct economic factors, is in close correlation with the establishing of efficient state regulations, efficiency of the legal system and an independent judiciary system, but also with the establishing of professional management in previously state-run companies.","PeriodicalId":43325,"journal":{"name":"International Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71235566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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