Pub Date : 2022-07-18DOI: 10.2174/2210676612666220718140805
Funda Evcili, Gulsen Guclu
Premenstrual syndrome affects women’s physical, psychological, and social health negatively. Moreover it causes behavioral disorders such as anger, crime, and aggression tendencies. However, there is a limited number of studies in the literature which examined the relationship between premenstrual syndrome and crime, aggression, or violence. The objective of this study was to identify the relationship between premenstrual syndrome and aggression tendencies. This is a descriptive study. The 774 voluntary adolescent girls studying at a state university in Turkey constituted the sample of the research. The mean age of adolescent girls was 19.05 ± 1.64. The mean age of first menstruation for the participants was 13.35 ± 1.23. It was determined that 58.3% of the participants had premenstrual syndrome. Premenstrual syndrome intensity levels were higher among adolescent girls whose menstruation interval was < 28 days, those who had “irregular” menstrual cycles, those who found their menstruation-related knowledge “inadequate”, those diagnosed with “anemia” and those who thought their anger / aggression tendencies increased in their “premenstrual period” (p<0.05). And aggression tendencies increased among adolescent girls as the intensity of premenstrual syndrome increased (p<0.05). Health professionals premenstural symptoms were carefully evaluated and individualized care and treatment plans created.
{"title":"An Analysis on the Relationship Between Premenstrual Syndrome and Aggression Tendencies among Turkish Adolescent Girls","authors":"Funda Evcili, Gulsen Guclu","doi":"10.2174/2210676612666220718140805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210676612666220718140805","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Premenstrual syndrome affects women’s physical, psychological, and social health negatively. Moreover it causes behavioral disorders such as anger, crime, and aggression tendencies. However, there is a limited number of studies in the literature which examined the relationship between premenstrual syndrome and crime, aggression, or violence.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The objective of this study was to identify the relationship between premenstrual syndrome and aggression tendencies.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This is a descriptive study. The 774 voluntary adolescent girls studying at a state university in Turkey constituted the sample of the research.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The mean age of adolescent girls was 19.05 ± 1.64. The mean age of first menstruation for the participants was 13.35 ± 1.23. It was determined that 58.3% of the participants had premenstrual syndrome. Premenstrual syndrome intensity levels were higher among adolescent girls whose menstruation interval was < 28 days, those who had “irregular” menstrual cycles, those who found their menstruation-related knowledge “inadequate”, those diagnosed with “anemia” and those who thought their anger / aggression tendencies increased in their “premenstrual period” (p<0.05). And aggression tendencies increased among adolescent girls as the intensity of premenstrual syndrome increased (p<0.05).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Health professionals premenstural symptoms were carefully evaluated and individualized care and treatment plans created.\u0000","PeriodicalId":43326,"journal":{"name":"Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43465305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-07DOI: 10.2174/2210676612666220507010146
Élisabeth Thibaudeau, Alexandra R.-Mercier, T. Wykes, C. Reeder, Karianne Guay, Danielle Nadeau, Geneviève Dufour, M. Cella, C. Cellard
History of childhood maltreatment is recognized as an important risk factor for the development of mental health and cognitive difficulties. Cognitive difficulties are associated with impairments in everyday functioning in different domains such as school or work. To date, no study has evaluated the feasibility and acceptability of cognitive remediation therapy (CRT) with teenagers with a history of childhood maltreatment. The objective was to assess the acceptability and feasibility of the CIRCuiTS program for teenagers in youth protection services and to explore the preliminary effect on clinical and neuropsychological outcomes. Ten participants were first assessed with clinical and neuropsychological measures. They then received a mean of 16 CRT sessions with the CIRCuiTS program adapted for teenagers. The same measures as baseline were repeated directly after the end of treatment, as well as 3-months and 1-year post-treatment. Descriptive statistics were used to assess feasibility and acceptability, while the preliminary effect of CIRCuiTS was assessed with Reliable Change Indices (RCIs). CIRCuiTS was considered as acceptable by both participants and therapists for the attractiveness of the program, its easiness of use and understanding and its cultural adaptability. However, the feasibility was limited with only 50% of participants having had completed CIRCuiTS. This was mostly explained by contextual factors. RCIs revealed significant improvements in several neuropsychological domains, as well as a decline in other domains. This pilot study highlights challenges that must be addressed to promote engagement to CRT for teenagers in the care of youth protection services.
{"title":"The Engagement Challenge: Feasibility and Acceptability of Cognitive Remediation for Teenagers in the Care of Youth Protection Services","authors":"Élisabeth Thibaudeau, Alexandra R.-Mercier, T. Wykes, C. Reeder, Karianne Guay, Danielle Nadeau, Geneviève Dufour, M. Cella, C. Cellard","doi":"10.2174/2210676612666220507010146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210676612666220507010146","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000History of childhood maltreatment is recognized as an important risk factor for the development of mental health and cognitive difficulties. Cognitive difficulties are associated with impairments in everyday functioning in different domains such as school or work. To date, no study has evaluated the feasibility and acceptability of cognitive remediation therapy (CRT) with teenagers with a history of childhood maltreatment.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The objective was to assess the acceptability and feasibility of the CIRCuiTS program for teenagers in youth protection services and to explore the preliminary effect on clinical and neuropsychological outcomes.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Ten participants were first assessed with clinical and neuropsychological measures. They then received a mean of 16 CRT sessions with the CIRCuiTS program adapted for teenagers. The same measures as baseline were repeated directly after the end of treatment, as well as 3-months and 1-year post-treatment. Descriptive statistics were used to assess feasibility and acceptability, while the preliminary effect of CIRCuiTS was assessed with Reliable Change Indices (RCIs).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000CIRCuiTS was considered as acceptable by both participants and therapists for the attractiveness of the program, its easiness of use and understanding and its cultural adaptability. However, the feasibility was limited with only 50% of participants having had completed CIRCuiTS. This was mostly explained by contextual factors. RCIs revealed significant improvements in several neuropsychological domains, as well as a decline in other domains.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This pilot study highlights challenges that must be addressed to promote engagement to CRT for teenagers in the care of youth protection services.\u0000","PeriodicalId":43326,"journal":{"name":"Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47259705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-07DOI: 10.2174/2210676612666220507011156
Joel Baum
As one of the primary places of socialization for a young person, school is a critical part of any transgender student’s life. Mental health providers can play a fundamental role supporting these vulnerable young people as they navigate the hallways and classrooms of their schools. This article provides mental health personnel with information and resources for supporting transgender youth in the school setting. Some general principles for working effectively with educational institutions serving transgender youth are provided. In addition, three critical tools are introduced for maximizing conditions for a successful experience at school for these students. Educational institutions have adopted a range of specific structures found effective in anticipating and managing various issues a transgender child may encounter at school. These include structured approaches for initial discussions with school officials about a child’s gender, and Gender Support Plans and a Gender Communication Plans designed to codify ways a school will support a student around their emerging gender status. Awareness of these resources will help mental health providers effectively partner with patients and their families as they navigate educational institutions. For many transgender and other gender diverse students, the day-to-day tumult of school can be a source of great anxiety and concerns that they have no control over their circumstances. Using gender support and gender communication plans can diminish these feelings. Mental health providers must have a firm understanding of these plans and their implementation to provide the necessary support for gender diverse students.
{"title":"Working with Schools to Support Trans Youth: Seen, Safe and Supported","authors":"Joel Baum","doi":"10.2174/2210676612666220507011156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210676612666220507011156","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000As one of the primary places of socialization for a young person, school is a critical part of any transgender student’s life. Mental health providers can play a fundamental role supporting these vulnerable young people as they navigate the hallways and classrooms of their schools.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This article provides mental health personnel with information and resources for supporting transgender youth in the school setting.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Some general principles for working effectively with educational institutions serving transgender youth are provided. In addition, three critical tools are introduced for maximizing conditions for a successful experience at school for these students.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Educational institutions have adopted a range of specific structures found effective in anticipating and managing various issues a transgender child may encounter at school. These include structured approaches for initial discussions with school officials about a child’s gender, and Gender Support Plans and a Gender Communication Plans designed to codify ways a school will support a student around their emerging gender status. Awareness of these resources will help mental health providers effectively partner with patients and their families as they navigate educational institutions.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000For many transgender and other gender diverse students, the day-to-day tumult of school can be a source of great anxiety and concerns that they have no control over their circumstances. Using gender support and gender communication plans can diminish these feelings. Mental health providers must have a firm understanding of these plans and their implementation to provide the necessary support for gender diverse students.\u0000","PeriodicalId":43326,"journal":{"name":"Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49300679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-15DOI: 10.2174/2210676612666220415114504
F. Heidari, S. Norouzi, M. Kazemi-shishvan, H. Rezaei
Depression and anxiety are among the most common psychological disorders in adolescents. Studies have suggested a positive correlation between mental health problems and using the internet. This study aimed to determine the burden of anxiety and major depressive disorder (MDD) and their association with internet use and video gaming in adolescents. This community-based cross-sectional study was conducted on adolescents aged 13 to 18 years referred to the 33-Laleh health center at West Tabriz from March to September 2019. The short form Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-SF) and Screen for Child Anxiety Related Disorders (SCARED) scales were used. The data for demographic characteristics and the number of hours of internet use and video gaming per day were collected. The logistic regression test was applied. In this study, 150 adolescents were included with a male to female ratio of 1:1. Anxiety and mild, moderate, and severe depressive disorder were detected in 39 (26%), 16 (10.7%), 20 (13.3%), and 6 (4.0%) cases by screening tools, respectively. The mean age (SD) of participants was 14.8 (1.54) years. The mean duration (SD) of internet use and video gaming per day was 2.10 (±2.6) and 1.15 (± 1.7) hours, respectively. The odds of severe depressive symptoms increased by 42% per hour of video gaming (p=0.003) and 31% per hour of internet use (p=0.016). : Considering the significant positive association between depressive symptoms and video gaming and internet use, there is a necessity to call for actions to plan and implement psychological screening and subsequent supporting and treatment policies for those in need.
{"title":"The Prevalence of Major Depressive Disorder and Anxiety Disorder among Iranian Adolescents and their Association with Video Gaming and Internet Use","authors":"F. Heidari, S. Norouzi, M. Kazemi-shishvan, H. Rezaei","doi":"10.2174/2210676612666220415114504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210676612666220415114504","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Depression and anxiety are among the most common psychological disorders in adolescents. Studies have suggested a positive correlation between mental health problems and using the internet.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This study aimed to determine the burden of anxiety and major depressive disorder (MDD) and their association with internet use and video gaming in adolescents.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This community-based cross-sectional study was conducted on adolescents aged 13 to 18 years referred to the 33-Laleh health center at West Tabriz from March to September 2019. The short form Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-SF) and Screen for Child Anxiety Related Disorders (SCARED) scales were used. The data for demographic characteristics and the number of hours of internet use and video gaming per day were collected. The logistic regression test was applied.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000In this study, 150 adolescents were included with a male to female ratio of 1:1. Anxiety and mild, moderate, and severe depressive disorder were detected in 39 (26%), 16 (10.7%), 20 (13.3%), and 6 (4.0%) cases by screening tools, respectively. The mean age (SD) of participants was 14.8 (1.54) years. The mean duration (SD) of internet use and video gaming per day was 2.10 (±2.6) and 1.15 (± 1.7) hours, respectively. The odds of severe depressive symptoms increased by 42% per hour of video gaming (p=0.003) and 31% per hour of internet use (p=0.016).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000: Considering the significant positive association between depressive symptoms and video gaming and internet use, there is a necessity to call for actions to plan and implement psychological screening and subsequent supporting and treatment policies for those in need.\u0000","PeriodicalId":43326,"journal":{"name":"Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45688606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-15DOI: 10.2174/2210676612666220415121824
H. Lawrence, G. Siegle, R. Schwartz-Mette
Brooding rumination, or perseverative dwelling on negative cognitions, prolongs negative affect and is associated with heightened risk for depressive symptoms. Emerging research suggests that brooding rumination may be associated with more severe depressive symptoms when individuals brood in the form of mental imagery relative to verbal thoughts. The present study tested whether rumination was more highly associated with depressive symptom severity when adolescents ruminated in the form of mental imagery compared with verbal thoughts. Adolescents (N = 145) were recruited from the community surrounding a public university in the Northeastern United States. Of these adolescents, 136 were retained in analyses based on their reports of engaging in brooding rumination at least some of the time [age range: 13-17 years; M(SD)age = 15.40(1.24) years; 60.29% female, 32.35% male, 4.41% transgender, 2.94% other genders). In this cross-sectional study, adolescents reported on their trait levels of brooding rumination, whether they tend to ruminate in the form of mental imagery, verbal thought, or both, and completed a measure of depressive symptom severity. Moderated regression analyses were used to test whether the strength of the relation between brooding rumination and depressive symptom severity varied based on rumination style. Imagery-based brooding rumination occurred in the majority of adolescents, and imagery-based rumination was more highly associated with depressive symptom severity than verbally-based rumination for female adolescents and those adolescents high in trait brooding rumination. Findings emphasize the potential utility of assessing and intervening on imagery-based rumination.
{"title":"Imagery- and Verbally-Based Brooding Rumination in Adolescence: Differential Associations with Depressive Symptoms.","authors":"H. Lawrence, G. Siegle, R. Schwartz-Mette","doi":"10.2174/2210676612666220415121824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210676612666220415121824","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Brooding rumination, or perseverative dwelling on negative cognitions, prolongs negative affect and is associated with heightened risk for depressive symptoms. Emerging research suggests that brooding rumination may be associated with more severe depressive symptoms when individuals brood in the form of mental imagery relative to verbal thoughts.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The present study tested whether rumination was more highly associated with depressive symptom severity when adolescents ruminated in the form of mental imagery compared with verbal thoughts.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Adolescents (N = 145) were recruited from the community surrounding a public university in the Northeastern United States. Of these adolescents, 136 were retained in analyses based on their reports of engaging in brooding rumination at least some of the time [age range: 13-17 years; M(SD)age = 15.40(1.24) years; 60.29% female, 32.35% male, 4.41% transgender, 2.94% other genders). In this cross-sectional study, adolescents reported on their trait levels of brooding rumination, whether they tend to ruminate in the form of mental imagery, verbal thought, or both, and completed a measure of depressive symptom severity. Moderated regression analyses were used to test whether the strength of the relation between brooding rumination and depressive symptom severity varied based on rumination style.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Imagery-based brooding rumination occurred in the majority of adolescents, and imagery-based rumination was more highly associated with depressive symptom severity than verbally-based rumination for female adolescents and those adolescents high in trait brooding rumination.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings emphasize the potential utility of assessing and intervening on imagery-based rumination.\u0000","PeriodicalId":43326,"journal":{"name":"Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45535457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-15DOI: 10.2174/2210676612666220415112851
A. Krishna, N. Goyal, D. Ram, Anjanik Kumar Rajan, K. K. Kshitiz
Hunger hormones, including ghrelin and leptin, are associated with appetitive behaviors in various psychiatric disorders. Biochemical and hormonal status in disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD) in adolescents is largely unexplored. The study aimed to assess levels of leptin and ghrelin and find their association with lipid profiles in adolescents with DMDD. Twenty adolescents with a DSM 5 diagnosis of DMDD with age and gender-matched 19 healthy controls were recruited, followed by clinical assessment. They were assessed for leptin, ghrelin, and lipid profiles, respectively. Adolescents with DMDD were comparable in age, education, family income, domicile status, psychiatric illness in the family, and body mass index (BMI) with matched controls. There was no difference in mean lipid profile and ghrelin in both groups. However, the DMDD group had statistically significant higher mean level of leptin as compared to the control group (t=1.84, p < 0.05). As measured by the Modified Overt Aggression Scale in DMDD, aggression showed a significant positive correlation with measures of lipid profile. Adolescents with DMDD have elevated serum leptin levels. Further research is needed to confirm this finding.
{"title":"Hunger Hormones in Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder in Adolescents: An Exploratory Study","authors":"A. Krishna, N. Goyal, D. Ram, Anjanik Kumar Rajan, K. K. Kshitiz","doi":"10.2174/2210676612666220415112851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210676612666220415112851","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Hunger hormones, including ghrelin and leptin, are associated with appetitive behaviors in various psychiatric disorders. Biochemical and hormonal status in disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD) in adolescents is largely unexplored.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The study aimed to assess levels of leptin and ghrelin and find their association with lipid profiles in adolescents with DMDD.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Twenty adolescents with a DSM 5 diagnosis of DMDD with age and gender-matched 19 healthy controls were recruited, followed by clinical assessment. They were assessed for leptin, ghrelin, and lipid profiles, respectively.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Adolescents with DMDD were comparable in age, education, family income, domicile status, psychiatric illness in the family, and body mass index (BMI) with matched controls. There was no difference in mean lipid profile and ghrelin in both groups. However, the DMDD group had statistically significant higher mean level of leptin as compared to the control group (t=1.84, p < 0.05). As measured by the Modified Overt Aggression Scale in DMDD, aggression showed a significant positive correlation with measures of lipid profile.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Adolescents with DMDD have elevated serum leptin levels. Further research is needed to confirm this finding.\u0000","PeriodicalId":43326,"journal":{"name":"Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41745499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-14DOI: 10.2174/2210676612666220414095544
C. Ferguson
The issue of whether fictional media can socialize male attitudes toward women remains hotly contested. One recent longitudinal study concluded that exposure to sexualized TV was associated with viewing women as sex objects as well as objectification of women. However, it was unclear whether these findings were robust. Original data was obtained. In a preregistered regression design, the association between sexualized television and music videos was longitudinally examined with male sexual dominance, viewing women as sex objects and objectification, controlling for T1 outcome scores and other control variables. The sample included 487 adolescent males from Belgium. No longitudinal association was found between sexualized media variables and any of the outcome variables with proper controls in place. Longitudinal analyses do not support long-term associations between sexualized media and adolescent male objectification of women.
{"title":"Does Exposure to Sexualized Media Lead to Boys’ Objectification of Girls and Women?: A Preregistered, Longitudinal Reanalysis of Rousseau et al. (2019)","authors":"C. Ferguson","doi":"10.2174/2210676612666220414095544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210676612666220414095544","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The issue of whether fictional media can socialize male attitudes toward women remains hotly contested. One recent longitudinal study concluded that exposure to sexualized TV was associated with viewing women as sex objects as well as objectification of women. However, it was unclear whether these findings were robust.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Original data was obtained. In a preregistered regression design, the association between sexualized television and music videos was longitudinally examined with male sexual dominance, viewing women as sex objects and objectification, controlling for T1 outcome scores and other control variables. The sample included 487 adolescent males from Belgium.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000No longitudinal association was found between sexualized media variables and any of the outcome variables with proper controls in place.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Longitudinal analyses do not support long-term associations between sexualized media and adolescent male objectification of women.\u0000","PeriodicalId":43326,"journal":{"name":"Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46704731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-08DOI: 10.2174/2210676612666220408095913
Mayank Gupta, D. Ramar, Rekha Vijayan, Nihit Gupta
Artificial Intelligence is making a significant transformation in human lives. Its application in the medical and healthcare field has been also observed making an impact and improving overall outcomes. There has been a quest for similar processes in mental health due to the lack of observable changes in the areas of suicide prevention. In the last five years, there has been an emerging body of empirical research applying the technology of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) in mental health. To review the clinical applicability of the AI/ML-based tools in suicide prevention. The compelling question of predicting suicidality has been the focus of this research. We performed a broad literature search and then identified 36 articles relevant to meet the objectives of this review. We review the available evidence and provide a brief overview of the advances in this field. In the last five years, there has been more evidence supporting the implementation of these algorithms in clinical practice. Its current clinical utility is limited to using electronic health records and could be highly effective in conjunction with existing tools for suicide prevention. Other potential sources of relevant data include smart devices and social network sites. There are some serious questions about data privacy and ethics which need more attention while developing these new modalities in suicide research.
{"title":"Artificial Intelligence Tools for Suicide Prevention in Adolescents and Young Adults","authors":"Mayank Gupta, D. Ramar, Rekha Vijayan, Nihit Gupta","doi":"10.2174/2210676612666220408095913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210676612666220408095913","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Artificial Intelligence is making a significant transformation in human lives. Its application in the medical and healthcare field has been also observed making an impact and improving overall outcomes. There has been a quest for similar processes in mental health due to the lack of observable changes in the areas of suicide prevention. In the last five years, there has been an emerging body of empirical research applying the technology of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) in mental health.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000To review the clinical applicability of the AI/ML-based tools in suicide prevention.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The compelling question of predicting suicidality has been the focus of this research. \u0000We performed a broad literature search and then identified 36 articles relevant to meet the objectives of this review. We review the available evidence and provide a brief overview of the advances in this field.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000In the last five years, there has been more evidence supporting the implementation of these algorithms in clinical practice. Its current clinical utility is limited to using electronic health records and could be highly effective in conjunction with existing tools for suicide prevention. Other potential sources of relevant data include smart devices and social network sites. There are some serious questions about data privacy and ethics which need more attention while developing these new modalities in suicide research.\u0000","PeriodicalId":43326,"journal":{"name":"Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42584291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-05DOI: 10.2174/2210676612666220405125502
Maria A. Tocco, Sarah Mohiuddin
Trauma exposure is common, with more than half of children and adolescents experiencing at least one traumatic event prior to adulthood. Although diagnoses of eating disorders are less prevalent, the majority of adolescents re-port engaging in disordered eating behaviors. The association between childhood trauma exposure and disordered eating behaviors has been well documented in adults, however less is known about this association in adolescents. This review summarizes the literature that exists in the adolescent population. Multiple large-scale studies have demonstrated that adolescents who have been exposed to trauma are more likely to engage in disordered eating behaviors. This association was shown to exist in both sexes, although there appears to be a higher prevalence reported in girls. There does not appear to be significant racial or cultural factors that con-tribute to this association. The experience of sexual trauma, increased trauma severity, and repeat victimization confer an increased risk of engaging in disordered eating behaviors. There are multiple mediators that play a role in the development of disordered eating following a traumatic experience.
{"title":"Trauma & Disordered Eating in Adolescents: A Review","authors":"Maria A. Tocco, Sarah Mohiuddin","doi":"10.2174/2210676612666220405125502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210676612666220405125502","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Trauma exposure is common, with more than half of children and adolescents experiencing at least one traumatic event prior to adulthood. Although diagnoses of eating disorders are less prevalent, the majority of adolescents re-port engaging in disordered eating behaviors. The association between childhood trauma exposure and disordered eating behaviors has been well documented in adults, however less is known about this association in adolescents. This review summarizes the literature that exists in the adolescent population.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Multiple large-scale studies have demonstrated that adolescents who have been exposed to trauma are more likely to engage in disordered eating behaviors. This association was shown to exist in both sexes, although there appears to be a higher prevalence reported in girls. There does not appear to be significant racial or cultural factors that con-tribute to this association. The experience of sexual trauma, increased trauma severity, and repeat victimization confer an increased risk of engaging in disordered eating behaviors. There are multiple mediators that play a role in the development of disordered eating following a traumatic experience.\u0000","PeriodicalId":43326,"journal":{"name":"Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46690142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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