Pub Date : 2022-10-21DOI: 10.2174/2210676613666221021113633
Nagy Lr, U. A, Petti Ta
Communication disorders are associated with psychopathology and social distress in adolescents, yet moderate or less severe deficits often go undiagnosed. Data from a quality improvement initiative was analyzed from the Communication Perception Estimate Scale (CoPES), a self-report scale for receptive-expressive and pragmatic language deficits in youth receiving mental health services. To identify the frequency of communication deficits (CDs) among youth in psychiatric care and identify patterns of self-reported symptoms. The scale may be used as a clinical screening tool for Language disorder and Social (Pragmatic) communication disorder. CoPES is a 31-item scale administered to 318 adolescents 11-18 years old, asking questions about receptive-expressive and pragmatic CDs. In the first 12 items, subjects identified frequency of communication disorder symptoms using a forced-choice scale; in the following items frustration with CDs and then yes or no for earlier intervention and current interest in getting help for CDs. Respondents are from five representative clinical services. Patients were divided into self-identified groups: 14.5% significant Receptive-Expressive deficits only (R-ED); 6.6% significant Pragmatic deficits only (PD); 29.9% Both significant Receptive-Expressive and Pragmatic deficits (BCD); and 49.1% with limited or no deficits (NCD). The R-ED group expressed high rates of frustration and requests for help with Receptive-Expressive deficits. The PD group reported elevated rates of frustration in both areas. The BCD group indicated significantly more frustration and requests for help with both language areas compared to the NCD group. This data supports the need for greater awareness and consideration of communication disorders in youth presenting for psychiatric care.
{"title":"Systematically identifying communication deficits in youth under psychiatric care through a self-report scale","authors":"Nagy Lr, U. A, Petti Ta","doi":"10.2174/2210676613666221021113633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210676613666221021113633","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Communication disorders are associated with psychopathology and social distress in adolescents, yet moderate or less severe deficits often go undiagnosed. Data from a quality improvement initiative was analyzed from the Communication Perception Estimate Scale (CoPES), a self-report scale for receptive-expressive and pragmatic language deficits in youth receiving mental health services.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000To identify the frequency of communication deficits (CDs) among youth in psychiatric care and identify patterns of self-reported symptoms. The scale may be used as a clinical screening tool for Language disorder and Social (Pragmatic) communication disorder.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000CoPES is a 31-item scale administered to 318 adolescents 11-18 years old, asking questions about receptive-expressive and pragmatic CDs. In the first 12 items, subjects identified frequency of communication disorder symptoms using a forced-choice scale; in the following items frustration with CDs and then yes or no for earlier intervention and current interest in getting help for CDs. Respondents are from five representative clinical services.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Patients were divided into self-identified groups: 14.5% significant Receptive-Expressive deficits only (R-ED); 6.6% significant Pragmatic deficits only (PD); 29.9% Both significant Receptive-Expressive and Pragmatic deficits (BCD); and 49.1% with limited or no deficits (NCD). The R-ED group expressed high rates of frustration and requests for help with Receptive-Expressive deficits. The PD group reported elevated rates of frustration in both areas. The BCD group indicated significantly more frustration and requests for help with both language areas compared to the NCD group.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This data supports the need for greater awareness and consideration of communication disorders in youth presenting for psychiatric care.\u0000","PeriodicalId":43326,"journal":{"name":"Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48190493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-26DOI: 10.2174/2210676612666220826142153
Valerie Tobin, N. Sheth, Hale M. Thompson, N. Karnik
At a time when suicides are increasing throughout the United States, lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and two spirit (LGBTQ2S) adolescents are at especially high risk for suicidal ideation, attempts, and completed suicide. To 1) provide an overview and clinical perspective on LGBTQ2S suicidal ideation, attempts, and completed suicide; 2) discuss how the literature maps on to theories of suicide, and also points the way to clinical recommendations; and 3) give recommendations for clinical care based on this evidence. This article uses a narrative review style to discuss the current concerns around LGBTQ2S adolescent suicide. The Social Ecological Model, the Interpersonal Psychological Theory of Suicide, and Minority Stress Theory are used describe the manner in which risks are acquired. Emerging research demonstrates risks and protective factors in the lives of LGBTQ2S adolescents. The social context of LGBTQ2S adolescents puts them at risk for internalizing the experiences of discrimination evident in our society, In addition, there are other risk factors frequently associated with their LGBTQ2S status, such as substance misuse, homelessness, and lack of social support . Adolescents of color are especially vulnerable as they experience multiple marginalizations, often living in under resourced communities with poor access to health care. Support to families can be provided in the form of psychoeducation based on research findings. Social support is crucial and can be effectively provided in schools. Access to mental health care needs to be increased and barriers reduced. There is a need for more research, especially prospective study designs and research that centers adolescents of color and homeless adolescents. While there may be barriers to addressing the current rate of suicidality in this population, clinicians who work with adolescents can use a range of therapies to support their LGBTQ2S adolescent patients and their families, decreasing risk of suicidality.
{"title":"Lesbian Gay Bisexual Transgender Questioning/Queer Two-Spirit Adolescents and Suicidality","authors":"Valerie Tobin, N. Sheth, Hale M. Thompson, N. Karnik","doi":"10.2174/2210676612666220826142153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210676612666220826142153","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000At a time when suicides are increasing throughout the United States, lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and two spirit (LGBTQ2S) adolescents are at especially high risk for suicidal ideation, attempts, and completed suicide.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000To 1) provide an overview and clinical perspective on LGBTQ2S suicidal ideation, attempts, and completed suicide; 2) discuss how the literature maps on to theories of suicide, and also points the way to clinical recommendations; and 3) give recommendations for clinical care based on this evidence.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This article uses a narrative review style to discuss the current concerns around LGBTQ2S adolescent suicide. The Social Ecological Model, the Interpersonal Psychological Theory of Suicide, and Minority Stress Theory are used describe the manner in which risks are acquired.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Emerging research demonstrates risks and protective factors in the lives of LGBTQ2S adolescents. The social context of LGBTQ2S adolescents puts them at risk for internalizing the experiences of discrimination evident in our society, In addition, there are other risk factors frequently associated with their LGBTQ2S status, such as substance misuse, homelessness, and lack of social support . Adolescents of color are especially vulnerable as they experience multiple marginalizations, often living in under resourced communities with poor access to health care. Support to families can be provided in the form of psychoeducation based on research findings. Social support is crucial and can be effectively provided in schools. Access to mental health care needs to be increased and barriers reduced.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000There is a need for more research, especially prospective study designs and research that centers adolescents of color and homeless adolescents. While there may be barriers to addressing the current rate of suicidality in this population, clinicians who work with adolescents can use a range of therapies to support their LGBTQ2S adolescent patients and their families, decreasing risk of suicidality.\u0000","PeriodicalId":43326,"journal":{"name":"Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46230585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-21DOI: 10.2174/2210676612666220721101210
Danielle Varley, Clare Fenton, Georgina Gargan, Olivia Taylor, A. Taylor, N. Kirby, Michel Morton, J. Barrow, Christopher Hatton, B. Wright
In recent years the rates of young people presenting with self-harming have increased dramatically, with self-harm being a predictor of suicide. Despite evidence suggesting that self-harm is common in young people and that hospital admissions are increasing, research exploring the reasons behind young people’s motivations is not easily accessed. Systematic reviews have explored this from a range of perspectives, but none have drawn all this literature together. A systematic review of systematic reviews was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Seven databases were searched using a peer reviewed search strategy, with a focus on the factors of child and adolescent self-harming. All English language articles, published between 2008 and 2021, were considered, and screened against inclusion criteria. References of included articles were also searched for eligible articles. Twenty-two systematic reviews were included after screening against eligibility criteria. Narrative synthesis identified eight themes for motivation or reasons for self-harming: identity and subcultures, peer influences, educational stressors, mental ill health, cognitive and neuropsychological factors, trauma and attachment, internet influences and social media. Reasons for self-harming in adolescents are complex and multifactorial. Many studies focus on single causes or associations with self-harm rather than open-mindedly exploring a range of factors or the interactions between them. This leaves gaps in the research where hypothetical reasons for self-harm have not been systematically explored. The themes identified here could help in the clinical assessment process and guide future research in this area including the development of potential differentiated prevention and treatment approaches.
{"title":"A Systematic Review of Systematic Reviews Exploring the Factors Related to Child and Adolescent Self-Harm.","authors":"Danielle Varley, Clare Fenton, Georgina Gargan, Olivia Taylor, A. Taylor, N. Kirby, Michel Morton, J. Barrow, Christopher Hatton, B. Wright","doi":"10.2174/2210676612666220721101210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210676612666220721101210","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000In recent years the rates of young people presenting with self-harming have increased dramatically, with self-harm being a predictor of suicide. Despite evidence suggesting that self-harm is common in young people and that hospital admissions are increasing, research exploring the reasons behind young people’s motivations is not easily accessed. Systematic reviews have explored this from a range of perspectives, but none have drawn all this literature together.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000A systematic review of systematic reviews was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Seven databases were searched using a peer reviewed search strategy, with a focus on the factors of child and adolescent self-harming. All English language articles, published between 2008 and 2021, were considered, and screened against inclusion criteria. References of included articles were also searched for eligible articles.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Twenty-two systematic reviews were included after screening against eligibility criteria. Narrative synthesis identified eight themes for motivation or reasons for self-harming: identity and subcultures, peer influences, educational stressors, mental ill health, cognitive and neuropsychological factors, trauma and attachment, internet influences and social media.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Reasons for self-harming in adolescents are complex and multifactorial. Many studies focus on single causes or associations with self-harm rather than open-mindedly exploring a range of factors or the interactions between them. This leaves gaps in the research where hypothetical reasons for self-harm have not been systematically explored. The themes identified here could help in the clinical assessment process and guide future research in this area including the development of potential differentiated prevention and treatment approaches.\u0000","PeriodicalId":43326,"journal":{"name":"Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46835158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-18DOI: 10.2174/2210676612666220718140805
Funda Evcili, Gulsen Guclu
Premenstrual syndrome affects women’s physical, psychological, and social health negatively. Moreover it causes behavioral disorders such as anger, crime, and aggression tendencies. However, there is a limited number of studies in the literature which examined the relationship between premenstrual syndrome and crime, aggression, or violence. The objective of this study was to identify the relationship between premenstrual syndrome and aggression tendencies. This is a descriptive study. The 774 voluntary adolescent girls studying at a state university in Turkey constituted the sample of the research. The mean age of adolescent girls was 19.05 ± 1.64. The mean age of first menstruation for the participants was 13.35 ± 1.23. It was determined that 58.3% of the participants had premenstrual syndrome. Premenstrual syndrome intensity levels were higher among adolescent girls whose menstruation interval was < 28 days, those who had “irregular” menstrual cycles, those who found their menstruation-related knowledge “inadequate”, those diagnosed with “anemia” and those who thought their anger / aggression tendencies increased in their “premenstrual period” (p<0.05). And aggression tendencies increased among adolescent girls as the intensity of premenstrual syndrome increased (p<0.05). Health professionals premenstural symptoms were carefully evaluated and individualized care and treatment plans created.
{"title":"An Analysis on the Relationship Between Premenstrual Syndrome and Aggression Tendencies among Turkish Adolescent Girls","authors":"Funda Evcili, Gulsen Guclu","doi":"10.2174/2210676612666220718140805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210676612666220718140805","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Premenstrual syndrome affects women’s physical, psychological, and social health negatively. Moreover it causes behavioral disorders such as anger, crime, and aggression tendencies. However, there is a limited number of studies in the literature which examined the relationship between premenstrual syndrome and crime, aggression, or violence.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The objective of this study was to identify the relationship between premenstrual syndrome and aggression tendencies.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This is a descriptive study. The 774 voluntary adolescent girls studying at a state university in Turkey constituted the sample of the research.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The mean age of adolescent girls was 19.05 ± 1.64. The mean age of first menstruation for the participants was 13.35 ± 1.23. It was determined that 58.3% of the participants had premenstrual syndrome. Premenstrual syndrome intensity levels were higher among adolescent girls whose menstruation interval was < 28 days, those who had “irregular” menstrual cycles, those who found their menstruation-related knowledge “inadequate”, those diagnosed with “anemia” and those who thought their anger / aggression tendencies increased in their “premenstrual period” (p<0.05). And aggression tendencies increased among adolescent girls as the intensity of premenstrual syndrome increased (p<0.05).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Health professionals premenstural symptoms were carefully evaluated and individualized care and treatment plans created.\u0000","PeriodicalId":43326,"journal":{"name":"Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43465305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-07DOI: 10.2174/2210676612666220507010146
Élisabeth Thibaudeau, Alexandra R.-Mercier, T. Wykes, C. Reeder, Karianne Guay, Danielle Nadeau, Geneviève Dufour, M. Cella, C. Cellard
History of childhood maltreatment is recognized as an important risk factor for the development of mental health and cognitive difficulties. Cognitive difficulties are associated with impairments in everyday functioning in different domains such as school or work. To date, no study has evaluated the feasibility and acceptability of cognitive remediation therapy (CRT) with teenagers with a history of childhood maltreatment. The objective was to assess the acceptability and feasibility of the CIRCuiTS program for teenagers in youth protection services and to explore the preliminary effect on clinical and neuropsychological outcomes. Ten participants were first assessed with clinical and neuropsychological measures. They then received a mean of 16 CRT sessions with the CIRCuiTS program adapted for teenagers. The same measures as baseline were repeated directly after the end of treatment, as well as 3-months and 1-year post-treatment. Descriptive statistics were used to assess feasibility and acceptability, while the preliminary effect of CIRCuiTS was assessed with Reliable Change Indices (RCIs). CIRCuiTS was considered as acceptable by both participants and therapists for the attractiveness of the program, its easiness of use and understanding and its cultural adaptability. However, the feasibility was limited with only 50% of participants having had completed CIRCuiTS. This was mostly explained by contextual factors. RCIs revealed significant improvements in several neuropsychological domains, as well as a decline in other domains. This pilot study highlights challenges that must be addressed to promote engagement to CRT for teenagers in the care of youth protection services.
{"title":"The Engagement Challenge: Feasibility and Acceptability of Cognitive Remediation for Teenagers in the Care of Youth Protection Services","authors":"Élisabeth Thibaudeau, Alexandra R.-Mercier, T. Wykes, C. Reeder, Karianne Guay, Danielle Nadeau, Geneviève Dufour, M. Cella, C. Cellard","doi":"10.2174/2210676612666220507010146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210676612666220507010146","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000History of childhood maltreatment is recognized as an important risk factor for the development of mental health and cognitive difficulties. Cognitive difficulties are associated with impairments in everyday functioning in different domains such as school or work. To date, no study has evaluated the feasibility and acceptability of cognitive remediation therapy (CRT) with teenagers with a history of childhood maltreatment.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The objective was to assess the acceptability and feasibility of the CIRCuiTS program for teenagers in youth protection services and to explore the preliminary effect on clinical and neuropsychological outcomes.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Ten participants were first assessed with clinical and neuropsychological measures. They then received a mean of 16 CRT sessions with the CIRCuiTS program adapted for teenagers. The same measures as baseline were repeated directly after the end of treatment, as well as 3-months and 1-year post-treatment. Descriptive statistics were used to assess feasibility and acceptability, while the preliminary effect of CIRCuiTS was assessed with Reliable Change Indices (RCIs).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000CIRCuiTS was considered as acceptable by both participants and therapists for the attractiveness of the program, its easiness of use and understanding and its cultural adaptability. However, the feasibility was limited with only 50% of participants having had completed CIRCuiTS. This was mostly explained by contextual factors. RCIs revealed significant improvements in several neuropsychological domains, as well as a decline in other domains.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This pilot study highlights challenges that must be addressed to promote engagement to CRT for teenagers in the care of youth protection services.\u0000","PeriodicalId":43326,"journal":{"name":"Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47259705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-07DOI: 10.2174/2210676612666220507011156
Joel Baum
As one of the primary places of socialization for a young person, school is a critical part of any transgender student’s life. Mental health providers can play a fundamental role supporting these vulnerable young people as they navigate the hallways and classrooms of their schools. This article provides mental health personnel with information and resources for supporting transgender youth in the school setting. Some general principles for working effectively with educational institutions serving transgender youth are provided. In addition, three critical tools are introduced for maximizing conditions for a successful experience at school for these students. Educational institutions have adopted a range of specific structures found effective in anticipating and managing various issues a transgender child may encounter at school. These include structured approaches for initial discussions with school officials about a child’s gender, and Gender Support Plans and a Gender Communication Plans designed to codify ways a school will support a student around their emerging gender status. Awareness of these resources will help mental health providers effectively partner with patients and their families as they navigate educational institutions. For many transgender and other gender diverse students, the day-to-day tumult of school can be a source of great anxiety and concerns that they have no control over their circumstances. Using gender support and gender communication plans can diminish these feelings. Mental health providers must have a firm understanding of these plans and their implementation to provide the necessary support for gender diverse students.
{"title":"Working with Schools to Support Trans Youth: Seen, Safe and Supported","authors":"Joel Baum","doi":"10.2174/2210676612666220507011156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210676612666220507011156","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000As one of the primary places of socialization for a young person, school is a critical part of any transgender student’s life. Mental health providers can play a fundamental role supporting these vulnerable young people as they navigate the hallways and classrooms of their schools.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This article provides mental health personnel with information and resources for supporting transgender youth in the school setting.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Some general principles for working effectively with educational institutions serving transgender youth are provided. In addition, three critical tools are introduced for maximizing conditions for a successful experience at school for these students.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Educational institutions have adopted a range of specific structures found effective in anticipating and managing various issues a transgender child may encounter at school. These include structured approaches for initial discussions with school officials about a child’s gender, and Gender Support Plans and a Gender Communication Plans designed to codify ways a school will support a student around their emerging gender status. Awareness of these resources will help mental health providers effectively partner with patients and their families as they navigate educational institutions.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000For many transgender and other gender diverse students, the day-to-day tumult of school can be a source of great anxiety and concerns that they have no control over their circumstances. Using gender support and gender communication plans can diminish these feelings. Mental health providers must have a firm understanding of these plans and their implementation to provide the necessary support for gender diverse students.\u0000","PeriodicalId":43326,"journal":{"name":"Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49300679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-15DOI: 10.2174/2210676612666220415114504
F. Heidari, S. Norouzi, M. Kazemi-shishvan, H. Rezaei
Depression and anxiety are among the most common psychological disorders in adolescents. Studies have suggested a positive correlation between mental health problems and using the internet. This study aimed to determine the burden of anxiety and major depressive disorder (MDD) and their association with internet use and video gaming in adolescents. This community-based cross-sectional study was conducted on adolescents aged 13 to 18 years referred to the 33-Laleh health center at West Tabriz from March to September 2019. The short form Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-SF) and Screen for Child Anxiety Related Disorders (SCARED) scales were used. The data for demographic characteristics and the number of hours of internet use and video gaming per day were collected. The logistic regression test was applied. In this study, 150 adolescents were included with a male to female ratio of 1:1. Anxiety and mild, moderate, and severe depressive disorder were detected in 39 (26%), 16 (10.7%), 20 (13.3%), and 6 (4.0%) cases by screening tools, respectively. The mean age (SD) of participants was 14.8 (1.54) years. The mean duration (SD) of internet use and video gaming per day was 2.10 (±2.6) and 1.15 (± 1.7) hours, respectively. The odds of severe depressive symptoms increased by 42% per hour of video gaming (p=0.003) and 31% per hour of internet use (p=0.016). : Considering the significant positive association between depressive symptoms and video gaming and internet use, there is a necessity to call for actions to plan and implement psychological screening and subsequent supporting and treatment policies for those in need.
{"title":"The Prevalence of Major Depressive Disorder and Anxiety Disorder among Iranian Adolescents and their Association with Video Gaming and Internet Use","authors":"F. Heidari, S. Norouzi, M. Kazemi-shishvan, H. Rezaei","doi":"10.2174/2210676612666220415114504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210676612666220415114504","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Depression and anxiety are among the most common psychological disorders in adolescents. Studies have suggested a positive correlation between mental health problems and using the internet.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This study aimed to determine the burden of anxiety and major depressive disorder (MDD) and their association with internet use and video gaming in adolescents.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This community-based cross-sectional study was conducted on adolescents aged 13 to 18 years referred to the 33-Laleh health center at West Tabriz from March to September 2019. The short form Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-SF) and Screen for Child Anxiety Related Disorders (SCARED) scales were used. The data for demographic characteristics and the number of hours of internet use and video gaming per day were collected. The logistic regression test was applied.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000In this study, 150 adolescents were included with a male to female ratio of 1:1. Anxiety and mild, moderate, and severe depressive disorder were detected in 39 (26%), 16 (10.7%), 20 (13.3%), and 6 (4.0%) cases by screening tools, respectively. The mean age (SD) of participants was 14.8 (1.54) years. The mean duration (SD) of internet use and video gaming per day was 2.10 (±2.6) and 1.15 (± 1.7) hours, respectively. The odds of severe depressive symptoms increased by 42% per hour of video gaming (p=0.003) and 31% per hour of internet use (p=0.016).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000: Considering the significant positive association between depressive symptoms and video gaming and internet use, there is a necessity to call for actions to plan and implement psychological screening and subsequent supporting and treatment policies for those in need.\u0000","PeriodicalId":43326,"journal":{"name":"Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45688606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-15DOI: 10.2174/2210676612666220415121824
H. Lawrence, G. Siegle, R. Schwartz-Mette
Brooding rumination, or perseverative dwelling on negative cognitions, prolongs negative affect and is associated with heightened risk for depressive symptoms. Emerging research suggests that brooding rumination may be associated with more severe depressive symptoms when individuals brood in the form of mental imagery relative to verbal thoughts. The present study tested whether rumination was more highly associated with depressive symptom severity when adolescents ruminated in the form of mental imagery compared with verbal thoughts. Adolescents (N = 145) were recruited from the community surrounding a public university in the Northeastern United States. Of these adolescents, 136 were retained in analyses based on their reports of engaging in brooding rumination at least some of the time [age range: 13-17 years; M(SD)age = 15.40(1.24) years; 60.29% female, 32.35% male, 4.41% transgender, 2.94% other genders). In this cross-sectional study, adolescents reported on their trait levels of brooding rumination, whether they tend to ruminate in the form of mental imagery, verbal thought, or both, and completed a measure of depressive symptom severity. Moderated regression analyses were used to test whether the strength of the relation between brooding rumination and depressive symptom severity varied based on rumination style. Imagery-based brooding rumination occurred in the majority of adolescents, and imagery-based rumination was more highly associated with depressive symptom severity than verbally-based rumination for female adolescents and those adolescents high in trait brooding rumination. Findings emphasize the potential utility of assessing and intervening on imagery-based rumination.
{"title":"Imagery- and Verbally-Based Brooding Rumination in Adolescence: Differential Associations with Depressive Symptoms.","authors":"H. Lawrence, G. Siegle, R. Schwartz-Mette","doi":"10.2174/2210676612666220415121824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210676612666220415121824","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Brooding rumination, or perseverative dwelling on negative cognitions, prolongs negative affect and is associated with heightened risk for depressive symptoms. Emerging research suggests that brooding rumination may be associated with more severe depressive symptoms when individuals brood in the form of mental imagery relative to verbal thoughts.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The present study tested whether rumination was more highly associated with depressive symptom severity when adolescents ruminated in the form of mental imagery compared with verbal thoughts.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Adolescents (N = 145) were recruited from the community surrounding a public university in the Northeastern United States. Of these adolescents, 136 were retained in analyses based on their reports of engaging in brooding rumination at least some of the time [age range: 13-17 years; M(SD)age = 15.40(1.24) years; 60.29% female, 32.35% male, 4.41% transgender, 2.94% other genders). In this cross-sectional study, adolescents reported on their trait levels of brooding rumination, whether they tend to ruminate in the form of mental imagery, verbal thought, or both, and completed a measure of depressive symptom severity. Moderated regression analyses were used to test whether the strength of the relation between brooding rumination and depressive symptom severity varied based on rumination style.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Imagery-based brooding rumination occurred in the majority of adolescents, and imagery-based rumination was more highly associated with depressive symptom severity than verbally-based rumination for female adolescents and those adolescents high in trait brooding rumination.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings emphasize the potential utility of assessing and intervening on imagery-based rumination.\u0000","PeriodicalId":43326,"journal":{"name":"Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45535457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-15DOI: 10.2174/2210676612666220415112851
A. Krishna, N. Goyal, D. Ram, Anjanik Kumar Rajan, K. K. Kshitiz
Hunger hormones, including ghrelin and leptin, are associated with appetitive behaviors in various psychiatric disorders. Biochemical and hormonal status in disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD) in adolescents is largely unexplored. The study aimed to assess levels of leptin and ghrelin and find their association with lipid profiles in adolescents with DMDD. Twenty adolescents with a DSM 5 diagnosis of DMDD with age and gender-matched 19 healthy controls were recruited, followed by clinical assessment. They were assessed for leptin, ghrelin, and lipid profiles, respectively. Adolescents with DMDD were comparable in age, education, family income, domicile status, psychiatric illness in the family, and body mass index (BMI) with matched controls. There was no difference in mean lipid profile and ghrelin in both groups. However, the DMDD group had statistically significant higher mean level of leptin as compared to the control group (t=1.84, p < 0.05). As measured by the Modified Overt Aggression Scale in DMDD, aggression showed a significant positive correlation with measures of lipid profile. Adolescents with DMDD have elevated serum leptin levels. Further research is needed to confirm this finding.
{"title":"Hunger Hormones in Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder in Adolescents: An Exploratory Study","authors":"A. Krishna, N. Goyal, D. Ram, Anjanik Kumar Rajan, K. K. Kshitiz","doi":"10.2174/2210676612666220415112851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210676612666220415112851","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Hunger hormones, including ghrelin and leptin, are associated with appetitive behaviors in various psychiatric disorders. Biochemical and hormonal status in disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD) in adolescents is largely unexplored.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The study aimed to assess levels of leptin and ghrelin and find their association with lipid profiles in adolescents with DMDD.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Twenty adolescents with a DSM 5 diagnosis of DMDD with age and gender-matched 19 healthy controls were recruited, followed by clinical assessment. They were assessed for leptin, ghrelin, and lipid profiles, respectively.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Adolescents with DMDD were comparable in age, education, family income, domicile status, psychiatric illness in the family, and body mass index (BMI) with matched controls. There was no difference in mean lipid profile and ghrelin in both groups. However, the DMDD group had statistically significant higher mean level of leptin as compared to the control group (t=1.84, p < 0.05). As measured by the Modified Overt Aggression Scale in DMDD, aggression showed a significant positive correlation with measures of lipid profile.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Adolescents with DMDD have elevated serum leptin levels. Further research is needed to confirm this finding.\u0000","PeriodicalId":43326,"journal":{"name":"Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41745499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-14DOI: 10.2174/2210676612666220414095544
C. Ferguson
The issue of whether fictional media can socialize male attitudes toward women remains hotly contested. One recent longitudinal study concluded that exposure to sexualized TV was associated with viewing women as sex objects as well as objectification of women. However, it was unclear whether these findings were robust. Original data was obtained. In a preregistered regression design, the association between sexualized television and music videos was longitudinally examined with male sexual dominance, viewing women as sex objects and objectification, controlling for T1 outcome scores and other control variables. The sample included 487 adolescent males from Belgium. No longitudinal association was found between sexualized media variables and any of the outcome variables with proper controls in place. Longitudinal analyses do not support long-term associations between sexualized media and adolescent male objectification of women.
{"title":"Does Exposure to Sexualized Media Lead to Boys’ Objectification of Girls and Women?: A Preregistered, Longitudinal Reanalysis of Rousseau et al. (2019)","authors":"C. Ferguson","doi":"10.2174/2210676612666220414095544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210676612666220414095544","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The issue of whether fictional media can socialize male attitudes toward women remains hotly contested. One recent longitudinal study concluded that exposure to sexualized TV was associated with viewing women as sex objects as well as objectification of women. However, it was unclear whether these findings were robust.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Original data was obtained. In a preregistered regression design, the association between sexualized television and music videos was longitudinally examined with male sexual dominance, viewing women as sex objects and objectification, controlling for T1 outcome scores and other control variables. The sample included 487 adolescent males from Belgium.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000No longitudinal association was found between sexualized media variables and any of the outcome variables with proper controls in place.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Longitudinal analyses do not support long-term associations between sexualized media and adolescent male objectification of women.\u0000","PeriodicalId":43326,"journal":{"name":"Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46704731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：