Pub Date : 2015-03-21DOI: 10.2979/HISTMEMO.27.1.154
Sara Jones
Focusing on the Berlin Stasi prison memorial, Gedenkstätte Berlin-Hohenschönhausen, this article considers the role that memorialization might play in transitional justice as a form of symbolic reparation situated between vengeance and forgiveness. Through narrative analysis of interviews with former political prisoners, it traces the importance of memorialization for victims of human rights abuses in terms of a personal and collective coming to terms with the past. It connects understandings of transitional justice with social and cultural memory studies and demonstrates the dynamic interaction between different levels of memory that can take place at sites of conscience.
{"title":"“Simply a Little Piece of GDR History”?: The Role of Memorialization in Post-Socialist Transitional Justice in Germany","authors":"Sara Jones","doi":"10.2979/HISTMEMO.27.1.154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/HISTMEMO.27.1.154","url":null,"abstract":"Focusing on the Berlin Stasi prison memorial, Gedenkstätte Berlin-Hohenschönhausen, this article considers the role that memorialization might play in transitional justice as a form of symbolic reparation situated between vengeance and forgiveness. Through narrative analysis of interviews with former political prisoners, it traces the importance of memorialization for victims of human rights abuses in terms of a personal and collective coming to terms with the past. It connects understandings of transitional justice with social and cultural memory studies and demonstrates the dynamic interaction between different levels of memory that can take place at sites of conscience.","PeriodicalId":43327,"journal":{"name":"History & Memory","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2015-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74020991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-03-21DOI: 10.2979/HISTMEMO.27.1.83
Barbara E. Mann
This essay offers a site-specific reading of Jaffa Slope Park, a newly opened public space on the city’s coastal border, in relation to both Ajami, the largely Arab neighborhood upon whose ruins it was built, and Ayman Sikseck’s memoiristic novel, To Jaffa (Hebrew, 2010). The park is analyzed within the broader discourse of Israeli landscape architecture, particularly the proliferation of memory-sites, while the novel is considered in relation to Hebrew literary history. Analyzing the production of Palestinian memory within Israeli culture allows us to rethink memory in a transnational setting, and to consider how the Nakba is remembered across different discursive realms shaped by geography, history and language.
{"title":"“An Apartment to Remember”: Palestinian Memory in the Israeli Landscape","authors":"Barbara E. Mann","doi":"10.2979/HISTMEMO.27.1.83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/HISTMEMO.27.1.83","url":null,"abstract":"This essay offers a site-specific reading of Jaffa Slope Park, a newly opened public space on the city’s coastal border, in relation to both Ajami, the largely Arab neighborhood upon whose ruins it was built, and Ayman Sikseck’s memoiristic novel, To Jaffa (Hebrew, 2010). The park is analyzed within the broader discourse of Israeli landscape architecture, particularly the proliferation of memory-sites, while the novel is considered in relation to Hebrew literary history. Analyzing the production of Palestinian memory within Israeli culture allows us to rethink memory in a transnational setting, and to consider how the Nakba is remembered across different discursive realms shaped by geography, history and language.","PeriodicalId":43327,"journal":{"name":"History & Memory","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2015-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77155538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Focusing on the case of post-dictatorship Uruguay, this article reconsiders the term “postmemory,” coined by Marianne Hirsch to describe the transmission of memory from Holocaust survivors to their children about events that preceded their birth. It examines two groups: HIJOS, comprised of the offspring of the dictatorship’s victims, who were babies and young children during the dictatorship, and Niños en Cautiverio Político, whose members were imprisoned with their mothers as infants or born in captivity. Analysis of these contrasting organizations elucidates postmemory’s complexity, revealing the broad spectrum of experiences it encompasses and the role of external factors in the construction of memory.
本文以独裁统治后的乌拉圭为例，重新思考“后记忆”一词，这个词是由Marianne Hirsch创造的，用来描述大屠杀幸存者对他们出生之前的事件的记忆传递给他们的孩子。它调查了两个群体:hijo，由独裁受害者的后代组成，他们在独裁统治期间是婴儿和幼儿;Niños en Cautiverio Político，其成员在婴儿时期与母亲一起被监禁或在囚禁中出生。对这些对比组织的分析阐明了后记忆的复杂性，揭示了它所包含的广泛经验以及外部因素在记忆构建中的作用。
{"title":"Of HIJOS and Niños: Revisiting Postmemory in Post-Dictatorship Uruguay","authors":"Cara Levey","doi":"10.2979/histmemo.26.2.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/histmemo.26.2.5","url":null,"abstract":"Focusing on the case of post-dictatorship Uruguay, this article reconsiders the term “postmemory,” coined by Marianne Hirsch to describe the transmission of memory from Holocaust survivors to their children about events that preceded their birth. It examines two groups: HIJOS, comprised of the offspring of the dictatorship’s victims, who were babies and young children during the dictatorship, and Niños en Cautiverio Político, whose members were imprisoned with their mothers as infants or born in captivity. Analysis of these contrasting organizations elucidates postmemory’s complexity, revealing the broad spectrum of experiences it encompasses and the role of external factors in the construction of memory.","PeriodicalId":43327,"journal":{"name":"History & Memory","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2014-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79881322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-09-07DOI: 10.2979/HISTMEMO.26.2.133
Daniel C. S. Wilson
Arnold Toynbee’s lectures on the Industrial Revolution (published in 1884) were the first—and the most influential—attempt to historicize Britain’s radical transition to a machine-based economy. This article locates the lectures in the context of the increasing disciplinary specialization of late-nineteenth-century Britain. Toynbee’s intellectual character and political commitments shaped an approach to the machinery question which was holist and thus placed him at odds with emerging specialists in history and economics. Despite various shortcomings, the lectures suggest the generative potential of the machinery question for an integrated economic and historical science, at which Toynbee’s unfinished work only hinted.
{"title":"Arnold Toynbee and the Industrial Revolution: The Science of History, Political Economy and the Machine Past","authors":"Daniel C. S. Wilson","doi":"10.2979/HISTMEMO.26.2.133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/HISTMEMO.26.2.133","url":null,"abstract":"Arnold Toynbee’s lectures on the Industrial Revolution (published in 1884) were the first—and the most influential—attempt to historicize Britain’s radical transition to a machine-based economy. This article locates the lectures in the context of the increasing disciplinary specialization of late-nineteenth-century Britain. Toynbee’s intellectual character and political commitments shaped an approach to the machinery question which was holist and thus placed him at odds with emerging specialists in history and economics. Despite various shortcomings, the lectures suggest the generative potential of the machinery question for an integrated economic and historical science, at which Toynbee’s unfinished work only hinted.","PeriodicalId":43327,"journal":{"name":"History & Memory","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2014-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77258644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-09-07DOI: 10.2979/HISTMEMO.26.2.76
E. Nelson
On April 7, 1562, Protestant forces sacked the Minim monastery on the grounds of the royal chateau at Plessis outside Tours in France. During the looting iconoclasts forced open the tomb of the order’s founder, Saint Francis of Paola, and burnt his remains. This study examines the processes through which oral accounts within the Minim community concerning the “martyrdom” of Saint Francis were committed to writing during the first quarter of the seventeenth century. It sheds new light on the relationship between individual, collective and historical memory in the formation of Minim identity and how the iconoclastic violence of the French religious wars was remembered by religious communities.
1562年4月7日，新教军队洗劫了位于法国图尔城外普莱西斯皇家城堡内的迷你修道院。在劫掠期间，反圣像者强行打开了骑士团创始人保拉圣方济各(Saint Francis of Paola)的坟墓，并焚烧了他的遗体。本研究考察了17世纪前25年，关于圣方济各“殉难”的口头叙述在最小群体内的写作过程。它揭示了个人、集体和历史记忆之间的关系，以及在形成极简身份的过程中，以及宗教团体如何记住法国宗教战争的反传统暴力。
{"title":"Remembering the Martyrdom of Saint Francis of Paola: History, Memory and Minim Identity in Seventeenth-Century France","authors":"E. Nelson","doi":"10.2979/HISTMEMO.26.2.76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/HISTMEMO.26.2.76","url":null,"abstract":"On April 7, 1562, Protestant forces sacked the Minim monastery on the grounds of the royal chateau at Plessis outside Tours in France. During the looting iconoclasts forced open the tomb of the order’s founder, Saint Francis of Paola, and burnt his remains. This study examines the processes through which oral accounts within the Minim community concerning the “martyrdom” of Saint Francis were committed to writing during the first quarter of the seventeenth century. It sheds new light on the relationship between individual, collective and historical memory in the formation of Minim identity and how the iconoclastic violence of the French religious wars was remembered by religious communities.","PeriodicalId":43327,"journal":{"name":"History & Memory","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2014-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91209039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-09-07DOI: 10.2979/HISTMEMO.26.2.106
B. Russell
By the mid-nineteenth century there had emerged a well-established conception of the British industrialization as being driven preeminently by very particular inventors and the machines that they created. James Watt and the steam engine were a primary focus of attention, particularly for Bennet Woodcroft (1803–79) at the Patent Office Museum in London. Woodcroft’s early work securing items of Britain’s early industrial heritage points to the powerful commemorative role which he perceived for such objects in recording the passage of Britain’s Industrial Revolution. It also raises some issues that were amplified by the burgeoning heritage industry in the twentieth century.
{"title":"Preserving the Dust: The Role of Machines in Commemorating the Industrial Revolution","authors":"B. Russell","doi":"10.2979/HISTMEMO.26.2.106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/HISTMEMO.26.2.106","url":null,"abstract":"By the mid-nineteenth century there had emerged a well-established conception of the British industrialization as being driven preeminently by very particular inventors and the machines that they created. James Watt and the steam engine were a primary focus of attention, particularly for Bennet Woodcroft (1803–79) at the Patent Office Museum in London. Woodcroft’s early work securing items of Britain’s early industrial heritage points to the powerful commemorative role which he perceived for such objects in recording the passage of Britain’s Industrial Revolution. It also raises some issues that were amplified by the burgeoning heritage industry in the twentieth century.","PeriodicalId":43327,"journal":{"name":"History & Memory","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2014-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76943229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-09-07DOI: 10.2979/HISTMEMO.26.2.40
M. Lok
This article analyzes the social construction of silence in early-nineteenth-century Europe, focusing on France and the Netherlands. In both countries, the newly installed Restoration monarchies propagated a “politics of forgetting” of the problematic recent past of the revolution and the Napoleonic era as an essential part of attempts to build a stable and legitimate political order. This official forgetting was contested in both countries. On the basis of the “letters of adhesion,” the article examines the close interaction between the individual reconstruction of the personal past and social forgetting. Finally, it relates the rise of a historicizing culture in the early nineteenth century to the culture of silence in Restoration Europe.
{"title":"“Un oubli total du passé”?: The Political and Social Construction of Silence in Restoration Europe (1813–1830)","authors":"M. Lok","doi":"10.2979/HISTMEMO.26.2.40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/HISTMEMO.26.2.40","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyzes the social construction of silence in early-nineteenth-century Europe, focusing on France and the Netherlands. In both countries, the newly installed Restoration monarchies propagated a “politics of forgetting” of the problematic recent past of the revolution and the Napoleonic era as an essential part of attempts to build a stable and legitimate political order. This official forgetting was contested in both countries. On the basis of the “letters of adhesion,” the article examines the close interaction between the individual reconstruction of the personal past and social forgetting. Finally, it relates the rise of a historicizing culture in the early nineteenth century to the culture of silence in Restoration Europe.","PeriodicalId":43327,"journal":{"name":"History & Memory","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2014-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81951477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Numerical commemoration is a distinctive form of group remembrance in which the collective number of those who make up the group serves as the mnemonic key to the past. The article examines the modern Israeli practice that focuses on the numerical commemoration of patriotic sacrifice and examines its social and ideological underpinnings. The study analyzes the distinct patterns and variations of Israeli numerical commemorations and the unique challenges that this mnemonic tradition faces given its abstract, impersonal and ahistorical character. The discussion addresses the transformations that numerical commemoration has undergone in recent decades, the cultural strategies employed in its support, and the complex interplay between national and local memories in maintaining a mnemonic tradition.
{"title":"“Numerical Commemoration” and the Challenges of Collective Remembrance in Israel","authors":"Yael Zerubavel","doi":"10.2979/HISTMEMO.26.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/HISTMEMO.26.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"Numerical commemoration is a distinctive form of group remembrance in which the collective number of those who make up the group serves as the mnemonic key to the past. The article examines the modern Israeli practice that focuses on the numerical commemoration of patriotic sacrifice and examines its social and ideological underpinnings. The study analyzes the distinct patterns and variations of Israeli numerical commemorations and the unique challenges that this mnemonic tradition faces given its abstract, impersonal and ahistorical character. The discussion addresses the transformations that numerical commemoration has undergone in recent decades, the cultural strategies employed in its support, and the complex interplay between national and local memories in maintaining a mnemonic tradition.","PeriodicalId":43327,"journal":{"name":"History & Memory","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2014-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80269466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-03-20DOI: 10.2979/HISTMEMO.26.1.39
Jasper Heinzen
The article examines the commemoration of Waterloo (1815) since the Second World War by placing the battle’s polyvalent image in the context of European integration. To this end it traces the cultural significance of Waterloo in regional, national, transnational and international perspective to elucidate the longevity of the event as a lieu de mémoire, and then argues that even now the Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars remain in some respects an unmastered past because of uncertainty in European public memory about how to commemorate these conflicts.
{"title":"A Negotiated Truce: The Battle of Waterloo in European Memory since the Second World War","authors":"Jasper Heinzen","doi":"10.2979/HISTMEMO.26.1.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/HISTMEMO.26.1.39","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the commemoration of Waterloo (1815) since the Second World War by placing the battle’s polyvalent image in the context of European integration. To this end it traces the cultural significance of Waterloo in regional, national, transnational and international perspective to elucidate the longevity of the event as a lieu de mémoire, and then argues that even now the Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars remain in some respects an unmastered past because of uncertainty in European public memory about how to commemorate these conflicts.","PeriodicalId":43327,"journal":{"name":"History & Memory","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2014-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76789818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-03-20DOI: 10.2979/HISTMEMO.26.1.136
Audrey Brunetaux
The visual void surrounding the 1942 Vel d’Hiv roundup has become an obsession in France rather than a point of departure for reflection on narrative and visual silence in the face of the Holocaust. This study highlights the shifting paradigms around which French television has constructed narratives about the Vel d’Hiv roundup. Whereas scholars have analyzed the politics behind its commemorations in the context of broader debates on national identity and anti-Semitism, this article rethinks this event in terms of postwar televised mythologies, de/constructions, representations and national discourses.
1942年Vel d 'Hiv围捕的视觉空白在法国已经成为一种困扰，而不是在面对大屠杀时反思叙事和视觉沉默的出发点。这项研究强调了围绕法国电视构建关于Vel d 'Hiv围捕的叙事的转变范式。虽然学者们在更广泛的关于民族认同和反犹太主义的辩论背景下分析了其纪念活动背后的政治，但本文从战后电视神话、解构、表征和民族话语的角度重新思考了这一事件。
{"title":"Revisiting the Vel d’Hiv Roundup through the Camera Lens","authors":"Audrey Brunetaux","doi":"10.2979/HISTMEMO.26.1.136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/HISTMEMO.26.1.136","url":null,"abstract":"The visual void surrounding the 1942 Vel d’Hiv roundup has become an obsession in France rather than a point of departure for reflection on narrative and visual silence in the face of the Holocaust. This study highlights the shifting paradigms around which French television has constructed narratives about the Vel d’Hiv roundup. Whereas scholars have analyzed the politics behind its commemorations in the context of broader debates on national identity and anti-Semitism, this article rethinks this event in terms of postwar televised mythologies, de/constructions, representations and national discourses.","PeriodicalId":43327,"journal":{"name":"History & Memory","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2014-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80416621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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